CN116819399A - Cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device and system - Google Patents
Cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116819399A CN116819399A CN202210033512.2A CN202210033512A CN116819399A CN 116819399 A CN116819399 A CN 116819399A CN 202210033512 A CN202210033512 A CN 202210033512A CN 116819399 A CN116819399 A CN 116819399A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention provides a cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device and system, comprising: the device is directly fixed on a cable and consists of a current measuring component and a fault diagnosis component, wherein the current measuring component is connected with the fault diagnosis component; the current measurement assembly comprises a current sensor for non-invasively collecting a current signal of the cable; the fault diagnosis component is used for determining a fault diagnosis result of the electromechanical device connected with the cable according to the characteristics of the current signal. The fault diagnosis device of the cable fixing electromechanical equipment is arranged on the cable in a penetrating mode or in an opening mode. The device can be combined into a system for carrying out overall comprehensive analysis and diagnosis on a three-phase (or multi-phase) system of the electromechanical equipment. As described above, the fault diagnosis device and system for the cable fixing electromechanical equipment have the advantages of large engineering quantity and higher installation conditions, are reasonable in design, and are suitable for production, popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis of electromechanical equipment, in particular to a fault diagnosis device and system for cable fixed electromechanical equipment.
Background
At present, when an electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device based on an electric measurement signal is additionally arranged on an industrial site to collect current and voltage signals, a current sensor and a voltage sensor are usually arranged on a distribution line of field equipment, or a secondary output loop of an existing current transformer is modified, and the current signal measurement is directly connected in series to the electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device to collect signals and diagnose and analyze. When the system is integrated, a fault diagnosis device of the electrical equipment is usually installed in a power distribution cabinet (or a low-voltage switch cabinet), or a diagnosis measurement cabinet is arranged in a separate screen. Meanwhile, a power supply is required to be connected, an idle switch is required to be configured, insurance is configured for voltage measurement, and the system is complex and large in size. Engineering practice typically involves several stages of signal acquisition, signal cabling, diagnostic or measurement device installation and power supply, integral connection commissioning, etc. Thus, the construction work amount is large, and the installation conditions are high. The space in the existing power distribution cabinet is limited, and the difficulty of adding the fault diagnosis device of the electromechanical equipment is high; meanwhile, if an independent measurement diagnosis cabinet is additionally arranged, on one hand, the distribution room layout is affected, extra area is occupied, meanwhile, a large amount of wiring is needed between each distribution cabinet and the measurement diagnosis cabinet, and besides the cost and the engineering amount are large, hidden danger is brought to the overall reliability of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a fault diagnosis device and system for cable fixing electromechanical equipment, which are used for solving the problems of large engineering amount and higher installation conditions in the prior art that a power distribution system needs to be accessed to collect signals.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device, comprising: a current measurement assembly and a fault diagnosis assembly; the current measurement assembly includes a current sensor for non-invasively measuring a current signal of the cable; the fault diagnosis component is used for determining a fault diagnosis result of the electromechanical equipment connected with the cable according to the characteristics of the current signal. The fault diagnosis device of the cable fixing electromechanical equipment is arranged on the cable in a penetrating mode or in an opening mode.
As a preferred embodiment, the cable-fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus further includes: the system comprises a signal conditioning component, an A/D component, a compensation component and a signal analysis component; the current measuring component transmits the measured current signal to the signal conditioning component, the signal conditioning component conditions the current signal and transmits the conditioned current signal to the A/D component, the A/D component converts the current signal from an analog signal to a digital signal, the compensation component processes the current digital signal through the compensation component and transmits the processed current digital signal to the signal analysis component and the fault diagnosis component, and the fault diagnosis component judges, analyzes and diagnoses the current digital signal and the signal analysis result to obtain a fault diagnosis result; the fault diagnosis result is output in a wired or wireless communication mode or is displayed and output by the cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device.
As a preferred embodiment, the cable-fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus further includes: and the voltage measuring component is used for measuring the voltage signal. The voltage measurement assembly and the current measurement assembly are both connected with the fault diagnosis assembly. The diagnostic component is configured to determine a fault diagnosis of an electromechanical device connected to the cable based on the characteristics of the current signal and the characteristics of the voltage signal.
As a preferable technical solution, the current sensor includes at least one of the following: current transformer, hall sensor, magnetoresistive sensor, fluxgate sensor, rogowski coil sensor. And the current signal of the cable is measured in a non-invasive way through at least one device, so that the fault diagnosis of the electromechanical equipment is realized, and the intrusion into the original distribution line is avoided.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method further comprises: the system comprises a signal conditioning component, an A/D component, a compensation component and a signal analysis component; the voltage measuring component transmits the measured voltage signal to the signal conditioning component, the current measuring component transmits the measured current signal to the signal conditioning component, the signal conditioning component conditions the current signal and the voltage signal and transmits the current signal and the voltage signal to the A/D component, the A/D component converts the current signal and the voltage signal from analog signals to digital signals, the A/D component processes the current digital signal and the voltage digital signal through the compensation component and transmits the current digital signal and the voltage digital signal to the signal analysis component and the fault diagnosis component, and the fault diagnosis component judges and analyzes the current digital signal, the voltage digital signal and the signal analysis result to obtain a fault diagnosis result; the fault diagnosis result is output in a wired or wireless communication mode or is displayed and output by the cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device. The collected current signals and voltage signals are processed through the coordination of the signal conditioning component, the A/D component, the compensation component and the signal analysis component, so that the fault diagnosis component can conveniently judge and analyze faults.
