CN116818839A - Impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method and system - Google Patents

Impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116818839A
CN116818839A CN202310797141.XA CN202310797141A CN116818839A CN 116818839 A CN116818839 A CN 116818839A CN 202310797141 A CN202310797141 A CN 202310797141A CN 116818839 A CN116818839 A CN 116818839A
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impedance
electrolyte
thermal battery
electrolyte material
moisture content
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张小强
崔艳华
赵宇
陈玉成
曹勇
张栩
谢勇
兰伟
崔益秀
王超
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Institute of Electronic Engineering of CAEP
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables

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Abstract

The application discloses a method and a system for detecting the moisture content of a thermal battery electrolyte material based on impedance, which solve the technical problem that the moisture content of the thermal battery electrolyte material cannot be rapidly and nondestructively detected at present. The method comprises the following steps: the application is applied in the state of a single battery piece of the thermal battery or the state of the whole assembled battery, considers the influence of moisture content and distribution uniformity, ambient temperature and compaction density on the impedance of the thermal battery, and provides a nonlinear correlation model of the impedance and the moisture content of an electrolyte material and a determination flow of parameters in the correlation model; and measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in the inactive state, and calculating the moisture content in the electrolyte material of the thermal battery by adopting a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material. The application can obtain the moisture content of the electrolyte material in the whole thermal battery and the single battery piece in real time, has high speed, accurate measurement, no damage to products, is suitable for different temperature environments, and can realize online nondestructive detection.

Description

Impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method and system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of thermal battery detection, in particular to a method and a system for detecting the moisture content of a thermal battery electrolyte material based on impedance.
Background
The thermal battery is a disposable reserve battery widely applied to various devices, and has the characteristics of long storage life, high reliability, high safety, high specific energy, high specific power and the like. Each single battery piece of the thermal battery is formed by pressing three layers of an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode, the cathode is generally LiB, liSi, liAl and other very active lithium alloys, and the anode is generally FeS 2 、Fe x Co 1-x S 2 、CoS 2 、V 2 O 5 、NiCl 2 And the like, and the electrolyte is molten salt. Because molten salt electrolyte is very easy to absorb moisture, a certain amount of moisture is often contained in the electrolyte, and the moisture released from the molten salt reacts with anode and cathode materials during long-term storage or working of the thermal battery, so that the battery performance is reduced. Therefore, the moisture in the electrolyte material is one of the key factors affecting the performance of the thermal battery, and the trace moisture content in the electrolyte must be strictly controlled and characterized in the production and inspection of the thermal battery.
The existing common method for detecting the water content of the material mainly comprises a Karl Fischer method and a thermogravimetric method, wherein a small amount of electrolyte material can be sampled and tested, when the water content of the electrolyte material in a thermal battery single battery piece or a thermal battery product is tested, the thermal battery is destroyed, the electrolyte material is obtained and then can be tested, the sample preparation and the measurement process are easily affected by environmental humidity, the operation in a dry environment is needed, the flow is complex and time-consuming, the environmental requirements are severe, and the destructive test is performed.
The Meizhou city energy new energy science and technology Co reports a method for detecting the moisture content of a battery electrode plate, and the moisture content of a battery electrode material is detected by measuring the resistance of the battery electrode plate, but the method cannot be applied to the moisture detection of a thermal battery electrolyte material. Firstly, because the pole piece resistance only occupies a small part of the battery resistance, the method is only suitable for detecting the moisture content of the pole piece material in the preparation process of the battery pole piece, and cannot be applied in the state that the single battery piece is pressed or the whole machine is assembled. Second, the linear correlation model of impedance and moisture content proposed in this method cannot be applied to thermal battery molten salt electrolytes due to the different conduction mechanisms in the electrode material and the electrolyte material. Third, the method does not eliminate the effect of non-uniform moisture distribution on the material impedance. Fourth, the method does not eliminate the effect of measuring ambient temperature on molten salt electrolyte impedance. Fifth, in the method, the electrodes are coated, and the thermal battery single cells are generally pressed by powder, so that the electrolyte has different compaction densities and different resistivities due to different pressures, and the method does not eliminate the influence of impedance difference caused by the change of compaction density on the detection precision of the moisture content.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problems that the moisture content of an electrolyte material in the existing thermal battery needs to be tested by a destructive test in a dry environment, and the existing method for detecting the moisture content of the battery electrode plate is not suitable for detecting the moisture content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery and cannot accurately and nondestructively detect the moisture content of the electrolyte material in the state of a single battery plate or a whole battery of the thermal battery.
