CN116840725A - Battery pack fault detection method, device, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Battery pack fault detection method, device, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a fault detection method, a device, computer equipment and a storage medium of a battery pack, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected; obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery; and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery. Firstly, acquiring a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected, then obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery, and finally determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery; by utilizing the normalization method, the voltage characteristic of the fault single battery can be amplified, so that the fault single battery can be more accurately identified, and the detection sensitivity is high; in addition, the estimation of the SOC is realized without establishing a mathematical model, so that the calculation load is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for detecting a fault of a battery pack, a computer device, and a storage medium.
Background
To meet the energy and power requirements of actual operating conditions, lithium ion battery systems are typically composed of hundreds or thousands of battery cells connected in series/parallel. Due to the dense arrangement of a large number of batteries, any monomer induced thermal runaway can be diffused in the battery pack, and finally evolve into serious fire and explosion accidents, so that personal and property safety is endangered. Thermal runaway of a battery is usually induced by three general types of abuse, namely mechanical abuse, electric abuse and thermal abuse, and certain correlation exists among various abuse induction modes, and mechanical abuse is often generated during vehicle collision, and is expressed as mechanical deformation of the battery, which is generally difficult to predict and is developed to have a short thermal runaway course. The abuse mainly comprises abuse such as short circuit, overcharge and overdischarge, which causes abnormal aging of the battery and even further develops thermal runaway due to dendrite growth or abnormal heat generation. Thermal abuse generally refers to the overheating of a battery in a high temperature environment or under conditions of poor heat dissipation, and may be further developed by mechanical abuse or electrical abuse. Mechanical abuse and thermal abuse are often accompanied by more pronounced features (e.g., voltage dip or temperature surge). Electrical abuse (including improper charge, over-discharge, etc.) while degrading battery performance, also greatly increases the risk of internal shorting in the battery, often without significant features in the early stages. If the fault with long development process such as abnormal aging can be accurately detected and identified in early stage, the upgrading and the diffusion of the safety problem can be avoided to a certain extent.
At this stage, basic functions of data (current, voltage and temperature) collection, battery equalization, insulation detection, etc. have been well integrated into a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) and have been widely used. In addition, battery State estimation has also been developed as a relatively mature research field, and a great deal of research has been conducted about battery core states such as State of Charge (SOC), state of Health (SOH), and Power State of Power (SOP). Because the cell currents in the series modules are consistent, the decrease in SOC caused by the short-circuit self-discharge will gradually deviate the voltage of the cell with abnormal aging from the other normal cells in the group. Therefore, the existing method realizes detection and identification of abnormal aging mainly by tracking the SOC difference among monomers. However, in the prior art, estimation of the SOC needs to be achieved by establishing a mathematical model, which results in large calculation load and low diagnosis sensitivity.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a fault detection method, a fault detection device, computer equipment and a storage medium of a battery pack.
In a first aspect, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a fault detection method for a battery pack, including:
Acquiring a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected;
obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery.
In one embodiment, obtaining the normalized value of each cell according to the voltage value of each cell includes:
and obtaining the average normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery.
In one embodiment, obtaining the average normalized value of each single cell according to the voltage value of each single cell includes:
obtaining a mean normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery and based on the following formula;
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Normalized value of mean value of time, U j (t i ) Indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Voltage value at moment, U mean (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Average value of voltage values of all single batteries except single battery with minimum voltage value at moment, U max (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Time of dayMaximum voltage value, U min (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Minimum voltage value at time.
In one embodiment, determining the fault detection result of each cell according to the normalized value of each cell includes:
obtaining a normalized curve of each single battery according to the normalized values of each single battery at different moments;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized curve of each single battery.
In one embodiment, determining the fault detection result of each cell according to the normalized curve of each cell includes:
smoothing the normalized curve of each single battery to obtain a target normalized curve of each single battery;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the target normalized curve of each single battery.
In one embodiment, smoothing the normalized curve of each unit cell to obtain a target normalized curve of each unit cell includes:
and carrying out self-adaptive extended Kalman filtering on the normalized curve of each single battery to obtain a target normalized curve of each single battery.
