CN116839011A - Coal-fired generator set and method for coupling fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system - Google Patents

Coal-fired generator set and method for coupling fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116839011A
CN116839011A CN202310601678.4A CN202310601678A CN116839011A CN 116839011 A CN116839011 A CN 116839011A CN 202310601678 A CN202310601678 A CN 202310601678A CN 116839011 A CN116839011 A CN 116839011A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
steam
heat storage
fused salt
tank
salt
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Pending
Application number
CN202310601678.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高明
王顺
何锁盈
贾振国
赵广强
管洪军
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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Priority to CN202310601678.4A priority Critical patent/CN116839011A/en
Publication of CN116839011A publication Critical patent/CN116839011A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • F22B33/185Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus in combination with a steam accumulator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/006Layout of treatment plant
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D2020/0047Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a coal-fired power unit coupling a fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system, which comprises a coal-fired unit, a fused salt heat storage system, a carbon capture system and a steam heat storage tank, wherein the fused salt heat storage system comprises a hot melt salt tank, a cold melt salt tank and a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is arranged between the hot melt salt tank and the cold melt salt tank; a steam heat storage tank is arranged between the molten salt heat storage system and the carbon capture system; in the heat storage process of the fused salt heat storage system, reheat steam of the coal-fired unit exchanges heat with fused salt in the cold-melt salt tank, and the exothermic steam enters a reboiler of the carbon capture system after passing through the steam heat storage tank to provide energy for regeneration of carbon dioxide; when the steam quantity exceeds a set value, the steam heat storage tank plays roles of buffering and controlling the steam flow, so that the steam quantity entering the reboiler is always in a reasonable range.

Description

Coal-fired generator set and method for coupling fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal-fired power generation sets, and relates to a coal-fired power generation set and a method for coupling a fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
At present, renewable energy sources are rapidly developed, grid-connected power generation of large-scale renewable energy sources enables stability of a power grid to be affected, and the power grid has further improved requirements on flexibility of a coal-fired power plant. The molten salt heat storage is one of the effective methods for improving the flexibility of coal-fired power plants at present, and the working principle is as follows: when the power generation amount of the power plant is higher than the demand amount of the power grid, extracting a part of high-temperature steam to heat molten salt, and transferring the energy in the high-temperature steam into the molten salt so as to reduce the power generation load of the power plant; when the power generation amount of the power plant is lower than the demand amount of the power grid, the heat stored in the molten salt is used for the power generation of the coal-fired power plant.
In addition, the clean utilization of fossil energy is still important while renewable energy is greatly developed, so that the addition of the carbon dioxide capturing system on the coal-fired unit has important significance. The principle of the conventional carbon capture system is as follows: and cooling and pressurizing the flue gas subjected to desulfurization and denitrification, then entering an absorption tower, preheating the absorption liquid absorbing carbon dioxide, entering an analysis tower, separating the absorption liquid from the carbon dioxide under a certain temperature condition, and flowing out and compressing the high-concentration carbon dioxide from the upper part of the analysis tower. The separated absorption liquid enters an absorption tower to complete circulation.
The main energy consumption in the carbon capture system is the regeneration energy consumption in the reboiler of the analytical tower, and in the heat storage process of the fused salt heat storage system, the temperature of the high-temperature steam after heat release of the cold fused salt is still higher because of the high melting point of the fused salt, and if the high-temperature steam is directly introduced into a condenser, the energy waste can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a coal-fired power generation unit and a method for coupling a fused salt heat storage system and a carbon capture system.
According to some embodiments, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a coal-fired generating set of coupling fused salt heat accumulation and carbon entrapment system, includes coal-fired unit, fused salt heat accumulation system, carbon entrapment system and steam heat storage jar, wherein:
the molten salt heat storage system comprises a hot melt salt tank, a cold melt salt tank and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged between the hot melt salt tank and the cold melt salt tank;
a steam heat storage tank is arranged between the molten salt heat storage system and the carbon capture system;
in the heat storage process of the fused salt heat storage system, reheat steam of the coal-fired unit exchanges heat with fused salt in the cold-melt salt tank, and the exothermic steam enters a reboiler of the carbon capture system after passing through the steam heat storage tank to provide energy for regeneration of carbon dioxide;
when the steam quantity exceeds a set value, the steam heat storage tank plays roles of buffering and controlling the steam flow, so that the steam quantity entering the reboiler is always in a reasonable range.
As an alternative implementation mode, a molten salt-water heat exchanger is arranged on a pipeline of the hot molten salt tank, which is communicated with the cold molten salt tank, and a molten salt-steam heat exchanger is arranged on a pipeline of the cold molten salt tank, which is communicated with the hot molten salt tank.
As an alternative embodiment, the steam heat storage tank is arranged between the molten salt-steam heat exchanger and a reboiler of the carbon capture system.
Alternatively, the condensed water at the outlet of the reboiler enters the deaerator.
As an alternative embodiment, the boiler of the coal-fired unit is connected to the molten salt-steam heat exchanger.
As an alternative embodiment, the boiler is connected with a high pressure cylinder and a medium pressure cylinder.
Further, the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the reboiler.
