CN116829485A - Elevator shaft access and safety system - Google Patents

Elevator shaft access and safety system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116829485A
CN116829485A CN202280011005.7A CN202280011005A CN116829485A CN 116829485 A CN116829485 A CN 116829485A CN 202280011005 A CN202280011005 A CN 202280011005A CN 116829485 A CN116829485 A CN 116829485A
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access
wvst
aom
hoistway
worker
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梁广德
陈立仁
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Smartone Telecomm Holdings Ltd
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Smartone Telecomm Holdings Ltd
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Priority claimed from HK22021024171.1A external-priority patent/HK20065928A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0043Devices enhancing safety during maintenance
    • B66B5/005Safety of maintenance personnel

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  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于管理每个工人安全地访问电梯井的电梯井出入与安全系统提供了:工人生命体征标签(WVST),其可附接到工人可佩戴的个人防护装备(PPE)以用于测量工人的生命体征;访问和占用情况微控制器(AOM),其用于控制电梯闸门并检测电梯井的占用情况;分布式认证控制器(DAC),其用于WVST认证;以及集中管理平台(CMP),其用于管理所述系统。当工人请求进入电梯井时,在WVST经由测量生命体征检测到工人适当地佩戴PPE之后并且在DAC确定工人是被授权访问电梯井的工人之后AOM打开电梯闸门。因此确保工人在进入电梯井之前是被授权访问电梯井的工人并且受到适当保护。

An elevator shaft access and safety system for managing each worker's safe access to the elevator shaft provides: Worker Vital Sign Tags (WVST) that can be attached to worker-wearable personal protective equipment (PPE) for measurement Vital signs of workers; Access and Occupancy Microcontroller (AOM), which controls elevator gates and detects elevator shaft occupancy; Distributed Authentication Controller (DAC), which is used for WVST authentication; and a centralized management platform ( CMP), which is used to manage the system. When a worker requests access to the elevator shaft, the AOM opens the elevator gate after the WVST detects that the worker is appropriately wearing PPE via measuring vital signs and after the DAC determines that the worker is one authorized to access the elevator shaft. Therefore ensure that workers are authorized to access the elevator shaft and are appropriately protected before entering the elevator shaft.

Description

电梯井出入与安全系统Elevator shaft access and safety system

相关申请的交叉引用Cross-references to related applications

本申请要求2021年1月22日提交的、申请号为22021024171.1的中国香港标准专利申请的优先权,其公开内容通过引用整体地并入本文。This application claims priority from the Hong Kong Standard Patent Application with application number 22021024171.1, filed on January 22, 2021, the disclosure content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

缩略词abbreviation

AOM 访问和占用情况微控制器AOM access and occupancy microcontroller

BLE 低功耗蓝牙BLE Bluetooth Low Energy

CMP 集中管理平台CMP centralized management platform

DAC 分布式认证控制器DAC Distributed Authentication Controller

GUI 图形用户界面GUI graphical user interface

ID 标识符ID identifier

IO 输入/输出IO input/output

IoT 物联网IoT Internet of Things

LED 发光二极管LED light emitting diode

LoRaWAN 远程广域网LoRaWAN Long Range Wide Area Network

NB-IoT 窄带物联网NB-IoT Narrowband Internet of Things

PPE 个人防护装备PPE personal protective equipment

PRMA 随机相位多址接入PRMA random phase multiple access

RSSI 接收到的信号强度指示符RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator

WAP 无线接入点WAP wireless access point

WiFi 无线保真WiFi wireless fidelity

WVST 工人生命体征标签WVST Worker Vital Signs Label

UI 用户界面UI user interface

技术领域Technical field

本公开涉及一种用于出于安全考虑管理施工工人对建筑物的电梯井的访问的系统。The present disclosure relates to a system for managing construction worker access to an elevator shaft of a building for safety reasons.

背景技术Background technique

许多施工项目都涉及电梯安装。在电梯井内进行施工作业被视为高风险任务。常见的危险包括工人跌倒和物体掉落。这些危险可能导致严重伤害或甚至死亡。为了降低风险,通常在电梯井的开口或入口处安装临时闸门。这些闸门通常用挂锁固定。如果实施和管理得当,则这种安全布置可以降低风险。然而,现场管理通常很难能够高效地且有效地跟踪每个电梯闸门。这个缺点对于多层建筑物是特别突出的。例如,正在施工的有六个电梯的50层建筑物有超过300个闸门要管理。实际上,许多闸门可能会在没有通知或在工人方便的情况下打开或解锁。风险仍然存在。Many construction projects involve elevator installation. Carrying out construction work in elevator shafts is considered a high-risk task. Common hazards include worker falls and falling objects. These hazards can result in serious injury or even death. To reduce risk, temporary gates are often installed at the opening or entrance to the elevator shaft. These gates are usually secured with padlocks. If implemented and managed properly, this security arrangement can reduce risk. However, it is often difficult for site management to track each elevator gate efficiently and effectively. This shortcoming is particularly prominent for multi-story buildings. For example, a 50-story building with six elevators under construction has more than 300 gates to manage. In fact, many gates may be opened or unlocked without notice or at the convenience of workers. Risks remain.

此外,未经授权的人进入电梯井有很高的风险,因为他或她可能没有受过足够的培训,无法在电梯井环境下工作。为了职业安全,应只允许经过培训的工人在电梯井中工作。然而,除了物理钥匙或普通密码锁之外,现场管理对谁可以进入哪个电梯井几乎没有控制。Additionally, there is a high risk of an unauthorized person entering an elevator shaft because he or she may not have adequate training to work in an elevator shaft environment. For the sake of occupational safety, only trained workers should be allowed to work in elevator shafts. However, site management has little control over who has access to which elevator shaft, other than a physical key or a common combination lock.

除了安全之外,另一个问题是管理和指派供工人打开电梯井闸门的物理钥匙的效率低下。通常,电梯井闸门的钥匙由现场管理所指派的专职工作人员集中管理。钥匙持有人员维护纸质记录以及手动分配和收集进出电梯井闸门的工人的钥匙既耗时又容易出错。钥匙丢失和钥匙未归还的问题也在很大程度上阻碍了在电梯井中进行施工作业的效率。In addition to security, another issue is the inefficiency of managing and assigning the physical keys used by workers to open elevator shaft gates. Usually, the keys to the elevator shaft gates are centrally managed by dedicated staff assigned by on-site management. It is time-consuming and error-prone for keyholders to maintain paper records and manually distribute and collect keys from workers entering and exiting elevator shaft gates. The problem of lost keys and unreturned keys also hinders the efficiency of construction operations in elevator shafts to a great extent.

另外,现场管理看不到电梯井的占用情况和工人的状态。这个缺点可能成为关键问题,因为电梯井是封闭区域。在发生事故的情况下,可能很难定位受伤的工人并了解他或她的健康状况。In addition, on-site management cannot see the occupancy of the elevator shaft and the status of workers. This disadvantage can become a critical issue since elevator shafts are enclosed areas. In the event of an accident, it can be difficult to locate an injured worker and understand his or her medical condition.

需要一种电梯井出入与安全系统,该系统可以在访问电梯井时利用各种规定有效地并高效地管理工人以确保工人的安全,比如检测是否有任何工人遇到了紧急状况。There is a need for an elevator shaft access and safety system that can effectively and efficiently manage workers while accessing the elevator shaft using various regulations to ensure worker safety, such as detecting if any worker is experiencing an emergency.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本公开提供了一种用于至少管理工人经由一个或多个可控制电梯闸门安全地访问一个或多个电梯井的电梯井出入与安全系统。The present disclosure provides an elevator shaft access and safety system for at least managing workers' safe access to one or more elevator shafts via one or more controllable elevator gates.

所述系统包括一个或多个WVST、一个或多个AOM和一个或多个DAC。所述一个或多个WVST用于工人的识别和生命体征测量。单个WVST可附接到相应工人可佩戴的PPE。另外,单个WVST配置为测量相应工人的一个或多个生命体征以借此产生生命体征数据。还给单个WVST指派用于识别相应工人的ID。所述一个或多个AOM用于至少控制对一个或多个电梯井的访问。单个AOM配置为控制安装在对应电梯井处的对应电梯闸门。当单个AOM与单个WVST之间的距离在预定最大通信范围内时,所述单个AOM和所述单个WVST可彼此进行无线地通信。所述一个或多个DAC用于至少根据一个或多个WVST的相应的一个或多个ID对所述一个或多个WVST进行认证。单个AOM可与选自所述一个或多个DAC的预选DAC进行通信。特别地,单个AOM进一步配置为当相应工人请求进入对应电梯井时,在单个WVST经由测量所述一个或多个生命体征检测到相应工人受到适当保护之后并且在预选DAC确认相应工人是被授权访问对应电梯井的工人之后打开对应电梯闸门以允许相应工人进入。The system includes one or more WVSTs, one or more AOMs, and one or more DACs. The one or more WVSTs are used for worker identification and vital sign measurement. A single WVST can be attached to the corresponding worker-worn PPE. Additionally, a single WVST is configured to measure one or more vital signs of a corresponding worker to thereby generate vital sign data. Individual WVSTs are also assigned an ID that identifies the corresponding worker. The one or more AOMs are used to control at least access to one or more elevator shafts. A single AOM is configured to control corresponding elevator gates installed at corresponding elevator shafts. A single AOM and a single WVST may wirelessly communicate with each other when the distance between the single AOM and the single WVST is within a predetermined maximum communication range. The one or more DACs are used to authenticate the one or more WVSTs according to at least one or more corresponding IDs of the one or more WVSTs. A single AOM may communicate with a preselected DAC selected from the one or more DACs. In particular, the single AOM is further configured to, when the corresponding worker requests access to the corresponding elevator shaft, after the single WVST detects that the corresponding worker is appropriately protected via measuring said one or more vital signs and after the pre-selected DAC confirms that the corresponding worker is authorized to access The worker in the corresponding elevator shaft then opens the corresponding elevator gate to allow the corresponding worker to enter.

