CN116839065A - Gas turbine and nozzle thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a gas turbine and a nozzle thereof, and relates to the technical field of nozzles. The nozzle comprises a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body is provided with a conical inclined surface and a nozzle end face at a first end; the end face of the spray head is a plane or a concave surface; the conical inclined surface is provided with a plurality of spray holes; the distance between the axial lead of each spray hole and the axial lead of the spray head body is gradually increased along a first direction from the end face of the spray head; the first direction is parallel to the axis of the nozzle body, and the second end of the nozzle body points to the first end. The application can ensure that the sprayed fuel is in a horn-shaped distribution, can improve the temperature distribution field generated by burning the fuel after being sprayed from the spray hole, and avoids the phenomenon that the spray nozzle is ablated at high temperature due to higher temperature. By arranging the conical inclined surface and the end face of the spray head at the first end of the spray head, the spray hole on the conical inclined surface can be close to the end face of the spray head as much as possible, and the spray head is further prevented from being ablated.

Description

Gas turbine and nozzle thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of nozzles, in particular to a gas turbine and a nozzle thereof.

Background

During the coke refining process, a coking enterprise can produce a large amount of cheap byproduct coke oven gas. The conventional practice for treating coke oven gas is to discharge directly into the atmosphere or to set off. With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, part of enterprises adopt gas turbines to generate electricity by taking coke oven gas as fuel. The coke oven gas comprises hydrogen and methane, and contains small amount of carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbon with more than 2 carbon atoms, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen and the like. The total content of hydrogen and methane in the coke oven gas exceeds 90%, and the hydrogen and methane are combustible gases with high combustion speed, and in a gas turbine, the fuel with high combustion speed is easy to temper and ablate a nozzle. If the nozzle is damaged by ablation, the combustion of the coke oven gas in the whole working condition range of the gas turbine is easy to be unstable.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a gas turbine and a nozzle thereof, which are used for solving the technical problem that the nozzle of the gas turbine is easy to ablate by adopting coke oven gas as fuel in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a nozzle, the nozzle comprising a nozzle head, the nozzle head comprising a nozzle head body, a first end of the nozzle head body being formed with a tapered bevel and a nozzle head end face; the end face of the spray head is a plane or a concave surface; the conical inclined surface is provided with a plurality of spray holes; the distance between the axial lead of each spray hole and the axial lead of the spray head body is gradually increased along a first direction from the end face of the spray head; the first direction is parallel to the axis of the nozzle body, and the second end of the nozzle body points to the first end.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the present application, each spray hole is uniformly distributed around the axis of the spray head body; an included angle formed by the axial lead of each spray hole and the axial lead of the spray head body is more than or equal to 40 degrees and less than or equal to 50 degrees.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the application, the axial lead of the spray head body and the axial lead of the spray hole are different-plane straight lines.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the present application, the conical inclined surface and/or the end face of the spray head are provided with a high-temperature resistant coating.

As another implementation in the embodiment of the present application, the nozzle further includes:

the connecting block is used for being connected with a combustion chamber shell of the gas turbine;

the first end of the air outlet pipe is connected with the connecting block, and the second end of the air outlet pipe is connected with the second end of the spray head;

the first end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the connecting block, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the air outlet pipe.

As another implementation in the embodiment of the present application, the nozzle further includes:

the first end of the overhaul pipe is connected with the connecting block, the overhaul pipe is communicated with the air outlet pipe, and the overhaul pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe;

and the plugging piece is used for plugging the second end of the overhaul pipe.

As another implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the air inlet pipe is provided with a filter.