As a preferred technical solution, the compensation component performs amplitude compensation or phase compensation by adopting one or any combination of the following modes: zero compensation, linear compensation, function compensation, interpolation compensation. Amplitude or phase compensation is carried out on the current signal or the voltage signal, so that measurement accuracy is improved, and diagnosis accuracy is further improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus mounted on a cable in an open manner includes: female connecting piece and public connecting piece, female connecting piece inboard surface is provided with the screw thread, public connecting piece outside surface is provided with the screw thread, female connecting piece and public connecting piece pass through screw thread cooperation and connect, its characterized in that, female connecting piece constitute by first female connecting piece and the female connecting piece of external groove mutually supporting connection, first female connecting piece and the female connecting piece uniform side opening of second, the internal groove sets up at first female connecting piece opening part inboard surface, the external groove sets up at the female connecting piece opening part outside surface of second, public connecting piece constitute by first public connecting piece and the second public connecting piece that the symmetry set up, first public connecting piece and the equal upwards extension of second public connecting piece top have connecting portion, the screw thread sets up at connecting portion outside surface.
As a preferable technical scheme, the diameter of the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device is selected according to the wire diameter of the measured cable. The device can be directly fixed on the tested cable to realize convenient installation and dismantling at any position without being limited by the installation position, so that the device is not limited by the position and the space of the field power distribution cabinet, and the selectivity of the installation range is greatly improved.
As an optimal technical scheme, the fault diagnosis device of the cable-fixed electromechanical equipment further comprises a power supply assembly, wherein the power supply assembly obtains power through an external power supply mode or through a current transformer. The power extraction may be accomplished without intrusion into existing electrical circuitry of the electromechanical device at all, and such an approach may not require modification of existing electrical circuitry.
As a preferred technical solution, the current sensor includes a current transformer, and the power supply assembly obtains power through the current transformer in the current sensor. The current transformer in the limiting power supply assembly and the current sensor in the current measuring device are shared, so that the structure is simplified, and the equipment is simplified.
As a preferred technical solution, the current transformer is provided with a center tap. And the magnetic core is prevented from being saturated by arranging the tap, so that the requirements of power supply matching and precision matching are met.
As a preferable technical scheme, the power supply assembly further comprises an energy storage unit and a charge and discharge management unit; the charging and discharging management unit is used for monitoring the electric energy stored by the energy storage unit according to a preset working period, ensuring that the power supply assembly stably supplies power to the cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device, simultaneously maintaining the electric quantity of the energy storage unit in an optimal state, and dynamically managing the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit.
As a preferable technical scheme, the power supply assembly obtains power through a current transformer. The current transformer can be powered to achieve an existing electrical circuit that is completely non-intrusive to the electromechanical device, and such a method may not require modification of the existing electrical circuit.
As an preferable technical scheme, the fault diagnosis component is further configured to compensate a current cut-off interval caused by rectification by using an interpolation method on the current signal measured by the current measurement component, so as to obtain a compensated current signal; the fault diagnosis component is used for determining a fault diagnosis result of the electromechanical equipment connected with the cable according to the compensated current value. The interval without current can be supplemented into a complete current waveform by using an interpolation method, so that the data is more complete during analysis, and the diagnosis result is more accurate.
As a preferred technical solution, the current measurement assembly includes: and combining and calculating the currents measured by the current sampling measuring branch and the current taking measuring branch to obtain the secondary side current of the current transformer.
The invention also provides a fault diagnosis system of the cable fixing electromechanical equipment, which comprises the following components: at least one cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis device as described above is connected to the display assembly and/or the communication assembly.
The invention also provides a fault diagnosis system of the cable fixing electromechanical equipment, which comprises the following components: and the cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis devices are used for synchronizing signals.
As a preferable technical scheme, the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device in the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis system is provided with a plurality of fault diagnosis devices, such as a three-phase power distribution system, and one to three fault diagnosis devices can be provided; in a multiphase system comprising a phase-shifting transformer, a plurality of phase-shifting transformers may be provided.
As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of cable-fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis devices are provided in the cable-fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis system, and fault diagnosis components in each of the cable-fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis devices are shared. The shared diagnostic assembly can simplify the overall structure of the diagnostic system and reduce the cost.
As an preferable technical scheme, the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis devices are synchronized through an inter-phase hard triggering mode or a wireless signaling mode.
As an preferable technical scheme, the fault diagnosis device for the cable fixing electromechanical device is provided with a plurality of fault diagnosis devices which are respectively arranged at the input end and/or the output end of the power conversion device and used for monitoring the relation of input and output and measuring the loss or abnormality of the power conversion device.
As a preferable technical scheme, the power supply conversion device is a frequency converter or a transformer.