优选地,所述系统通过以下布置来确保相应工人是被授权访问对应电梯井的工人并且在进入对应电梯井之前受到适当保护。单个WVST进一步配置为通过经由测量所述一个或多个生命体征确定存在或不存在生命体征测量失败来确定相应工人是否适当地佩戴PPE的第一结果。当单个AOM和单个WVST可彼此进行无线通信时并且当预选DAC可与单个AOM进行通信时,ID和第一结果可由所述单个AOM从所述单个WVST获得,并且所述ID也可由所述预选DAC从所述单个AOM获得。所述预选DAC配置为根据至少所述ID确定相应工人是否被授权进入对应电梯井的第二结果,并且配置为将第二结果发送到单个AOM。特别地,单个AOM进一步配置为当相应工人请求进入对应电梯井时,仅当满足一个或多个可访问性条件时才打开对应电梯闸门,所述一个或多个可访问性条件中的第一可访问性条件是第一结果和第二结果两者都是肯定的。因此确保相应工人在进入对应电梯井之前是被授权访问对应电梯井的工人并且受到适当保护。Preferably, the system is arranged to ensure that the corresponding worker is a worker authorized to access the corresponding elevator shaft and is appropriately protected before entering the corresponding elevator shaft. The single WVST is further configured to determine a first result of whether the respective worker is appropriately wearing the PPE by determining the presence or absence of a vital sign measurement failure via measuring the one or more vital signs. When a single AOM and a single WVST can communicate wirelessly with each other and when a pre-selected DAC can communicate with a single AOM, the ID and the first result can be obtained by the single AOM from the single WVST, and the ID can also be obtained by the pre-selected DAC. DAC is obtained from the single AOM. The pre-selected DAC is configured to determine a second result of whether a corresponding worker is authorized to enter a corresponding elevator shaft based on at least the ID, and is configured to send the second result to a single AOM. In particular, the single AOM is further configured to, when a corresponding worker requests entry to the corresponding elevator shaft, open the corresponding elevator gate only if one or more accessibility conditions are met, the first of the one or more accessibility conditions being met. The accessibility condition is that both the first result and the second result are positive. Therefore ensure that the corresponding worker is a worker authorized to access the corresponding elevator shaft and is properly protected before entering the corresponding elevator shaft.

优选地,所述系统进一步包括一个或多个WAP以及一个CMP。所述一个或多个WAP可连接到互联网以与一个或多个DAC进行无线地通信并向其提供互联网连接。所述CMP通过可连接到互联网的计算服务器来实现,并且可经由所述一个或多个WAP与所述一个或多个DAC进行通信以管理所述一个或多个DAC并向现场管理员提供用户界面。所述CMP配置为用有效ID列表定期更新预选DAC,列表指示被授权进入对应电梯井的特定工人。Preferably, the system further includes one or more WAPs and a CMP. The one or more WAPs may connect to the Internet to communicate wirelessly with and provide Internet connectivity to the one or more DACs. The CMP is implemented through a computing server connectable to the Internet and can communicate with the one or more DACs via the one or more WAPs to manage the one or more DACs and provide users to site administrators interface. The CMP is configured to periodically update the pre-selected DACs with a list of valid IDs indicating specific workers who are authorized to enter the corresponding elevator shaft.

还公开了本发明的其他方面,如下文的实施例所说明的那样。Other aspects of the invention are also disclosed, as illustrated in the examples below.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是图示了根据本公开的示例性实施例的电梯井出入与安全系统的拓扑布置的示意图。1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a topological arrangement of an elevator shaft access and safety system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

图2描绘了系统中的一连串WVST、AOM、DAC、WAP和CMP以用于进一步说明系统的结构和操作细节。Figure 2 depicts a series of WVST, AOM, DAC, WAP and CMP in the system to further illustrate the structural and operational details of the system.

图3描绘了工人可佩戴的用于个人保护的PPE的实际实现,其中,所述PPE与WVST集成并实现为安全头盔。Figure 3 depicts a practical implementation of PPE wearable by workers for personal protection, where the PPE is integrated with a WVST and implemented as a safety helmet.

本领域的技术人员将理解,附图中的要素是为了简单和清晰的目的而例示,并且不一定按比例描绘。Those skilled in the art will understand that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

术语“包括(comprising)”、“具有(having)”、“包括(including)”和“包含(containing)”应在本文被解释为开放式术语(即,意指“包括但不限于”),除非另有说明。The terms “comprising,” “having,” “including,” and “containing” shall be construed herein as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning “including but not limited to”), Unless otherwise indicated.

如本文所使用的,设备或人“被认证”意指所述设备或人已被验证为真实或有效的,使得所述设备或所述人被准许或授权执行某个预定义任务。对设备或人进行“认证”意指验证所述设备或人是否经过认证的行为。As used herein, a device or person being "authenticated" means that the device or person has been verified to be authentic or valid such that the device or person is permitted or authorized to perform a certain predefined task. "Authenticating" a device or person means the act of verifying that said device or person is authenticated.

如本文所使用的,“个人防护装备”或PPE是设计为保护佩戴者的身体免受伤害的可佩戴设备、装备或服装。PPE的示例包括防护服、安全头盔、护目镜、防毒面具、可佩戴防护罩、防护鞋等。As used herein, "personal protective equipment" or PPE is wearable equipment, gear, or clothing designed to protect the wearer's body from harm. Examples of PPE include protective clothing, safety helmets, goggles, respirators, wearable shields, protective footwear, etc.

如本文所使用的,“生命体征”是从指示人体的生命(维持生命)功能的状态的多个最重要的医学体征中选择的医学体征。该多个最重要的医学体征通常用于帮助评估人体的总体身体健康,为可能的疾病提供线索,并示出康复的进展。生命体征的示例包括体温、血压、脉搏(心率)和呼吸速率(呼吸率)。应注意,人的生命体征的正常值范围随年龄、体重、性别和整体健康而变化。本领域的技术人员可以查阅已公布的生命体征表以识别生命体征值的正常范围。As used herein, "vital signs" are medical signs selected from a plurality of the most important medical signs indicating the status of vital (life-sustaining) functions of the human body. These multiple, most important medical signs are often used to help assess a person's overall physical health, provide clues to possible disease, and show progress in recovery. Examples of vital signs include body temperature, blood pressure, pulse (heart rate), and respiratory rate (breathing rate). It should be noted that normal ranges for a person's vital signs vary with age, weight, gender, and overall health. One skilled in the art can consult published vital sign tables to identify normal ranges of vital sign values.

如本文所使用的,除非另有规定,否则“云”或“计算云”从云计算或同义地网络上的分布式计算的意义上进行解释。As used herein, unless otherwise specified, "cloud" or "computing cloud" is to be construed in the sense of cloud computing or synonymously distributed computing over a network.

如本文所使用的,“服务器”从计算的意义上进行解释。也就是说,服务器是计算服务器。“计算机”与服务器互换地使用。服务器或计算机通常配备有用于执行程序指令的一个或多个计算处理器以及用于存储数据的一个或多个存储装置。服务器可以是独立的计算服务器(即物理服务器)、云中的分布式服务器或用于处理客户端指令的虚拟服务器。例如,一个或多个存储装置可以是硬盘或固态磁盘驱动器。As used herein, "server" is interpreted in a computing sense. That is, the server is a computing server. "Computer" is used interchangeably with server. A server or computer is typically equipped with one or more computing processors for executing program instructions and one or more storage devices for storing data. Servers can be stand-alone computing servers (i.e. physical servers), distributed servers in the cloud, or virtual servers used to process client instructions. For example, the one or more storage devices may be a hard disk or solid state disk drive.

如本文所使用的,“移动计算设备”是具有计算能力并且配置为由人员使用者使用的便携式电子设备。例如,移动计算设备可以是智能电话或手持式平板计算机。As used herein, a "mobile computing device" is a portable electronic device that has computing capabilities and is configured for use by a human user. For example, the mobile computing device may be a smartphone or a handheld tablet computer.

本文公开了一种电梯井出入与安全系统。所述系统用于至少管理工人(通常为施工工人)经由一个或多个可控制电梯闸门安全地访问一个或多个电梯井。所述系统可以有利地用于辅助现场管理员监测具有所述一个或多个电梯井的施工现场。This article discloses an elevator shaft access and safety system. The system is used to manage at least the safe access of workers, typically construction workers, to one or more elevator shafts via one or more controllable elevator gates. The system may advantageously be used to assist a site manager in monitoring a construction site having the one or more elevator shafts.

公开的系统是可扩缩的并且可容易扩展的,并且可以在多种应用场景下实施。该系统可以在正在施工的建筑物中实施,其中,建筑物具有要安装有一个电梯的单个电梯井,或单个电梯井足够大以将多个电梯容纳在其中。该系统还可以在正在施工的具有多个电梯井的建筑物中实施,其中,每个电梯井要与一个或多个电梯一起安装。此外,该系统可以在大型施工现场(比如住宅区)的多个建筑物上实施。还可能的是,该系统在拆除原有过时电梯并安装新电梯的翻新项目下的现有建筑物中实施。The disclosed system is scalable and easily extendable, and can be implemented in a variety of application scenarios. The system can be implemented in buildings under construction, where the building has a single elevator shaft to be installed with one elevator, or a single elevator shaft is large enough to accommodate multiple elevators therein. The system can also be implemented in buildings under construction with multiple elevator shafts, where each elevator shaft is to be installed with one or more elevators. Furthermore, the system can be implemented on multiple buildings at large construction sites, such as residential complexes. It is also possible that the system is implemented in existing buildings under a renovation project where the original outdated elevators are removed and new ones are installed.