In one embodiment, determining the fault detection result of each cell according to the normalized value of each cell includes:
Acquiring a preset normalized threshold range;
comparing the normalized value of each single battery with a preset normalized threshold range to obtain a comparison result of each single battery;
determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the comparison result of each single battery;
and aiming at each comparison result, if the comparison result representation normalization value exceeds a preset normalization threshold range, obtaining a fault detection result representing that the single battery has faults.
In a second aspect, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a fault detection device for a battery pack, including:
the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack to be detected;
the normalization processing module is used for obtaining the normalization value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
the fault judging module is used for determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery.
In a third aspect, in one embodiment, the invention provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor; the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory to perform the steps in the method for detecting a fault of a battery pack in any of the above embodiments.
In a fourth aspect, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a storage medium storing a computer program that is loaded by a processor to perform the steps in the method for detecting a failure of a battery pack in any of the above embodiments.
Through the fault detection method, the fault detection device, the computer equipment and the storage medium of the battery pack, the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack to be detected is firstly obtained, then the normalized value of each single battery is obtained according to the voltage value of each single battery, and finally the fault detection result of each single battery is determined according to the normalized value of each single battery; by utilizing the normalization method, the voltage characteristic of the fault single battery can be amplified, so that the fault single battery can be more accurately identified, and the detection sensitivity is high; in addition, the estimation of the SOC is realized without establishing a mathematical model, so that the calculation load is greatly reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a fault detection method of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a failure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fault detection device of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. In the present application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this disclosure is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the application. In the following description, details are set forth for purposes of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present application may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the description of the application with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
The fault detection method of the battery pack is applied to the fault detection device of the battery pack, and the fault detection device of the battery pack is arranged in the computer equipment; the computer device may be a terminal, for example, a mobile phone or a tablet computer, and the computer device may also be a server, or a service cluster formed by a plurality of servers.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a fault detection method of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the application scenario of the fault detection method of a battery pack according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a computer device 100 (a fault detection device of a battery pack is integrated in the computer device 100), and a computer readable storage medium corresponding to the fault detection method of a battery pack is run in the computer device 100, so as to execute steps of the fault detection method of a battery pack.
It can be understood that the computer device in the application scenario of the fault detection method of the battery pack shown in fig. 1, or the apparatus included in the computer device, is not limited to the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the number of devices and the type of devices included in the application scenario of the fault detection method of the battery pack, or the number of apparatuses and the type of apparatuses included in each device, do not affect the overall implementation of the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, and all the devices and the types of apparatuses may be calculated as equivalent substitutions or derivatives of the technical solution claimed in the embodiment of the present invention.
The computer device 100 in the embodiment of the present invention may be an independent device, or may be a device network or a device cluster formed by devices, for example, the computer device 100 described in the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a computer, a network host, a single network device, a plurality of network device sets, or a cloud device formed by a plurality of devices. Wherein, cloud equipment is composed of a large number of computers or network equipment based on Cloud Computing (Cloud Computing).
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the application scenario shown in fig. 1 is only one application scenario corresponding to the technical solution of the present invention, and does not limit the application scenario of the technical solution of the present invention, and other application scenarios may also include more or fewer computer devices than those shown in fig. 1, or a network connection relationship of the computer devices, for example, only 1 computer device is shown in fig. 1, and it is understood that the scenario of the fault detection method of the battery pack may also include one or more other computer devices, which is not limited herein in particular; the computer device 100 may further include a memory for storing information related to a fault detection method of the battery pack.
In addition, in the application scenario of the fault detection method of the battery pack in the embodiment of the present invention, the computer device 100 may be provided with a display device, or the computer device 100 is not provided with a display device and is connected to the external display device 200 in a communication manner, where the display device 200 is configured to output a result of execution of the fault detection method of the battery pack in the computer device. The computer device 100 may access a background database 300 (the background database 300 may be a local memory of the computer device 100, and the background database 300 may also be disposed in the cloud), where information related to a fault detection method of the battery pack is stored in the background database 300.
It should be noted that, the application scenario of the fault detection method of the battery pack shown in fig. 1 is merely an example, and the application scenario of the fault detection method of the battery pack described in the embodiment of the present invention is for more clearly describing the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation to the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Based on the application scenario of the fault detection method of the battery pack, an embodiment of the fault detection method of the battery pack is provided.