The application aims to provide a method and a system for detecting the moisture content of an electrolyte material of a thermal battery based on impedance, wherein the method is applied in a state that a single battery piece is pressed or an entire machine is assembled by the battery, and a nonlinear correlation model of the impedance and the moisture content of the electrolyte material is provided by considering the influence of the moisture content, the distribution uniformity, the environmental temperature change, the compaction density and other factors on the impedance of the electrolyte material; the water content of electrolyte materials in the whole thermal battery and the single battery piece can be obtained in real time by measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an inactive state, the speed is high, the measurement is accurate, the product is not damaged, and the model is suitable for different temperature environments and can be used for online nondestructive detection.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for detecting the moisture content of an electrolyte material of a thermal battery based on impedance, the method comprising:
measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an inactive state;
according to the measured impedance of the thermal battery in the inactive state, calculating the moisture content in the electrolyte material of the thermal battery based on a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material; the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0
×S1×h)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
Further, measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in the inactive state, comprising:
obtaining impedance by measuring alternating current impedance spectrum or direct current-voltage (I-V) curve of the thermal battery at temperature T0; where 273K < = T0< = 473K, K is the absolute temperature unit kelvin.
Further, the method for obtaining the electrolyte material factor, the moisture influence factor, the temperature influence factor and the compaction density influence factor comprises the following steps:
s100, taking out electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn from containers C1, C2, … … and Cn, respectively weighing n parts of electrolyte materials D1, D2, … … and Dn with the mass of m1 from each part of electrolyte, and respectively pressing n parts of electrolyte materials with the mass of m1 into electrolyte sheets E1, E2, … … and En with the area of S1 and the thickness of h1, wherein n is an integer greater than 2;
s101, measuring the impedance of the n electrolyte sheets at a temperature T1, wherein the impedance is R11, R12, … … and R1n respectively;
s102, using R11, R12, … …, R1n as independent variables R1, n parts of electrolyte material moisture contents Y1, Y2, … …, yn as independent variables Y, and Y=a× [ R1×S1/h1 ]] -b Fitting to obtain coefficients a and b, wherein a is an electrolyte material factor and b is a moisture influencing factor;
s103, placing any one electrolyte sheet of E1, E2, … …, en at a temperature T21, T22, … …, T2m, respectively, and measuring the impedance R21, R22, … …, R2m at the temperature, wherein 273K < = T21< T22< … … < T2m < = 473k, m is an integer greater than 1;
s104, fitting by taking T21, T22, … … and T2m as independent variables T2, taking R21, R22, … … and R2m as independent variables R2, and adopting R2=e×exp (c/T2) to obtain coefficients c and e, wherein e is a factor before a temperature test, and c is a temperature influence factor;
s105, taking out electrolyte materials Bj from a container Cj, respectively weighing k parts of electrolyte with the mass of m3, and controlling the pressing pressure to obtain k electrolyte sheets F1, F2, … … and Fk with the area of S1 and the thicknesses of h21, h22, … … and h2k, wherein j is an integer not more than n, k is an integer more than 1, 0< m3< = (m 2-m 1)/k, and m2 is the mass of the electrolyte materials in the container Cj;
s106, measuring the impedance of k parts of electrolyte thin sheets in the step S105 at the temperature T1, wherein the impedance is R31, R32, … … and R3k respectively;
s107, fitting is performed by using m 3/(s1×h21), m 3/(s1×h22), … …, m 3/(s1×h2k) as an independent variable P, R31×s1/h21, R32×s1/h22, … …, and R3k×s1/h2k as an independent variable R3, and r3=f+dxp to obtain coefficients f and d, where f is a compaction density intercept factor, and d is a compaction density influence factor.
Further, before step S100, the method further includes:
A. baking the electrolyte material in a vacuum drying oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
B. weighing n parts by mass of baked electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and An with the mass of m2 respectively;
C. deionized water of Y1 xm 2, Y2 xm 2, … … and Yn xm 2 is respectively dripped into n parts of electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and An to obtain water-containing electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn, wherein 0< Y1< Y2< … … < Yn <1;
D. placing n parts of electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn in containers C1, C2, … … and Cn respectively, and sealing;
E. baking the containers C1, C2, … … and Cn in an oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
F. the containers C1, C2, … … and Cn are naturally cooled, and the containers are respectively shaken for more than 1h by adopting an automatic mixer or a manual mode in the cooling process, so that the moisture in the electrolyte materials in the containers is uniformly distributed.
Further, the temperature T1 is: 273K < = T1< = 473K;
the temperatures T21, T22, … …, T2m are: 273K < = t21< T22< … … < T2m < = 473K.
Further, the electrolyte material of the thermal battery is formed by mixing molten salt materials and adsorption materials according to any proportion.
Further, the molten salt material is LiCl, KCl, liF, liBr, KBr, liI, naBr, liNO 3 、KNO 3 、RbNO 3 、NaNO 3 、Li 2 CO 3 、Li 2 SO 4 、Li 3 PO 4 A solid solution or a mixture of a plurality of materials formed therein.