借助于图1例示所公开的系统,图1描绘了例示示例性电梯井出入与安全系统100的拓扑布置的示意图。系统100至少管理工人通过一个或多个电梯闸门访问一个或多个电梯井。系统100还可以被扩展以管理由系统100识别的安全相关事件并对其作出响应。系统100包括一个或多个WVST 110、一个或多个AOM 120和一个或多个DAC 130。WVST、AOM和DAC的数量是可改变的,以便使系统100适应于不同的实际应用场景,因此使系统100为可扩缩的。The disclosed system is illustrated with the aid of FIG. 1 , which depicts a schematic diagram illustrating a topological arrangement of an exemplary hoistway access and safety system 100 . System 100 at least manages worker access to one or more elevator shafts through one or more elevator gates. System 100 may also be extended to manage and respond to security-related events identified by system 100. System 100 includes one or more WVSTs 110, one or more AOMs 120, and one or more DACs 130. The number of WVSTs, AOMs and DACs is changeable in order to adapt the system 100 to different practical application scenarios, thus making the system 100 scalable.

一个或多个WVST 110用于工人识别和工人的生命体征测量。单个WVST可附接到相应工人可佩戴的PPE。在功能上,单个WVST配置为测量相应工人的一个或多个生命体征以借此产生生命体征数据。单个WVST进一步处理生命体征数据以确定相应工人是否适当地佩戴PPE以便检测相应工人是否受到适当保护。另外,给单个WVST指派用于识别相应工人的ID。One or more WVST 110 are used for worker identification and worker vital sign measurement. A single WVST can be attached to the corresponding worker-worn PPE. Functionally, a single WVST is configured to measure one or more vital signs of a corresponding worker to thereby generate vital sign data. A single WVST further processes the vital sign data to determine whether the corresponding worker is wearing PPE appropriately in order to detect whether the corresponding worker is properly protected. Additionally, individual WVSTs are assigned an ID that identifies the corresponding worker.

一个或多个AOM 120用于至少控制对一个或多个电梯井的访问。特别地,一个AOM用于控制一个电梯闸门。也就是说,单个AOM配置为控制安装在对应电梯井处的对应电梯闸门。当单个AOM与单个WVST之间的距离在预定最大通信范围内时,所述单个AOM和所述单个WVST可彼此进行无线地通信。在系统100中,旨在当相应工人靠近对应电梯闸门时进行安全检查以确定是否允许相应工人进入对应电梯井。因此,单个WVST和单个AOM的收发器通常配置为仅支持短程通信。One or more AOMs 120 are used to control access to at least one or more elevator shafts. Specifically, an AOM is used to control an elevator gate. That is, a single AOM is configured to control corresponding elevator gates installed at corresponding elevator shafts. A single AOM and a single WVST may wirelessly communicate with each other when the distance between the single AOM and the single WVST is within a predetermined maximum communication range. In the system 100, it is intended that a safety check be performed to determine whether the corresponding worker is allowed to enter the corresponding elevator shaft when the corresponding worker approaches the corresponding elevator gate. Therefore, the transceivers of a single WVST and a single AOM are often configured to support only short-range communications.

应注意,当单个可检测到的WVST位于距单个AOM的预定最大通信范围内时允许单个AOM与一个或多个WVST 110中一个或多个可检测到的WVST进行通信。由此可见,与每个AOM通信的WVST的数量动态地变化。作为示例,图1描绘了AOM 121、122和123分别与WVST111a至111d、112a至112c和113a至113e进行通信。如果携带WVST 112a的工人离开AOM 122并接近AOM 121使得WVST 112a与AOM 121之间的距离在某个时刻变得小于预定最大通信范围但WVST 112a与AOM 122之间的距离超过预定最大通信范围,则WVST 112a将通信从AOM122切换到AOM 121。It should be noted that a single AOM is allowed to communicate with one or more detectable WVSTs in one or more WVSTs 110 when the single detectable WVST is within a predetermined maximum communication range from the single AOM. It can be seen that the number of WVSTs communicating with each AOM changes dynamically. As an example, Figure 1 depicts AOMs 121, 122, and 123 communicating with WVSTs 111a to 111d, 112a to 112c, and 113a to 113e, respectively. If a worker carrying WVST 112a leaves AOM 122 and approaches AOM 121 such that the distance between WVST 112a and AOM 121 becomes less than the predetermined maximum communication range at some point but the distance between WVST 112a and AOM 122 exceeds the predetermined maximum communication range, WVST 112a then switches communications from AOM 122 to AOM 121.

一个或多个DAC 130用于至少根据一个或多个WVST 110的相应的一个或多个ID对所述一个或多个WVST 110进行认证。在系统100中,旨在使一个AOM与一个DAC进行通信,而一个DAC可以与单个AOM或多个AOM进行通信。例如,AOM 121布置为仅与DAC 131进行通信并且不与DAC 132进行通信,而DAC 131可以与AOM 121至AOM 123中的每一个进行通信。由此可见,单个AOM可与选自一个或多个DAC 130的预选DAC进行通信。预选DAC配置为确定相应工人是否被授权访问对应电梯井。One or more DACs 130 are used to authenticate one or more WVSTs 110 based on at least one or more corresponding IDs of the one or more WVSTs 110 . In system 100, one AOM is intended to communicate with one DAC, and a DAC can communicate with a single AOM or multiple AOMs. For example, AOM 121 is arranged to communicate only with DAC 131 and not with DAC 132 , while DAC 131 may communicate with each of AOM 121 to AOM 123 . As can be seen, a single AOM may communicate with a pre-selected DAC selected from one or more DACs 130 . The pre-selected DAC is configured to determine whether the corresponding worker is authorized to access the corresponding elevator shaft.

有利地,单个AOM进一步配置为使得当相应工人请求进入对应电梯井时,在(1)单个WVST经由测量一个或多个生命体征检测到相应工人受到适当保护之后并且在(2)预选DAC确认相应工人是被授权访问对应电梯井的工人之后打开对应电梯闸门以允许相应工人进入。通过这样的布置,禁止未经授权的人或人体缺乏适当保护的人对对应电梯井的访问。Advantageously, the single AOM is further configured such that when a corresponding worker requests entry to the corresponding elevator shaft, after (1) the single WVST detects that the corresponding worker is appropriately protected via measurement of one or more vital signs and after (2) the pre-selected DAC confirms that the corresponding worker The worker who is authorized to access the corresponding elevator shaft then opens the corresponding elevator gate to allow the corresponding worker to enter. By such an arrangement, access to the corresponding elevator shaft is prohibited by unauthorized persons or persons whose bodies lack adequate protection.

下面提供了优选地在系统100中实施以禁止未经授权的人和未受到适当保护的人进入对应电梯井的进一步细节。在处理生命体征数据时,单个WVST进一步配置为通过经由测量一个或多个生命体征确定存在或不存在生命体征测量失败来确定相应工人是否适当地佩戴PPE的第一结果。当单个WVST可与单个AOM进行无线地通信时,ID和第一结果可由该单个AOM从单个WVST获得。由于单个AOM和预选DAC是可通信的,因此ID可由预选DAC从单个AOM获得。预选DAC配置为根据至少ID确定相应工人是否被授权进入对应电梯井的第二结果。在获得第二结果之后,预选DAC将第二结果发送到单个AOM。单个AOM进一步配置为当相应工人请求进入对应电梯井时,仅当满足一个或多个可访问性条件时才打开对应电梯闸门。在一个或多个可访问性条件当中,第一可访问性条件是第一结果和第二结果两者都是肯定的。因此,其提供确保相应工人在进入对应电梯井之前是被授权访问对应电梯井的工人并且受到适当保护的优点。Further details that are preferably implemented in the system 100 to prohibit unauthorized persons and persons who are not properly protected from entering corresponding elevator shafts are provided below. In processing the vital sign data, the single WVST is further configured to determine a first result of whether the corresponding worker is appropriately wearing the PPE by determining the presence or absence of a vital sign measurement failure via measuring one or more vital signs. When a single WVST can communicate wirelessly with a single AOM, the ID and first result can be obtained by the single AOM from the single WVST. Since the single AOM and the preselected DAC are communicable, the ID can be obtained from the single AOM by the preselected DAC. The pre-selected DAC is configured to determine a second result of whether the corresponding worker is authorized to enter the corresponding elevator shaft based on at least the ID. After obtaining the second result, the preselected DAC sends the second result to a single AOM. The individual AOM is further configured to open the corresponding elevator gate only if one or more accessibility conditions are met when the corresponding worker requests access to the corresponding elevator shaft. Among the one or more accessibility conditions, a first accessibility condition is that both the first result and the second result are affirmative. It therefore provides the advantage of ensuring that the respective worker is a worker authorized to access the corresponding elevator shaft and is appropriately protected before entering the corresponding elevator shaft.

尽管前述优点是可通过一个或多个WVST 110、一个或多个AOM 120和一个或多个DAC 130实现的,但系统100的附加要素使得能够实现关于访问控制和安全管理的进一步优点。优选地和有利地,系统100进一步包括一个或多个WAP 140和一个CMP 150。一个或多个WAP 140可连接到互联网190以用于与一个或多个DAC 130进行无线地通信并且向其提供互联网连接。因此,一个或多个WAP 140形成无线通信网络以与一个或多个DAC 130进行通信。互联网连接的CMP 150可经由互联网190和一个或多个WAP 140与一个或多个DAC 130进行通信。CMP 150用于管理系统100并用于向现场管理员提供用户界面。While the foregoing advantages are achievable with one or more WVSTs 110, one or more AOMs 120, and one or more DACs 130, additional elements of the system 100 enable further advantages with respect to access control and security management. Preferably and advantageously, system 100 further includes one or more WAPs 140 and a CMP 150. One or more WAPs 140 may be connected to the Internet 190 for wirelessly communicating with and providing Internet connectivity to one or more DACs 130 . Accordingly, one or more WAPs 140 form a wireless communication network to communicate with one or more DACs 130 . An Internet-connected CMP 150 may communicate with one or more DACs 130 via the Internet 190 and one or more WAPs 140 . CMP 150 is used to manage system 100 and to provide a user interface to site administrators.