In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for detecting a fault of a battery pack, including:
Step 201, obtaining a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected;
wherein, a battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, and under normal conditions, the voltage characteristics of each single battery are basically the same, such as the voltage value of the single battery; the voltage value of the single battery can be realized through a corresponding voltage sampling device, and the voltage sampling device can be integrated in an execution main body of the fault detection method of the battery pack in the embodiment, can also be mutually independent from the execution main body and is connected through a corresponding communication device, and is not described herein again;
the voltage value of the single battery can be an instantaneous value or a continuous value within a period of time, and depends on the requirement of subsequent fault detection;
step 202, obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
in order to eliminate the dimension influence among indexes, data standardization processing is needed to solve the comparability among the data indexes; after the original data is subjected to data standardization processing, all indexes are in the same order of magnitude, and the method is suitable for comprehensive comparison and evaluation; the most typical is the normalization of the data; in short, the purpose of normalization is to limit the pre-processed data to a certain range (e.g., [0,1] or [ -1,1 ]), and the normalization of the data can amplify the difference between the data;
It should be noted that, when the corresponding normalized value is obtained for each single battery, the voltage values to be used for control are at the same time, for example, in the step 201, the voltage value of each single battery is obtained at the time t1, so that the normalized value corresponding to the time t1 can be determined according to the voltage value of each single battery obtained at the time t 1; in other embodiments, average normalization, Z-score normalization, etc. may also be employed;
the normalization method can adopt the maximum normalization, map all data to between 0 and 1, the minimum value to 0, the maximum value to 1, and the middle value to the corresponding position; the maximum normalization is only applicable to the situation with obvious edges, such as student performance (0-100 points), and pixel values of pixel points (0-255); for no obvious boundaries, such as payroll (someone may be millions or even tens of millions), if most of the revenues are around 10k, one suddenly has a revenue of 1000w, so if the maximum normalization is used strongly, the data points are all concentrated to the far left, which is obviously not good enough; for the voltage values in this embodiment, there are relatively obvious boundaries, so in this embodiment, the maximum normalization can be adopted;
Step 203, determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery;
the faults of the single batteries are usually abnormal ageing, and based on the existing researches, the single batteries with abnormal ageing are known, and in the charging process, the voltage rise is slower than that of the normal single batteries under the same charging condition due to the continuous consumption of the internal short-circuit resistor, and the normal single batteries can also reach the charging cut-off voltage preferentially; in the discharging process, due to superposition of internal short-circuit current and discharging current, the discharging speed of the abnormal aged single battery is faster than that of the normal single battery under the same charging condition, and the abnormal aged single battery can reach the discharging cut-off voltage more preferentially; in the standing process, the abnormally aged single battery can show slow voltage drop; in the actual process, each single battery in the battery pack keeps the same working mode, namely, the single battery in the battery pack is charged, discharged and kept still at the same time, so that the voltage value of the single battery with abnormal aging is always lower than that of the normal single battery when the voltage value of the single battery in the battery pack is sampled at any time;
The voltage value difference between the fault single battery and the normal single battery is based, and the difference is amplified by normalization processing, so that the fault single battery can be screened out according to the normalization value of each single battery;
the number of the single batteries with faults in the battery pack is small, so that after the normalized value of each single battery in the battery pack to be detected is obtained, the single battery with the normalized value obviously different from that of other single batteries can be directly determined as the fault single battery, and the fault detection result of the single battery is obtained as that the fault exists; specifically, for example, ten single batteries are in total in the battery pack to be detected, and the normalized values of the ten single batteries are respectively 0.41, 0.42, 0.43, 0.38, 0.39, 0.40, 0.42, 0.15, 0.16 and 0.42, it can be seen that most of the normalized values except for 0.15 and 0.16 are basically concentrated at about 0.40, and few single batteries with faults occur, so that the single batteries corresponding to the normalized values concentrated at about 0.40 can be regarded as normal single batteries, whereas the single batteries corresponding to 0.15 and 0.16 which are obviously different from 0.40 are faulty single batteries; of course, in other embodiments, any manner may be used to analyze the obtained normalized value, so as to obtain a fault detection result of each unit cell.
