CN1168308A - Carbon-electrode argon plasma arc bead welding method - Google Patents
Carbon-electrode argon plasma arc bead welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1168308A CN1168308A CN 96106510 CN96106510A CN1168308A CN 1168308 A CN1168308 A CN 1168308A CN 96106510 CN96106510 CN 96106510 CN 96106510 A CN96106510 A CN 96106510A CN 1168308 A CN1168308 A CN 1168308A
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- bead welding
- argon plasma
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Abstract
The said method constitutes heat source of plasma arc bead welding by using carbon bar as cathod and hydrogen as working medium. Through the control of cooling cathod, the plasma arc atmosphere has a carbon partial pressure of 1,000-4,500 dyne/cu cm, an arc column temperature of 9,000-13,000 K or only one half that of tungsten pole argon plasma arc in similar condition, effective conducting arc column radius of 6-7 mm or two times that of tungsten pole argon plasma arc, and an evenly distributed radial arc column temperature field. The said method can realize high quality bead welding and obtain high quality compound bead welding layer of hard alloy.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of plasma arc bead welding method.
The plasma arc bead welding method that generally uses on the industrial production (having listed the chief editor of american society for metals " metals handbook " in) generally is to do negative electrode with tungsten bar, with the argon gas dielectric gas of working, constitutes plasma arc heap thermal source.Tungsten electrode argon plasma arc is concentrated and is celebrated with arc column temperature height, energy density as the welding heat source.But as the built-up welding thermal source, arc column temperature height, energy density are concentrated.But very unfavorable to realizing that some special built-up welding requires.For example, with tungsten electrode argon plasma arc overlaying method built-up welding Talide composite, because arc column temperature height, tend to cause a large amount of tungsten carbide particles to issue estranged separating and fusing and scaling loss at the high temperature action of arc column; The overlay cladding mother metal dilution rate of tungsten electrode argon plasma arc overlaying method also can only be controlled at 5～10% level.Thereby, when high, can not obtain desirable surfacing layer quality to the overlay cladding performance requirement.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new carbon level argon plasma arc overlaying method, this method is easy to realize the high-quality built-up welding.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: Na is contained in motive portion
+Have the core carbon-point or the spectroscopically pure graphite carbon-point of cation inorganic salts are done negative electrode, constitute the plasma arc surfacing thermal source with the argon gas dielectric gas of working.What emphasize here to put in order is the combination of the two, indispensable.
The principles of science of foundation of the present invention is: when introducing the low ionization potential material in arc atmosphere, because the effect of low ionization potential material can make the corresponding reduction of arc column temperature, the corresponding increase of effective conduction radius of arc column.
The present invention is that the argon gas of 15.7Ve constitutes plasma arc thermal source system with carbon-point and ionization potential, makes by anticathode cooling control and contains a certain amount of carbon dividing potential drop in the plasma arc atmosphere, and the ionization potential of carbon is 11.2Ve; When use has the core carbon-point to do negative electrode, except that containing carbon, also contain the sodium that ionization potential is 5.1Ve in the plasma arc atmosphere.Low ionization potential material sodium and carbon are from the evaporation of cathode substance.
By to doing negative electrode, working gas flow 0.1～0.5m by have the core carbon-point and the spectroscopically pure graphite carbon-point of φ 6～8mm diameter
3The plasma arc of 200A～300A that/h forms carries out actual measurement to be found, contains (1.0～4.5) * 10 in the plasma column atmosphere
3Dyne/cm
3The carbon dividing potential drop, arc column temperature 9000～1300K, only be equivalent under the same current standard condition tungsten electrode argon plasma arc 1/2; Effective conduction radius 6～7mm of arc column is equivalent to 2 times of tungsten electrode argon plasma arc.Simultaneously, because the characteristic distributions of carbon in plasma arc atmosphere also causes plasma arc to have radial temperature field distribution very uniformly.