As described above, the fault diagnosis device for the cable fixing electromechanical device has the following beneficial effects: the current value of the cable is acquired in a non-invasive mode, the current value measured by the current measuring assembly and the voltage value measured by the voltage measuring assembly are used for fault diagnosis, the fault diagnosis of the electromechanical equipment is realized under the condition that the circuit of the existing electromechanical equipment is not required to be invaded, the original distribution line is prevented from being invaded, equipment shutdown is not required, the engineering difficulty and risk are greatly reduced, the design is reasonable, and the method is suitable for production, popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is a first structural view showing a current sensor in a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a view showing a second construction of a current sensor in a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a view showing a third construction of a current sensor in a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the D-dot method voltage measurement of a cable stationary electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in example 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 1;
fig. 7 shows a current transformer power-taking illustration of a cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 3;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a current transformer of a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable-fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a CT sensing-power-taking integrated circuit of a cable-fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 3;
fig. 10 is a diagram showing a double-branch current measurement circuit of a cable-fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 3;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a CT center tap of a cable stationary electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 3;
fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a current cut-off section (when the current is sinusoidal) of a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 3;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing inter-phase hard trigger synchronization of a cable fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis system disclosed in example 4;
FIG. 14 is a wireless signaling mode synchronization schematic diagram of a cable-fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis system disclosed in embodiment 4;
fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a cable fixing electromechanical device failure diagnosis device disclosed in embodiment 2;
fig. 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of a female connector of a cable fixing electromechanical device failure diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 2;
fig. 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a male connector of a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device disclosed in embodiment 2;
fig. 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second female connector of the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device disclosed in embodiment 2;
Fig. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first female connector of a cable fixing electromechanical device failure diagnosis device disclosed in embodiment 2;
fig. 20 is a schematic diagram showing voltage measurement in a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 1;
fig. 21 is a circuit block diagram showing voltage measurement in a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 1;
fig. 22 is a block diagram showing a connection of three cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatuses in the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis system disclosed in embodiment 4;
fig. 23 is a diagram showing the respective branch current measurement circuits of a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus disclosed in embodiment 3;
fig. 24 is a schematic view showing a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 5;
fig. 25 is a schematic view showing a fault diagnosis apparatus for a cable fixing electromechanical device disclosed in embodiment 4.
1, a cable; 2. a female connector; 3. an electromechanical device housing; 4. a first female connector; 5. a second female connector; 6. a male connector; 7. a connection part; 8. a first male connector; 9. a second male connector; 10. a protrusion; 11. an inner groove; 12. an outer groove.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 25. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are not intended to be critical to the essential characteristics of the invention, but are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
Referring to fig. 1-6 and 20-21, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus, comprising: a current measurement assembly, a voltage measurement assembly, and a fault diagnosis assembly.
The voltage measuring assembly and the current measuring assembly are connected with the fault diagnosis assembly; the current measuring assembly contains a current sensor to measure the current signal of the cable in a non-invasive manner. The fault diagnosis component is used for determining a fault diagnosis result of electromechanical equipment (such as a motor, a power conversion device and the like) connected with the cable according to the characteristics of the current signal. In practical applications, the current sensor may at least include one of the following: current transformer, hall sensor, magnetoresistive sensor, fluxgate sensor, rogowski coil sensor.
The cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus in the present embodiment further includes: the system comprises a signal conditioning component, an A/D component, a compensation component and a signal analysis component; the current measuring component transmits the measured current signal to the signal conditioning component, the signal conditioning component conditions the current signal and transmits the conditioned current signal to the A/D component, the A/D component converts the current signal from an analog signal to a digital signal, the compensation component processes the current digital signal through the compensation component and transmits the processed current digital signal to the signal analysis component and the fault diagnosis component, and the fault diagnosis component judges, analyzes and diagnoses the current digital signal and the signal analysis result to obtain a fault diagnosis result; the fault diagnosis result is output in a wired or wireless communication mode or is displayed and output by the cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device.
Here, the fault diagnosis device for the cable fixed electromechanical device in the present embodiment may include only the current measurement component, and not include the voltage measurement component, and the fault diagnosis component may diagnose the electromechanical device (such as a motor, a power conversion device, etc.) connected to the cable by only the current signal.
Continuing to describe, the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus in this embodiment may include both a current measurement component and a voltage measurement component, and the fault diagnosis component may diagnose the electromechanical device (such as a motor, a power conversion apparatus, etc.) connected to the cable through the characteristics of the current signal and the characteristics of the voltage signal.
The embodiment provides a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device, further includes: the voltage measuring component is used for measuring a voltage signal; the voltage measurement assembly is connected with the fault diagnosis assembly; the diagnostic component is configured to determine a fault diagnosis of an electromechanical device connected to the cable based on the characteristics of the current signal and the characteristics of the voltage signal.
