CN116837242A - Preparation process of silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material - Google Patents
Preparation process of silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN116837242A CN116837242A CN202310374921.3A CN202310374921A CN116837242A CN 116837242 A CN116837242 A CN 116837242A CN 202310374921 A CN202310374921 A CN 202310374921A CN 116837242 A CN116837242 A CN 116837242A
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- tungsten carbide
- powder
- silver
- contact material
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- UYKQQBUWKSHMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver tungsten Chemical compound [Ag][W][W] UYKQQBUWKSHMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 so that diffusion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/18—Non-metallic particles coated with metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
- B22F3/164—Partial deformation or calibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/23—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces involving a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis or reaction sintering step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0233—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing carbides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
- B22F3/164—Partial deformation or calibration
- B22F2003/166—Surface calibration, blasting, burnishing, sizing, coining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of a silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material, which comprises the following steps: the plasma ball milling of tungsten powder and graphite powder promotes the tissue refinement, alloying, activity activation, chemical combination reaction, acceleration of in-situ gas-solid phase reaction and the like of the powder, can greatly improve the ball milling efficiency, remarkably reduce ball milling pollution, and form a unique structure to remarkably improve the performance of the material. Adding silver-coated graphite powder prepared by a chemical coating process, performing plasma ball milling, sintering the powder into particles, pressing the particles into pressed blanks, putting the pressed blanks into a degreasing furnace protected by an ammonia decomposition atmosphere to remove a pressed blank forming agent, carbonizing the degreased pressed blanks in a hydrogen atmosphere, and putting the carbonized pressed blanks into a sintering furnace protected by the ammonia decomposition atmosphere to perform sintering and re-pressing. The silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of higher metallographic structure uniformity and dispersivity, fewer structure air hole defects and better product bonding strength and flexural strength than those of the conventional process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric contact materials, and particularly relates to a silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The electric contact is a contact element of an electric switch, an instrument and the like and mainly plays roles of switching on and off a circuit and loading current. Silver-based electrical contact materials are the most widely used and most widely used types of materials for making electrical contacts. Silver tungsten carbide graphite is a special electric contact material and has the advantages of arc erosion resistance, fusion welding resistance, oxidation resistance and the like. However, because of the difference of melting points and physical properties of the main components, the alloy cannot be manufactured by adopting an infiltration or extrusion process and can only be manufactured by adopting a powder metallurgy method. The metallographic structure of the contact produced by the method is easy to have pores, and a plurality of silver-rich areas are formed, so that the overall resistance of the product is high, and the conductivity is reduced. The metallographic structure has more gaps, and the product has lower flexural strength, so that the electrical performance is insufficient.
Therefore, the production of silver tungsten carbide graphite products with excellent burning resistance is a long-standing problem in the industry, and the problem also limits the further improvement of the electrical life performance of the electrical appliance to a great extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a silver tungsten carbide graphite electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof. The structure refinement, alloying, activity activation, chemical combination reaction, acceleration of in-situ gas-solid phase reaction and the like of the powder are promoted by the plasma ball milling of tungsten powder and graphite powder, so that the ball milling efficiency can be greatly improved, the ball milling pollution is remarkably reduced, a unique structure is formed, and the performance of the material is remarkably improved. The ball mill well overcomes the defects of insufficient energy, low ball milling efficiency, insufficient grinding fineness, insufficient uniformity of mixing, low alloying degree, easiness in introducing impurities and the like, high-activity particles (ions, electrons, atoms and molecules in an excited state, free radicals and the like) of plasma are easy to adsorb with other substances and cause the activity of the surface of a material to be improved, and fresh surfaces and a large number of defects introduced by mechanical ball milling further enhance the activity of ball milling powder, so that diffusion, phase change and chemical reaction are very easy to carry out. Then adding the silver graphite powder prepared by the chemical coating process, and ball milling and mixing uniformly; the original refined tungsten powder and graphite powder are subjected to carbonization reaction to generate tungsten carbide. Sintering and re-pressing the silver graphite powder and the tungsten carbide prepared by the chemical coating process at high temperature to prepare a finished product; the uniformity and the dispersivity of the metallographic structure are higher, the defects of structure air holes are fewer, and the bonding strength and the flexural strength of the product are superior to those of the conventional process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding tungsten powder and graphite powder into a plasma ball mill for ball milling;
s2, adding silver-coated graphite powder prepared by a chemical coating process into the plasma ball mill in the step S1, and continuing ball milling to obtain plasma ball milled powder;
s3, grinding the plasma ball obtained in the step S2 into powder at a high temperature, and granulating;
s4, pressing the powder particles obtained in the step S3 into a pressed compact;
s5, carbonizing the pressed blank obtained in the step S4 in a hydrogen atmosphere to generate tungsten carbide, so as to obtain a tungsten carbide pressed blank;
s6, placing the tungsten carbide pressed blank obtained in the step S5 into a hydrogen atmosphere sintering device for sintering to obtain a primary sintering pressed blank;
s7, shaping the primary sintering blank pressing pressure obtained in the step S6 to obtain a shaped blank pressing;
s8, sintering the shaped blank obtained in the step S7 in a hydrogen atmosphere sintering device to obtain a secondary sintering blank;
s9, re-pressing the secondary sintering pressed blank obtained in the step S8 to obtain the silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material.
