CN116817170A - LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of gas turbine - Google Patents
LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of gas turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116817170A CN116817170A CN202310927498.5A CN202310927498A CN116817170A CN 116817170 A CN116817170 A CN 116817170A CN 202310927498 A CN202310927498 A CN 202310927498A CN 116817170 A CN116817170 A CN 116817170A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- lng
- enters
- air
- gas turbine
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
Abstract
The invention discloses an LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine, wherein natural gas enters a combustion chamber after being heated by a natural gas heat exchanger; the air is divided into two paths after passing through the air compressor, and finally enters the gas turbine; the air is convected by the compressed air heat exchanger to become hot air, the hot air is cooled, and then enters the air-water heat exchanger to be further cooled, and then is discharged out of the heat exchanger housing; the water is boosted by a water pump and is heated in the air-water heat exchanger, and then enters the first heat exchanger for cooling; the refrigerant working medium is boosted from the refrigerant storage tank through the refrigerant pump, enters the first heat exchanger for heating, and then enters the second heat exchanger for heat exchange with LNG; LNG flows out of the LNG storage tank and is divided into two paths, and the gasified LNG in the two paths enters the auxiliary heater after being mixed and the temperature of the LNG is adjusted to the temperature required by the system. The invention can recover the waste heat of the cooling air heat exchanger of the hot passage of the gas turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, and particularly relates to an LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine.
Background
LNG is a low-temperature liquid mixture formed by the dehydration and desulfurization treatment of natural gas and the freezing and liquefying of the natural gas through a low-temperature process, and the temperature is about 162 ℃ below zero. The LNG supply station needs to gasify LNG in a low-temperature liquid state into natural gas by an LNG vaporizer before supplying the natural gas to a user. Typical forms of LNG vaporizers are submerged combustion vaporizers, integral vaporizers, water-bath vaporizers, etc., wherein both submerged combustion vaporizers and integral vaporizers use natural gas as fuel, and the heat energy released in the natural gas combustion process is used for LNG vaporization; while the heat source of the water bath gasifier provides heat for circulating hot water, electricity or steam. Thus, LNG requires a large consumption of fossil energy in a typical gasification process.
The gas-steam combined cycle unit taking a gas turbine as core equipment is a large consumer of natural gas. There are considerable gas-steam combined cycle unit layouts built in the neighborhood of large LNG receiving stations in China. Because of the high turbine initial temperature of the gas turbine, some models of gas turbines are configured with hot-path cooling air heat exchangers, as shown in FIG. 1. In a hot-channel cooling air heat exchanger of a gas turbine, a fan sucks cold air, the cold air and a compressor in a TCA heat exchanger (a compressed air heat exchanger) are subjected to air suction convection heat exchange to become hot air, the hot air is further subjected to air convection heat exchange with cold natural gas in a FGH heat exchanger (a natural gas heat exchanger) and then is discharged into the atmosphere, generally, the natural gas in the FGH heat exchanger can only recover about 60% of the heat released by the air suction of the compressor in the TCA heat exchanger, and the hot-channel cooling air heat exchanger still can discharge a large amount of high-temperature air to the atmosphere (the temperature of the high-temperature air directly discharged under the design working condition exceeds 160 ℃ and the heat exceeds 4 MW), so that energy waste and environmental heat pollution are caused.
At present, an energy-saving system which is reasonable in design and can not only utilize the hot channel of the gas turbine to cool the exhaust waste heat of the air heat exchanger, but also reduce the fossil energy consumption in the LNG gasification process is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an LNG gasification system utilizing the waste heat of a gas turbine, which is reasonable in design, can utilize a heat channel of the gas turbine to cool the exhaust waste heat of an air heat exchanger and can reduce the consumption of fossil energy in the LNG gasification process.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine comprises a gas compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine, a fan set, a compressed air heat exchanger, a natural gas heat exchanger, an air-water heat exchanger, a heat exchanger housing, a water pump, a hot water storage tank, a first heat exchanger, a refrigerant pump, a refrigerant storage tank, a second heat exchanger, an LNG storage tank, an LNG gasifier and an auxiliary heater;
natural gas enters a combustion chamber after being heated by a natural gas heat exchanger; the air is divided into two paths after passing through the air compressor, one path enters the combustion chamber to be mixed with the natural gas for combustion and then enters the gas turbine, and the other path enters the compressed air heat exchanger for cooling and then enters the gas turbine;
the air is convected into hot air by the compressed air heat exchanger, the hot air enters the natural gas heat exchanger for convecting heat exchange and cooling, enters the air-water heat exchanger for further cooling, and is discharged out of the heat exchanger housing;
the water is boosted by a water pump and heated in an air-water heat exchanger, then enters a hot water storage tank, and then enters a first heat exchanger for cooling; the refrigerant working medium is boosted from the refrigerant storage tank through the refrigerant pump, enters the first heat exchanger for heating, and then enters the second heat exchanger for heat exchange with LNG;
LNG flows out of the LNG storage tank and then is divided into two paths, one path of LNG enters the LNG vaporizer, the other path of LNG enters the second heat exchanger for heating and vaporizing, and the LNG after the two paths of vaporization is mixed and then enters the auxiliary heater and the temperature of the LNG is adjusted to the temperature required by the system.