The working method based on the coal-fired power generating unit comprises the following steps of:
when the load reduction operation is required, if the steam quantity flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger is insufficient to supply the regeneration energy consumption requirement of a reboiler of the carbon capture system, the extracted steam of the reheat steam flows out of the boiler and enters the fused salt-steam heat exchanger to exchange heat with the fused salt flowing out of the cold fusion salt tank, the fused salt after heat absorption flows into the hot fused salt tank, and the reheat steam after heat release is introduced into the steam heat storage tank and then into the reboiler;
if the steam quantity flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger is larger than the regeneration energy consumption requirement for supplying the reboiler of the carbon capture system, the steam heat storage tank stores excessive steam, the steam is stopped from being extracted from the medium-pressure cylinder steam exhaust to supply energy to the reboiler, the reboiler is only supplied with energy by the steam flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger, and after the heat storage process is finished, the steam heat storage tank releases the steam again to supply energy to the reboiler.
As an alternative embodiment, when the load-raising operation is required or the load-changing operation is not performed, the hot molten salt flowing out of the hot molten salt tank exchanges heat with the water supply flowing out of the water supply pump, the exothermic molten salt enters the cold molten salt tank, and the water supply after heat absorption enters the boiler.
As a further alternative, the regeneration energy consumption in the carbon capture system is only provided by the exhaust of the medium pressure cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the steam energy generated after heat release in the fused salt-steam heat exchanger in the heat storage process is used for supplying energy to the reboiler in the carbon capture system, so that the reheat steam energy for heat storage is fully utilized.
According to the invention, a steam heat storage tank is added between a molten salt heat storage system and a carbon capture system: when the steam quantity flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger is too large, the steam heat storage tank can play a role in buffering and controlling the steam flow, so that the steam quantity entering the reboiler is always in a reasonable range.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
wherein: 1 is a boiler, 2 is a high-pressure cylinder, 3 is a medium-pressure cylinder, 4 and 5 are low-pressure cylinders, 6 is a condenser, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are low-pressure heaters, 11 is a deaerator, 12, 13 and 14 are high-pressure heaters, 15 is a small turbine, 16 is a hot-melt salt tank, 17 is a cold-melt salt tank, 18 is a molten salt-steam heat exchanger, 19 is a molten salt-water supply heat exchanger, 20, 21 and 22 are heat exchangers, 23 is an absorption tower, 24 is a rich liquid pump, 26 is a lean liquid pump, 27 is a resolution tower, 25, 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 are heat exchangers, 33 is a fan, 34 is a generator, 35 is a condensate pump, 36 is a feed water pump, 37 is a reboiler and 38 is a steam heat storage tank.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
A coal-fired unit with a carbon capture system and a fused salt heat storage system coupled comprises a coal-fired unit, a hot-melt salt tank, a cold-melt salt tank, a heat exchanger, a steam heat storage tank and a carbon capture system. In the heat storage process of the fused salt heat storage system, reheat steam of the coal-fired unit exchanges heat with fused salt in the cold-melt salt tank, the exothermic steam enters a reboiler of the carbon capture system to provide energy for regeneration of carbon dioxide, and condensate water at an outlet of the reboiler enters the deaerator.
The exothermic steam is led to a reboiler in the carbon capture system, and a steam heat storage tank is added between the fused salt-steam heat exchanger and the reboiler, so that the heat storage tank can play a role in buffering when the flow of the exothermic steam is overlarge, and the energy of the steam in the fused salt heat storage process can be fully utilized.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the coal-fired power plant needs to be operated with a reduced load:
i. the heat storage time is long and the amount of steam flowing out of the molten salt-steam heat exchanger 18 is insufficient to supply the regeneration energy consumption requirement of the carbon capture system reboiler. The extracted steam of the reheat steam flows out of the boiler 1 and enters the molten salt-steam heat exchanger 18 to exchange heat with the molten salt flowing out of the cold molten salt tank 17, the molten salt after heat absorption flows into the hot molten salt tank 16, the reheat steam after heat release still has higher temperature, if the reheat steam directly enters the condenser 6 to release heat, a large amount of exergy loss is caused, so the reheat steam is introduced into the steam heat storage tank 38 and then into the reboiler 37, the energy is provided for the regeneration of carbon dioxide in the analysis tower 27, the liquid water is formed after heat release, and finally the liquid water enters the deaerator 11. Since the steam introduced into the reboiler in this case does not meet the demand for regeneration energy, it is necessary to extract steam from the exhaust steam of the medium pressure tank 3, introduce it into the reboiler 37, and supply energy to the reboiler 37 together with the steam flowing out of the steam heat storage tank 38.
The heat storage time is short, and the steam quantity flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger is larger than the regeneration energy consumption requirement of a reboiler of a carbon capture system. Unlike regime i, the amount of steam exiting the molten salt-steam heat exchanger 18 is greater than the amount of steam required by reboiler 37. In this case, the steam heat storage tank 38 will store excess steam. At the same time, the extraction of steam from the medium pressure cylinder 3 discharge is stopped to power the reboiler, which is only powered by the steam flowing out of the molten salt-steam heat exchanger 18. When the heat storage process is finished, the steam heat storage tank 38 releases steam again to supply energy for the reboiler 37. The steam heat storage tank 38 serves as a buffer during the entire heat storage process so that the energy of the steam flowing from the molten salt-steam heat exchanger 18 is fully utilized.