As another implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the filter includes:

a filtering body;

at least one first filtering flow passage and at least one second filtering flow passage arranged on the filtering body; the first filtering flow passages and the second filtering flow passages are alternately arranged around the axial lead of the filtering body; each first filter flow passage extends from a first end to a second end of the filter body; each second filter flow passage extends from the second end of the filter body to the first end; the length of each first filtering flow passage and each second filtering flow passage is smaller than the length of the filtering body;

the adjacent first filtering flow passages and the second filtering flow passages are communicated through at least one communication flow passage, and each communication flow passage is arranged on the filtering body.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the application, the first end of the filtering body is provided with a first filtering groove, the first end of the filtering body is also provided with first notches corresponding to the first filtering flow passages one by one, and the first filtering groove is communicated with the corresponding first filtering flow passages through the first notches.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the present application, the second end of the filtering body is provided with a second filtering groove, the second end of the filtering body is further provided with a second notch corresponding to the second filtering flow channel one by one, and the second filtering groove is communicated with the corresponding second filtering flow channel through the second notch.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the present application, specifications of the first filtering groove and the second filtering groove are consistent, and internal threads are respectively provided in the first filtering groove and the second filtering groove.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the application, an included angle formed by the axial lead of the filtering body and the axial lead of each communication flow channel is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees.

As another implementation of the embodiment of the present application, a first end of each communication channel is used for being communicated with the first filtering channel, and a second end is used for being communicated with the second filtering channel; the distance from the center point of the first end of each communication flow channel to the first end of the filtering body is greater than the distance from the center point of the second end of each communication flow channel to the first end of the filtering body.

As another implementation mode of the embodiment of the application, the aperture of each spray hole is smaller than or equal to 4.0mm.

In a second aspect, the application proposes a gas turbine comprising a nozzle according to any one of the first aspects.

As another implementation mode of the embodiment of the application, the axial lead of the air outlet pipe is coincident with the axial lead of the flame tube.

As another implementation manner in the embodiment of the application, a supporting ring is formed on the outer side of the nozzle body, and the supporting ring is used for forming interference with the flame tube along the axial direction of the flame tube.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

according to the embodiment of the application, the sprayed fuel is distributed in a horn shape, the temperature distribution field generated by combustion after the fuel is sprayed from the spray hole can be improved, and the phenomenon that the spray nozzle is ablated at high temperature due to high temperature is avoided. By arranging the conical inclined surface and the end surface of the spray head at the first end of the spray head, the spray hole on the conical inclined surface can be close to the end surface of the spray head as much as possible, that is, the axial distance between the end surface of the spray head and a combustion high-temperature area is increased, and the spray head is further prevented from being ablated. According to the embodiment of the application, the end face of the spray head is a plane or a concave surface, so that the distance between the end face of the spray head and a combustion high-temperature area is further increased, and the ablation resistance effect of the spray head is improved. The nozzle provided by the embodiment of the application has a simpler structure, can bear larger supply pressure of the combustible gas, namely, can avoid the tempering phenomenon, and improves the full-working-condition stability of the gas turbine when the coke oven gas is used.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas turbine engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a spray head according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a spray head according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a spray head according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of yet another alternative spray head according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a filter element according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a filter element according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of fuel flow along a filter according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of parameters of a filter according to an embodiment of the present application.

In the figure: 1. a nozzle; 110. a connecting block; 120. an air outlet pipe; 130. an air inlet pipe; 140. a spray head; 141. a spray head body; 142. a conical inclined surface; 143. a spray hole; 144. an end face of the spray head; 145. a support ring; 146. a clamping ring; 150. a service pipe; 160. a blocking member; 170. a filter; 171. a filtering body; 172. a first notch; 173. a first filter flow path; 174. a second filter flow path; 175. a communicating flow passage; 176. a first filtering groove; 177. a second notch; 178. a second filtering groove; 2. a flame tube; 3. a combustion chamber housing; 4. and a combustion chamber inner shell.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, it should be understood that the dimensions of the various elements shown in the figures are not drawn to actual scale, e.g., the thickness or width of some layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers for ease of description.

It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined or illustrated in one figure, no further detailed discussion or description thereof will be necessary in the following description of the figures.

It should be clear that the main application scenario of the present application is a diffusion combustion scenario. Specifically, the diffusion combustion refers to a phenomenon in which a combustion reaction occurs while a combustible gas is sprayed from a nozzle, a pipe orifice, a container leakage orifice, or a nozzle 143 provided in the present application hereinafter, and the combustible gas is diffusion-mixed with oxygen in the air at the nozzle 143. In industrial production and daily life, many combustion processes belong to diffusion combustion, for example: combustion of household gas, combustion of automobile engines, and the like.