Further, the adsorption material is MgO, al 2 O 3 、Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 、SiO 2 BN, etc.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides an impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection system comprising:
the thermal battery impedance testing unit is used for measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state;
the thermal battery electrolyte moisture content calculation unit is used for calculating the moisture content in the electrolyte material of the thermal battery according to the impedance by adopting a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content of the electrolyte material and the impedance;
the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0
×S1×h)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
Further, the execution process of the thermal battery impedance test unit is as follows:
the impedance obtained by measuring the alternating current impedance spectrum or the direct current I-V curve of the thermal battery is at the temperature T0; where 273K < = T0< = 473K, K is the absolute temperature unit kelvin.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the application provides a method and a system for detecting the water content of an electrolyte material of a thermal battery based on impedance, which are applied in a state of the thermal battery single battery piece after pressing or after the battery is assembled completely, and consider the influence of moisture distribution uniformity, environmental temperature and compaction density factors on the impedance of the electrolyte material to provide a nonlinear correlation model of the impedance and the water content of the electrolyte material; the model is adopted to obtain the moisture content of the electrolyte material in the whole thermal battery and the single battery piece in real time, has high speed and accurate measurement, has no damage to products, is suitable for different temperature environments, and can be subjected to online nondestructive detection.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting the moisture content of a thermal battery electrolyte material based on impedance;
FIG. 2 is a graph of electrolyte resistance R versus moisture content Y in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of electrolyte sheet resistance R versus temperature T in the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of electrolyte sheet resistance multiplied by the ratio of area to thickness R S/h versus compacted density P in the present application;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a system for detecting the moisture content of an electrolyte material of a thermal battery based on impedance.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present application and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present application only and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
Each single battery piece of the thermal battery is formed by pressing three layers of an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode, the cathode is generally LiB, liSi, liAl and other very active lithium alloys, and the anode is generally FeS 2 、Fe x Co 1-x S 2 、CoS 2 、V 2 O 5 、NiCl 2 And the like, and the electrolyte is molten salt. Because molten salt electrolyte is very easy to absorb moisture, a certain amount of moisture is often contained in the electrolyte, and the moisture released from the molten salt reacts with anode and cathode materials during long-term storage or working of the thermal battery, so that the battery performance is reduced. Therefore, the moisture in the electrolyte material is one of the key factors affecting the performance of the thermal battery, and the trace moisture content in the electrolyte must be strictly controlled and characterized in the production and inspection of the thermal battery.
The existing common method for detecting the water content of the material mainly comprises a Karl Fischer method and a thermogravimetric method, wherein a small amount of electrolyte material can be sampled and tested, when the water content of the electrolyte material in a thermal battery single battery piece or a thermal battery product is tested, the thermal battery is destroyed, the electrolyte material is obtained and then can be tested, the sample preparation and the measurement process are easily affected by environmental humidity, the operation in a dry environment is needed, the flow is complex and time-consuming, the environmental requirements are severe, and the destructive test is performed.
In addition, the prior art is a method for detecting the moisture content of the battery electrode plate, and the moisture content of the battery electrode material is detected by measuring the resistance of the battery electrode plate, but the method cannot be applied to the moisture detection of the battery electrolyte material. Firstly, because the pole piece resistance only occupies a small part of the battery resistance, the method is only suitable for detecting the moisture content of the pole piece material in the preparation process of the battery pole piece, and cannot be applied in the state that the single battery piece is pressed or the whole machine is assembled. Second, the linear correlation model of impedance and moisture content proposed in this method cannot be applied to thermal battery molten salt electrolytes due to the different conduction mechanisms in the electrode material and the electrolyte material. Third, the method does not eliminate the effect of the non-uniform distribution of moisture on the molten salt electrolyte impedance. Fourth, the method does not eliminate the effect of measuring ambient temperature on molten salt electrolyte impedance. Fifth, in the method, the electrodes are coated, and the thermal battery single cells are generally pressed by powder, so that the electrolyte has different compaction densities and different resistivities due to different pressures, and the method does not eliminate the influence of impedance difference caused by the change of compaction density on the detection precision of the moisture content.
Based on the problems, the application designs a method for detecting the water content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery based on impedance, which has the basic principle that the thermal battery is formed by connecting a single battery piece, a heating piece, a current collecting pole and the like in series, and the current collecting pole of the heating piece is a good conductor when the thermal battery is in an inactive state, and the impedance of the thermal battery is determined by the impedance of the single battery piece. The impedance of the single battery piece of the thermal battery is the result of series connection of the impedance of the anode, the cathode, the molten salt electrolyte and the interface thereof, the anode and the cathode of the single battery piece are good conductors, the interface is extremely small in thickness, and the impedance of the single battery piece of the thermal battery is extremely small compared with the impedance of the electrolyte, so that the impedance of the single battery piece of the thermal battery is mainly determined by the impedance of the molten salt electrolyte layer.