The present invention is easy to realize that the reason of high-quality built-up welding is as follows:
Because the arc column temperature of this plasma arc thermal source is lower, less to its below by the heat effect of built-up welding mother metal, effective conductive heater radius of arc column is bigger, radial temperature profile is even, there is larger area evenly to heat to its below mother metal, and contain a certain amount of carbon dividing potential drop in the arc column atmosphere and have reproducibility, such thermal source is to the result of mother metal heating, on the one hand show as the dark line of mother metal surface melting degree and evenly, on the other hand, the oxide-film that is in the mother metal surface under the semi-molten state also can issue estranged separating with reduction reaction in the effect of carbon ion and be removed, and has improved the wettability of deposited metal to the mother metal surface widely.Therefore use the commercially available iron-based of this law built-up welding, Ni-based, cobalt-base alloys resurfacing welding material, at mother metal dilution rate≤1.0% o'clock, the angle of wetting of overlay cladding and parent material interface still can remain on 60～70 °.
Because this plasma arc atmosphere has stronger reproducibility, easy scaling loss elemental carbon in the hardfacing alloy, the transfer coefficient of boron etc. can reach more than 98%.
When using this method to carry out the built-up welding of Talide composite, on the one hand because the temperature of plasma arc is lower, on the other hand, owing to there is the dividing potential drop of carbon to exist in the plasma column atmosphere, decomposition reaction neither can take place in tungsten carbide particle in the process of sending into the molten bath by arc column, fusing can be do not produced yet, thereby the scaling loss that produces because of pyrolytic and fusing can be avoided effectively.
Though this method requires cathode substance to have a certain amount of evaporation to realize desired plasma arc characteristic, but the loss rate of carbon cathode is less, when current standard is 100～300A, the export license speed that records is for being 0.3～1.5mm/h, and the carbon cathode of φ a 8 * 300mm can use more than 100 hours continuously.
The best embodiment of realizing this method is the powder plasma arc surfacing.Its advantage is: for the various powders build-up welding alloy material, comprise the Talide composite, at welding current 150～300A, weldingvoltage 25～35V, plasma gas flow rate 0.1～0.5m
3/ h, powder feeding gas flow 0.2～0.8m
3In the process parameters range such as/h, powder sending quantity 0.4～7.0Kg/h, built-up welding speed 30～150mm/min, single-layer surfacing can obtain thickness 0.2～0.8mm, the high-quality overlay cladding of mother metal dilution rate≤1.0%.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of plasma arc bead welding method adopts the work plasma arc surfacing thermal source of dielectric gas of argon gas, and it is characterized in that: the plasma arc surfacing thermal source adopts heart portion to contain Na
+Have the core carbon-point or the spectroscopically pure graphite carbon-point of cation inorganic salts are done negative electrode.
2, according to right 1 described overlaying method, it is characterized in that: the working media gas flow is 0.1～0.5m
3/ h.
3, according to right 1 described overlaying method, it is characterized in that: contain (1.0～4.5) * 10 in the plasma arc atmosphere
3Dyne/cm
3The carbon dividing potential drop.
4, according to right 1 described overlaying method, it is characterized in that: the plasma arc column temperature is 9000～13000K.
5, according to right 1 described overlaying method, it is characterized in that: effective conduction radius 6～7mm of plasma column.
6, according to right 1 described overlaying method, it is characterized in that: plasma arc has uniform radial temperature field distribution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106510 CN1168308A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1996-06-14 | Carbon-electrode argon plasma arc bead welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106510 CN1168308A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1996-06-14 | Carbon-electrode argon plasma arc bead welding method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1168308A true CN1168308A (en) | 1997-12-24 |
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ID=5119226
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106510 Pending CN1168308A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1996-06-14 | Carbon-electrode argon plasma arc bead welding method |
Country Status (1)
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1168308A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1298478C (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2007-02-07 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for connecting hard metals through successive built up welding |
| CN104278268A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-14 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Preparation method for protective coating of zinc pan roller sleeves and bushes |
| CN110842210A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-28 | 安徽省春谷3D打印智能装备产业技术研究院有限公司 | Plasma arc spheroidizing device and method for iron-based master alloy powder |
-
1996
- 1996-06-14 CN CN 96106510 patent/CN1168308A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1298478C (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2007-02-07 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for connecting hard metals through successive built up welding |
| CN104278268A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-14 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Preparation method for protective coating of zinc pan roller sleeves and bushes |
| CN110842210A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-28 | 安徽省春谷3D打印智能装备产业技术研究院有限公司 | Plasma arc spheroidizing device and method for iron-based master alloy powder |
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