Specifically, in the diffusion combustion, if the velocity of the combustible gas leaving the nozzle 143 is equal to the combustion velocity, stable combustion, which we call normal combustion, can be formed outside the nozzle 143. If the speed of the combustible gas leaving the nozzle 143 is smaller than the combustion speed, the root of the combustion flame is positioned in the nozzle 143, and the combustion at the moment is unstable, and is often accompanied by deflagration sound and noise, so that the dynamic balance condition of the combustion is destroyed. The combustion occurring in the nozzle 143 is referred to as flashback. Tempering not only damages the combustion stability of the combustible gas, but also is extremely easy to damage the combustion apparatus.

It should be clear that in the context of diffusion combustion applications, the operating conditions of the gas turbine are mainly dependent on the amount of combustible gas emitted. When the gas turbine is in a high operation mode, a large amount of the combustible gas is required, that is, a high velocity of the combustible gas is required, and when the gas turbine is in a low operation mode, a small amount of the combustible gas is required, that is, a low velocity of the combustible gas is required. In this way, in the application scenario using coke oven gas as fuel, if the gas turbine is in a low working condition, the flame root is easily caused to be too close to the nozzle 140, and the nozzle 140 is ablated; heavy weight tends to cause flashback, damaging the showerhead 140.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application proposes a nozzle, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the nozzle 1 includes a nozzle head 140, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the nozzle head 140 includes a nozzle head body 141, and a first end of the nozzle head body 141 is formed with a tapered inclined surface 142 and a nozzle head end surface 144.

From the foregoing, for the fuel with a higher combustion speed, the root of the combustion flame is easy to approach the nozzle 140, and the closer the root of the combustion flame is to the nozzle 140, the more easily the nozzle 140 is ablated, reducing the service life of the nozzle 140. In a specific embodiment of the present application, to avoid the nozzle end face 144 of the nozzle 140 being close to the root of the combustion flame, the nozzle end face 144 may be designed to be planar, as shown in fig. 5 to 7. For the same reason, in another embodiment of the present application, the showerhead face 144 may also be designed to be concave, as shown in fig. 8.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the tapered inclined surface 142 is provided with a plurality of injection holes 143. The distance between the axis of each spray hole 143 and the axis of the spray head body 141 is gradually increased along the first direction from the spray head end surface 144. As shown in fig. 7, in the embodiment of the present application, a direction parallel to the axis of the head body 141, from the second end of the head body 141 toward the first end, is defined as a first direction (i.e., a G direction in fig. 7). The distance between the axis of the nozzle 143 and the axis of the nozzle body 141 is shown as distance n in fig. 7. Starting from the nozzle end surface 144, the distance between the axis of each nozzle 143 and the axis of the nozzle body 141 in the first direction gradually increases, which means that the distance n gradually increases. That is, each of the spray holes 143 is directed away from the axis of the spray head body 141 in the first direction.

It should be clear that, when the fuel is ejected from the nozzle 143, the movement direction of the fuel is parallel to the axis of the nozzle 143, as shown in fig. 7, and in the embodiment of the present application, the fuel gradually moves away from the axis of the nozzle body 141 after being ejected from the nozzle 143. In other words, after the fuel is ejected from the nozzle body 141, the fuel is dispersed in a horn shape, and the fuel is collected near the nozzle end surface 144 to burn, so that the burning temperature near the nozzle end surface 144 can be reduced during burning, and further, the nozzle end surface 144 is prevented from being ablated.

As shown in fig. 1, the gas turbine in the prior art includes a nozzle 1, a combustor basket 2, a combustor outer casing 3, and a combustor inner casing 4. The flame tube 2 is located in a space formed between the combustion chamber outer case 3 and the combustion chamber inner case 4, and the nozzle 1 extends into the flame tube 2. If the fuel injected from the nozzle 1 is inclined at a too large angle, the fuel tends to burn in the vicinity of the inner wall of the flame tube 2 and ablate the inner wall of the flame tube 2.