图2是描绘WVST 111a、AOM 121、DAC 131、WAP 141和CMP 150的结构以及它们之间的信号流的示意图,以用于进一步图示一个或多个WVST 110、一个或多个AOM 120、一个或多个DAC 130、一个或多个WAP 140和CMP 150的细节以及它们之间的交互。WVST 111a、AOM121、DAC 131和WAP 141分别表示单个WVST、单个AOM、预选DAC和单个WAP。2 is a schematic diagram depicting the structure of WVST 111a, AOM 121, DAC 131, WAP 141, and CMP 150 and signal flows therebetween to further illustrate one or more WVSTs 110, one or more AOMs 120, Details of one or more DACs 130, one or more WAPs 140, and CMP 150 and interactions between them. WVST 111a, AOM 121, DAC 131, and WAP 141 represent a single WVST, a single AOM, a preselected DAC, and a single WAP respectively.

进一步借助于图3例示了WVST 111a,图3描绘了与WVST 111a集成的PPE 310的实际实现。在WVST 111a中,一个或多个生命体征传感器211用于测量相应工人的一个或多个生命体征以便产生生命体征数据。在某些实施例中,一个或多个生命体征包括体温和心跳速率。这两个生命体征通常用于评估相应工人的身体健康。相应地,一个或多个生命体征传感器211包括用于测量体温的体温传感器311、以及用于测量心跳速率的心率传感器312。生命体征数据包括体温的读数和心跳速率的读数。The WVST 111a is further illustrated with the aid of Figure 3, which depicts a practical implementation of the PPE 310 integrated with the WVST 111a. In WVST 111a, one or more vital sign sensors 211 are used to measure one or more vital signs of corresponding workers in order to generate vital sign data. In certain embodiments, the one or more vital signs include body temperature and heart rate. These two vital signs are commonly used to assess the physical health of the respective worker. Correspondingly, the one or more vital sign sensors 211 include a body temperature sensor 311 for measuring body temperature, and a heart rate sensor 312 for measuring heartbeat rate. Vital sign data includes readings of body temperature and heart rate.

在图3中,PPE 310是安全头盔。WVST 111a配置成并适于附接到所述安全头盔。优选地,一个或多个生命体征传感器211安装在前额位置以与相应工人的前额皮肤接触。体温传感器311和心率传感器312的接近有利于生命体征测量。优选地,利用信号调节处理来自体温传感器311的测量数据以移除噪声。在心率传感器312的一个实施方式中,对从在皮肤下面流动的血液反射的光进行的实时采样可以用于揭示心跳速率。优选地,应用信号调节以从心率传感器的测量数据移除噪声,从而提高所获得的心跳速率的准确性。In Figure 3, PPE 310 is a safety helmet. WVST 111a is configured and adapted to be attached to said safety helmet. Preferably, one or more vital sign sensors 211 are installed at a forehead location so as to be in contact with the forehead skin of the respective worker. The proximity of the body temperature sensor 311 and the heart rate sensor 312 facilitates vital sign measurement. Preferably, the measurement data from the body temperature sensor 311 is processed using signal conditioning to remove noise. In one embodiment of heart rate sensor 312, real-time sampling of light reflected from blood flowing under the skin can be used to reveal the heart rate. Preferably, signal conditioning is applied to remove noise from the heart rate sensor measurement data, thereby improving the accuracy of the obtained heart rate.

应注意,安全头盔的适当佩戴应反映在心率传感器312获得正常度数并且体温传感器311产生体温超过35℃的读数中。在某些实施例中,如果生命体征数据指示体温低于35℃并且心跳速率是零或检测不到的,则确定发生了用于确定相应工人是否适当地佩戴PPE的第一结果的生命体征测量失败。无论PPE是否为安全头盔,都可以应用这个标准来确定生命体征测量失败的存在或不存在。It should be noted that the proper wearing of the safety helmet should be reflected in the heart rate sensor 312 obtaining a normal degree and the body temperature sensor 311 producing a reading in which the body temperature exceeds 35°C. In certain embodiments, if the vital sign data indicates that the body temperature is less than 35°C and the heart rate is zero or undetectable, it is determined that a first resultant vital sign measurement has occurred for determining whether the corresponding worker is appropriately wearing the PPE. fail. Regardless of whether the PPE is a safety helmet or not, this criterion can be applied to determine the presence or absence of vital sign measurement failure.

如上文所提到的,由一个或多个生命体征传感器211测量一个或多个生命体征。用于测量特定生命体征的单个生命体征传感器捕获或感测原始信号,并且然后处理原始信号以产生正在测量的生命体征的读数。仅当原始信号的期望分量具有足够高的功率时,生命体征才是可检测到的。考虑通过用于生成作为原始信号的红外功率分布的红外传感器来实现体温传感器311的示例。原始信号的期望分量是特定波长区域上红外功率分布的一部分,在所述波长区域内,具有例如35℃至40℃的温度的物体发射大量红外线。如果红外功率分布的前述部分具有低功率,则体温是检测不到的。不适当地佩戴安全头盔或PPE也使期望分量具有低功率,从而使生命体征检测不到的。应注意,在生命体征检测不到的情况下,生命体征的对应读数(即,对应生命体征数据)被视为无效的。As mentioned above, one or more vital signs are measured by one or more vital sign sensors 211. A single vital sign sensor used to measure a specific vital sign captures or senses a raw signal and then processes the raw signal to produce a reading of the vital sign being measured. Vital signs are detectable only if the desired component of the original signal has sufficiently high power. Consider an example in which the body temperature sensor 311 is implemented by an infrared sensor for generating an infrared power distribution as a raw signal. The desired component of the original signal is part of the infrared power distribution over a specific wavelength region where objects with a temperature of, for example, 35°C to 40°C emit a large amount of infrared rays. If the aforementioned part of the infrared power distribution has low power, body temperature will not be detected. Improperly wearing a safety helmet or PPE also causes the desired component to have low power, making vital signs undetectable. It should be noted that in the case where a vital sign is undetectable, the corresponding reading of the vital sign (ie, the corresponding vital sign data) is considered invalid.

在某些实施例中,如果一个或多个生命体征中的至少一个被确定为是检测不到的,则确定发生了生命体征测量失败。根据由用于测量单个生命体征的相应生命体征传感器感测到的原始信号,将单个生命体征确定为是检测不到的。用于确定发生生命体征测量失败的检测不到的生命体征的数量取决于安全策略的严格程度。在最严格的情况下,仅一个检测不到的生命体征足以导致生命体征测量失败,这指示PPE未被适当佩戴。应注意,单个生命体征的不可检测性指示对应生命体征数据是无效的。由此可见,如果生命体征数据中的至少一个是无效的,则也可以确定发生了生命体征测量失败。In certain embodiments, a vital sign measurement failure is determined to have occurred if at least one of the one or more vital signs is determined to be undetectable. An individual vital sign is determined to be undetectable based on a raw signal sensed by a corresponding vital sign sensor used to measure the individual vital sign. The number of undetectable vital signs used to determine that a vital sign measurement failure has occurred depends on the stringency of the security policy. In the most stringent scenario, just one undetectable vital sign is enough to cause a vital sign measurement failure, indicating that the PPE is not being worn appropriately. It should be noted that undetectability of a single vital sign indicates that the corresponding vital sign data is invalid. It can be seen that if at least one of the vital sign data is invalid, it can also be determined that a vital sign measurement failure has occurred.

在某些实施例中,如果根据由一个或多个生命体征传感器211感测到的一个或多个原始信号将所有一个或多个生命体征确定为是检测不到的,则确定发生了生命体征测量失败。In certain embodiments, a vital sign is determined to have occurred if all one or more vital signs are determined to be undetectable based on one or more raw signals sensed by one or more vital sign sensors 211 Measurement failed.

除了将WVST 111a安装到安全头盔之外,可以安装WVST 111a的其他可佩戴形式还包括胸带和头带。In addition to mounting the WVST 111a to a safety helmet, other wearable forms in which the WVST 111a can be mounted include chest straps and headgear.

为了安全,在存在PPE的不适当佩戴的情况下需要提醒相应工人。For safety reasons, appropriate workers need to be alerted in the event of improper wearing of PPE.

类似地,在检测到工人过热或心跳速率异常的情况下,应提醒相应工人和施工现场安全员。优选地,WVST 111a进一步配置为根据生命体征数据(如由体温传感器311或心率传感器312测量的生命体征数据)检测身体过热或心跳速率异常的发生。所述检测到的发生引发安全相关事件。响应于安全相关事件的发生,WVST 111a提醒相应工人并向AOM 121通知安全相关事件以进行紧急处理。Similarly, in the event that a worker is overheated or has an abnormal heart rate, the appropriate workers and construction site safety officers should be alerted. Preferably, the WVST 111a is further configured to detect the occurrence of body overheating or abnormal heart rate based on vital sign data (eg, vital sign data measured by the body temperature sensor 311 or the heart rate sensor 312). Said detected occurrence triggers a security-related event. In response to the occurrence of a safety-related event, WVST 111a alerts the appropriate workers and notifies the AOM 121 of the safety-related event for emergency handling.

除了生命体征测量之外,WVST 111a可以包括用于促进工人安全的一个或多个其他传感器212。In addition to vital sign measurements, WVST 111a may include one or more other sensors 212 for promoting worker safety.