The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack to be detected through the fault detection method of the battery pack, then obtaining the normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery, and finally determining the fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery; by utilizing the normalization method, the voltage characteristic of the fault single battery can be amplified, so that the fault single battery can be more accurately identified, and the detection sensitivity is high; in addition, the estimation of the SOC is realized without establishing a mathematical model, so that the calculation load is greatly reduced.
In one embodiment, obtaining the normalized value of each cell according to the voltage value of each cell includes:
obtaining a mean normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
the above embodiment has mentioned that the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack to be detected can be normalized by adopting the most value normalization to obtain the corresponding normalized value, but the boundary requirement on the data is higher, otherwise, the applicability of the normalized result is affected; therefore, for this case, mean normalization (Mean Normalization, MN) is adopted instead of the maximum normalization to improve the applicability of the normalization result, and thus the accuracy of fault detection;
Wherein, at t, for single battery in the battery pack to be detected i The mean normalized value of time of day can be expressed as:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Normalized value of mean value of time, U j (t i ) Indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Voltage value at moment, U mean (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Average value of voltage values of all single batteries at moment, U max (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Maximum voltage value of time, U min (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i A minimum voltage value at a time;
the above-mentioned method is characterized by that when the battery pack to be detected has no abnormal ageing fault, U is used j 、U mean 、U max U and U min The average normalized value of each single battery is kept unchanged; when the abnormal aging failure of the battery pack is detected, the voltage value of the abnormal aging failure battery is reduced, and the number of the abnormal aging failure battery is small, so that U is formed mean The voltage value of the single battery with abnormal aging fault is averaged by other normal single batteries, and the voltage value of the single battery with abnormal aging fault is reduced to the minimum voltage value U min Voltage value of single battery equivalent to abnormal aging fault, U max -U min An increase; for the single battery with abnormal aging fault, U j -U mean Reducing the average normalized value of the single battery with abnormal aging faultLow, while for normal single cells, U max -U min Increased but its U j -U mean The average normalized value of the normal single battery is only slightly reduced, and can be understood to be increased relative to the average normalized value of the abnormal aging fault single battery, so that the abnormal aging fault single battery can be identified based on the difference change of the average normalized value between the abnormal aging fault single battery and the normal single battery.
In one embodiment, obtaining the average normalized value of each single cell according to the voltage value of each single cell includes:
obtaining a mean normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery and based on the following formula;
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Normalized value of mean value of time, U j (t i ) Indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Voltage value at moment, U mean (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Average value of voltage values of all single batteries except single battery with minimum voltage value at moment, U max (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Maximum voltage value of time, U min (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i A minimum voltage value at a time;
the difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that in this embodiment, the difference between the U and the reference point is that mean Is improved by the definition of (in this embodiment, U) mean The average value of all the voltage values is not represented any more, but the average value of other voltage values after the minimum voltage value is removed; electrical power of single battery due to abnormal aging failureThe voltage value is reduced so that the minimum voltage value U min Voltage value equivalent to the cell of the abnormal aging failure, although in the above embodiment, U mean The voltage value of the most normal single battery is kept basically unchanged due to the average, but the voltage value is still slightly reduced, and in the embodiment, the improved U mean The minimum voltage value is removed, so that before and after the single battery with abnormal aging fault, U mean Further kept unchanged, for the single battery with abnormal aging failure, U j -U mean The voltage characteristics of the single battery with abnormal aging faults are further amplified, the fault detection precision is improved, and misdiagnosis is reduced.