In one embodiment of the present application, to avoid ablating the inner wall of the flame tube 2, as shown in fig. 5-8, the individual orifices 143 are uniformly distributed about the axis of the nozzle body 141. An included angle formed by the axis of each nozzle 143 and the axis of the nozzle body 141 (i.e., an angle C in fig. 7) is 40 ° or more and 50 ° or less. Specifically, the angle C may be any one degree of 40 °, 41 °, 42 °, 43 °, 44 °, 45 °, 46 °, 47 °, 48 °, 49 ° and 50 °, or any degree between the adjacent two degrees.

It is clear that the fuel, when injected in a swirl, can increase combustion stability and improve the temperature field. In one embodiment of the present application, in order to enable swirl injection of fuel, the axis of the nozzle body 141 and the axis of the nozzle hole 143 are out-of-plane straight lines.

It should be clear that to avoid ablation of the spray head 140. In one embodiment of the application, a refractory coating may be provided on the tapered ramp 142 and/or the showerhead face 144. Specifically, the high temperature resistant coating can be a high temperature resistant ceramic coating or a high temperature resistant metal coating, etc. Because this is a mature prior art, it is not described in detail.

It is clear that the amount of the discharged fuel gas is equal to the discharge velocity of the fuel gas multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the nozzle 143. As can be seen from the foregoing, when the gas turbine is operated under a smaller condition, the required fuel gas injection amount is smaller. In order to ensure that the gas turbine also has a high ejection speed under a small working condition, the aperture of the nozzle 143 can be reduced. In a specific embodiment of the present application, the aperture of the orifice 143 is less than or equal to 4.0mm, and specifically, the aperture may be any one of 4.0mm, 3.9mm, 3.8mm, 3.7mm, 3.6mm and 3.5mm, or may be any aperture between the two adjacent apertures.

It is readily understood that the combustible gas ejection rate is directly proportional to the pressure of the combustible gas. That is, if the diameter of the nozzle hole 143 is reduced and the amount of the fuel gas to be discharged is kept constant, the fuel gas supply pressure of the gas turbine needs to be increased. It should be clear that, for a relatively complex structure of the nozzle, the relatively large supply pressure of the combustible gas may damage parts in the nozzle, for example: some of the nozzles contain a grid-type filter screen, or some of the nozzles are provided with more complex flow channels and the like. The structure of the showerhead 140 in the embodiment of the present application is simpler, and compared with the showerhead with a complex structure, the showerhead can bear a larger supply pressure of the combustible gas (the supply pressure of the combustible gas which can be borne by the showerhead in the prior art is 2.0MPa to 3.0MPa, and the supply pressure of the combustible gas which can be borne by the showerhead 140 in the embodiment of the present application is 3.5MPa to 4.0 MPa). The nozzle provided by the embodiment of the application can moderately improve the spraying speed of the combustible gas by properly improving the supply pressure of the combustible gas, thereby avoiding the occurrence of backfire phenomenon.

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the nozzle according to the embodiments of the present application is mainly applicable to gas turbines. In order to make the nozzle suitable for use in a gas turbine, the nozzle further includes a connection block 110, an outlet pipe 120, and an inlet pipe 130, as shown in fig. 1 to 4.

Specifically, the connection block 110 is used for connection with the combustor casing 3 of the gas turbine. The first end of the air outlet pipe 120 is connected with the connection block 110, and the second end of the air outlet pipe 120 is connected with the second end of the spray head 140. The first end of the air inlet pipe 130 is connected to the connection block 110, and the air inlet pipe 130 is communicated with the air outlet pipe 120. It should be clear that the main purpose of the connection block 110 is to fix the nozzle 1 as a whole to the combustion chamber housing 3 of the gas turbine, and that the connection block 110 may be of any shape configuration in the embodiment of the application. For example: the connection block 110 may be a rectangular block as shown in fig. 2 to 4, however, in other embodiments of the present application, the connection block 110 may be a circular block, a triangular block, a hexagonal block, or the like. The connection of the connection block 110 to the combustion chamber housing 3 of the gas turbine can also be varied, for example: as shown in fig. 1, the connection block 110 may, of course, be welded or riveted to the combustion chamber housing 3 of the gas turbine in other embodiments of the application.

