CN116832018A - Application of naphthoquinone compound in preparation of anti-coronavirus drugs - Google Patents

Application of naphthoquinone compound in preparation of anti-coronavirus drugs Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116832018A
CN116832018A CN202310970963.3A CN202310970963A CN116832018A CN 116832018 A CN116832018 A CN 116832018A CN 202310970963 A CN202310970963 A CN 202310970963A CN 116832018 A CN116832018 A CN 116832018A
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coronavirus
formula
hcov
pharmaceutically acceptable
compound
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车永胜
蒋建东
李玉环
周庭男
王瑞琨
徐扬
李川
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Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology of CAMS
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Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology of CAMS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/12—Ketones
    • A61K31/122—Ketones having the oxygen directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses application of naphthoquinone compounds in preparation of anti-coronavirus medicines. In particular, the present invention relates to compounds of formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention discovers that the compound can effectively inhibit the replication of the alpha coronavirus HCoV-229E in vitro and the IC of the HCoV-229E 50 1.62 μg/ml, which shows that the compound has anti-coronavirus activity and can be used for treating infection caused by coronavirus.

Description

Application of naphthoquinone compound in preparation of anti-coronavirus drugs
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to application of naphthoquinone compounds in preparation of anti-coronavirus medicines.
Background
Coronaviruses (CoV) are a class of RNA viruses with a linear single positive strand genome that are widely known in nature and infect only vertebrates, and are associated with a variety of diseases in humans and animals that can cause respiratory, digestive and nervous system diseases in humans and animals.
Currently, 7 coronaviruses known to infect humans are human coronaviruses HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1, respectively, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses SARS-CoV, middle east respiratory syndrome coronaviruses MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Among the above coronaviruses, the first 4 coronaviruses cause a common cold with minor symptoms, while the last 3 cause severe symptoms and strong infectivity, even causing fatal viral pneumonia. The novel coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2) is frequently mutated in genes during the prevalence and transmission of the disease in the population, and some variants can lead to breakthrough infection and a proportion of reinfection. The current worldwide popular variant is the omnirange variant, and although domestic and foreign evidence shows that the omnirange variant has weak lung pathogenicity and clinically becomes the main upper respiratory tract infection, the transmission capacity and immune escape capacity of the omnirange variant are obviously enhanced, and the neutralizing effect of some marketed antibody medicaments is obviously reduced. Therefore, it is still important to find drugs that are effective against coronaviruses.
Naphthoquinone (naphthoquinone) is a secondary metabolite produced by plants and fungi, and is mainly classified into three types of 1, 4-naphthoquinone, 1, 2-naphthoquinone and 2, 6-naphthoquinone depending on the carbonyl substitution positions. Naphthoquinone compounds have various biological activities such as antiallergic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antiplatelet, antiprotozoal, antithrombotic, antiviral, and cytotoxic effects. 6-Ethyl-2, 7-dimethoxyyjugne is a naphthoquinone compound first found by Howe et al from the fermentation product of microorganism Hendersonula toruloidea [ see, experientia (experience). 1968,34,1257]; the subject group also isolated the compound from the fermentation product of a strain of the fungus perennipora sp. In the larvae of the species elephant [ see Journal of Natural Products (journal of natural products). 2012,75,1339-1345], the structural formula is shown in formula I. In addition, pittayakhajonwut et al isolated 6-ethyl-2, 7-dimethoxyyjone [ see, planta medical 2008,74,281-286] from the fermentation product of Phaeospieria sp.BC8292 and reported that the compound has anti-tubercle bacillus activity; luo et al isolated 6-methyl-2, 7-dimethoxyjolone [ see Organic Letters 2014,16,5944-5947] from fermentation products of the plant-associated fungus Delitschia sp.FL1581; isolated from the fermentation product of the strain Delitschia sp. Rivera-Ch vez et al, 6-methyl-2, 7-dimethoxyjfine [ see, planta medical 2018,85,62-71], and reported that the compound has an inhibitory effect on the African American prostate cancer cell line E006 AA-hT; bocanegra et al isolated 6-methyl-2, 7-dimethoxyjolone [ see, journal of Natural Products (J. Natural product). 2021,84,771-778] from the fermentation product of strain Pyrenochaetopsis sp.strain MSX63693 and reported that the compound has inhibitory activity against human melanoma cell line MDA-MB-435, human breast cancer tumor cell line MDA-MB-231 and human ovarian cancer tumor cell line OVCAR 3; calelis et al also isolated 6-methyl-2, 7-dimethoxyjunction from the fermentation product of fungus Neofusicoccum australe [ see, molecules 2021,26,1094]. However, the report of the compound as a medicine for preparing anti-coronavirus is not yet seen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new application of naphthoquinone compounds in preparation of anti-coronavirus medicines. Pharmacodynamic experiments prove that the compound can effectively inhibit replication of alpha group coronavirus HCoV-229E in an in vitro cell model, and has potential for preparing anti-coronavirus medicaments.