In one embodiment, determining the fault detection result of each cell according to the normalized value of each cell includes:
obtaining a normalized curve of each single battery according to the normalized values of each single battery at different moments;
the above embodiment has mentioned that, when the voltage value of the single battery is sampled, only the instantaneous value at a certain moment can be obtained, and finally, normalization processing is performed based on the voltage value at the moment to obtain the normalized value at the moment, and fault detection is performed according to the normalized value at the moment to obtain a final fault detection result; however, when the voltage value is sampled, various noises exist, the voltage value of the original normal single battery is easily changed into the voltage value of the single battery with abnormal aging fault, and the voltage value of the single battery with abnormal aging fault is easily changed into the voltage value of the normal single battery, so that the precision of final fault detection can be seriously affected, and even the detection function is lost; therefore, in this case, the present embodiment does not perform fault detection judgment based on the normalized value at a certain time any more, but performs fault detection judgment based on a normalized curve in a period of time (i.e., a curve formed by a plurality of normalized values acquired according to a preset sampling frequency in the period of time); in this embodiment, the voltage value of each single battery needs to be sampled continuously, so as to obtain a voltage value curve corresponding to each single battery in a period of time, and then each voltage value curve performs normalization processing on the voltage value at each moment to obtain a normalized value corresponding to each single battery at each moment, so as to obtain a normalized curve corresponding to each single battery;
Determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized curve of each single battery;
the voltage value of the abnormal aging fault single battery is continuously reduced, so that the variation trend of the normalized curve corresponding to the abnormal aging fault single battery is also continuously reduced, and the reduction degree is obviously larger than that of the normal single battery.
The fault is detected and judged through the normalized curve in a period of time, compared with the normalized value based on a certain moment, the influence degree of noise is reduced, and the fault detection precision is improved.
In one embodiment, determining the fault detection result of each cell according to the normalized curve of each cell includes:
smoothing the normalized curve of each single battery to obtain a target normalized curve of each single battery;
determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the target normalization curve of each single battery;
the above embodiment has mentioned that noise exists when the voltage value is sampled, so that noise exists in the obtained voltage curve, and further noise exists in the obtained normalized curve, so that noise needs to be reduced on the obtained normalized curve, and the obtained normalized curve is more in line with the actual smooth variation trend; the smoothing process can be estimated by some filters, such as a kalman filter, an H-infinity filter, an example filter, and the like, which all exhibit excellent performance in terms of battery fault diagnosis and state estimation.
Noise in the normalized curve can be removed through smoothing processing of the normalized curve, and fault detection accuracy based on the normalized curve is further improved.
In one embodiment, smoothing the normalized curve of each unit cell to obtain a target normalized curve of each unit cell includes:
performing self-adaptive extended Kalman filtering on the normalized curve of each single battery to obtain a target normalized curve of each single battery;
under the random dynamic condition of the actual working condition, the noise distribution model and the normalization curve may change along with time, so that the noise reduction effect is affected; therefore, for this case, noise reduction is performed using an adaptive extended kalman filter in the present embodiment.
In one embodiment, determining the fault detection result of each cell according to the normalized value of each cell includes:
acquiring a preset normalized threshold range;
comparing the normalized value of each single battery with a preset normalized threshold range to obtain a comparison result of each single battery;
determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the comparison result of each single battery;
Aiming at each comparison result, if the comparison result representation normalization value exceeds a preset normalization threshold range, obtaining a fault detection result representing that the single battery has faults;
the above embodiment has mentioned that, since the number of failed single batteries in the battery pack is small, after the normalized value of each single battery in the battery pack to be detected is obtained, the single battery with the normalized value obviously different from that of other single batteries can be directly determined as the failed single battery, that is, the failure detection result of the single battery is obtained as the failure, and the mode needs to combine all the normalized values to perform judgment, and cannot independently judge each normalized value; in this embodiment, a corresponding normalized threshold range may be set in advance for the normalized value of the abnormal aging fault unit battery, and after the normalized value of each unit battery is obtained subsequently, the normalized value is directly compared with the normalized threshold range, if the abnormal aging fault unit battery exceeds, the abnormal aging fault unit battery is normal, and the judging efficiency can be improved by comparing the abnormal aging fault unit battery with the threshold;
it should be noted that, the applicability of the preset normalized threshold range determines the failure detection efficiency, so the preset normalized threshold range must be reasonably set, and needs to consider the data interference caused by factors such as noise, etc. to avoid sampling, if the threshold range is determined to be too small, the slight fluctuation under the condition of no failure will exceed the threshold range, resulting in misdiagnosis; in addition, the threshold range may be determined according to a large amount of historical data, for example, under multiple tests, the mean normalized value of the failed battery cell converges to 0.6-0.8, and the threshold range may be set to 0.5.