It should be clear that in the embodiment of the application, the air inlet pipe 130 is located outside the combustion chamber housing 3, mainly for connection with a pipe for transporting fuel. In embodiments of the present application, air inlet 130 may be connected to a fuel delivery conduit in any configuration, such as: as shown in fig. 2 and 3, an external thread is provided at the outside of the intake pipe 130, and the intake pipe 130 is screw-coupled to a pipe for transporting fuel by the external thread. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the air inlet pipe 130 may also be connected to a fuel delivery pipe by a quick-snap-fit structure, for example: a gas pipeline quick connector or a pipe hoop, etc. The outlet pipe 120 extends to the inside of the combustion chamber housing 3, mainly for supplying fuel into the flame tube 2. It should be noted that in embodiments of the present application, the nozzle functions not only to deliver fuel, but also to support the burner tube 2. In order to make the nozzle 2 have better mechanical strength, in one embodiment of the present application, the connection block 110, the air outlet pipe 120 and the air inlet pipe 130 are integrally formed.

It should be appreciated that the connection between the second end of the outlet pipe 120 and the second end of the nozzle 140 may be varied in the embodiments of the present application, for example: the air outlet pipe 120 and the spray head 140 can be in threaded connection, welded, integrally formed, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 4, to facilitate removal and servicing of outlet tube 120 and spray head 140, in one embodiment of the present application outlet tube 120 is threaded with spray head 140. In order to prevent the screwed air outlet pipe 120 and the spray head 140 from loosening under the action of high pressure, a clamping ring 146 is further arranged on the air outlet pipe 120 and the spray head 140, and the clamping ring 146 is matched to prevent the air outlet pipe 120 and the spray head 140 from loosening through a clamp (not shown in the figure). It should be clear that, in the embodiment of the present application, the clamping ring 146 may be annular, or may be an annular structure formed by a plurality of annular protrusions as shown in fig. 5 and 6.

In one embodiment of the present application, the outlet 120 and inlet 130 pipes are serviced and maintained for ease of access. The nozzle further includes an access tube 150 and a blocking member 160, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, a first end of the access tube 150 is connected to the connection block 110, and the access tube 150 is connected to both the air outlet pipe 120 and the air inlet pipe 130. So that the use of the inside of the outlet pipe 120 and the inlet pipe 130 can be observed through the second end of the service pipe 150. In this embodiment, the blocking member 160 is used to block the second end of the service pipe 150, and if observation is required, the blocking member 160 is removed, otherwise, the blocking member 160 is installed on the second end of the service pipe 150.

It should be clear that in the embodiments of the present application, the blocking member 160 may be any component capable of blocking a pipe, for example: as shown in fig. 4, the closure 160 may be a plug. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the blocking member 160 may be a blind plate, a head, a plug, or the like.

It should be clear that during the fuel supply, abnormal particulate matter may be present, which makes combustion unstable in order to prevent the clogging of the injection holes 143. In one embodiment of the present application, the air intake pipe 130 is provided therein with a filter 170, and the filter 170 is mainly used for filtering fuel. It is to be readily understood that in embodiments of the present application, filter 170 may be any component having a filtering function, such as: a mesh filter screen or a ceramic foam filter screen.

As can be seen from the foregoing, in the embodiment of the present application, in order to secure the ejection speed of the combustible gas (i.e., fuel), it is necessary to reduce the aperture of the nozzle hole 143 and increase the supply pressure of the combustible gas. The larger supply pressure damages the mesh type filter screen or the foam type filter screen, causing the nozzle 143 to be blocked. To this end, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, the filter 170 includes a filter body 171. At least one first filtering flow path 173 and at least one second filtering flow path 174 are provided on the filtering body 171, and the first filtering flow path 173 and the second filtering flow path 174 are alternately arranged around the axis of the filtering body 171. In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 10, the number of the first filtering flow paths 173 and the second filtering flow paths 174 is 3.