The structural formula of the naphthoquinone compound is shown as formula I:
the application of the compound shown in the formula I or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof provided by the invention is (a) and/or (b) and/or (c) as follows:
(a) The application of a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing a product for treating diseases caused by coronaviruses or coronavirus infection;
(b) The application of a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing a product for preventing diseases caused by coronaviruses or coronavirus infection;
(c) The application of a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing a coronavirus inhibitor.
The product may be a medicament or a pharmaceutical formulation.
The coronavirus inhibitor is capable of inhibiting replication of coronaviruses.
The coronavirus may be an alpha and/or beta coronavirus, in particular at least one selected from the group consisting of human coronavirus 2019-nCoV, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
In the above applications, a "pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of formula I" refers to a salt suitable for use in contact with tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable effect/risk ratio, within the scope of sound medical judgment. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula I are well known in the art and include, but are not limited to, sodium, potassium, calcium, hydrochloride, nitrate, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, acetate, oxalate, lactate, citrate, tartrate, maleate, and the like.
In the above application, when preparing a medicament or a pharmaceutical preparation, the compound shown in the formula I or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used as one of the active ingredients or the only active ingredient.
In the above application, when preparing a medicament or pharmaceutical preparation, the compound shown in formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used as one of the active ingredients or the only active ingredient.
In the above application, carrier materials may also be added for the preparation of medicaments.
Carrier materials include, but are not limited to, water soluble carrier materials (e.g., polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, organic acids, etc.), poorly soluble carrier materials (e.g., ethylcellulose, cholesterol stearate, etc.), enteric carrier materials (e.g., cellulose acetate phthalate, carboxymethyl ethyl cellulose, etc.). The materials can be prepared into various dosage forms, including but not limited to tablets, capsules, dripping pills, aerosols, pills, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules, liposomes, transdermal agents, buccal tablets, suppositories, freeze-dried powder injection and the like. Can be common preparation, slow release preparation, controlled release preparation and various microparticle administration systems. For the purpose of shaping the unit dosage form into a tablet, various carriers known in the art can be widely used. Examples of carriers are, for example, diluents and absorbents such as starch, dextrin, calcium sulfate, lactose, mannitol, sucrose, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, calcium carbonate, kaolin, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum silicate, etc.; humectants and binders such as water, glycerin, polyethylene glycol, ethanol, propanol, starch slurry, dextrin, syrup, honey, dextrose solution, acacia slurry, gelatin slurry, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, shellac, methyl cellulose, potassium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the like; disintegrants such as dry starch, alginate, agar powder, brown algae starch, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene, sorbitol fatty acid ester, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, etc.; disintegration inhibitors such as sucrose, glyceryl tristearate, cocoa butter, hydrogenated oils and the like; absorption promoters such as quaternary ammonium salts, sodium lauryl sulfate, and the like; lubricants such as talc, silica, corn starch, stearate, boric acid, liquid paraffin, polyethylene glycol, and the like. The tablets may be further formulated into coated tablets, such as sugar coated tablets, film coated tablets, enteric coated tablets, or bilayer and multilayer tablets. For the purpose of formulating the unit dosage form into a pill, various carriers well known in the art can be widely used. Examples of carriers are, for example, diluents and absorbents such as glucose, lactose, starch, cocoa butter, hydrogenated vegetable oils, polyvinylpyrrolidone, kaolin, talc, etc.; binders such as