热应激是工人身体因过热而遭受的状况。患有热应激状况的风险可以根据体温、周围相对湿度和环境温度来评定。在检测到热应激状况的情况下,应提醒相应工人和施工现场安全员。在某些实施例中,一个或多个其他传感器212包括湿度传感器和环境温度传感器以用于分别感测相应工人的周围环境的相对湿度和环境温度。WVST 111a进一步配置为根据体温、心跳速率、相对湿度和环境温度确定相应工人所经历的热应激的发生。所述检测到的发生引发安全相关事件。响应于安全相关事件的发生,WVST 111a提醒相应工人并向AOM 121通知安全相关事件以进行紧急处理。Heat stress is a condition that workers’ bodies suffer from overheating. The risk of developing a heat stress condition can be assessed based on body temperature, surrounding relative humidity, and ambient temperature. In the event a heat stress condition is detected, appropriate workers and construction site safety officers should be alerted. In certain embodiments, the one or more other sensors 212 include a humidity sensor and an ambient temperature sensor for sensing the relative humidity and ambient temperature, respectively, of the respective worker's surrounding environment. The WVST 111a is further configured to determine the occurrence of heat stress experienced by a corresponding worker based on body temperature, heart rate, relative humidity, and ambient temperature. Said detected occurrence triggers a security-related event. In response to the occurrence of a safety-related event, WVST 111a alerts the appropriate workers and notifies the AOM 121 of the safety-related event for emergency handling.

工人跌倒是职业安全的主要风险。在跌倒的情况下,早期救援行动至关重要。在某些实施例中,一个或多个其他传感器212包括用于检测相应工人的跌倒的3轴加速度计313。WVST 111a进一步配置为检测相应工人的突然跌倒的发生,借此,检测到的发生引起安全相关事件。响应于安全相关事件的发生,WVST 111a提醒相应工人并向AOM 121通知安全相关事件以进行紧急处理。Worker falls are a major risk to occupational safety. In the event of a fall, early rescue operations are crucial. In some embodiments, one or more other sensors 212 include a 3-axis accelerometer 313 for detecting falls of respective workers. The WVST 111a is further configured to detect the occurrence of a sudden fall of a corresponding worker, whereby the detected occurrence causes a safety related event. In response to the occurrence of a safety-related event, WVST 111a alerts the appropriate workers and notifies the AOM 121 of the safety-related event for emergency handling.

优选地,WVST 111a进一步包括用于与相应工人交互的一个或多个UI设备213。一个或多个UI设备213可以包括用于产生对相应工人的音频警告的紧急警报。当WVST 111a检测到安全相关事件时可以激活所述紧急警报。Preferably, WVST 111a further includes one or more UI devices 213 for interacting with respective workers. One or more UI devices 213 may include emergency alerts for generating audio warnings to corresponding workers. The emergency alert may be activated when WVST 111a detects a security-related event.

在WVST 111a中,包括计算处理器217,并且计算处理器用于执行信号处理任务并控制WVST 111a。In the WVST 111a, a computing processor 217 is included and is used to perform signal processing tasks and control the WVST 111a.

如上文所提到的,当AOM 121与WVST 111a分开的距离在预定最大通信范围内时,AOM 121与WVST 111a可彼此进行无线地通信。WVST 111a进一步包括用于与AOM 121进行通信并且还用于与一个或多个AOM 120中的任何AOM进行通信的WVST收发器214。应注意,出于安全原因,最通常的,只有当相应工人位于对应电梯闸门附近或甚至是前面时AOM 121才命令对应电梯闸门打开或关闭。此外,为了安装方便,AOM 121通常位于对应电梯闸门附近。由此可见,只需要将预定的最大通信范围设置为短程。优选地,利用一个或多个短程无线电协议来实施WVST收发器214。每个协议可以选自蓝牙BLE规范、Zigbee规范和Z-Wave规范。因此,预定最大通信范围通常小于30m。As mentioned above, the AOM 121 and the WVST 111a may wirelessly communicate with each other when the AOM 121 and the WVST 111a are separated by a distance within a predetermined maximum communication range. WVST 111a further includes a WVST transceiver 214 for communicating with AOM 121 and also for communicating with any of the one or more AOMs 120. It should be noted that for safety reasons, most typically, the AOM 121 commands the corresponding elevator gate to open or close only when the corresponding worker is located near or even in front of the corresponding elevator gate. In addition, for ease of installation, the AOM 121 is usually located near the corresponding elevator gate. It can be seen that only the predetermined maximum communication range needs to be set to short range. Preferably, WVST transceiver 214 is implemented utilizing one or more short-range radio protocols. Each protocol can be selected from the Bluetooth BLE specification, Zigbee specification and Z-Wave specification. Therefore, the predetermined maximum communication range is usually less than 30m.

在某些实施例中,WVST收发器214配置为周期性地广播广告信号以使AOM 121或者一个或多个AOM 120中的任何AOM能够发现WVST 111a并与之配对。可选地,对广告信号中携带的广告消息进行加密以增强针对窃听的无线安全性等。广告消息可由一个或多个AOM120中的每一个解密。例如,如果一个或多个WVST 110和一个或多个AOM 120共享相同的加密密钥,则可实现这一点。In some embodiments, WVST transceiver 214 is configured to periodically broadcast advertising signals to enable AOM 121 or any of one or more AOMs 120 to discover and pair with WVST 111a. Optionally, advertising messages carried in advertising signals are encrypted to enhance wireless security against eavesdropping, etc. Advertisement messages may be decrypted by each of one or more AOMs 120. This may be accomplished, for example, if one or more WVSTs 110 and one or more AOMs 120 share the same encryption key.

类似地,AOM 121包括配置为与WVST 111a进行通信并且还与一个或多个WVST 110中的任何WVST进行通信的AOM收发器224。实际上,AOM收发器224与一个或多个WVST 110中一个或多个可检测到的WVST(例如,如图1中所描绘的WVST 111a至111d)进行通信,其中,单个可检测到的WVST位于距AOM 121的预定最大通信范围内。Similarly, AOM 121 includes AOM transceiver 224 configured to communicate with WVST 111a and also with any of one or more WVSTs 110 . In effect, AOM transceiver 224 communicates with one or more detectable WVSTs (eg, WVSTs 111a through 111d as depicted in FIG. 1 ) of one or more WVSTs 110 , where a single detectable WVST Within the intended maximum communication range from the AOM 121.

尽管预定最大通信范围通常小于30m,但向DAC 131发送一个或多个可检测到的WVST的所有ID以进行WVST认证对于AOM 121和DAC 131两者来说都是繁重的。期望认证紧密接近对应电梯闸门(即,靠近AOM 121)的那些可检测到的WVST。在某些实施例中,AOM 121进一步配置为根据从单个可检测到的WVST发送的并且由单个AOM接收的对应广告信号的接收到的信号强度来估计单个可检测到的WVST与AOM 121之间的距离。通过使用接收到的信号强度来估计所述距离,要求系统100将一个或多个WVST 110配置为用相同发射功率广播其相应广告信号。AOM 121进一步配置为仅当估计的距离在预定距离内时才将从单个可检测到的WVST接收的对应ID转发到DAC 131以进行认证。预定距离选择成避免在携带单个可检测到的WVST的对应工人不紧密接近对应电梯闸门的情况下在DAC 131处认证单个可检测到的WVST所带来的负担。例如,所述预定距离可以设置为10m、7m或4m。Although the intended maximum communication range is typically less than 30m, sending all IDs of one or more detectable WVSTs to the DAC 131 for WVST authentication is onerous for both the AOM 121 and the DAC 131 . It is desirable to authenticate those detectable WVSTs that are in close proximity to the corresponding elevator gate (ie, close to the AOM 121). In some embodiments, the AOM 121 is further configured to estimate the distance between a single detectable WVST and the AOM 121 based on the received signal strength of a corresponding advertising signal transmitted from the single detectable WVST and received by the single AOM. distance. Using received signal strength to estimate the distance requires the system 100 to configure one or more WVSTs 110 to broadcast their respective advertising signals with the same transmit power. AOM 121 is further configured to forward the corresponding ID received from a single detectable WVST to DAC 131 for authentication only if the estimated distance is within a predetermined distance. The predetermined distance is chosen to avoid the burden of authenticating a single detectable WVST at DAC 131 if the corresponding worker carrying the single detectable WVST is not in close proximity to the corresponding elevator gate. For example, the predetermined distance may be set to 10m, 7m or 4m.

由于通常测量接收到的信号强度作为RSSI,因此AOM 121可以直接将RSSI与特定RSSI阈值进行比较,而不是估计单个可检测到的WVST与AOM 121之间的距离。在单个可检测到的WVST位于与AOM 121的预定距离处的条件下,这个阈值对应于接收到的信号强度。在某些实施例中,AOM 121进一步配置为进行以下操作:(1)确定或获得从单个可检测到的WVST发送并由AOM 121接收的对应广告信号的RSSI,以及(2)仅当RSSI大于预定RSSI阈值时才将从单个可检测到的WVST接收的对应ID转发到DAC 131以进行认证,该预定RSSI阈值选择成避免在携带单个可检测到的WVST的对应工人不紧密接近对应电梯闸门的情况下在DAC 131处认证单个可检测到的WVST所带来的负担。Since received signal strength is typically measured as RSSI, the AOM 121 can directly compare the RSSI to a specific RSSI threshold, rather than estimating the distance between a single detectable WVST and the AOM 121. This threshold corresponds to the received signal strength under the condition that a single detectable WVST is located at a predetermined distance from the AOM 121 . In some embodiments, AOM 121 is further configured to: (1) determine or obtain the RSSI of the corresponding advertising signal sent from a single detectable WVST and received by AOM 121, and (2) only if the RSSI is greater than Corresponding IDs received from a single detectable WVST are forwarded to the DAC 131 for authentication only when a predetermined RSSI threshold is selected to avoid the occurrence of a corresponding worker carrying a single detectable WVST who is not in close proximity to the corresponding elevator gate. case the burden of certifying a single detectable WVST at DAC 131.