It should be clear that in the embodiment of the present application, each first filtering flow path 173 extends from the first end to the second end of the filtering body 171; each of the second filter flow passages 174 extends from the second end to the first end of the filter body 171. As shown in fig. 10 to 13, in the present embodiment, the first filtering flow channels 173 each extend from the first end to the second end of the filtering body 171, that is, the first filtering flow channels 173 extend from the first end of the filtering body 171 to the second end; the second filtering flow paths 174 each extend from the second end of the filtering body 171 to the first end, which means that the second filtering flow paths 174 extend from the second end of the filtering body 171 to the second end. As shown in fig. 13, the first and second filter flow passages 173 and 174 have a length H, and the filter body 171 has a length H smaller than H. That is, the length of each of the first and second filtering flow passages 173 and 174 is smaller than the length of the filtering body 171. In other words, when the filter 170 is placed in the intake pipe 130, the fuel cannot pass through the first filter flow path 173 or the second filter flow path 174, and reaches the first end from the second end of the intake pipe 130.

In this embodiment, in order to provide the filter 170 with the function of delivering fuel and filtering the fuel, as shown in fig. 10 to 13, at least one communication channel 175 is required to be connected between the adjacent first filter channel 173 and second filter channel 174, and each communication channel 175 is provided on the filter body 171. As shown in fig. 12, the fuel at the second end of the intake pipe 130 enters the first filtering flow path 173, then enters the second filtering flow path 174 through the communicating flow path 175, and finally reaches the first end of the intake pipe 130 through the second filtering flow path 174. In the process, fuel may be filtered through the communication flow passage 175. It should be clear that in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 10 to 13, the communication flow passage 175 may be provided on the outer surface of the filter body 171, and in other embodiments of the present application, the communication flow passage 175 may be provided inside the filter body 171, as long as it can perform the filtering function.

In embodiments of the present application, the communication flow passage 175 may be of any shape and configuration, such as: the cross section of the communication flow passage 175 may be semicircular or triangular, etc. The diameter of the communication flow passage 175 may be set as desired, assuming that in one embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the injection hole 143 is 3.9mm, and in order to prevent abnormal particulate matter from blocking the injection hole 143, the cross section of the communication flow passage 175 may be semicircular in this embodiment, and the diameter of the semicircle is set to 2.0mm. Of course, in other embodiments of the application, the semi-circular diameter may be set to any diameter less than 3.9mm. However, it should be clear that the larger the diameter of the communication flow passage 175 is, the more easily the injection holes 143 are blocked, and the smaller the diameter of the communication flow passage 175 is, the more easily the communication flow passage 175 is blocked, resulting in insufficient fuel supply.

To prevent the number of communication flow passages 175 from being too small, one of the communication flow passages 175 is blocked, which may result in insufficient fuel supply. In one specific embodiment of the present application, the number of communication flow passages 175 may be set to three.

To prevent mixing of larger diameter particulates in the fuel, the communication flow passage 175 is blocked to cause fuel starvation. In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 10 to 13, a first filtering groove 176 is formed at a first end of the filtering body 171, and first notches 172 corresponding to the first filtering runners 173 one by one are further formed at the first end of the filtering body 171, and the first filtering groove 176 is communicated with the corresponding first filtering runners 173 through the first notches 172.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the route D is a flow path of the fuel in the filter 170. After reaching the first end of the filter body 171, the fuel enters the first filter flow passage 173 through the first notch 172. It should be clear that the fuel is diverted during the process of entering the first filtering flow path 173 from the first notch 172, and if the particle diameter is large, that is, the inertia of the particle is large, the particle is difficult to divert and is retained in the first filtering groove 176. Further, the communication flow passage 175 can be effectively prevented from being clogged with particles having a large diameter.

The various functions set forth above can be performed in order to allow the filter 170 to be installed in the intake duct 130 in any direction. In a specific embodiment of the present application, the second end of the filter body 171 is provided with a second filtering groove 178, the second end of the filter body 171 is further provided with second notches 177 in one-to-one correspondence with the second filtering runners 174, and the second filtering groove 178 is communicated with the corresponding second filtering runners 174 through the second notches 177. It should be appreciated that the second notch 177 may be of a size that is consistent with the size of the first notch 172, the second filter recess 178 may be of a size that is consistent with the size of the first filter recess 176, and the first filter recess 176 and the second filter recess 178 may be of a size that is consistent.