For a thermal battery including n0 single cell pieces with an area of S0 and an electrolyte thickness of h0, the resistance in an inactive state at a temperature T0 is R0, the resistivity p0 of the molten salt electrolyte layer is:
p0＝R0×S0/(n0×h0)
the molten salt electrolyte has extremely high resistivity when completely free of water, but the molten salt electrolyte is extremely easy to absorb moisture, the ion quantity capable of freely moving in the electrolyte is gradually increased along with the gradual increase of the water content, the ion conductivity is gradually increased, and the resistivity is gradually reduced. The resistivity p0 of the molten salt electrolyte layer and the moisture content Y are in a power law relation:
Y＝a×[p0] -b
wherein a and b are determined by a predetermined test.
The molten salt electrolyte material containing certain moisture has the dominant carrier of ions, and as the temperature increases, the migration rate of the ions increases, the resistivity decreases, and the resistivity p0 at the temperature T0 and the resistivity p1 at the pre-test environmental temperature T1 accord with an exponential relationship:
p0＝p1×exp[c/(1/T0-1/T1)]
wherein c is determined by a predetermined test.
The preparation of the thermal battery single battery generally adopts a powder pressing process, the greater the pressing pressure is, the greater the compaction density of an electrolyte sheet is, the smaller the resistivity of the electrolyte sheet is, and the resistivity P of the electrolyte sheet and the compaction density P accord with a linear relation:
p＝(f+d×P)
where f and d are determined by a preliminary test, the compacted density p=m3/s1×h1, m3 is the electrolyte material mass, S1 is the electrolyte area, and h1 is the electrolyte layer thickness. At the same moisture content, the difference between the two electrolyte sheet resistivities P0 and P1 of the compacted density p0=m0/(s0×h0) and the compacted density p1=m3/(s1×h1) is: p1—p0=d× (m3×s0×h0—m0×s1×h1)/(s0×h0×s1×h1).
Thus, considering the effects of moisture content, temperature and compaction density, the correlation model between moisture content in the battery electrolyte material and resistance in the inactive state of the battery is:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0×S1×h)} -b 。
in the pre-test process, in order to eliminate the influence of uneven distribution of water in molten salt on electrolyte impedance, firstly, fully drying an electrolyte material to remove water, then adding water with a certain mass into the electrolyte, placing the electrolyte material in a sealed container and baking the electrolyte material at a temperature of 373K or above for more than 24 hours to enable the water in the electrolyte material in the sealed container to be desorbed and vaporized, and then in the processes of cooling and re-adsorbing the water in the electrolyte material, adopting an automatic mixing device or a manual shaking mode to enable the electrolyte material in the container to uniformly adsorb the water, thereby effectively eliminating the influence of uneven water on impedance.
Meanwhile, in the pre-test process, the influence of environmental temperature and compaction density factors on the electrolyte material is also considered, and an electrolyte material factor a, a moisture influence factor b, a temperature influence factor c and a compaction density influence factor d in a nonlinear correlation model of impedance and electrolyte material moisture content are determined; the application is applied in the state of the whole assembled battery, and the water content of the electrolyte material in the whole battery and the single battery piece is obtained in real time by adopting the proposed non-linear impedance and electrolyte material water content detection model, so that the speed is high, the measurement is accurate, the product is not damaged, the application is suitable for different temperature environments, and the online nondestructive detection can be realized.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the method for detecting the moisture content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery based on impedance comprises the following steps:
measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an inactive state;
according to the measured impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state, calculating the moisture content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery by adopting a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material; the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0
×S1×h)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
As a further implementation, measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in the inactive state includes:
measuring impedance obtained by an alternating current impedance spectrum or a direct current-voltage (I-V) curve of the thermal battery at a temperature T0; where 273K < = T0< = 473K.
