CN116826242A - Square lithium battery thermal management system capable of freely assembling and coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation - Google Patents
Square lithium battery thermal management system capable of freely assembling and coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116826242A CN116826242A CN202310952269.9A CN202310952269A CN116826242A CN 116826242 A CN116826242 A CN 116826242A CN 202310952269 A CN202310952269 A CN 202310952269A CN 116826242 A CN116826242 A CN 116826242A
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- phase
- change
- cooling
- square lithium
- lithium battery
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Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat management system capable of freely assembling square lithium batteries, which is used for coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation, and comprises square lithium batteries, a stepped phase-change cooling assembly, an air-cooling channel and an end cover; according to the invention, the characteristic of high temperature at the electrode of the lithium battery is combined, the stepped phase-change cooling assembly is designed, and air cooling is performed through a naturally formed channel between the phase-change cooling assemblies, so that the phase-change cooling and air cooling integrated design is formed. Because the phase change component adopts a single-piece design, the phase change component can be freely assembled according to the quantity requirement of lithium batteries. The phase-change cooling component adopts the foam copper-paraffin composite phase-change material with high heat conductivity coefficient to rapidly and uniformly absorb heat generated during the working of the lithium battery, so as to ensure the uniform and constant surface temperature of the battery. Meanwhile, part of heat absorbed by the phase change material is dissipated to the environment through the air cooling channel, so that the effective temperature control time of the phase change material is prolonged, and the regeneration of the phase change material is realized in time. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, small dead weight, free assembly, stable working performance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of new energy automobile batteries, in particular to a thermal management system of a square lithium battery capable of being assembled freely, wherein the thermal management system is used for coupling phase-change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation.
Background
In the field of new energy automobiles, square lithium batteries are one of the most commonly used battery types, but the lithium batteries generate a large amount of heat energy nearby positive and negative poles in the use process, so that the temperature of the lithium batteries rises and the temperature distribution of the batteries is uneven, and the square lithium batteries are large in single volume, the heating ends inside the batteries are far away from an external shell, and the conducting medium and the interface structure are complex, so that heat dissipation becomes difficult. If the square lithium battery is continuously operated at a high temperature, the thermal runaway phenomenon is easily caused, the battery performance is damaged, even a fire disaster occurs, and the safety of a user is endangered, so that the thermal management of the lithium battery is particularly important.
The phase-change cooling is one of the effective modes for carrying out heat management on the lithium battery, and the characteristic that the temperature of the phase-change material is constant in the endothermic melting process is utilized to cool the surface of the battery, so that the temperature of the battery is kept uniform and constant. However, in the traditional phase-change cooling thermal management system, due to the limited heat storage capacity of the phase-change material, more phase-change materials are needed during long-term working, so that the dead weight is overlarge; the heat is difficult to be dissipated to the outside after the battery pack is packaged, and the temperature can be continuously increased after the phase change material is completely melted, so that the cooling capacity is lost; in addition, after the battery stops working, the heat dissipation rate of the phase-change material is slow, and the regeneration is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the traditional phase-change cooling heat management means, and provides a heat management system for the square lithium battery capable of freely assembling, which is used for coupling phase-change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation, so that the long-term effective control of the temperature of the square lithium battery of a new energy automobile is realized, and the dead weight of a cooling assembly can be obviously reduced.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a heat management system of a square lithium battery capable of freely assembling for coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation comprises a square lithium battery 1, a stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2, an air cooling channel 3 and an end cover 4; two sides of the square lithium battery 1 are tightly attached to the phase-change cooling assembly 2, the upper half part of the square lithium battery 1, which is close to the electrode side, is tightly contacted with one thicker end of the stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2, the lower half part of the square lithium battery 1, which is far away from the electrode side, is tightly contacted with one thinner end of the stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2, and heat generated by the battery is absorbed by the stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2; the thicker ends of the two stepped phase-change cooling assemblies 2 between two adjacent square lithium batteries 1 are in close contact, and an air cooling channel 3 is formed between the thinner ends to exchange heat absorbed by the stepped phase-change cooling assemblies 2 with air; the stepped phase-change cooling assemblies 2 adopt a sheet type unit structure, can be freely assembled with the square lithium batteries 1, and the two stepped phase-change cooling assemblies 2 and one square lithium battery 1 form repeated symmetrical units, and a plurality of units repeatedly form a battery pack; the end cap 4 is used to fix the battery pack.
The end cover 4 belongs to an integrated clamping groove structure, metal plates at two ends of the end cover are arranged on the outer sides of the stepped phase-change cooling assemblies 2 at two sides of the battery pack and used for fixing the battery pack, and the metal plates at the bottom of the end cover 4 are used for fixing the battery pack below the battery pack. .