It is to be clear that in order to enable the fuel to flow according to the route D as shown in fig. 12. In a specific embodiment of the present application, the filter body 171 is interference-fitted with the air inlet pipe 130, that is, a gap formed between the outer wall of the filter body 171 and the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 130 is 0. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, to facilitate the removal and installation of the filter body 171, the filter body 171 and the air inlet pipe 130 may form a clearance fit. In an embodiment of the present application, the clearance fit means that there is a gap between the outer wall of the filter body 171 and the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 130, which may be any gap less than 0.2 mm.

If the filter body 171 is interference fit with the air inlet pipe 130 or the filter body 171 is clearance fit with the air inlet pipe 130, the clearance is blocked during long-term use, which makes it difficult to detach the filter body 171. In a specific embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate the disassembly of the filter body 171, the first filter recess 176 and the second filter recess 178 are each provided with internal threads (not shown). In order to detach the filter body 171, a detaching tool such as a bolt may be used to screw the first filter recess 176 or the second filter recess 178 in the filter body 171, thereby removing the filter body 171.

It should be noted that the axis of the communication flow passage 175 and the axis of the filter body 171 form a different-plane straight line. As shown in fig. 13, the included angle formed by the axial line of the filter body 171 and the axial line of each communication flow passage 175 is an angle E. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the angle E may be equal to 90 °. Of course, in other embodiments of the application, angle E may be any other angle. For example: the angle E may be greater than or equal to 30 ° and less than 90 °, specifically, the angle E may be any one of 30 °, 35 °, 40 °, 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, 65 °, 70 °, 75 °, 80 ° and 85 °, and of course, the angle E may also be any one of the two adjacent angles. When the angle E is equal to 90 ° and the angle E is equal to other degrees, the communication flow passage 175 is inclined, and the length of the inclined communication flow passage 175 is longer, so that the filtering effect obtained by the flow passage having a longer length is better than that obtained by the flow passage having a shorter length.

In order to provide a better filtering effect of the filtering element 170 according to the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 13, a first end of each communication flow passage 175 is used for being communicated with the first filtering flow passage 173, and a second end is used for being communicated with the second filtering flow passage 174; the distance from the center point of the first end of each communication flow passage 175 to the first end of the filter body 171 (i.e., the distance M in fig. 13) is greater than the distance from the center point of the second end of the communication flow passage 175 to the first end of the filter body 171 (i.e., the distance M in fig. 13). As shown in fig. 12, when the filter 170 in the present embodiment is used, it is preferable to vertically place the filter 170, that is, to make the intake pipe 130 vertically disposed when the design is performed. Specifically, as shown in the path D in fig. 12, during the process of flowing the fuel gas from the first filtering flow passage 173 to the second filtering flow passage 174 through the communicating flow passage 175, a sharp turn is required, and a part of the heavier particulate matters are retained in the first filtering flow passage 173 under the action of inertia and gravity, so that the filtering effect of the filtering member 170 is improved.

Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, the center point may be any point of the same concept in the first end of the communication flow channel 175 and the second end of the communication flow channel 175, for example: if the cross sections of the first end and the second end of the communication flow channel 175 are semicircular, the center point may be the center of the semicircle, the center of gravity, the center of mass, or the like.

It should be clear that in a specific embodiment of the present application, the angle C of the nozzle is 45 °, the number of the spray holes 143 is 12, and the aperture of each spray hole 143 is 3.9mm, as shown in fig. 1 to 7. Experiments prove that the nozzle can be operated on the gas turbine for 15000 hours in an accumulated way, and the generated energy is 3 hundred million degrees and is not ablated yet and can be used continuously.

According to the nozzle provided by the embodiment of the application, the sprayed fuel is distributed in a horn shape, so that the temperature distribution field generated by combustion after the fuel is sprayed from the spray hole can be improved, and the phenomenon that the spray head is ablated at a high temperature due to a high temperature is avoided. By arranging the conical inclined surface and the end surface of the spray head at the first end of the spray head, the spray hole on the conical inclined surface can be close to the end surface of the spray head as much as possible, that is, the axial distance between the end surface of the spray head and a combustion high-temperature area is increased, and the spray head is further prevented from being ablated. According to the embodiment of the application, the end face of the spray head is a plane or a concave surface, so that the distance between the end face of the spray head and a combustion high-temperature area is further increased, and the ablation resistance effect of the spray head is improved. The nozzle provided by the embodiment of the application has a simpler structure, can bear larger supply pressure of the combustible gas, namely, can avoid the tempering phenomenon, and improves the full-working-condition stability of the gas turbine when the coke oven gas is used.