As a further implementation, the method for obtaining the electrolyte material factor, the moisture influencing factor, the temperature influencing factor and the compaction density influencing factor comprises the following steps:
A. baking the electrolyte material in a vacuum drying oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
B. weighing n parts by mass of baked electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and An with the mass of m2 respectively;
C. deionized water of Y1 xm 2, Y2 xm 2, … … and Yn xm 2 is respectively dripped into n parts of electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and An to obtain water-containing electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn, wherein 0< Y1< Y2< … … < Yn <1;
D. placing n parts of electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn in containers C1, C2, … … and Cn respectively, and sealing;
E. baking the containers C1, C2, … … and Cn in an oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
F. naturally cooling the containers C1, C2, … … and Cn, and respectively shaking the containers for more than 1h by adopting an automatic mixer or a manual mode in the cooling process to uniformly distribute the moisture in the electrolyte materials in the containers;
G. taking out electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn from containers C1, C2, … … and Cn, weighing n parts of electrolyte materials D1, D2, … … and Dn with mass of m1 from each part of electrolyte, and pressing n parts of electrolyte materials with mass of m1 into electrolyte sheets E1, E2, … … and En with area S1 and thickness h 1;
H. measuring the impedance of the n electrolyte sheets at a temperature T1, R01, R02, … …, R0n, respectively, wherein 273K < = T1< = 473K;
I. with R11, R12, … …, R1n as independent variables R1, n parts of electrolyte materials with the moisture content of Y1, Y2, … …, yn as independent variables Y, y=axx [ r1×s1/h1] -b Fitting to obtain coefficients a and b;
J. placing any one of the electrolyte sheets E1, E2, … …, en at a temperature T21, T22, … …, T2m, respectively, and measuring the impedance R21, R22, … …, R2m at that temperature, wherein 273K < = t21< T22< … … < T2m < = 473K, m being an integer greater than 1;
K. fitting by using T21, T22, … … and T2m as independent variables T2, using R21, R22, … … and R2m as dependent variables R2, and adopting R2=e×exp (c/T2) to obtain coefficients c and e, wherein e is a factor before a temperature test, and c is a temperature influence factor;
taking out electrolyte materials Bj from a container Cj, respectively weighing k parts of electrolyte with the mass of m3, and controlling the pressing pressure to obtain k electrolyte sheets F1, F2, … … and Fk with the area of S1 and the thicknesses of h21, h22, … … and h2k, wherein j is an integer, 1< = j < = n, k is an integer greater than 1, and 0< m3< = (m 2-m 1)/k;
m, measuring the impedance of k parts of electrolyte thin sheets in the step L at the temperature T1, wherein the impedance is R31, R32, … … and R3k respectively;
n, using m 3/(s1×h21), m 3/(s1×h22), … …, m 3/(s1×h2k) as independent variables P, using r31×s1/h21, r32×s1/h22, … …, r3k× s1/h2k as independent variables R3, fitting with r3=f+dxp to obtain coefficients f and d, where f is a compaction density intercept factor and d is a compaction density influence factor.
As a further implementation, the electrolyte material of the thermal battery is formed by mixing a fused salt material and an adsorption material according to any proportion, and the fused salt material is LiCl, KCl, liF, liBr, KBr, liI, naBr, liNO 3 、KNO 3 、RbNO 3 、NaNO 3 、Li 2 CO 3 、Li 2 SO 4 、Li 3 PO 4 One or more of the materials forms solid solution or mixture, and the adsorption material is MgO or Al 2 O 3 、Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 、SiO 2 BN, etc.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the detection object is a whole thermal battery, the thickness and the area of the electrolyte of the thermal battery cell are different from those of the cell in the preliminary test, the detection environment temperature is different from that of the preliminary test, and the compaction density of the thermal battery cell is different from that of the cell in the preliminary test.
The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an inactive state;
according to the measured impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state, calculating the moisture content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery by adopting a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material; the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0
×S1×h1)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
s10, baking the electrolyte material in a vacuum drying oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
s20, respectively weighing 10 parts by mass of baked electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and A10 with the mass of 5 g;
s30, deionized water was added dropwise in an amount of 0.1%. Times.5 g, 0.15%. Times.5 g, 0.20%. Times.5 g, 0.3%. Times.5 g, 0.4%. Times.5 g, 0.5%. Times.5 g, 0.6%. Times.5 g, 0.7%. Times.5 g, 0.8%. Times.5 g, 0.9%. Times.5 g, respectively, to 10 parts of the electrolyte materials A1, A2, … …, A10 to obtain aqueous electrolyte materials B1, B2, … …, B10,
s40, placing 10 parts of electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and B10 in containers C1, C2, … … and C10 respectively, and sealing;
s50, baking the containers C1, C2, … … and C10 in an oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
s60, naturally cooling the containers C1, C2, … … and C10, and respectively shaking the containers for more than 1h by adopting an automatic mixing device or a manual mode in the cooling process so as to uniformly distribute the water content of electrolyte materials in the containers;
s70, taking out electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and B10 from containers C1, C2, … … and C10, weighing 10 parts of electrolyte materials D1, D2, … … and D10 with mass of 1g from each part of electrolyte respectively, and pressing 10 parts of electrolyte materials with mass of 1g respectively into an area of 8cm 2 Electrolyte sheets E1, E2, … …, E10 having a thickness of 0.08 cm;
s80, measuring the impedance of the 10 parts of electrolyte sheet at the temperature of 298K, wherein the impedance is 4.25X10 respectively 12 Ω、5.86×10 11 Ω、1.44×10 11 Ω、1.98×10 10 Ω、4.89×10 9 Ω、1.63×10 9 Ω、6.67×10 8 Ω、3.14×10 8 Ω、4.1.63×10 8 Ω、9.18×10 7 Ω；
S90, 4.25X10 12 Ω、5.86×10 11 Ω、1.44×10 11 Ω、1.98×10 10 Ω、4.89×10 9 Ω、1.63×10 9 Ω、6.67×10 8 Ω、3.14×10 8 Ω、4.1.63×10 8 Ω、9.18×10 7 Omega as independent variable R1, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9% as independent variable Y, y=a× [ r1×8/0.08 ]] -b Fitting to obtain coefficients a=0.38 and b=0.2;
s100, the electrolyte sheet E5 was placed at temperatures 298K, 308K, 318K, 328K and 338K, respectively, and the impedance at each temperature was measured to be 4.89X 10, respectively 9 Ω、2.15×10 9 Ω、9.98×10 8 Ω、4.84×10 8 Ω、2.45×10 8 Ω；
S110, 298K, 308K, 318K, 328K and 338K as independent variables T2, 4.89×10 9 Ω、2.15×10 9 Ω、9.98×10 8 Ω、4.84×10 8 Ω、2.45×10 8 Ω is fitted with r2=e×exp (c/T2) as a dependent variable R2, yielding coefficients c=7530 and e=0.0052.