acacia, tragacanth, gelatin, ethanol, honey, liquid sugar, rice paste or batter, and the like; disintegrants such as agar powder, dry starch, alginate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, etc. For preparing a unit dosage form into a suppository, various carriers well known in the art can be widely used. Examples of carriers include polyethylene glycol, lecithin, cocoa butter, higher alcohols, esters of higher alcohols, gelatin, semisynthetic glycerides, and the like. For preparing unit dosage forms into injectable preparations such as solutions, emulsions, lyophilized powders and suspensions, all diluents commonly used in the art, for example, water, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyisostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid esters, etc. may be used. In addition, in order to prepare an isotonic injection, an appropriate amount of sodium chloride, glucose or glycerin may be added to the preparation for injection, and further, a conventional cosolvent, a buffer, a pH adjuster, and the like may be added. In addition, colorants, preservatives, flavors, flavoring agents, sweeteners, or other materials may also be added to the pharmaceutical formulation, if desired. The preparation can be administrated by injection, including subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, and intracavity injection; administration via the luminal tract, such as rectally and vaginally; respiratory tract administration, such as via the nasal cavity; mucosal administration.
The invention also provides a medicine or a medicine composition, and the active ingredient of the medicine or the medicine composition is a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
The medicament or pharmaceutical composition has at least one of the following effects:
1) Treating a disease caused by coronavirus or a coronavirus infection;
2) Preventing diseases caused by coronavirus or coronavirus infection;
3) Inhibiting coronavirus.
The above-mentioned drugs or pharmaceutical compositions may be formulated into solutions, tablets, capsules or injections according to conventional methods known to those skilled in the art.
When the compound shown as the formula I or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof provided by the invention is used for preventing and/or treating infection caused by coronavirus, an effective amount of the compound shown as the formula I or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is given to a subject organism.
The dosage and method of use of the compounds of the invention will depend upon a number of factors including the age, weight, sex, natural health, nutritional status, the strength of activity of the compound, the time of administration, the rate of metabolism, the severity of the condition and the subjective judgment of the clinician. The preferred dosage is between 0.01 and 100mg/kg body weight/day, with the optimal dosage being between 0.1 and 10mg/kg body weight/day.
In the present invention, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount that achieves treatment, prevention, alleviation and/or alleviation of a disease or a disorder of the present invention in a subject.
In the present invention, the term "subject" may refer to a patient or other animal, particularly a mammal, such as a human, dog, monkey, cow, horse, etc., who receives a composition of the invention to treat, prevent, ameliorate and/or alleviate a disease or condition described herein.
In the present invention, the disease caused by coronavirus may be respiratory infection and/or digestive system infection.
The respiratory infection is a respiratory tract infection and/or a lung infection; the respiratory tract infection can be nasopharyngitis, rhinitis, pharyngolaryngitis, tracheitis and/or bronchitis; the pulmonary infection may be pneumonia; the digestive system infection may be diarrhea.
In the present invention, the diseases caused by coronaviruses generally include viral pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and the like.
In the present invention, the coronavirus infection usually causes viral pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome and other diseases.
According to the invention, the alpha group coronavirus HCoV-229E is selected, the possibility of application of the naphthoquinone compound shown in the formula I in preparation of anti-coronavirus medicines is discussed, and experimental researches show that the compound can obviously inhibit replication of the alpha group coronavirus HCoV-229E in vitro and has potential for preparing the anti-coronavirus medicines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows nuclear magnetic resonance of a compound of formula I 1 H-NMR spectrum.