A further development of the invention consists in that the water flow in the air-water heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger is regulated by a first regulating valve.
The invention is further improved in that the flow of the refrigerant working medium in the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger is regulated by the second regulating valve.
The invention is further improved in that the refrigerant working medium is selected from light hydrocarbon mixtures.
The invention is further improved in that the light hydrocarbon mixture is a mixture of propane and butane.
The invention is further improved in that the LNG is fed to the LNG vaporizer after passing through the third regulator valve.
The invention is further improved in that LNG enters the second heat exchanger to be heated and gasified after passing through the fourth regulating valve.
The invention is further improved in that the LNG vaporizer is a submerged combustion vaporizer, an integral vaporizer, or a water bath vaporizer.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, the high-temperature exhaust heat of the hot-channel cooling air heat exchanger of the gas turbine, which is originally directly discharged to the atmosphere, is introduced into the LNG gasification process, so that the energy-saving effect of using the high-temperature exhaust waste heat of the hot-channel cooling air heat exchanger of the gas turbine to replace the energy consumption of the LNG gasification process and reducing the fossil energy consumption in the LNG gasification process is achieved. The invention can recycle the waste heat of the cooling air heat exchanger of the hot passage of the gas turbine, and the recycled energy is used for replacing fossil energy consumption in the LNG gasification process, thereby having the beneficial effects of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical M701F gas turbine hot-path cooling air heat exchanger and design parameters.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an LNG vaporization system utilizing gas turbine waste heat according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
the air compressor is 1, the combustion chamber is 2, the turbine is 3, the fan set is 4, the compressed air heat exchanger is 5, the natural gas heat exchanger is 6, the air-water heat exchanger is 7, the heat exchanger housing is 8, the water pump is 9, the hot water storage tank is 10, the first heat exchanger is 11, the refrigerant pump is 12, the refrigerant storage tank is 13, the second heat exchanger is 14, the LNG storage tank is 15, the LNG gasifier is 16, the auxiliary heater is 17, the first regulating valve is 101, the second regulating valve is 102, the third regulating valve is 103, and the fourth regulating valve is 104.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, the LNG gasification system using waste heat of a gas turbine provided by the present invention includes: the air conditioner comprises a compressor 1, a combustion chamber 2, a turbine 3, a fan group 4, a compressed air heat exchanger 5, a natural gas heat exchanger 6, an air-water heat exchanger 7, a heat exchanger housing 8, a water pump 9, a hot water storage tank 10, a first heat exchanger 11, a refrigerant pump 12, a refrigerant storage tank 13, a second heat exchanger 14, an LNG storage tank 15, an LNG gasifier 16, an auxiliary heater 17, a first regulating valve 101, a second regulating valve 102, a third regulating valve 103 and a fourth regulating valve 104.
Wherein, natural gas enters the combustion chamber 2 after being heated by the natural gas heat exchanger 6; the air is divided into two paths after passing through the air compressor 1, one path enters the combustion chamber 2 to be mixed and combusted with the natural gas and then enters the gas turbine 3, and the other path enters the compressed air heat exchanger 5 to be cooled and then enters the gas turbine 3.
Ambient air is sucked by the fan set 4 and enters the heat exchanger housing 8, the air is subjected to convection heat exchange by the compressed air heat exchanger 5 to become hot air, the hot air enters the natural gas heat exchanger 6 to perform convection heat exchange and cooling, and the hot air enters the air-water heat exchanger 7 to be further cooled and then is discharged out of the heat exchanger housing 8.