The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus may further include: the system comprises a signal conditioning component, an A/D component, a compensation component and a signal analysis component; the voltage measuring component transmits the measured voltage signal to the signal conditioning component, the current measuring component transmits the measured current signal to the signal conditioning component, the signal conditioning component carries out the processes of filtering, amplifying and the like on the signal, the signal conditioning component modulates the current signal and the voltage signal and transmits the current signal and the voltage signal to the A/D component, the A/D component converts the current signal and the voltage signal from analog signals into digital signals, the A/D component transmits the current digital signal and the voltage digital signal to the signal analysis component and the fault diagnosis component, the signal analysis component analyzes the frequency, the harmonic wave, the frequency spectrum, the torque and the like, and the fault diagnosis component carries out the judgment and the analysis on the current digital signal, the voltage digital signal and the signal analysis result to obtain the fault diagnosis result; the fault diagnosis result is output through a wired or wireless communication mode or is displayed and output through a cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in the fault diagnosis device for a cable fixed electromechanical device, the current sensor is implemented by using a current transformer, and the acquired current signal is subjected to signal conditioning (such as filtering, amplifying, etc.), and the current measurement principle of the current measurement component is as follows: (1) The current transformer is used for obtaining a current signal on a secondary side cable of the current transformer of the electromechanical equipment, wherein the current transformer can specifically adopt a magnetic ring containing a magnetic element, such as a magnetic ring with good magnetic flux density, so that the signal precision, the frequency response range and the linearity are improved. The magnetic ring may be made of, but not limited to, iron-silicon alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, iron-silicon-aluminum alloy, nickel-iron alloy, iron-cobalt alloy, soft magnetic ferrite, amorphous soft magnetic alloy, ultra-microcrystalline soft magnetic alloy, or the like. (2) The obtained current signal is subjected to processing such as filtering, for example, low-pass filtering by a filtering component, so as to suppress the aliasing of high-frequency noise to noise of a fault diagnosis application frequency band. It should be noted that the low-pass filtering method in the present embodiment may adopt techniques that are not limited to analog circuit filtering, digital filtering based on high-speed sampling, and the like.
In another embodiment, the measurement may be performed using a plurality of sensors in combination, as shown in FIG. 2, using a combination of both Hall sensors and magnetoresistive sensors. As shown in fig. 4, a combination of a current transformer, a hall sensor and a magneto-resistive sensor is adopted. Other combinations can be adopted in practical application, and the final acquired current signal can be obtained through correlation calibration. The plurality of sensors are used for measuring, so that the influence of external electromagnetic interference can be compensated, and the frequency response range and the measuring precision of the measurement can be enlarged.
It should be noted that, the voltage measurement assembly in this embodiment may include: the conductor electrode is sleeved outside the cable, the conductor electrode is connected with one end of the integrating resistor and one end of the measuring resistor respectively, the other end of the integrating resistor is connected with one end of the integrating capacitor, and the other end of the integrating capacitor and the other end of the measuring resistor are grounded.
Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5, the D-dot method measures, the equivalent capacitance Cm generated by coupling between the conductor electrode and the wire in the voltage measuring component, the measuring resistance Rm, the integrating resistance Ri, the equivalent area of the sensor Aeq, the measured voltage Vi, the measured voltage Vo,
it can be seen that Vo is directly proportional to the electric field change rate of the measuring point of the sensor according to the formula 1, and Vo is directly proportional to the measured voltage Vi after the integrating circuit. The fault of the electromechanical device can be diagnosed by the change of the absolute value of the voltage, and the fault can also be diagnosed by the change of the relative value.
In practice, the voltage measuring assembly may be implemented as an alternative, as shown in fig. 20-21, by placing a conductor as an inductive electrode adjacent to the distribution cable. Capacitive coupling occurs between the cable conductor (core) and the sensing electrode. The ac voltage in the cable will generate a small current through this coupling capacitance by the change of the electric field, as in equation 2, the current is proportional to the voltage change (differential value).
However, the coupling capacitance varies with the material and thickness of the cable sheath, and the dielectric constant varies due to temperature and humidity variations, so it is difficult to measure the voltage value by measuring the capacitance of the coupling capacitance. By generating the same-amplitude and same-phase voltage v2 following the cable voltage v1 in the induction electrode, the current flowing in the coupling capacitor is enabled to be close to zero, and then the generated voltage v2 is measured, so that v1 can be obtained.
v＝v 1 -v 2 ； (3)
The current can be reduced to voltage through the integrating circuit, as shown in formula 3, the voltage comparison circuit outputs the difference value between v1 and v2, and after signal conditioning, the negative feedback voltage generation circuit adjusts the amplitude of v2 to enable v2 to follow v1. The sensing electrode and cable conductor are isolated from the outside by guard electrodes, which are maintained at the same potential as v2 to block electric fields from adjacent cables and other sources that may interfere with the measurement.
Therefore, the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device in the embodiment collects the current value and the voltage value of the cable in a non-invasive mode, uses the current signal measured by the current measurement component and the voltage signal measured by the voltage measurement component for fault diagnosis, realizes fault diagnosis on the electromechanical device without invading the circuit of the existing electromechanical device, avoids invading the original distribution line, does not need equipment to stop, greatly reduces the engineering difficulty and risk, outputs the fault diagnosis result in a wired or wireless communication mode, or displays and outputs the fault diagnosis result through the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device, is convenient for checking the fault diagnosis result, has reasonable design, and is suitable for production, popularization and application.