FIG. 2 shows nuclear magnetic resonance of a compound of formula I 13 C-NMR spectrum.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The coronavirus HCoV-229E used in the examples was human coronavirus 229E strain (Human coronavirus 229E #)VR-740 TM ) A) is provided; literature: hamre D, procknow JJ.A new virus isolated from the human respiratory track. Proc.Soc.exp.biol.Med.121:190-193,1966.PubMed:4285768.
The compounds of formula I used in the examples were isolated for the present laboratory preparations (see, for isolation methods: journal of Natural Products (J. Natural products). 2012,75,1339-1345) as orange needle crystals with a purity of more than 98%; the structure validation data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Hydrogen Spectrum of Compounds of formula I 1 H NMR) and carbon spectrum [ ] 13 C NMR) data
a At 400MHz with CDCl 3 Is a solvent test.
b At 400MHz with CDCl 3 Is a solvent test.
Example 1 in vitro anti-HCoV-229E Activity assay of Compounds of formula I
1. Purpose of experiment
Study of the in vitro anti-coronavirus efficacy of Compounds of formula I the half Inhibitory Concentration (IC) of Compounds against coronavirus (HCoV-229E) in Huh7 cells was determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) experiments 50 ) And SI. Ribavirin (RBV) was used as a positive control drug.
Experiments were performed in the national academy of medical science, pharmaceutical biotechnology institute, virus laboratory, BSL-2 biosafety laboratory (laboratory building 329).
2. Material
Test article:
the compound of formula I is isolated for the present laboratory preparation (for isolation methods see document Journal of Natural Products (J. Natural products). 2012,75,1339-1345) as orange needle crystals with a purity of greater than 98%; the structure identification map is shown in figures 1 and 2;
the positive control ribavirin injection (RBV) is purchased from Hubei Tianyao pharmaceutical industry Co., ltd, of Tianjin JinYao group, has a specification of 100mg/ml, is diluted to a required concentration when used, and is stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃.
And (3) cells: the passaged human liver cancer cell Huh7 is passaged and preserved by the institute of medical biotechnology of Chinese medical sciences, and is cultured in DMEM or 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (inactivated fetal bovine serum) and 1% double antibody (penicillin and streptomycin) at 37deg.C and 5% CO 2 Culturing in an incubator, and passaging once for 2-3 days.
Strains: HCoV-229E was passaged in Huh7 cells and stored in a-80℃refrigerator.
3. Experimental method
Cell culture
Taking Huh7 cells as an example: adding 3ml of 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (pancreatin cell digestive juice) into a culture flask full of Huh7 cells, digesting for 1-2 minutes at 37 ℃, discarding digestive juice, adding culture solution for blowing, carrying out 1:4 passage, carrying out passage once for 2-3 days, preparing 20 ten thousand cells per ml when the plates are used, inoculating 96-well cell culture plates, and carrying out 0.1ml of culture plate per well at 37 ℃ and 5% CO 2 After overnight incubation, the cells were grown as monolayers and the experiment was performed.