为了增强无线安全性,优选地,WVST 111a和AOM 121配置成使得对WVST 111a与AOM 121之间的通信进行加密。本领域的技术人员将能够确定用于通信的适当密码算法或协议。To enhance wireless security, WVST 111a and AOM 121 are preferably configured such that communications between WVST 111a and AOM 121 are encrypted. Those skilled in the art will be able to determine appropriate cryptographic algorithms or protocols for communication.

在AOM 121中,包括计算处理器227,并且计算处理器用于执行计算任务并控制AOM121。In the AOM 121, a computing processor 227 is included and is used to perform computing tasks and control the AOM 121.

多个外围设备260与AOM 121一起用于辅助AOM 121执行各种控制和监测功能。优选地,AOM 121配置为与多个外围设备260互连。A plurality of peripheral devices 260 are used with the AOM 121 to assist the AOM 121 in performing various control and monitoring functions. Preferably, AOM 121 is configured to interconnect with a plurality of peripheral devices 260 .

多个外围设备260包括一个或多个电门锁261和一个或多个门传感器262。一个或多个电门锁261可由AOM 121控制以将对应电梯闸门锁上或解锁,从而使得对应电梯闸门能够打开或关闭以用于控制对对应电梯井的访问。一个或多个门传感器262用于检测对应电梯闸门的打开/关闭状态。将对应电梯闸门的打开/关闭状态发送到AOM 121。在一个或多个门传感器262检测到对应电梯闸门长时间打开同时AOM 121命令一个或多个电门锁261将对应电梯闸门锁上的情况下,发生安全相关事件并且由AOM 121检测到所述安全相关事件,从而触发AOM 121作出响应。The plurality of peripheral devices 260 includes one or more electric door locks 261 and one or more door sensors 262 . One or more electric door locks 261 may be controlled by the AOM 121 to lock or unlock the corresponding elevator door, thereby enabling the corresponding elevator door to be opened or closed for controlling access to the corresponding elevator shaft. One or more door sensors 262 are used to detect the open/closed status of corresponding elevator gates. Send the open/closed status of the corresponding elevator gate to AOM 121. In the event that one or more door sensors 262 detect that the corresponding elevator gate is open for a long time and the AOM 121 commands one or more electric door locks 261 to lock the corresponding elevator gate, a security-related event occurs and is detected by the AOM 121 Security-related events, triggering AOM 121 to respond.

除了控制对一个或多个电梯井的访问之外,一个或多个AOM 120的另一个用途是监测一个或多个电梯井的占用情况。在某些实施例中,多个外围设备260进一步包括一个或多个运动传感器263以用于检测对应电梯井中的移动物体,从而允许监测对应电梯井并且允许确定其占用情况。在某些实施例中,AOM 121进一步配置为根据一个或多个运动传感器263的测量结果检测在对应电梯井中在允许进入的时钟时间之外的人员存在,并且对由检测到的人员存在导致的安全相关事件作出响应。In addition to controlling access to one or more elevator shafts, another use of one or more AOMs 120 is to monitor occupancy of one or more elevator shafts. In certain embodiments, the plurality of peripherals 260 further include one or more motion sensors 263 for detecting moving objects in the corresponding elevator shaft, thereby allowing the corresponding elevator shaft to be monitored and allowing its occupancy to be determined. In certain embodiments, the AOM 121 is further configured to detect the presence of a person in the corresponding elevator hoistway outside of the clock time for which entry is permitted based on measurements of the one or more motion sensors 263 and to respond to the presence of a person resulting from the detected person's presence. Respond to security-related incidents.

至少当相应工人接近对应电梯闸门并请求进入对应电梯井时,要求AOM 121与工人交互。优选地,多个外围设备260进一步包括用于使得AOM 121能够与相应工人交互的一个或多个IO设备269。在某些实施例中,一个或多个IO设备269包括用于使得相应工人请求通过对应电梯闸门进入对应电梯井的第一锁定释放按钮264、用于警告相应工人的音响警报265、以及用于指示对应电梯井的一个或多个状态的一个或多个状态指示LED 266。所述一个或多个状态可能与电梯井的占用状况、照明条件、空气条件、安全相关事件的发生等有关。The AOM 121 is required to interact with the worker at least when the worker approaches the corresponding elevator gate and requests entry to the corresponding elevator shaft. Preferably, the plurality of peripheral devices 260 further includes one or more IO devices 269 for enabling the AOM 121 to interact with the respective workers. In certain embodiments, one or more IO devices 269 include a first lock release button 264 for causing the corresponding worker to request entry into the corresponding elevator shaft through the corresponding elevator gate, an audible alarm 265 for warning the corresponding worker, and One or more status indication LEDs 266 indicate one or more statuses corresponding to the elevator shaft. The one or more states may be related to the occupancy status of the elevator shaft, lighting conditions, air conditions, occurrence of safety-related events, etc.

可选地,一个或多个IO设备269进一步包括第二锁定释放按钮264,所述第二锁定释放按钮用于当对应电梯井中的特定工人希望离开对应电梯井时打开对应电梯闸门。能够接收前述特定工人的对应WVST的ID的AOM 121记录这个工人的离开时间。Optionally, the one or more IO devices 269 further include a second lock release button 264 for opening the corresponding elevator gate when a particular worker in the corresponding elevator shaft wishes to exit the corresponding elevator shaft. The AOM 121 that can receive the ID corresponding to the WVST of the specific worker records the departure time of this worker.

可选地,一个或多个外围设备260是具有互联网连接的IoT设备。例如,一个或多个电门锁261是一个或多个智能门锁。Optionally, one or more peripheral devices 260 are IoT devices with Internet connectivity. For example, one or more electric door locks 261 are one or more smart door locks.

如上文所提到的,AOM 121通常位于对应电梯闸门附近。因此,AOM 121通常离多个外围设备260不远。在连接AOM 121与单个外围设备时,双绞电缆由于抗噪声性而是优选的选择,同时双绞电缆通常不昂贵。As mentioned above, the AOM 121 is typically located near the corresponding elevator gate. Therefore, AOM 121 is typically not far from multiple peripheral devices 260 . When connecting the AOM 121 to individual peripheral devices, twisted pair cable is the preferred choice due to its noise immunity and is generally inexpensive.

AOM 121接收WVST 111a的ID并且将接收到的ID转发到DAC 131以进行WVST认证。DAC 131包括本地数据库231,所述本地数据库包括用于WVST认证的有效ID列表。在实际情形下,最常见的,DAC 131不仅根据ID而且根据一个或多个附加标准来确定相应工人是否被授权进入对应电梯井的第二结果。所述一个或多个附加标准因情况而异,并且可以由本领域的技术人员根据所考虑的实际情形来确定。所述一个或多个附加标准可以包括:允许相应工人通过的选定电梯闸门的列表;允许相应工人访问对应电梯井的一个或多个时间段的列表;或其组合。前述两个列表可以与有效ID列表一起存储在本地数据库231中。AOM 121 receives the ID of WVST 111a and forwards the received ID to DAC 131 for WVST authentication. DAC 131 includes a local database 231 that includes a list of valid IDs for WVST authentication. In practical situations, most commonly, the DAC 131 determines the second result of whether the corresponding worker is authorized to enter the corresponding elevator shaft based not only on the ID but also on one or more additional criteria. The one or more additional criteria vary from case to case and can be determined by a person skilled in the art based on the actual situation under consideration. The one or more additional criteria may include: a list of selected elevator gates through which the corresponding worker is allowed to pass; a list of one or more time periods during which the corresponding worker is allowed to access the corresponding elevator shaft; or a combination thereof. The aforementioned two lists may be stored in the local database 231 together with the valid ID list.

类似地,在DAC 131中包括计算处理器237,以用于执行包括WVST认证的各种计算任务并用于控制DAC 131。Similarly, a computing processor 237 is included in DAC 131 for performing various computing tasks including WVST authentication and for controlling DAC 131 .

AOM 121和DAC 131通过通信链路172彼此进行通信。链路172可以有线的或无线的。优选地,通过电线或电缆来实现链路172,以便允许所述电线或电缆额外地将电力从DAC131提供给AOM 121。在某些实施例中,通信链路172符合RS-485标准,并且通过形成RS-485电缆的双绞电缆来操作。所述RS-485标准在通信中利用差分信号,从而增强抗噪声性。RS-485电缆可以有利地用于向AOM 121提供电力。AOM 121 and DAC 131 communicate with each other via communication link 172 . Link 172 may be wired or wireless. Link 172 is preferably implemented by wires or cables to allow the wires or cables to additionally provide power from DAC 131 to AOM 121 . In some embodiments, communication link 172 complies with the RS-485 standard and operates over twisted pair cables forming an RS-485 cable. The RS-485 standard utilizes differential signaling in communications, thereby enhancing noise immunity. RS-485 cable may advantageously be used to provide power to the AOM 121.

除了与AOM 121进行下游通信之外,DAC 131还经由WAP 141与CMP 150进行上游通信。DAC 131包括用于与WAP 141进行通信的DAC收发器234。In addition to downstream communication with AOM 121 , DAC 131 also communicates upstream with CMP 150 via WAP 141 . DAC 131 includes DAC transceiver 234 for communicating with WAP 141.

WAP 141可以配置为在一个或多个无线电协议下支持无线通信。适当无线电协议的示例包括WiFi规范、LoRaWAN规范、NB-IoT规范、Sigfox规范、RPMA规范和蜂窝移动通信标准。WAP 141 may be configured to support wireless communications under one or more radio protocols. Examples of suitable radio protocols include WiFi specifications, LoRaWAN specifications, NB-IoT specifications, Sigfox specifications, RPMA specifications, and cellular mobile communications standards.