The stepped phase change cooling assembly 2 adjusts the step number and the corresponding phase change material thickness of each level according to the heat generation amount of the square lithium battery 1.
The stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2 is internally filled with a foamy copper-paraffin composite phase-change temperature control material with high heat conduction performance, and the size and the consumption of the foamy copper-paraffin composite phase-change material are adjusted according to the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack.
The stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2 is characterized in that the shell is made of an aluminum alloy packaging material with light weight, thin wall and high heat conductivity, so that the dead weight of the assembled battery pack is reduced.
The air cooling channel 3 is naturally formed by two adjacent stepped phase change cooling assemblies, and is contacted with ambient air to dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation capacity is increased, and the temperature control time is prolonged; when the square lithium battery has high heat generating power and high ambient temperature, the square lithium battery is combined with forced air cooling, so that a better cooling effect is achieved.
The end cover 4 is made of an aluminum alloy material with light weight, thin wall and high heat conductivity, and is designed and adapted according to the number of the battery packs, so that a plurality of square lithium batteries and the stepped phase-change cooling assembly are tightly fixed together.
The invention has the following effects: the square lithium battery thermal management system capable of being assembled freely based on coupling phase change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation is ingenious and novel in structural design. The phase change cooling component combines the heat generating characteristic of the battery, adopts the structural design of a sheet type unit, and can be freely assembled to form a natural air cooling channel. The self weight can be reduced while realizing uniform and rapid temperature control, and the advantages of phase change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation are fully combined. In terms of temperature control, the phase change cooling assembly will maintain the cell surface temperature constant and evenly distributed as the phase change material melt temperature is reached. Meanwhile, the air cooling channel is formed, so that the heat radiation capacity is improved, the arrival time of the heat storage limit of the phase change material is prolonged, and the heat storage limit can be combined with a forced air cooling system to correspond to extreme working conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat management system for a square lithium battery capable of being assembled freely based on coupling phase change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a repeating symmetrical unit in a heat management system for a square lithium battery capable of being assembled freely based on coupling phase change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1: a heat management system capable of freely assembling square lithium batteries based on coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation comprises square lithium batteries 1, a stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2, an air cooling channel 3 and an end cover 4. The upper half part of the square lithium battery 1 close to the electrode side is closely contacted with the thicker end of the stepped phase-change cooling component 2; the lower half part of the square lithium battery 1, which is close to the side far away from the electrode, is closely contacted with the thinner end of the stepped phase-change cooling component 2; the phase change cooling component 2 adopts a sheet type unit structure and can be assembled freely. The air cooling channel 3 is naturally formed by two adjacent stepped phase change cooling assemblies 2, and is contacted with ambient air to dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation capacity is increased, and the temperature control time is prolonged; when the square lithium battery has high heat generating power and high ambient temperature, the square lithium battery is combined with forced air cooling, so that a better cooling effect is achieved. The two stepped phase change cooling modules 2 and the square lithium battery 1 form repeated symmetrical units, and a plurality of units are repeatedly formed into a battery pack. The invention focuses on a square lithium battery thermal management system combining the stepped phase-change cooling component 2 and the air cooling channel 3 for coupling heat dissipation, so that an internal net structure of the phase-change cooling component 2 is omitted in the figure and is not drawn. The heat management system for the square lithium battery capable of being assembled freely based on coupling phase change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation provided by the embodiment of the invention can be seen as being composed of a plurality of repeated symmetrical units shown in fig. 2, and fig. 1 shows a battery pack composed of only 4 repeated symmetrical units for convenience in display, so that the practical number can be more.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end cover 4 is of an integral clamping groove structure, the metal plates at two ends of the end cover are arranged outside the stepped phase-change cooling assemblies 2 at two sides of the battery pack, and are used for fixing the battery pack, and the metal plate at the bottom of the end cover 4 is used for fixing the battery pack below the battery pack. The end cover 4 is made of an aluminum alloy material with light weight, thin wall and high heat conductivity, and is designed and adapted according to the number of the battery packs, so that a plurality of square lithium batteries and the stepped phase-change cooling assembly are tightly fixed together.
As a preferred implementation mode of the invention, the stepped phase-change cooling component 2 is internally filled with a foam copper-paraffin composite phase-change temperature-control material with high heat-conducting property, and the material has high heat storage density and good heat-conducting property.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shell of the stepped phase-change cooling component 2 is made of an aluminum alloy packaging material with light weight, thin wall and high heat conductivity, so that the dead weight of the assembled battery pack is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1: the working method of the square lithium battery thermal management system capable of being assembled freely based on coupling phase change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation comprises the following steps:
when the square lithium battery 1 works, a large amount of heat generated by the upper half part close to the electrode side transfers the heat to the phase-change material through foam copper in the stepped phase-change cooling assembly 2, and the phase-change material enables the surface temperature of the square lithium battery to be kept constant and evenly distributed at the melting point temperature through melting heat absorption. Meanwhile, the air cooling channel can radiate heat absorbed by the phase change material to the environment through convection so as to prolong the temperature control time, and can be combined with the forced air cooling system to correspond to extreme working conditions, so that the effective control of the temperature in the heat management application of the square lithium battery of the new energy automobile is realized.