Determination of anti-HCoV-229E Activity (CPE method)
Experiments were performed in passaged Huh7 cells, huh7 cells 1X 10 4 The cells/well were inoculated into 96-well plates, and 100. Mu.l of HCoV-229E virus solution (100 TCID) 50 ) Huh7 cells in a 96-well plate are infected, the medicine to be tested is diluted by a maintenance solution, two dosing schemes of simultaneous dosing and 2h dosing after infection are respectively used for measurement, the medicine to be tested is subjected to experiments by using 8-dose samples diluted three times, 2 parallel wells are arranged in each dose, and a virus control group without medicine is arranged at the same time. The cytopathy is observed under a microscope by taking the cytopathy as an index, and the cytopathy is marked by the cell death proportion as 4+ (cell death proportion is 75% -100%), 3+ (cell death proportion is 50% -75%), 2+ (cell death proportion is 25% -50%), 1+ (cell death proportion is 0-25%), and 0+ (all cells survive). When the pathological changes of the virus control group reach 4 < + > number, the observed results are recorded and the half inhibition concentration (formula is as follows) and the selection index (SI=TC) of the drug to the virus are calculated by using a Reed-Muench method 50 /IC 50 )。
Wherein: a = drug concentration with cumulative inhibition <50%, B = inhibition >50%, C = inhibition <50%, D = log dilution
Cytotoxicity assay (CPE method)
Cells were packed at 1.5X10 4 The cells/wells were inoculated into 96-well plates, and after overnight incubation, a maintenance solution containing the drug to be tested was added, and the test was performed with samples diluted three times at 8 doses of the drug to be tested, and incubation was continued. Toxicity of drug to cells under inverted microscope 2 days after administration, and half-toxic concentration TC was calculated by Reed-Muench method 50 The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: a = drug concentration with cumulative inhibition <50%, B = inhibition >50%, C = inhibition <50%, D = log dilution
4. Experimental results
Inhibition of HCoV-229E by drugs in Huh7 cells
As shown in Table 2, the CPE method determines the IC of the compound of formula I against HCoV-229E strain 50 1.62. Mu.g/ml, a selection index SI of 11.84; IC of RBV to HCoV-229E 50 The selection index SI was 19.23 at 4.81. Mu.g/ml.
TABLE 2 inhibition of HCoV-229E by compounds in Huh7 cells (IC 50 ) (CPE method)
5. Conclusion(s)
Under the experimental conditions, the compound shown in the formula I has an inhibiting effect on HCoV-229E strain; RBV has an inhibitory effect on HCoV-229E strain, and the anti-coronavirus HCoV-229E activity of RBV is equivalent to that of the literature and the results before the experiment, which shows that the experiment system is established.
Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: numerous modifications and substitutions of details are possible in light of all the teachings disclosed, and such modifications are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention. The full scope of the invention is given by the appended claims and any equivalents thereof. The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The starting materials are available from published commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

Claims (8)

1. The use of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the use is (a) and/or (b) and/or (c) as follows:
(a) The application of a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing a product for treating diseases caused by coronaviruses or coronavirus infection;
(b) The application of a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing a product for preventing diseases caused by coronaviruses or coronavirus infection;
(c) The application of a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing a coronavirus inhibitor;
2. the use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the product is a drug or a pharmaceutical preparation.
3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the coronavirus is an alpha genus coronavirus and/or a beta genus coronavirus; the coronavirus inhibitor is capable of inhibiting replication of coronaviruses.
4. A use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the coronavirus is at least one selected from human coronavirus 2019-nCoV, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
5. A medicine or a medicine composition comprises the active ingredient of a compound shown in a formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
the medicament or pharmaceutical composition has at least one of the following effects:
1) Treating a disease caused by coronavirus or a coronavirus infection;
2) Preventing diseases caused by coronavirus or coronavirus infection;
3) Inhibiting coronavirus.
6. The medicament or pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, wherein: the coronavirus is an alpha genus coronavirus and/or a beta genus coronavirus;
the coronavirus inhibitor is capable of inhibiting replication of coronaviruses.
7. The medicament or pharmaceutical composition according to claim 6, wherein: the coronavirus is at least one selected from human coronavirus 2019-nCoV, HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
8. The medicament or pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein: the medicament or the pharmaceutical composition is any pharmaceutically acceptable dosage form, including at least one of tablets, capsules, injections, granules, suspensions and solutions.
CN202310970963.3A 2023-08-03 2023-08-03 Application of naphthoquinone compound in preparation of anti-coronavirus drugs Pending CN116832018A (en)

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