The second embodiment of the present invention provides a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device, where the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis device is installed on a cable in an opening manner, and the specific installation manner is as follows:
when the cable-fixing electromechanical device failure diagnosis apparatus is installed in an open manner, as shown in fig. 15 to 19, it includes: female connecting piece 2 and public connecting piece 6, female connecting piece 2 inboard surface is provided with the screw thread, female connecting piece 6 outside surface is provided with the screw thread, female connecting piece 2 and public connecting piece 6 pass through the screw thread and cooperate the connection, female connecting piece 2 comprises first female connecting piece 4 and the female connecting piece 5 of second that connect through inner groove 11 and outer recess 12 mutually supporting, first female connecting piece 4 and the female connecting piece 5 uniform side opening of second, inner groove 11 sets up the inboard surface in first female connecting piece 4 opening part, outer groove 12 sets up the outside surface in the female connecting piece 5 opening part of second, public connecting piece 6 comprises first public connecting piece 8 and the public connecting piece 9 of symmetry setting, first public connecting piece 8 and the public connecting piece 9 top all upwards extend and have connecting portion 7, the screw thread sets up the outside surface at connecting portion 7. The inner edge of the upper end surface of the first female connector 4 is provided with a protrusion 10. The cable 1 is characterized by further comprising an electromechanical device shell 3, wherein the electromechanical device shell 3 is sleeved on the outer side surface of the cable 1, and one end of the electromechanical device shell 3 is connected with the male connecting piece 6 in a clamping or integrated manner. The first male connector 8 and the second male connector 9 are radially extended with protrusions with respect to the connection part 7. A gap is provided in the middle of the connecting portion 7. The current measuring component, the voltage measuring component and the fault diagnosing component may all be disposed inside the electromechanical device housing 3.
It should be noted that the diameter of the fault diagnosis device for cable fixing electromechanical device in this embodiment is selected according to the wire diameter of the cable to be measured, that is, the size thereof may be changed according to the wire diameter of the cable to be measured.
It should be noted that, in practical application, the fault diagnosis device for cable-fixed electromechanical device may be installed on the cable in the above-mentioned opening manner, and may also be installed on the cable in the penetrating manner, which is not described herein.
Compared with the first embodiment, the installation mode of the fault diagnosis device for the cable fixing electromechanical equipment is further limited, the fault diagnosis device is installed in an opening mode, the fault diagnosis device can be directly fixed on a tested cable without being limited by installation positions, convenient installation and dismantling of any position are achieved, the fault diagnosis device is not limited by the limitation of the position and the space of a field power distribution cabinet, and the selectivity of the installation range is greatly improved.
The cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention may further include: the power supply assembly obtains power through a current transformer, and the specific power obtained is as follows:
As shown in FIG. 7, when a load such as a resistor is connected to the secondary side of the current transformer CT and the toroidal core of the current transformer CT is sleeved outside the AC distribution cable, a current i flows through the AC distribution cable (i.e., the primary side of the current transformer CT) passing through the current transformer CT s And (t) when the current transformer CT is in a secondary side, current is also induced to flow to a load, so that the current transformer is powered. Load voltage U at this time o And (t) is alternating, rectification is needed, and a primary DC-DC converter is also needed to be connected after rectification in order to convert the alternating current into direct current needed by the fault diagnosis device of the cable fixing electromechanical equipment, so that the output of the primary DC-DC converter meets the requirement of the fault diagnosis device of the cable fixing electromechanical equipment on a power supply. It can be seen from fig. 8 that the power supply for one current transformer CT should include three parts of the current transformer CT, the rectifying circuit and the post-stage DC-DC converter.
It should be further noted that, in practical application, the fault diagnosis device of the cable-fixed electromechanical device not only can obtain a power supply through the current transformer, but also can supply power through an external power supply mode, a battery mode, an energy collection mode (solar energy, wind energy, temperature, vibration, capacitance induction, microwave induction and the like), and the like, and the description is omitted here.
In addition, the power supply assembly also comprises an energy storage unit and a charge and discharge management unit; and the charge and discharge management unit is used for monitoring the electric energy stored by the energy storage unit according to a preset working period. The energy storage unit can be a super capacitor or a battery.
The power supply components can also share a current transformer used as a current sensor. As shown in fig. 9, the current transformer for measurement and the current transformer for electricity taking can be combined to use the same current transformer, and the two transformers are combined to reduce the volume of the device, simplify the device, improve the compactness of the device and facilitate the miniaturization of the device.
The compensation component is also used for compensating the current value measured by the current measurement component by adopting an interpolation method to compensate a current cut-off interval caused by rectification so as to obtain a compensated current value; the fault diagnosis component is used for determining a fault diagnosis result of the electromechanical equipment connected with the cable according to the compensated current value. As shown in fig. 12, when the fault diagnosis component analyzes the current, interpolation can be used to compensate the current cut-off interval caused by rectification, and the interval without current is supplemented to be a complete current waveform for analysis.