Having described embodiments of the nozzles according to the present application, embodiments of the gas turbine according to the present application are described below.

In particular, the present application proposes an embodiment of a gas turbine comprising a nozzle according to any one of the embodiments described above.

As shown in fig. 1, the nozzle 1 needs to bear axial aerodynamic force generated during operation of the flame tube 2 during use, and in order to avoid damage to the nozzle 1 due to stress along the radial direction of the nozzle, in one embodiment of the present application, the axis of the air outlet pipe 120 coincides with the axis of the flame tube 2.

As shown in fig. 5 to 8, in order that the nozzle 1 can generate a sufficient axial supporting force with the flame tube 2, a supporting ring 145 is formed on the outer side of the nozzle body 141, and the supporting ring 145 is used to form interference with the flame tube 2 in the axial direction of the flame tube 2.

According to the gas turbine provided by the embodiment of the application, the sprayed fuel is distributed in a horn shape, so that the temperature distribution field generated by combustion after the fuel is sprayed from the spray hole can be improved, and the phenomenon that the spray nozzle is ablated at a high temperature due to a high temperature is avoided. By arranging the conical inclined surface and the end surface of the spray head at the first end of the spray head, the spray hole on the conical inclined surface can be close to the end surface of the spray head as much as possible, that is, the axial distance between the end surface of the spray head and a combustion high-temperature area is increased, and the spray head is further prevented from being ablated. According to the embodiment of the application, the end face of the spray head is a plane or a concave surface, so that the distance between the end face of the spray head and a combustion high-temperature area is further increased, and the ablation resistance effect of the spray head is improved. The nozzle provided by the embodiment of the application has a simpler structure, can bear larger supply pressure of the combustible gas, namely, can avoid the tempering phenomenon, and improves the full-working-condition stability of the gas turbine when the coke oven gas is used.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A nozzle comprising a nozzle head (140), characterized in that the nozzle head (140) comprises a nozzle head body (141), a first end of the nozzle head body (141) being formed with a conical inclined surface (142) and a nozzle head end surface (144); the end face (144) of the spray head is a plane or a concave surface; the conical inclined surface (142) is provided with a plurality of spray holes (143); the distance between the axis of each spray hole (143) and the axis of the spray head body (141) is gradually increased along a first direction from the end face (144) of the spray head; the first direction is parallel to the axis of the spray head body (141), and the second end of the spray head body (141) points to the first end.

2. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein each nozzle orifice (143) is evenly distributed about an axis of the spray head body (141); an included angle formed by the axial lead of each spray hole (143) and the axial lead of the spray head body (141) is more than or equal to 40 degrees and less than or equal to 50 degrees.

3. The nozzle according to claim 2, wherein the axis of the nozzle body (141) and the axis of the nozzle hole (143) are different-plane straight lines.

4. The nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that the conical chamfer (142) and/or the spray head end face (144) are provided with a high temperature resistant coating.

5. The nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:

a connection block (110) for connection to a combustion chamber housing (3) of a gas turbine;

the air outlet pipe (120) is connected with the connecting block (110) at the first end and connected with the second end of the spray head (140) at the second end;

the first end of the air inlet pipe (130) is connected with the connecting block (110), and the air inlet pipe (130) is communicated with the air outlet pipe (120).

6. The nozzle of claim 5, further comprising:

the first end of the overhaul pipe (150) is connected with the connecting block (110), the overhaul pipe (150) is communicated with the air outlet pipe (120), and the overhaul pipe (150) is communicated with the air inlet pipe (130);

and a blocking piece (160) for blocking the second end of the service pipe (150).

7. A nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that a filter (170) is provided in the inlet pipe (130).

8. A gas turbine comprising a nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The gas turbine of claim 8, wherein the axis of the outlet duct (120) coincides with the axis of the liner (2).

10. The gas turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that a supporting ring (145) is formed on the outer side of the nozzle body (141), the supporting ring (145) being adapted to form an interference with the liner (2) in the axial direction of the liner (2).