In order to verify the validity of the fault detection method of the battery pack provided by the above-described embodiment, the verification may be performed by the following steps;
1. diagnosis of abnormal aging faults of single battery in lithium ion battery pack: in order to study the influence of the specific position of the fault single battery in the battery pack on a diagnosis algorithm, a No. 1 single battery and a No. 5 single battery are selected to respectively represent that the fault single battery is positioned at the edge and inside of the battery pack;
in the process, fault single batteries positioned at different positions are respectively tested to verify the effectiveness of an algorithm on the positions of the single batteries;
2. diagnosis of abnormal aging faults of a plurality of single batteries in the lithium ion battery pack: diagnosis and test are carried out on the scene that a plurality of single batteries in the battery pack have abnormal aging faults, but in practical engineering application, the situation that the plurality of single batteries have abnormal aging faults at the same time is rare;
wherein, although in the actual process, only one single battery usually fails, in order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, in the process, a plurality of single batteries are simulated to fail at the same time;
3. Battery pack abnormal aging fault diagnosis based on real-time voltage sequencing: after the voltage values are obtained, the voltage values of the single batteries are sequenced in real time from large to small, so that a new voltage curve is obtained, the obtained voltage curves are no longer intersected, and the voltage curves do not strictly correspond to the single batteries; taking the ordered voltage array by 50%, and verifying by an abnormal aging fault diagnosis algorithm; the significance of the verification scene is that whether the algorithm can accurately identify the number of the fault single batteries or not is tested, and whether the voltage difference between the single batteries becomes small or not can influence the implementation of the algorithm by adopting the later 50% voltage array;
for example, the battery pack includes four single batteries, the voltage curve corresponding to the first single battery sequentially includes voltage values U11, U12, U13 and U14 according to time sequence, the voltage curve corresponding to the second single battery sequentially includes voltage values U21, U22, U23 and U24 according to time sequence, the voltage curve corresponding to the third single battery sequentially includes voltage values U31, U32, U33 and U34 according to time sequence, the voltage curve corresponding to the fourth single battery sequentially includes voltage values U41, U42, U43 and U44 according to time sequence, for example, U11 > U31 > U21 > U41, U22 > U32 > U12, U13 > U43 > U33, U44 > U24 > U14, then new four voltage curves arranged in a size relation can be obtained, the first new voltage curve includes voltage values U11, U22, U13 and U44, the second new voltage curve includes voltage values U31, U32, U43 and U34, the new voltage curve includes new voltage values U21, U24 and new voltage curve corresponding to the fourth single battery, and the new voltage curve includes new voltage values U21, U33 and new voltage curve corresponding to the fourth single battery, U24 and new voltage curve includes new voltage values U21 and U33 and new voltage curve corresponding to the fourth single battery; the purpose of obtaining a new voltage curve is to perform data screening, for example, screening out 50% of voltage arrays, namely U21, U42, U23, U24, U41, U12, U33 and U14, then calculating the normalized value of the corresponding single battery at the first time according to U21 and U24, calculating the normalized value of the corresponding single battery at the second time according to U42 and U12, calculating the normalized value of the corresponding single battery at the third time according to U23 and U33, and calculating the normalized value of the corresponding single battery at the fourth time according to U24 and U14;
4. Diagnosis of abnormal aging faults of battery packs based on sliding window real-time voltage sequencing: determining a sliding window before and after the current moment, determining the sequence of voltage at the initial moment of the window, extracting the serial numbers of the single cells of which the number is 50% after the sequence, performing diagnostic tests on the data before the window according to the determined serial numbers of the single cells, and performing diagnostic tests on the data in the window according to the real-time voltage sequence, wherein the data in the window takes the voltage of the single cells of which the number is 50% after the sequence. Considering that the diagnosis test of the full real-time voltage sequencing can only complete the task of verifying whether an algorithm can identify the number of the faulty single batteries based on the data with smaller single voltage differences, and cannot determine which single batteries have faults, the significance of the verification scene of the section design is that based on the characteristic that the voltage sequencing of the data before the sliding window is less influenced by the real-time sequencing, the test diagnosis algorithm can identify the specific faulty single batteries by utilizing the data with smaller single voltage differences;
the verification process has been mentioned that, a real-time sequencing manner is adopted, which can lead to that the determined fault result cannot correspond to the single battery, so that in the verification process, a sliding window is utilized to make one part of the fault result adopt a non-real-time sequencing manner, and the other part adopts a real-time sequencing manner.