Wherein the "current measurement" section may also be as shown in fig. 10 and 23, the current measurement assembly comprises: the current sampling measurement branch and the power taking current measurement branch may adopt the same circuit structure, as shown in fig. 23. I in the figure 1 (t) and i 2 And (t) respectively measuring the current values of the current sampling measuring branch and the electricity taking current measuring branch, and combining and calculating the currents measured by the current sampling measuring branch and the electricity taking current measuring branch to obtain the secondary side current of the current transformer. When the voltage induced by the secondary side is lower than the conducting voltage of the rectifying module, a current path is provided by the current sampling measuring branch; when the voltage induced by the secondary side is higher than the conducting voltage of the rectifying module, the current (working current and leakage current) flowing through the rectifying module and the subsequent circuit is also contained, so that the full current of the secondary side of the current transformer CT can be obtained. The voltage across the sampling resistor of known resistance is measured by a/D and the current flowing through the sampling resistor is calculated according to ohm's law.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 11, the current transformer is provided with a center tap. The coil on the same CT is provided with an S1/S2 tap outside the P1/P2 tap. P1/P2 is used as a power-taking end, and S1/S2 is used as a current measuring end. And vice versa.
In the present embodiment, the measured current signal is compensated by interpolation, and in practical application, the compensation may be performed by zero point compensation, linear compensation, function compensation, or the like, or may be performed by a combination of the above compensation algorithms, which are not listed here.
In this embodiment, compared to the first embodiment, the power taking method of the cable-fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis device is further clarified, and the current transformer is used as a power taking method to convert the alternating current of the current transformer into direct current. The DC-DC converter is used for enabling the output of the DC-DC converter to meet the requirement of the fault diagnosis device of the cable-fixed electromechanical equipment on the power supply, the power supply is obtained through a self-induction power-taking mode, the existing electric circuit of the electromechanical equipment can be completely not invaded, the existing electric circuit is not required to be changed by the method, and engineering complexity and risks caused by the method are effectively reduced.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a fault diagnosis system for a cable fixed electromechanical device, including: a cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus according to any one of the first to third embodiments, wherein a plurality of cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatuses are in communication connection, and signal synchronization is possible in practical application, and further comprising: the fault diagnosis device of the cable fixed electromechanical equipment is connected with a display assembly (such as a display screen) and/or a communication assembly (such as a Bluetooth module), and the communication mode can be a wired communication mode or a wireless communication mode.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis system, comprising: a plurality of the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatuses according to any one of the first to third embodiments described above, further comprising: the fault diagnosis device of the cable fixed electromechanical equipment is connected with a display assembly (such as a display screen) and a communication assembly (such as a Bluetooth module), and the communication mode can be a wired communication mode or a wireless communication mode. It should be noted that, the fault diagnosis component in each of the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatuses may be a common fault diagnosis component.
As shown in fig. 22, there are three fault diagnosis devices of the cable fixing electromechanical device, and the three fault diagnosis devices S1, S2, S3 may share one M1 module, and the M1 module may include a comprehensive analysis module, and perform comprehensive analysis on three-phase information measured and analyzed by S1, S2, S3, so as to diagnose faults (such as unbalanced three-phase power supply, unbalanced three-phase load, winding turn-to-turn short circuit, etc.) of the overall system of the electromechanical device. The M1 module may further include a fault diagnosis component, and the fault diagnosis components in S1, S2, S3 may be omitted, and a common fault diagnosis component may be used. The diagnostic information measured in the three fault diagnosis devices S1, S2 and S3 is transmitted to the comprehensive analysis module in the M1 module, the comprehensive analysis module comprehensively analyzes the diagnostic information of the three fault diagnosis devices S1, S2 and S3, and the fault diagnosis component in the M1 module carries out fault diagnosis on the comprehensively analyzed information.
As shown in fig. 25, by measuring the three-phase voltages, whether or not the voltages are balanced is confirmed based on the voltage values of the three phases.
Taking the example that S1 to S3 are respectively arranged on each phase of cables L1 to L3, the measured values are respectively as follows:
| three-phase | Voltage (V) | Electric current |
| L1 | V 1 | I 1 |
| L2 | V 2 | I 2 |
| L3 | V 3 | I 3 |
Voltage imbalance is a method of measuring the voltage difference between the phases of a three-phase system. The voltage imbalance is the average maximum voltage change divided by the average voltage of the three phases, calculated to produce imbalance in percent. The following examples are:
if the measured line voltage is V 1 ＝462V、V 2 =463V and V 3 =455V, the average value is V ave ＝460V。
Thus, the voltage imbalance is:
[(460–455)x100]÷460＝1.1％
likewise, the diagnosis of three-phase current imbalance, three-phase load imbalance, and calculation of zero sequence current can be implemented in a similar manner.
Further, as shown in fig. 22, the synchronization method between the cable-fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatuses is as follows: the fault diagnosis devices of the cable-fixed electromechanical equipment are synchronized by an inter-phase hard trigger mode, as shown in fig. 13, the fault diagnosis devices are synchronized by an inter-phase hard trigger mode, three fault diagnosis devices S1, S2 and S3 are connected into cables L1, L2 and L3 of a three-phase system, the three fault diagnosis devices are connected by wires, one of the three fault diagnosis devices S1 is used as a main clock to send out signals, and the other two S2 and S3 receive the rising edge or the falling edge of the level sent by the main clock S1 to carry out clock synchronization, and can also use pulses to carry out clock synchronization. Thus, S1, S2 and S3 can start acquisition at the same time, and data synchronization is kept. The apparatus S1, S2, S3 of claim 1 can be any one of the above as a master clock.