S120, taking out the electrolyte material B5 from the container C5, respectively weighing 3 parts of electrolyte with the mass of 1g, and controlling the pressing pressure to obtain the electrolyte with the area of 8cm 2 The thickness is 0.088cm, 0.08cm,0.072cm of 3 electrolyte sheets F1, F2, F3;
s130, measuring the impedance of 3 parts of electrolyte sheets F1, F2, F3 in step L at 298K, respectively, at 5.85X10 9 Ω、4.89×10 9 Ω、3.95×10 9 Ω；
S140, 1/(8×0.088), 1/(8×0.08), 1/(8×0.072)) as an argument P, 5.85×10 9 ×8/0.088、4.89×10 9 ×8/0.08、3.95×10 9 Fitting with r3=f+d×p as a dependent variable R3, x 8/0.0.072 gives a coefficient f= -2 9×10 11 And d=9.49×10 11 。
S140, measuring the area of a single battery piece to be 16cm under the environment with the temperature of 303K 2 The impedance of the inactive state of the thermal battery with the electrolyte thickness of 0.1cm, the electrolyte mass of 1.8g and the number of the single battery pieces of 15 is 1.2 multiplied by 10 11 Omega, the moisture content y=0.38×{ [1.2×10 ] in the electrolyte material was calculated 11 ×16/(15×0.1)]×exp[7530×(1/298-1/303)]+9.49×10 11 ×(1×16×0.1-1.8×8×0.08)/(16×0.1×8×0.08)} -0.2 ＝0.13％。
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the present embodiment is different from embodiments 1 and 2 in that the detection object is a thermal battery cell sheet, and the electrolyte thickness, area, compaction density, and detection environment temperature of the thermal battery cell sheet are the same as those in the preliminary test.
The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the impedance of the thermal battery single battery piece;
according to the measured impedance of the thermal battery single battery piece, calculating the moisture content in the electrolyte material of the thermal battery single battery piece by adopting a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material; the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0
×S1×h1)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
s10, baking the electrolyte material in a vacuum drying oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
s20, respectively weighing 10 parts by mass of baked electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and A10 with the mass of 5 g;
s30, deionized water was added dropwise in an amount of 0.1%. Times.5 g, 0.15%. Times.5 g, 0.20%. Times.5 g, 0.3%. Times.5 g, 0.4%. Times.5 g, 0.5%. Times.5 g, 0.6%. Times.5 g, 0.7%. Times.5 g, 0.8%. Times.5 g, 0.9%. Times.5 g, respectively, to 10 parts of the electrolyte materials A1, A2, … …, A10 to obtain aqueous electrolyte materials B1, B2, … …, B10,
s40, placing 10 parts of electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and B10 in containers C1, C2, … … and C10 respectively, and sealing;
s50, baking the containers C1, C2, … … and C10 in an oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
s60, naturally cooling the containers C1, C2, … … and C10, and respectively shaking the containers for more than 1h by adopting an automatic mixing device or a manual mode in the cooling process so as to uniformly distribute the water content of electrolyte materials in the containers;
s70, taking out electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and B10 from containers C1, C2, … … and C10, weighing 10 parts of electrolyte materials D1, D2, … … and D10 with mass of 1g from each part of electrolyte respectively, and pressing 10 parts of electrolyte materials with mass of 1g respectively into an area of 8cm 2 Electrolyte sheets E1, E2, … …, E10 having a thickness of 0.08 cm;
s80, measuring the 10 parts of electrolyte sheet at the temperature of 298KImpedance of 4.25×10 respectively 12 Ω、5.86×10 11 Ω、1.44×10 11 Ω、1.98×10 10 Ω、4.89×10 9 Ω、1.63×10 9 Ω、6.67×10 8 Ω、3.14×10 8 Ω、4.1.63×10 8 Ω、9.18×10 7 Ω；
S90, 4.25X10 12 Ω、5.86×10 11 Ω、1.44×10 11 Ω、1.98×10 10 Ω、4.89×10 9 Ω、1.63×10 9 Ω、6.67×10 8 Ω、3.14×10 8 Ω、4.1.63×10 8 Ω、9.18×10 7 Omega as independent variable R1, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9% as independent variable Y, y=a× [ r1×8/0.08 ]] -b Fitting to obtain coefficients a=0.38 and b=0.2;
s100, the electrolyte sheet E5 was placed at temperatures 298K, 308K, 318K, 328K and 338K, respectively, and the impedance at each temperature was measured to be 4.89X 10, respectively 9 Ω、2.15×10 9 Ω、9.98×10 8 Ω、4.84×10 8 Ω、2.45×10 8 Ω；
S110, 298K, 308K, 318K, 328K and 338K as independent variables T2, 4.89×10 9 Ω、2.15×10 9 Ω、9.98×10 8 Ω、4.84×10 8 Ω、2.45×10 8 Ω is fitted with r2=e×exp (c/T2) as a dependent variable R2, yielding coefficients c=7530 and e=0.0052.