The above embodiments only describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Various modifications of the embodiments, including equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., which are within the scope of the present disclosure, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure.
Claims (7)
1. A thermal management system for a square lithium battery capable of freely assembling and coupling phase-change cooling and air cooling heat dissipation is characterized in that: the lithium battery comprises a square lithium battery (1), a stepped phase-change cooling assembly (2), an air cooling channel (3) and an end cover (4); two sides of the square lithium battery (1) are tightly attached to the phase-change cooling assembly (2), the upper half part of the square lithium battery (1) close to the electrode side is tightly contacted with one thicker end of the stepped phase-change cooling assembly (2), the lower half part of the square lithium battery (1) far away from the electrode side is tightly contacted with one thinner end of the stepped phase-change cooling assembly (2), and heat generated by the battery is absorbed by the stepped phase-change cooling assembly (2); the thicker ends of the two stepped phase-change cooling assemblies (2) between two adjacent square lithium batteries (1) are in close contact, and an air cooling channel (3) is formed between the thinner ends to exchange heat absorbed by the stepped phase-change cooling assemblies (2) with air; the stepped phase-change cooling assemblies (2) adopt a sheet type unit structure, can be freely assembled with the square lithium batteries (1), and the two stepped phase-change cooling assemblies (2) and one square lithium battery (1) form repeated symmetrical units, and a plurality of units repeatedly form a battery pack; the end cover (4) is used for fixing the battery pack.
2. The free-assembled square lithium battery thermal management system coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooled heat dissipation of claim 1, wherein: the end cover (4) belongs to an integrated clamping groove structure, metal plates at two ends of the end cover are arranged on the outer sides of the stepped phase-change cooling assemblies (2) at two sides of the battery pack and used for fixing the battery pack, and the metal plates at the bottom of the end cover (4) are used for fixing the battery pack below the battery pack.
3. The free-assembled square lithium battery thermal management system coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooled heat dissipation of claim 1, wherein: the stepped phase change cooling assembly (2) adjusts the step number and the thickness of the phase change material corresponding to each level according to the heat generated by the square lithium battery (1).
4. The free-assembled square lithium battery thermal management system coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooled heat dissipation of claim 1, wherein: the stepped phase-change cooling assembly (2) is internally filled with a foam copper-paraffin composite phase-change temperature-control material with high heat-conducting performance, and the size and the consumption of the foam copper-paraffin composite phase-change material are adjusted according to the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack.
5. The free-assembled square lithium battery thermal management system coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooled heat dissipation of claim 1, wherein: the shell of the stepped phase-change cooling assembly (2) is made of an aluminum alloy packaging material with light weight, thin wall and high heat conductivity, so that the dead weight of the assembled battery pack is reduced.
6. The free-assembled square lithium battery thermal management system coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooled heat dissipation of claim 1, wherein: the air cooling channel (3) is naturally formed by two adjacent stepped phase change cooling assemblies, and is contacted with ambient air to dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation capacity is increased, and the temperature control time is prolonged; when the square lithium battery has high heat generating power and high ambient temperature, the square lithium battery is combined with forced air cooling, so that a better cooling effect is achieved.
7. The free-assembled square lithium battery thermal management system coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooled heat dissipation of claim 1, wherein: the end cover (4) is made of an aluminum alloy material with light weight, thin wall and high heat conductivity, and is designed and adapted according to the number of the battery packs, so that a plurality of square lithium batteries and the stepped phase-change cooling assembly are tightly fixed together.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310952269.9A CN116826242A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Square lithium battery thermal management system capable of freely assembling and coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310952269.9A CN116826242A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Square lithium battery thermal management system capable of freely assembling and coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116826242A true CN116826242A (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310952269.9A Pending CN116826242A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Square lithium battery thermal management system capable of freely assembling and coupling phase-change cooling and air-cooling heat dissipation |
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| CN (1) | CN116826242A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117199671A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-08 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Design method of phase-change flame-retardant component |
-
2023
- 2023-07-31 CN CN202310952269.9A patent/CN116826242A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117199671A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-08 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Design method of phase-change flame-retardant component |
| CN117199671B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-02-02 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Design method of phase-change flame-retardant component |
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