It should be noted that, not only the inter-phase hard triggering mode but also the wireless signaling mode may be adopted for synchronization between the fault diagnosis devices of the cable fixing electromechanical device, as shown in fig. 14, the three fault diagnosis devices S1, S2 and S3 are synchronized by the wireless signaling mode. A transmitting end (such as M1, a master clock) firstly transmits a synchronous packet, and an RF hardware chip records a time stamp during transmission at the transmitting time point; the receiving end (S1, S2, S3) records UTC at the time of receiving in the reception interruption; and then the transmitting end (M1) reads the transmission time stamp of the synchronous packet of the self RF hardware chip, calculates self UTC, and transmits the time stamp packet again to inform the receiving end of the UTC record. And the receiving end calculates a difference value after matching the UTC moment with the receiving UTC of the synchronous Packet, so as to realize clock synchronization. For example, when using IEEE 802.15.4 protocol communication, AT86RF233 with an internal timer may be used as the RF hardware chip. When a timer event occurs (e.g., a sync Packet is sent), the current timestamp will be captured in the frame buffer. And the synchronous packet sending UTC can also record UTC by software without depending on an RF hardware chip. But because: 1) The time precision of software processing is poor; 2) The transmission delay caused by wireless channel conflict is inaccurate in software recording time; the use of RF hardware recording works better. Meanwhile, the receiving end can also record the time stamp by using the RF hardware chip and then calculate the UTC of the receiving end so as to further improve the time precision. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein any one of the apparatus S1, S2, S3 and M1 is a master clock; the role of M1 can also be assumed by one of S1, S2, S3.
Therefore, in the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis system in the embodiment, the data and the analysis results obtained among the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis devices are synchronized, the relationship among three phases is accurately reflected, the synchronized data and the analysis results are convenient for cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis, and the cable fixing electromechanical device fault diagnosis system is reasonable in design and suitable for production, popularization and application.
A sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a cable fixture device fault diagnosis system, and the present embodiment provides a different installation position of the cable fixture device fault diagnosis apparatus relative to the fourth embodiment.
In this embodiment, a power conversion device is provided on a three-phase power source connected to the cable-fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis system, and as shown in fig. 24, the cable-fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis system in this embodiment may also diagnose a fault of the power conversion device.
The concrete connection mode is as follows: the input end of the power conversion device is respectively connected with the fault diagnosis devices S1-in, S2-in and S3-in, the output end of the power conversion device is respectively connected with the fault diagnosis devices S1-out, S2-out and S3-out, the six fault diagnosis devices S1-in, S2-in, S3-in, S1-out, S2-out and S3-out can share one M1 module, thus the embodiment can monitor the relation of input and output and measure the loss or abnormality of the power conversion device, wherein the power conversion device can be a frequency converter or a transformer.
The specific diagnosis principle is as follows: the input voltage and current, the output voltage and current of the power conversion device are measured respectively, the calculated divided input power and output power are calculated, the efficiency of the power conversion device is calculated, and if the efficiency is too low, the fault of the power conversion device can be diagnosed.
The input, total input power Σp, can be calculated separately according to the following formula:
P 1 ＝V 1 ×I 1
P 2 ＝V 2 ×I 2
P 3 ＝V 3 ×I 3
ΣP＝P 1 +P 2 +P 3
taking a power conversion device as an example, the total power is respectively input and output according to the following measured values:
calculating the efficiency of the power conversion device to output the total power ΣP out Dividing by the total input power Σp in Efficiency in percent was calculated. As can be seen, the single-cable fixed electromechanical device fault diagnosis device can only obtain single-phase power, and calculating the efficiency of the power conversion device requires calculating the total input and output power Σp (respectively referred to as Σp in Sum ΣP out ) Then, conversion efficiency is calculated. The conversion efficiency is based on the input and input power of each phase at the same time, and the cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis devices forming the system are required to keep synchronous.
It can be seen that the present embodiment provides a different fault diagnosis system for a cable fixing electromechanical device, where the location and number of the fault diagnosis devices provided are different from those of the fault diagnosis system for a cable fixing electromechanical device in the fourth embodiment, so that the structure of the fault diagnosis system for a cable fixing electromechanical device in the present invention is more flexible and changeable, and in practical application, the location and number of the fault diagnosis devices may also be changed according to actual needs, for example, the fault diagnosis device may be only provided at an input end of the power conversion device, or only provided at an output end of the power conversion device, or one diagnosis device may be provided on a certain phase, and the fault diagnosis system for a cable fixing electromechanical device in the present embodiment may adapt to various monitoring environments, and has a wide application scenario.
In summary, the fault diagnosis device and the fault diagnosis system for the cable fixing electromechanical equipment solve the problems that in the prior art, a power distribution system is required to be connected to perform signal acquisition, the engineering quantity is large, and the installation conditions are high, are reasonable in design, and are suitable for production, popularization and application. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (20)
1. A cable-fixing electromechanical device failure diagnosis apparatus, characterized by comprising: a current measurement assembly and a fault diagnosis assembly;
the current measurement assembly is connected with the fault diagnosis assembly;
the current measurement assembly includes a current sensor for non-invasively measuring a current signal of the cable;
The fault diagnosis component is used for determining a fault diagnosis result of the electromechanical equipment connected with the cable according to the characteristics of the current signal;
the fault diagnosis device of the cable fixing electromechanical equipment is arranged on the cable in a penetrating mode or in an opening mode.
2. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the system comprises a signal conditioning component, an A/D component, a compensation component and a signal analysis component;
the current measuring component transmits the measured current signal to the signal conditioning component, the signal conditioning component conditions the current signal and transmits the conditioned current signal to the A/D component, the A/D component converts the current signal from an analog signal to a digital signal, the compensation component processes the current digital signal through the compensation component and transmits the processed current digital signal to the signal analysis component and the fault diagnosis component, and the fault diagnosis component judges, analyzes and diagnoses the current digital signal and the signal analysis result to obtain a fault diagnosis result;
the fault diagnosis result is output in a wired or wireless communication mode or is displayed and output by the cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device.
3. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the voltage measuring component is used for measuring a voltage signal;
the voltage measurement assembly is connected with the fault diagnosis assembly;
the diagnostic component is configured to determine a fault diagnosis of an electromechanical device connected to the cable based on the characteristics of the current signal and the characteristics of the voltage signal.
4. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the current sensor comprises at least one of: current transformer, hall sensor, magnetoresistive sensor, fluxgate sensor, rogowski coil sensor.
5. A cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 3, further comprising: the system comprises a signal conditioning component, an A/D component, a compensation component and a signal analysis component;
the voltage measuring component transmits the measured voltage signal to the signal conditioning component, the current measuring component transmits the measured current signal to the signal conditioning component, the signal conditioning component conditions the current signal and the voltage signal and transmits the current signal and the voltage signal to the A/D component, the A/D component converts the current signal and the voltage signal into digital signals from analog signals, the A/D component processes the current digital signals and the voltage digital signals through the compensation component and transmits the current digital signals and the voltage digital signals to the signal analysis component and the fault diagnosis component, and the fault diagnosis component judges, analyzes and diagnoses the current digital signals, the voltage digital signals and the signal analysis results to obtain fault diagnosis results;
The fault diagnosis result is output in a wired or wireless communication mode or is displayed and output by the cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device.
6. The cable fixture fault diagnosis device of claim 2 or 5, wherein the compensation component performs amplitude compensation or phase compensation in one or any combination of the following ways:
zero compensation, linear compensation, function compensation, interpolation compensation.
7. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus mounted on the cable in an open manner comprises: female connecting piece and public connecting piece, female connecting piece inboard surface is provided with the screw thread, public connecting piece outside surface is provided with the screw thread, female connecting piece and public connecting piece pass through screw thread cooperation and connect, its characterized in that, female connecting piece constitute by first female connecting piece and the female connecting piece of external groove mutually supporting connection, first female connecting piece and the female connecting piece uniform side opening of second, the internal groove sets up at first female connecting piece opening part inboard surface, the external groove sets up at the female connecting piece opening part outside surface of second, public connecting piece constitute by first public connecting piece and the second public connecting piece that the symmetry set up, first public connecting piece and the equal upwards extension of second public connecting piece top have connecting portion, the screw thread sets up at connecting portion outside surface.
8. A cable-fixing electromechanical device failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an inner diameter or an outer diameter of the cable-fixing electromechanical device failure diagnosis apparatus is selected in accordance with a wire diameter of the measured cable.
9. The cable fixture device fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a power supply assembly, wherein the power supply assembly obtains power by an external power source mode, a battery mode, or a current transformer mode.
10. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 9, wherein the current sensor comprises a current transformer, and the power supply assembly obtains power through the current transformer in the current sensor.
11. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis device according to claim 10, wherein the current transformer is provided with a center tap.
12. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 10, wherein the current measurement assembly comprises: the current sampling measuring branch and the electricity taking current measuring branch.
13. The cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis apparatus of claim 9, wherein the power supply assembly further comprises an energy storage unit and a charge-discharge management unit;
The charging and discharging management unit is used for monitoring the electric energy stored by the energy storage unit, ensuring that the power supply assembly stably supplies power to the cable fixed electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device, and simultaneously maintaining the electric quantity of the energy storage unit in an optimal state.
14. A cable fixture electromechanical device fault diagnosis system, comprising: a plurality of cable fixture device fault diagnosis means as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, the plurality of cable fixture device fault diagnosis means being signal synchronised.
15. The cable fixture device fault diagnosis system of claim 14, further comprising: and the display component and/or the communication component is connected with the cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device.
16. The cable fixture device fault diagnosis system of claim 14, wherein the fault diagnosis components in each of the cable fixture device fault diagnosis devices are common.
17. The cable fixture device fault diagnosis system of claim 14, wherein the set number of cable fixture device fault diagnosis means matches the number of phases of the power distribution system power source.
18. The system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of cable fixture device fault diagnosis devices are synchronized by hard trigger means or by wireless signaling means.
19. The system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of cable fixture device fault diagnosis devices are disposed at the input and/or output of the power conversion device, respectively.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein the power conversion device is a frequency converter or a transformer.
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| CN202210033512.2A CN116819399A (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device and system |
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| CN202210033512.2A CN116819399A (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Cable fixing electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis device and system |
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