After being boosted by a water pump 9 and heated in the air-water heat exchanger 7, the water enters a hot water storage tank 10 and then enters a first heat exchanger 11 for cooling; the flow rate of water in the air-water heat exchanger 7 and the first heat exchanger 11 can be regulated by the first regulating valve 101.
The refrigerant working medium is boosted from the refrigerant storage tank 13 through the refrigerant pump 12, enters the first heat exchanger 11 for heating, and then enters the second heat exchanger 14 for heat exchange with LNG. The flow rate of the refrigerant working medium in the second heat exchanger 14 and the first heat exchanger 11 can be regulated by the second regulating valve 102. The refrigerant working medium can be selected from light hydrocarbon mixture (such as mixture of propane (C3H 8) and butane (C4H 10)) or other working medium applicable to the technology.
LNG flows out of the LNG storage tank 15 and is divided into two paths, one path of LNG flows through the third regulating valve 103 and then enters the conventional LNG vaporizer 16 (typically a submerged combustion vaporizer, an integral vaporizer and a water bath vaporizer) for heating and vaporizing, the other path of LNG flows through the fourth regulating valve 104 and then enters the second heat exchanger 14 for heating and vaporizing, and the two paths of gasified LNG are mixed and then enter the auxiliary heater 17 and the temperature of the LNG is regulated to the temperature required by the system.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only one embodiment of the invention, which is described in more detail and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine is characterized by comprising a gas compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine, a fan set, a compressed air heat exchanger, a natural gas heat exchanger, an air-water heat exchanger, a heat exchanger housing, a water pump, a hot water storage tank, a first heat exchanger, a refrigerant pump, a refrigerant storage tank, a second heat exchanger, an LNG storage tank, an LNG gasifier and an auxiliary heater;
natural gas enters a combustion chamber after being heated by a natural gas heat exchanger; the air is divided into two paths after passing through the air compressor, one path enters the combustion chamber to be mixed with the natural gas for combustion and then enters the gas turbine, and the other path enters the compressed air heat exchanger for cooling and then enters the gas turbine;
the air is convected into hot air by the compressed air heat exchanger, the hot air enters the natural gas heat exchanger for convecting heat exchange and cooling, enters the air-water heat exchanger for further cooling, and is discharged out of the heat exchanger housing;
the water is boosted by a water pump and heated in an air-water heat exchanger, then enters a hot water storage tank, and then enters a first heat exchanger for cooling; the refrigerant working medium is boosted from the refrigerant storage tank through the refrigerant pump, enters the first heat exchanger for heating, and then enters the second heat exchanger for heat exchange with LNG;
LNG flows out of the LNG storage tank and then is divided into two paths, one path of LNG enters the LNG vaporizer, the other path of LNG enters the second heat exchanger for heating and vaporizing, and the LNG after the two paths of vaporization is mixed and then enters the auxiliary heater and the temperature of the LNG is adjusted to the temperature required by the system.
2. An LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine according to claim 1 wherein the water flow in the air-water heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger is regulated by a first regulating valve.
3. The LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the refrigerant working medium in the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger is regulated by the second regulating valve.
4. The LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant working medium is selected from the group consisting of a light hydrocarbon mixture.
5. An LNG gasification system utilizing gas turbine waste heat as in claim 4 wherein the light hydrocarbon mixture is a mixture of propane and butane.
6. An LNG vaporization system utilizing waste heat from a gas turbine as in claim 1, wherein the LNG passes through a third regulator valve and then into the LNG vaporizer.
7. The LNG vaporization system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein the LNG is passed through a fourth regulator valve and then enters a second heat exchanger for warming and vaporization.
8. The LNG vaporization system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine as in claim 1, wherein the LNG vaporizer is a submerged combustion vaporizer.
9. An LNG vaporization system utilizing gas turbine waste heat as in claim 1, wherein the LNG vaporizer is an integral vaporizer.
10. The LNG vaporization system utilizing waste heat of a gas turbine as in claim 1, wherein the LNG vaporizer is a water bath vaporizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310927498.5A CN116817170A (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of gas turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310927498.5A CN116817170A (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of gas turbine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116817170A true CN116817170A (en) | 2023-09-29 |
Family
ID=88141285
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310927498.5A Pending CN116817170A (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | LNG gasification system utilizing waste heat of gas turbine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116817170A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-07-26 CN CN202310927498.5A patent/CN116817170A/en active Pending
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