通常,具有对应电梯井的建筑物正在施工中,使得有线通信基础设施在建筑物中不可用。在某些实施例中,WAP 141实施有用于与DAC 131进行通信的短程或中程通信收发器(比如WiFi收发器)以及用于连接到移动通信系统(该系统又连接到互联网190)的远程无线通信收发器(比如5G通信模块)。应注意,可能要求WAP 141安装在建筑物的电源电力不容易获得的位置处,从而迫使WAP 141是电池供电的。优选地,在比如LoRaWAN协议等低功率通信协议下操作WAP 141的短程或中程通信收发器。Often, buildings with corresponding elevator shafts are under construction, making wired communication infrastructure unavailable in the building. In some embodiments, WAP 141 is implemented with a short- or medium-range communication transceiver (such as a WiFi transceiver) for communicating with DAC 131 and a long-range communication transceiver for connecting to a mobile communication system that is in turn connected to the Internet 190 Wireless communication transceiver (such as 5G communication module). It should be noted that the WAP 141 may be required to be installed in a location where the building's mains power is not readily available, forcing the WAP 141 to be battery powered. Preferably, the short-range or medium-range communication transceivers of WAP 141 operate under a low-power communication protocol, such as the LoRaWAN protocol.

如上文提到的,CMP 150用于管理系统100并且向现场管理员提供用户界面255。实际上,CMP 150通过可连接到互联网190的计算服务器来实现。CMP 150的一种用途是用有效ID列表定期更新DAC 131,所述列表指示被授权进入对应电梯井的特定工人。还可能需要CMP 150定期更新:允许相应工人通过的选定电梯闸门的列表;和/或允许相应工人访问对应电梯井的一个或多个时间段的列表。优选地,CMP 150包括用于存储与每个WVST相关联的工人信息和访问控制信息的数据库251。As mentioned above, CMP 150 is used to manage system 100 and provide user interface 255 to site administrators. In practice, CMP 150 is implemented via a computing server that can be connected to the Internet 190 . One use of CMP 150 is to periodically update DAC 131 with a list of valid IDs indicating specific workers who are authorized to enter the corresponding elevator shaft. The CMP 150 may also be required to periodically update: a list of selected elevator gates through which the corresponding worker is allowed to pass; and/or a list of one or more time periods during which the corresponding worker is allowed to access the corresponding elevator shaft. Preferably, CMP 150 includes a database 251 for storing worker information and access control information associated with each WVST.

除了管理一个或多个电梯井的访问控制之外,CMP 150还执行其他管理任务。通常,CMP 150收集一个或多个WVST 110、一个或多个AOM 120和一个或多个DAC 130的状态,以便于现场管理员跟踪关于施工现场的最新信息。另外,CMP 150配置为对通过DAC 131从AOM 121报告的安全相关事件作出响应。例如,每当发生新的安全相关事件时,CMP 150就提醒施工现场安全员。当CMP 150连接到互联网190时,可以通过例如使用启用互联网的移动计算设备实时连接到CMP 150来快速提醒安全员。In addition to managing access control for one or more elevator shafts, the CMP 150 performs other management tasks. Typically, the CMP 150 collects the status of one or more WVSTs 110, one or more AOMs 120, and one or more DACs 130 to facilitate site managers to track the latest information about the construction site. Additionally, CMP 150 is configured to respond to security-related events reported from AOM 121 via DAC 131 . For example, the CMP 150 alerts construction site safety officers every time a new safety-related incident occurs. When the CMP 150 is connected to the Internet 190, security officers can be quickly alerted by, for example, using an Internet-enabled mobile computing device to connect to the CMP 150 in real time.

在某些实施例中,利用以下模块对用于实现CMP 150的计算服务器进行编程:访问管理模块252,用于管理工人对一个或多个电梯井的访问;事件管理模块253,用于管理来自一个或多个AOM 120报告的任何安全相关事件并对其作出响应;和系统配置模块254,用于管理一个或多个WVST 110、一个或多个AOM 120和一个或多个DAC 130的配置。优选地并且有利地,系统配置模块附加地用于管理一个或多个WAP 140的配置。随着施工作业的进行,可能不时需要一个或多个WAP 140的重新配置,其中,重新定位一些WAP并添加新的DAC可能会发生。In certain embodiments, a computing server implementing CMP 150 is programmed with: an access management module 252 for managing worker access to one or more elevator shafts; an event management module 253 for managing access from and respond to any security-related events reported by one or more AOMs 120; and a system configuration module 254 for managing the configuration of one or more WVSTs 110, one or more AOMs 120, and one or more DACs 130. Preferably and advantageously, the system configuration module is additionally used to manage the configuration of one or more WAPs 140. As construction operations proceed, reconfiguration of one or more WAPs 140 may be required from time to time, where relocating some WAPs and adding new DACs may occur.

计算服务器可以是物理计算机,或者替代性地是计算云中的分布式服务器。A computing server may be a physical computer, or alternatively a distributed server in a computing cloud.

用户界面255可以通过一个或多个物理IO设备(比如触摸屏、GUI仪表板等)来实现。由于CMP 150是互联网连接的,因此用户界面255还可以实现为软件模块,所述软件模块被编程为通过互联网190与远程用户的IO设备进行通信。User interface 255 may be implemented through one or more physical IO devices (such as touch screens, GUI dashboards, etc.). Since the CMP 150 is Internet connected, the user interface 255 may also be implemented as a software module programmed to communicate with the remote user's IO device over the Internet 190 .

如下阐述系统100的其他实施细节。Additional implementation details of system 100 are set forth below.

优选地,WVST 111a可拆卸地附接到PPE,使得当原始PPE由于例如老化而损坏或磨损时,WVST 111a可以从原始PPE中取出并被重新使用到新的PPE中。Preferably, the WVST 111a is removably attached to the PPE such that when the original PPE becomes damaged or worn due to age, for example, the WVST 111a can be removed from the original PPE and reused into new PPE.

在由AOM 121用于确定是否允许相应工人进入对应电梯井的一个或多个可访问性条件下,第二可访问性条件可以是对应电梯井被充分地照明。有利地,多个外围设备260可以进一步包括照度计或光传感器,所述照度计或光传感器安装在对应电梯井中对应电梯闸门附近,或者安装在对应电梯井中通过对应电梯闸门不可见的位置处。Among the one or more accessibility conditions used by the AOM 121 to determine whether the corresponding worker is allowed to enter the corresponding elevator shaft, the second accessibility condition may be that the corresponding elevator shaft is adequately illuminated. Advantageously, the plurality of peripheral devices 260 may further include a illuminance meter or light sensor installed in the corresponding elevator shaft near the corresponding elevator gate, or installed in the corresponding elevator shaft at a location not visible through the corresponding elevator gate.

系统100可以被配置使得与职业安全有关并且在参观对应电梯井期间由WVST111a和AOM 121针对相应工人生成的各种数据集传输到CMP 150以供记录。优选地,数据集中的一个数据集是生命体征数据。其他数据集可能与进入对应电梯井的时间、离开对应电梯井的时间、在参观期间相应工人随时间变化距AOM 121的距离等有关。在某些实施例中,WVST 111a配置为将生命体征数据发送到AOM 121。AOM 121和DAC 131配置为将生命体征数据中继到CMP 150。生命体征数据存储在CMP 150中以供记录。System 100 may be configured such that various data sets related to occupational safety and generated by WVST 111a and AOM 121 for corresponding workers during visits to corresponding elevator shafts are transmitted to CMP 150 for recording. Preferably, one of the data sets is vital sign data. Other data sets may relate to the time of entry into the corresponding elevator shaft, the time of exit from the corresponding elevator shaft, the distance of the corresponding worker from the AOM 121 over time during the visit, etc. In some embodiments, WVST 111a is configured to send vital signs data to AOM 121 . AOM 121 and DAC 131 are configured to relay vital signs data to CMP 150. Vital sign data is stored in the CMP 150 for recording purposes.

如上文提到的,单个AOM通常安装在对应电梯闸门附近。在具有许多楼层的正在施工的建筑物中,一个DAC可以用于控制位于一个楼层上的多个AOM。如此,将这个DAC与多个AOM放在同一楼层上,使得这个DAC与多个AOM之间的电缆布线是在同一楼层上进行的,从而提供电缆布线的便利性。安装在建筑物中以支持与建筑物中的所有DAC进行无线通信的所需WAP数量取决于楼层数量以及WAP中所使用的载波频率。具有较低载波频率的无线电信号在室内无线电传播中更具穿透性。As mentioned above, a single AOM is usually installed near the corresponding elevator gate. In a building under construction with many floors, one DAC can be used to control multiple AOMs located on one floor. In this way, placing this DAC and multiple AOMs on the same floor allows cable routing between this DAC and multiple AOMs to be performed on the same floor, thereby providing convenience in cable routing. The required number of WAPs installed in a building to support wireless communication with all DACs in the building depends on the number of floors and the carrier frequency used in the WAPs. Radio signals with lower carrier frequencies are more penetrating in indoor radio propagation.