In a second aspect, as shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a fault detection device of a battery pack, including:
a voltage acquisition module 301, configured to acquire a voltage value of each unit cell in the battery pack to be detected;
the normalization processing module 302 is configured to obtain a normalized value of each unit cell according to the voltage value of each unit cell;
the fault determining module 303 is configured to determine a fault detection result of each unit cell according to the normalized value of each unit cell.
The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected through the fault detection device of the battery pack, then obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery, and finally determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery; by utilizing the normalization method, the voltage characteristic of the fault single battery can be amplified, so that the fault single battery can be more accurately identified, and the detection sensitivity is high; in addition, the estimation of the SOC is realized without establishing a mathematical model, so that the calculation load is greatly reduced.
In one embodiment, the normalization processing module is specifically configured to obtain a mean normalization value of each unit cell according to a voltage value of each unit cell.
In one embodiment, the normalization processing module is specifically configured to obtain a mean normalization value of each unit cell according to a voltage value of each unit cell and based on the following formula;
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Normalized value of mean value of time, U j (t i ) Indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Voltage value at moment, U mean (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Average value of voltage values of all single batteries except single battery with minimum voltage value at moment, U max (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Maximum voltage value of time, U min (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Minimum voltage value at time.
In one embodiment, the fault judging module is specifically configured to obtain a normalized curve of each unit cell according to normalized values of each unit cell at different moments; and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized curve of each single battery.
In one embodiment, the fault judging module is specifically configured to perform smoothing on the normalized curve of each unit cell to obtain a target normalized curve of each unit cell; and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the target normalized curve of each single battery.
In one embodiment, the fault judging module is specifically configured to perform adaptive extended kalman filtering on the normalized curve of each unit cell to obtain a target normalized curve of each unit cell.
In one embodiment, the fault judging module is specifically configured to obtain a preset normalized threshold range; comparing the normalized value of each single battery with a preset normalized threshold range to obtain a comparison result of each single battery; determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the comparison result of each single battery; and aiming at each comparison result, if the comparison result representation normalization value exceeds a preset normalization threshold range, obtaining a fault detection result representing that the single battery has faults.
In a third aspect, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a computer device, which is a server corresponding to a login node for management in the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, which shows a structure of the computer device according to the present invention, specifically:
the computer device may include one or more processors 401 of a processing core, memory 402 of one or more computer readable storage media, a power supply 403, and an input unit 404, among other components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture of the computer device shown in fig. 4 is not limiting of the computer device, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or a different arrangement of components. Wherein:
The processor 401 is a control center of the computer device, connects various parts of the entire computer device using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the computer device and processes data by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 402, and calling data stored in the memory 402, thereby performing overall monitoring of the computer device. Optionally, processor 401 may include one or more processing cores; preferably, the processor 401 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, a computer program, etc., and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor 401.
The memory 402 may be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 401 executes various functional applications and data processing by executing the software programs and modules stored in the memory 402. The memory 402 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, a computer program (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the server, etc. In addition, memory 402 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device. Accordingly, the memory 402 may also include a memory controller to provide the processor 401 with access to the memory 402.
The computer device further comprises a power supply 403 for supplying power to the various components, preferably the power supply 403 may be logically connected to the processor 401 by a power management system, so that functions of charge, discharge, and power consumption management may be performed by the power management system. The power supply 403 may also include one or more of any of a direct current or alternating current power supply, a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator, and the like.
The computer device may also include an input unit 404, which input unit 404 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and to generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal inputs related to user settings and function control.
Although not shown, the computer device may further include a display unit or the like, which is not described herein. In particular, in this embodiment, when the computer device trains the computer device for the model, the processor 401 in the computer device loads executable files corresponding to the processes of one or more computer programs into the memory 402 according to the following instructions, and the processor 401 executes the computer programs stored in the memory 402 to perform the following steps:
Acquiring a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected;
obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery.