Preferably, in the step S1, the mass ratio of the tungsten powder to the graphite powder is 15-15.4:1.
Preferably, in the step S1, the rotating speed of the plasma ball mill is 800-1200rpm, the discharge voltage is 6-10kV, the discharge frequency is 20-40kHz, the ball milling time is 1-10h, and the ball-material ratio is 1-10:1.
Preferably, in the step S2, the rotating speed of the plasma ball mill is 800-1200rpm, the discharge voltage is 6-8kV, the discharge frequency is 20-30kHz, the ball milling time is 10min-1h, and the ball-material ratio is 1-3:1.
Preferably, in the step S3, the powder baking temperature is as follows: the temperature is 600-800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-3h, the powder burning atmosphere is hydrogen, and the granularity is 20-60 meshes.
Preferably, in the step S5, the carbonization temperature is 850-920 ℃, the carbonization atmosphere is hydrogen, and the carbonization time is 6-15h.
Preferably, in the step S6, the sintering temperature is 900-940 ℃, the sintering atmosphere is hydrogen, and the heat preservation time is as follows: 4-8h.
Preferably, in the step S7, the back pressure is 6-9T/cm 2 。
Preferably, in the step S8, the secondary sintering temperature is 880-920 ℃, the sintering atmosphere is hydrogen, and the heat preservation time is as follows: 4-8h.
Preferably, in the step S9, the back pressure is 12-14T/cm.
The silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material prepared by the preparation method.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the plasma ball milling of tungsten powder and graphite powder promotes the structure refinement, alloying, activity activation, chemical combination reaction, acceleration of in-situ gas-solid phase reaction and the like of the powder, can greatly improve the ball milling efficiency, remarkably reduce ball milling pollution, and forms a unique structure to remarkably improve the performance of the material. The ball mill well overcomes the defects of insufficient energy, low ball milling efficiency, insufficient grinding fineness, insufficient uniformity of mixing, low alloying degree, easiness in introducing impurities and the like, high-activity particles (ions, electrons, atoms and molecules in an excited state, free radicals and the like) of plasma are easy to adsorb with other substances and cause the activity of the surface of a material to be improved, and fresh surfaces and a large number of defects introduced by mechanical ball milling further enhance the activity of ball milling powder, so that diffusion, phase change and chemical reaction are very easy to carry out. Adding the silver graphite powder prepared by the chemical coating process, and uniformly mixing; the original refined tungsten powder and graphite powder are subjected to carbonization reaction to generate tungsten carbide. Sintering and re-pressing the silver graphite powder and the tungsten carbide prepared by the chemical coating process at high temperature to prepare a finished product; the uniformity and the dispersivity of the metallographic structure are higher, the defects of structure air holes are fewer, and the bonding strength and the flexural strength of the product are superior to those of the conventional process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that it is within the scope of the invention to one skilled in the art to obtain other drawings from these drawings without inventive faculty.
FIG. 1 is a process route diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the metallurgical structure of AgWC12C3 contact material prepared by the conventional method (a) and the preparation method of example 1 (b);
fig. 3 is a comparison of the metallographic structures of the AgWC27C3 contact materials prepared by the conventional method (a) and the preparation method of example 2 (b).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Example 1
A preparation method of a silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material comprises the following steps:
a. preparing 12kg of tungsten powder and graphite powder according to a mass ratio of 15.2:1;
b. adding tungsten powder and graphite powder into a plasma ball mill for ball milling, wherein the granularity of the tungsten powder is as follows: 1um; plasma ball milling parameters: the rotation speed of the vibrating motor is 1200rpm, the discharge voltage is 10kV, the discharge frequency is 40kHz, the ball milling time is 10 hours, and the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1;
c. adding the silver-coated graphite powder prepared by the chemical coating process into a plasma ball mill, and preparing 88kg of silver-coated graphite powder by using silver and graphite according to a chemical mode in a ratio of 96.6:3.4, wherein the plasma ball milling parameters are as follows: the rotation speed of the vibrating motor is 1200rpm, the discharge voltage is 7kV, the discharge frequency is 30kHz, the ball milling time is 1h, and the ball-to-material ratio is 1:1;
d. granulating the plasma ball mill powder; powder burning temperature: 700 ℃, sintering atmosphere hydrogen and heat preservation time: 1.5h;
e. pressing the powder particles subjected to powder sintering and granulating and the granulated silver powder into a pressed compact;
f. carbonizing the blank pressing without the forming agent in a hydrogen atmosphere to generate tungsten carbide; carbonization parameters: the carbonization temperature is 850 ℃, the carbonization atmosphere is hydrogen, and the carbonization time is as follows: 10h;
g. sintering the pressed compact at high temperature in hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: sintering temperature 930 ℃, sintering atmosphere hydrogen and sintering time: 7h;
h. pressing the sintered compact to 8T/cm 2 Shaping;
i. sintering the shaped pressed compact at high temperature in hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: sintering temperature 900 ℃, sintering atmosphere hydrogen and sintering time: 7h;
j. pressing the secondary sintered compact to 12T/cm 2 And (5) re-pressing to obtain the AgWC12C3 contact material.