S120, taking out the electrolyte material B5 from the container C5, respectively weighing 3 parts of electrolyte with the mass of 1g, and controlling the pressing pressure to obtain the electrolyte with the area of 8cm 2 3 electrolyte sheets F1, F2, F3 having a thickness of 0.088cm, 0.08cm, 0.072cm, respectively;
s130, measuring the impedance of 3 parts of electrolyte sheets F1, F2, F3 in step L at 298K, respectively, at 5.85X10 9 Ω、4.89×10 9 Ω、3.95×10 9 Ω；
S140, 1/(8×0.088), 1/(8×0.08), 1/(8×0.072)) as an argument P, 5.85×10 9 ×8/0.088、4.89×10 9 ×8/0.08、3.95×10 9 Fitting with r3=f+d×p as a dependent variable R3, x 8/0.0.072 gives a coefficient f= -2 9×10 11 And d=9.49×10 11 。
S140, measuring an area of 8cm under the environment with the temperature of 298K 2 The impedance of the thermal battery single cell piece with the electrolyte thickness of 0.08cm and the electrolyte mass of 1g is 1.0x10 8 Omega, the moisture content y=0.38×{ [1.0×10 ] in the electrolyte material was calculated 8 ×8/(1×0.08)]×exp[7530×(1/298-1/298)]+9.49×10 11 ×(1×8×0.08-1×8×0.08)/(8×0.08×8×0.08)} -0.2 ＝0.38％。
Example 4
As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that this embodiment provides a resistance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection system including:
the thermal battery impedance testing unit is used for measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state;
the thermal battery electrolyte moisture content calculation unit is used for calculating the moisture content in the electrolyte material of the thermal battery according to the impedance by adopting a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content of the electrolyte material and the impedance;
the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m1×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0
×S1×h)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
In the embodiment, when the thermal battery is at the temperature T0, impedance obtained by measuring an alternating current impedance spectrum or a direct current I-V curve of the thermal battery is measured; where 273K < = T0< = 473K.
The execution process of each unit is performed according to the flow steps of the impedance-based method for detecting the moisture content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery in embodiment 1, which is not described in detail.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application, and is not meant to limit the scope of the application, but to limit the application to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.

Claims (10)

1. The method for detecting the water content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery based on impedance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an inactive state;
according to the impedance, calculating the moisture content in the electrolyte material of the thermal battery based on a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content of the electrolyte material and the impedance; the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0×S1×h)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
2. The method for detecting the moisture content of electrolyte materials of a thermal battery based on impedance of claim 1, wherein the measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an inactive state comprises:
the impedance obtained by measuring the alternating current impedance spectrum or the direct current I-V curve of the thermal battery is at the temperature T0; where 273K < = T0< = 473K.