The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected through the computer equipment, then obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery, and finally determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery; by utilizing the normalization method, the voltage characteristic of the fault single battery can be amplified, so that the fault single battery can be more accurately identified, and the detection sensitivity is high; in addition, the estimation of the SOC is realized without establishing a mathematical model, so that the calculation load is greatly reduced.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that all or part of the steps of any of the methods of the above embodiments may be performed by a computer program, or by computer program control related hardware, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium and loaded and executed by a processor.
In a fourth aspect, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a storage medium having stored therein a plurality of computer programs, the computer programs being loadable by a processor, to perform the steps of:
acquiring a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected;
obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery.
The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected through the storage medium, then obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery, and finally determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery; by utilizing the normalization method, the voltage characteristic of the fault single battery can be amplified, so that the fault single battery can be more accurately identified, and the detection sensitivity is high; in addition, the estimation of the SOC is realized without establishing a mathematical model, so that the calculation load is greatly reduced.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink), DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
The steps in the method for detecting the fault of the battery pack in any embodiment provided by the present invention can be executed by the computer program stored in the storage medium, so that the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the method for detecting the fault of the battery pack in any embodiment provided by the present invention can be achieved, which are detailed in the previous embodiments and are not repeated herein.
The specific implementation of each operation above may be referred to the previous embodiments, and will not be described herein.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are focused on, and the portions of one embodiment that are not described in detail in the foregoing embodiments may be referred to in the foregoing detailed description of other embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The foregoing has described in detail the method, apparatus, device and storage medium for detecting a fault of a battery pack, and specific examples have been applied to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and the above examples are only for helping to understand the method and core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in light of the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
Claims (10)
1. A fault detection method of a battery pack, comprising:
acquiring a voltage value of each single battery in a battery pack to be detected;
obtaining a normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery.
2. The method for detecting a fault in a battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a normalized value of each of the unit cells according to a voltage value of each of the unit cells comprises:
and obtaining the average normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery.
3. The method for detecting a fault in a battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining the mean normalized value of each of the unit cells according to the voltage value of each of the unit cells comprises:
Obtaining a mean normalized value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery and based on the following formula;
wherein Z is i j Indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Normalized value of mean value of time, U j (t i ) Indicating that the jth single battery is at t i Voltage value at moment, U mean (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Average value of voltage values of all single batteries except single battery with minimum voltage value at moment, U max (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Maximum voltage value of time, U min (t i ) Indicating at t in the battery pack to be detected i Minimum voltage value at time.
4. A fault detection method for a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the determining the fault detection result of each of the unit cells based on the normalized value of each of the unit cells includes:
obtaining a normalized curve of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery at different moments;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized curve of each single battery.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein determining the failure detection result of each of the unit cells according to the normalized curve of each of the unit cells comprises:
Smoothing the normalized curve of each single battery to obtain a target normalized curve of each single battery;
and determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the target normalized curve of each single battery.
6. The method for detecting a fault in a battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the smoothing the normalized curve of each of the unit cells to obtain a target normalized curve of each of the unit cells comprises:
and carrying out self-adaptive extended Kalman filtering on the normalized curve of each single battery to obtain a target normalized curve of each single battery.
7. A fault detection method for a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the determining the fault detection result of each of the unit cells based on the normalized value of each of the unit cells includes:
acquiring a preset normalized threshold range;
comparing the normalized value of each single battery with a preset normalized threshold range to obtain a comparison result of each single battery;
determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the comparison result of each single battery;
And aiming at each comparison result, if the comparison result representation normalization value exceeds the preset normalization threshold range, obtaining a fault detection result representing that the single battery has faults.
8. A fault detection device of a battery pack, characterized by comprising:
the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack to be detected;
the normalization processing module is used for obtaining the normalization value of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery;
and the fault judging module is used for determining a fault detection result of each single battery according to the normalized value of each single battery.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor; the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory to perform the steps in the failure detection method of the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium storing a computer program to be loaded by a processor to perform the steps in the failure detection method of a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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