在不背离本发明的精神或基本特性的情况下可以以其他特定形式来体现本发明。因此,本实施例应在所有方面被视为说明性的而非限制性的。本发明的范围由所附权利要求而非由前述描述来指示,并且在权利要求的等同的含义和范围内的所有变化因此旨在包含在其中。The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, this embodiment should be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the equivalent meaning and scope of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (31)

1. A hoistway access and security system for at least managing secure access to one or more hoistways by workers via one or more controllable elevator gates, the system comprising:
One or more Worker Vital Sign Tags (WVSTs) for identification and vital sign measurement of the worker, a single WVST attachable to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) wearable by the respective worker, the single WVST configured to measure one or more vital signs of the respective worker to thereby generate vital sign data, the single WVST assigned an Identifier (ID) for identifying the respective worker;
one or more Access and Occupancy Microcontrollers (AOMs) for controlling access to at least the one or more elevator shafts, a single AOM configured to control a corresponding elevator gate installed at a corresponding elevator shaft, the single AOM and the single WVST being in wireless communication with each other when a distance between the single AOM and the single WVST is within a predetermined maximum communication range; and
one or more Distributed Authentication Controllers (DACs) for authenticating the one or more WVSTs based at least on their respective one or more IDs, the single AOM being capable of communicating with a preselected DAC selected from the one or more DACs;
Wherein the single AOM is further configured to open a corresponding elevator gate to allow access by a respective worker after the single WVST detects that the respective worker is properly protected via measuring the one or more vital signs and after the pre-selection DAC confirms that the respective worker is a worker authorized to access the corresponding elevator hoistway when the respective worker requests access to the corresponding elevator hoistway.
2. The hoistway access and security system of claim 1, wherein:
the single WVST is further configured to determine a first outcome of whether the PPE is properly worn by the respective worker by determining the presence or absence of a vital sign measurement failure via measuring the one or more vital signs;
ID and first result are obtainable by the single AOM from the single WVST;
an ID is obtainable from the single AOM by the pre-selection DAC, the pre-selection DAC configured to determine a second result of whether the respective worker is authorized to enter the corresponding hoistway based on at least the ID, and configured to send the second result to the single AOM; and is also provided with
The single AOM is further configured to open the corresponding elevator gate only when one or more accessibility conditions are met when the corresponding worker requests access to the corresponding elevator hoistway, a first accessibility condition of the one or more accessibility conditions being that both the first result and the second result are affirmative, thereby ensuring that the corresponding worker is a worker authorized to access the corresponding elevator hoistway and is properly secured prior to entering the corresponding elevator hoistway.
3. The hoistway access and security system of claim 2, wherein:
the one or more vital signs include body temperature and heart rate; and is also provided with
The single WVST includes a body temperature sensor for measuring the body temperature, and a heart rate sensor for measuring the heart rate.
4. The hoistway access and safety system of claim 3, wherein if the vital sign data indicates that the body temperature is below 35 ℃ and the heart beat rate is undetectable, a vital sign measurement failure is determined to occur.
5. The hoistway access and security system of claim 3, wherein the single WVST is further configured to:
detecting the occurrence of physical overheating or abnormal heart rate from the vital sign data, whereby the detected occurrence triggers a safety-related event; and is also provided with
In response to the occurrence of the safety-related event, the respective worker is alerted and the single AOM is notified of the safety-related event for emergency treatment.
6. The hoistway access and security system of claim 3, wherein:
the single WVST further includes a humidity sensor and an ambient temperature sensor for sensing a relative humidity and an ambient temperature of the surroundings of the corresponding worker, respectively; and is also provided with
The single WVST is further configured to:
determining an occurrence of a thermal stress experienced by the respective worker from the body temperature, the heart beat rate, the relative humidity, and the ambient temperature, whereby the detected occurrence initiates a safety-related event; and is also provided with
In response to the occurrence of the safety-related event, the respective worker is alerted and the single AOM is notified of the safety-related event for emergency treatment.
7. The hoistway access and security system of claim 2, wherein if at least one of the one or more vital signs is determined to be undetectable, a vital sign measurement failure is determined to occur.
8. The hoistway access and security system of claim 2, wherein:
the single WVST includes one or more vital sign sensors for measuring the one or more vital signs of the respective worker; and is also provided with
If all of the one or more vital signs are determined to be undetected based on one or more raw signals sensed by the one or more vital sign sensors, a vital sign measurement failure is determined to occur.
9. The hoistway access and security system of claim 1, wherein:
The single WVST includes a 3-axis accelerometer for detecting a fall of a corresponding worker; and is also provided with
The single WVST is further configured to:
detecting the occurrence of a sudden fall of the respective worker, whereby the detected occurrence initiates a safety-related event; and is also provided with
In response to the occurrence of the safety-related event, the respective worker is alerted and the single AOM is notified of the safety-related event for emergency treatment.
10. The hoistway access and security system of claim 1, wherein the single WVST comprises a WVST transceiver for communicating with the single AOM, the WVST transceiver configured to periodically broadcast advertisement signals to enable the single AOM to discover and pair with the single WVST.
11. The hoistway access and security system of claim 10, wherein advertisement messages carried in the advertisement signals are encrypted, the advertisement messages being decryptable by each of the one or more AOMs.
12. The hoistway access and security system of claim 10, wherein the WVST transceiver is implemented using one or more short range radio protocols selected from Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) specifications, zigbee specifications, and Z-wave specifications.
13. The hoistway access and safety system of claim 1, wherein the single WVST is configured to attach to a safety helmet used as PPE.
14. The hoistway access and security system of claim 1, wherein the single AOM is configured to interconnect to a plurality of peripheral devices, the plurality of peripheral devices comprising:
one or more electric door locks controllable by the single AOM to lock or unlock a corresponding elevator door, thereby enabling the corresponding elevator door to be opened or closed for controlling access to the corresponding elevator hoistway; and
one or more door sensors for detecting an open/closed state of the corresponding elevator door.
15. The elevator access and security system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of peripheral devices further comprises one or more motion sensors for detecting moving objects in the corresponding elevator hoistway, thereby allowing the corresponding elevator hoistway to be monitored and its occupancy to be determined.
16. The hoistway access and security system of claim 15, wherein the single AOM is further configured to detect a presence of a person in the corresponding hoistway outside of a permitted access clock time based on measurements of the one or more motion sensors and to respond to a security related event caused by the detected presence of the person.
17. The hoistway access and security system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of peripheral devices further comprises one or more input/output (IO) devices for enabling the single AOM to interact with a respective worker.
18. The hoistway access and security system of claim 17, wherein the one or more IO devices comprise:
a lock release button for enabling a respective worker to request access to a corresponding hoistway through a corresponding elevator gate;
an audible alarm for alerting a respective worker; and
one or more status indicating Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for indicating the status of the corresponding elevator hoistway.
19. The hoistway access and security system of claim 14, wherein at least one device of the plurality of peripheral devices is an internet of things (IoT) device.
20. The electrical hoistway access and security system of claim 10, wherein the single AOM comprises an AOM transceiver configured to communicate with one or more detectable WVSTs of the one or more WVSTs when a single detectable WVST is within a predetermined maximum communication range from the single AOM.
21. The hoistway access and security system of claim 20, wherein the single AOM is further configured to:
estimating a distance between a single detectable WVST and the single AOM from received signal strengths of corresponding advertisement signals transmitted from the single detectable WVST and received by the single AOM; and is also provided with
The corresponding ID received from the single detectable WVST is forwarded to a preselected DAC for authentication only if the estimated distance is within a predetermined distance selected to avoid the burden of authenticating the single detectable WVST at the preselected DAC if the corresponding worker carrying the single detectable WVST is not in close proximity to the corresponding elevator gate.
22. The hoistway access and security system of claim 20, wherein the single AOM is further configured to:
determining or obtaining a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of a corresponding advertisement signal transmitted from a single detectable WVST and received by the single AOM; and is also provided with
The corresponding ID received from the single detectable WVST is forwarded to a preselected DAC for authentication only if the RSSI is greater than a predetermined RSSI threshold selected to avoid the burden of authenticating the single detectable WVST at the preselected DAC if the corresponding worker carrying the single detectable WVST is not in close proximity to the corresponding elevator gate.
23. The hoistway access and security system of claim 1, wherein the single WVST and the single AOM are configured such that communications between the single WVST and the single AOM are encrypted.
24. The hoistway access and security system of claim 1, wherein the pre-selection DAC is further configured to determine the second result based on one or more additional criteria other than ID, the one or more additional criteria comprising:
list of selected elevator gates that the respective worker is allowed to pass: or (b)
Allowing the respective worker to access a list of one or more time periods corresponding to the elevator hoistway.
25. The hoistway access and security system of any of claims 1-24, further comprising:
one or more Wireless Access Points (WAPs) connectable to the internet to wirelessly communicate with and provide internet connectivity to the one or more DACs.
26. The hoistway access and security system of claim 25, wherein a single WAP is configured to support wireless communications under one or more radio protocols selected from a WiFi specification, a remote wide area network (lorewan) specification, a narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) specification, a Sigfox specification, a Random Phase Multiple Access (RPMA) specification, and a cellular mobile communications standard.
27. The hoistway access and security system of claim 25, further comprising:
a Centralized Management Platform (CMP) implemented by a computing server connectable to the internet, the CMP being capable of communicating with the one or more DACs via the one or more WAPs to manage the one or more DACs and to provide a user interface to a field manager, wherein the CMP is configured to periodically update the preselected DACs with a list of valid IDs, the list indicating specific workers authorized to enter the corresponding elevator hoistway.
28. The hoistway access and security system of claim 27, wherein:
the single WVST is configured to send vital sign data to the single AOM;
the single AOM and the preselected DAC are configured to relay the vital sign data to the CMP; and is also provided with
The CMP is configured to store the vital sign data for recording.
29. The hoistway access and security system of claim 27, wherein the computing server comprises a database for storing worker information and access control information associated with each WVST.
30. The hoistway access and security system of claim 27, wherein the computing server is programmed with:
An access management module for managing access by workers to the one or more elevator shafts;
an event management module for managing and responding to any security-related events reported from the one or more AOMs; and
a system configuration module for managing the configuration of the one or more WVSTs, the one or more AOMs, the one or more DACs, and the one or more WAPs.
31. The hoistway access and security system of claim 30, wherein the computing server is a distributed server in a computing cloud.
CN202280011005.7A 2021-01-22 2022-01-06 Elevator shaft access and safety system Pending CN116829485A (en)

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