When the coal-fired power plant needs to be operated in a load-lifting mode or is not operated in a load-changing mode:
the hot molten salt flowing out of the hot molten salt tank 16 exchanges heat with the feed water flowing out of the feed water pump 36 in the molten salt-feed water heat exchanger 19, the exothermic molten salt enters the cold molten salt tank 17, and the feed water after heat absorption enters the boiler 1, in which case the regeneration energy consumption in the carbon capture system is provided only by the exhaust steam of the medium pressure cylinder 3.
Other connection relationships may be achieved by using the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
In summary, in the embodiment, the steam energy generated after heat release in the fused salt-steam heat exchanger in the heat storage process is utilized to supply energy to a reboiler in the carbon capture system, so that the reheat steam energy for heat storage is fully utilized.
Adding a steam heat storage tank between the molten salt heat storage system and the carbon capture system: when the steam quantity flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger is too large, the steam heat storage tank can play a role in buffering and controlling the steam flow, so that the steam quantity entering the reboiler is always in a reasonable range.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a coal-fired generating set of coupling fused salt heat accumulation and carbon entrapment system which characterized in that includes coal-fired unit, fused salt heat accumulation system, carbon entrapment system and steam heat storage jar, wherein:
the molten salt heat storage system comprises a hot melt salt tank, a cold melt salt tank and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged between the hot melt salt tank and the cold melt salt tank;
a steam heat storage tank is arranged between the molten salt heat storage system and the carbon capture system;
in the heat storage process of the fused salt heat storage system, reheat steam of the coal-fired unit exchanges heat with fused salt in the cold-melt salt tank, and the exothermic steam enters a reboiler of the carbon capture system after passing through the steam heat storage tank to provide energy for regeneration of carbon dioxide;
when the steam quantity exceeds a set value, the steam heat storage tank plays roles of buffering and controlling the steam flow, so that the steam quantity entering the reboiler is always in a reasonable range.
2. The coal-fired power generation unit coupled with a fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fused salt-water heat exchanger is arranged on a pipeline of the hot fused salt tank, which is connected with a cold fused salt tank, and a fused salt-steam heat exchanger is arranged on a pipeline of the cold fused salt tank, which is connected with the hot fused salt tank.
3. The coal-fired power generation unit coupled with a fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the steam heat storage tank is arranged between the fused salt-steam heat exchanger and a reboiler of the carbon capture system.
4. The coal-fired power generation unit coupled with a fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein condensed water at the outlet of the reboiler enters the deaerator.
5. The coal-fired power generation unit coupled with a fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a boiler of the coal-fired power generation unit is connected with the fused salt-steam heat exchanger.
6. The coal-fired power generation unit coupled with the fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the boiler is connected with a high pressure cylinder and a medium pressure cylinder.
7. The coal-fired power generation unit coupled with a molten salt heat storage and carbon capture system of claim 6, wherein the medium pressure cylinder is connected with the reboiler.
8. A method of operating a coal-fired power unit according to any of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
when the load reduction operation is required, if the steam quantity flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger is insufficient to supply the regeneration energy consumption requirement of a reboiler of the carbon capture system, the extracted steam of the reheat steam flows out of the boiler and enters the fused salt-steam heat exchanger to exchange heat with the fused salt flowing out of the cold fusion salt tank, the fused salt after heat absorption flows into the hot fused salt tank, and the reheat steam after heat release is introduced into the steam heat storage tank and then into the reboiler;
if the steam quantity flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger is larger than the regeneration energy consumption requirement for supplying the reboiler of the carbon capture system, the steam heat storage tank stores excessive steam, the steam is stopped from being extracted from the medium-pressure cylinder steam exhaust to supply energy to the reboiler, the reboiler is only supplied with energy by the steam flowing out of the fused salt-steam heat exchanger, and after the heat storage process is finished, the steam heat storage tank releases the steam again to supply energy to the reboiler.
9. The working method of claim 8, wherein when the load-lifting operation is required or the load-changing operation is not performed, the hot molten salt flowing out of the hot molten salt tank exchanges heat with the water supply flowing out of the water supply pump, the exothermic molten salt enters the cold molten salt tank, and the water supply after heat absorption enters the boiler.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the regeneration energy consumption in the carbon capture system is provided solely by exhaust steam from the medium pressure cylinder.
CN202310601678.4A 2023-05-24 2023-05-24 Coal-fired generator set and method for coupling fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system Pending CN116839011A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310601678.4A CN116839011A (en) 2023-05-24 2023-05-24 Coal-fired generator set and method for coupling fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310601678.4A CN116839011A (en) 2023-05-24 2023-05-24 Coal-fired generator set and method for coupling fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116839011A true CN116839011A (en) 2023-10-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310601678.4A Pending CN116839011A (en) 2023-05-24 2023-05-24 Coal-fired generator set and method for coupling fused salt heat storage and carbon capture system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116839011A (en)

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