Fig. 2 is a comparison of the metallographic structure of the AgWC12C3 contact material prepared by the conventional method and the preparation method of example 1.
Example 2
A preparation method of a silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material comprises the following steps:
a. 27kg of tungsten powder and graphite powder are prepared according to the mass ratio of 15.3:1;
b. adding tungsten powder and graphite powder into a plasma ball mill for ball milling, wherein the granularity of the tungsten powder is as follows: 3um; plasma ball milling parameters: the rotation speed of the vibrating motor is 800rpm, the discharge voltage is 6kV, the discharge frequency is 20kHz, the ball milling time is 1h, and the ball-to-material ratio is 10:1;
c. adding the silver-coated graphite powder prepared by the chemical coating process into a plasma ball mill, and preparing 73kg of silver-coated graphite powder by silver and graphite according to the ratio of 95.9:4.1, wherein the plasma ball milling parameters are as follows: the rotation speed of the vibrating motor is 1200rpm, the discharge voltage is 6kV, the discharge frequency is 20kHz, the ball milling time is 1h, and the ball-to-material ratio is 3:1;
d. granulating the plasma ball mill powder; powder burning temperature: sintering atmosphere hydrogen at 800 ℃ for heat preservation time: 2h;
e. pressing the powder particles subjected to powder sintering and granulating and the granulated silver powder into a pressed compact;
f. carbonizing the blank pressing without the forming agent in a hydrogen atmosphere to generate tungsten carbide; carbonization parameters: carbonization temperature 920 ℃, carbonization atmosphere is hydrogen, carbonization time: 10h;
g. sintering the pressed compact at high temperature in hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: sintering temperature is 940 ℃, sintering atmosphere hydrogen is adopted, and sintering time is as follows: 7h;
h. pressing the sintered compact to 9T/cm 2 Shaping;
i. sintering the shaped pressed compact at high temperature in hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: sintering temperature 920 ℃, sintering atmosphere hydrogen and sintering time: 7h;
j. pressing the secondary sintered compact to 13T/cm 2 And (5) re-pressing to obtain the AgWC27C3 contact material.
Fig. 3 is a comparison of the metallographic structure of the AgWC27C3 contact material prepared by the conventional method and the preparation method of example 2.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, adding tungsten powder and graphite powder into a plasma ball mill for ball milling;
s2, adding silver-coated graphite powder prepared by a chemical coating process into the plasma ball mill in the step S1, and continuing ball milling to obtain plasma ball milled powder;
s3, sintering the plasma ball powder obtained in the step S2 at a high temperature, and granulating;
s4, pressing the powder particles obtained in the step S3 into a pressed compact;
s5, carbonizing the pressed blank obtained in the step S4 in a hydrogen atmosphere to generate tungsten carbide, so as to obtain a tungsten carbide pressed blank;
s6, placing the tungsten carbide pressed blank obtained in the step S5 into a hydrogen atmosphere sintering device for sintering to obtain a primary sintering pressed blank;
s7, shaping the primary sintering blank pressing pressure obtained in the step S6 to obtain a shaped blank pressing;
s8, sintering the shaped blank obtained in the step S7 in a hydrogen atmosphere sintering device to obtain a secondary sintering blank;
s9, re-pressing the secondary sintering pressed blank obtained in the step S8 to obtain the silver tungsten carbide graphite contact material.
2. The method for preparing a silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the mass ratio of tungsten powder to graphite powder is 15-15.4:1.
3. The method for preparing the silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the rotating speed of the plasma ball mill is 800-1200rpm, the discharge voltage is 6-10kV, the discharge frequency is 20-40kHz, the ball milling time is 1-10h, and the ball-material ratio is 1-10:1.
4. The method for preparing the silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the rotating speed of the plasma ball mill is 800-1200rpm, the discharge voltage is 6-8kV, the discharge frequency is 20-30kHz, the ball milling time is 10min-1h, and the ball-material ratio is 1-3:1.
5. The method for preparing a silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the powder firing temperature is as follows: the temperature is 600-800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-3h, the powder burning atmosphere is hydrogen, and the granularity is 20-60 meshes.
6. The method for preparing a silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the carbonization temperature is 850-920 ℃, the carbonization atmosphere is hydrogen, and the carbonization time is 6-15h.
7. The method for preparing a silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the sintering temperature is 900 ℃ to 940 ℃, the sintering atmosphere is hydrogen, and the heat preservation time is as follows: 4-8h.
8. The method for preparing a silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S7, the back pressure is 6-9T/cm 2 。
9. The method for preparing a silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S8, the secondary sintering temperature is 880-920 ℃, the sintering atmosphere is hydrogen, and the heat preservation time is as follows: 4-8h.
10. The method for preparing a silver-tungsten carbide graphite contact material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S9, the back pressure is 12-14T/cm 2 。
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