3. The method for detecting the moisture content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery based on impedance according to claim 1, wherein the method for acquiring the electrolyte material factor, the moisture influencing factor, the temperature influencing factor and the compaction density influencing factor is as follows:
s100, taking out electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn from containers C1, C2, … … and Cn, respectively weighing n parts of electrolyte materials D1, D2, … … and Dn with the mass of m1 from each part of electrolyte, and respectively pressing n parts of electrolyte materials with the mass of m1 into electrolyte sheets E1, E2, … … and En with the area of S1 and the thickness of h1, wherein n is an integer greater than 2;
s101, measuring the impedance of the n electrolyte sheets at a temperature T1, wherein the impedance is R11, R12, … … and R1n respectively;
s102, using R11, R12, … …, R1n as independent variables R1, n parts of electrolyte material moisture contents Y1, Y2, … …, yn as independent variables Y, and Y=a× [ R1×S1/h1 ]] -b Fitting to obtain coefficients a and b, wherein a is an electrolyte material factor and b is a moisture influencing factor;
s103, placing any one electrolyte sheet of E1, E2, … … and En at temperatures T21, T22, … … and T2m respectively, and measuring the impedance R21, R22, … … and R2m at the temperatures, wherein m is an integer greater than 1;
s104, fitting by taking T21, T22, … … and T2m as independent variables T2, taking R21, R22, … … and R2m as independent variables R2, and adopting R2=e×exp (c/T2) to obtain coefficients c and e, wherein e is a factor before a temperature test, and c is a temperature influence factor;
s105, taking out electrolyte materials Bj from a container Cj, respectively weighing k parts of electrolyte with the mass of m3, and controlling the pressing pressure to obtain k electrolyte sheets F1, F2, … … and Fk with the area of S1 and the thicknesses of h21, h22, … … and h2k, wherein j is an integer, j is not less than 1 and not more than n, k is an integer greater than 1, 0< m3< = (m 2-m 1)/k, and m2 is the mass of the electrolyte materials in the container Cj;
s106, measuring the impedance of k parts of electrolyte thin sheets in the step S105 at the temperature T1, wherein the impedance is R31, R32, … … and R3k respectively;
s107, fitting is performed by using m 3/(s1×h21), m 3/(s1×h22), … …, m 3/(s1×h2k) as an independent variable P, R31×s1/h21, R32×s1/h22, … …, and R3k×s1/h2k as an independent variable R3, and r3=f+dxp to obtain coefficients f and d, where f is a compaction density intercept factor, and d is a compaction density influence factor.
4. The impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method of claim 3, further comprising, prior to step S100:
A. baking the electrolyte material in a vacuum drying oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
B. weighing n parts by mass of baked electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and An with the mass of m2 respectively;
C. dropwise adding deionized water of Y1 xm 2, Y2 xm 2, … … and Yn xm 2 into n parts of electrolyte materials A1, A2, … … and An respectively to obtain aqueous electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn, wherein 0< Y1< Y2< … … < Yn <1;
D. placing n parts of electrolyte materials B1, B2, … … and Bn in containers C1, C2, … … and Cn respectively, and sealing;
E. baking the containers C1, C2, … … and Cn in an oven with the temperature of more than 373K for more than 24 hours;
F. the containers C1, C2, … … and Cn are naturally cooled, and the containers are respectively shaken for more than 1h by adopting an automatic mixer or a manual mode in the cooling process, so that the moisture in the electrolyte materials in the containers is uniformly distributed.
5. The impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method of claim 3, wherein the temperature T1 is: 273K < = T1< = 473K;
the temperatures T21, T22, … …, T2m are: 273K < = t21< T22< … … < T2m < = 473K.
6. The impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method according to claim 1, wherein the thermal battery electrolyte material is formed by mixing molten salt materials and adsorption materials according to any proportion.
7. The impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method of claim 6, wherein the molten salt material is LiCl, KCl, liF, liBr, KBr, liI, naBr, liNO 3 、KNO 3 、RbNO 3 、NaNO 3 、Li 2 CO 3 、Li 2 SO 4 、Li 3 PO 4 A solid solution or a mixture of a plurality of materials formed therein.
8. The method for detecting the moisture content of the electrolyte material of the thermal battery based on impedance according to claim 6, wherein the adsorption material is MgO or Al 2 O 3 、Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 、SiO 2 BN, etc.
9. Impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection system, characterized in that the system comprises:
the thermal battery impedance testing unit is used for measuring the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state;
the thermal battery electrolyte moisture content calculation unit is used for calculating the moisture content in the electrolyte material of the thermal battery by adopting a nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content of the electrolyte material and the impedance according to the impedance;
wherein, the nonlinear correlation model of the moisture content and the impedance of the electrolyte material is as follows:
Y＝a×{[R0×S0/(n0×h0)]×exp[c×(1/T1-1/T0)]+d×(m3×S0×h0-m0×S1×h1)/(S0×h0×S1×h)} -b
wherein a is an electrolyte material factor, b is a moisture influencing factor, c is a temperature influencing factor, d is a compaction density influencing factor, R0 is the impedance of the thermal battery in an unactivated state, n0 is the number of single battery pieces in the thermal battery, S0 is the area of the single battery pieces, h0 is the thickness of an electrolyte material layer in the single battery pieces, m0 is the mass of the electrolyte material in the single battery pieces, m3 is the mass of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, S1 is the area of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, h1 is the thickness of the electrolyte pieces in the preliminary test, T1 is the ambient temperature in the preliminary test, and T0 is the ambient temperature when the impedance of the thermal battery in the unactivated state is measured.
10. The impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection system of claim 9, wherein the thermal battery impedance test unit is implemented by:
the impedance obtained by measuring the alternating current impedance spectrum or the direct current I-V curve of the thermal battery is at the temperature T0; where 273K < = T0< = 473K.
CN202310797141.XA 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 Impedance-based thermal battery electrolyte material moisture content detection method and system Pending CN116818839A (en)

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