CN116816596A - Emergency safety control method for wind generating set - Google Patents
Emergency safety control method for wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN116816596A CN116816596A CN202310676011.0A CN202310676011A CN116816596A CN 116816596 A CN116816596 A CN 116816596A CN 202310676011 A CN202310676011 A CN 202310676011A CN 116816596 A CN116816596 A CN 116816596A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an emergency safety control method of a wind generating set, belongs to the technical field of wind generating sets, and solves the problem that a wind generating set in the prior art lacks an effective emergency stop control method when facing emergency conditions; the method comprises the following steps: when the emergency state is entered, a coordination control mode among a variable pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system is adopted to realize emergency stop operation; the hardware-level loops of the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system in the wind turbine generator adopt mutually independent control modes; when in emergency stop operation, the software cascade control process is carried out in a progressive mode according to the sequence of the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system, namely whether the control process of the previous system is successful or not is determined whether the control process of the next system is started or not; the emergency stop device can realize the emergency stop effect of the wind turbine generator and can safely stop the wind turbine generator under extreme conditions, thereby greatly reducing the risk of serious accidents of the wind turbine generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind generating sets, and relates to an emergency safety control method of a wind generating set, which is applied to a safety shutdown process of the wind generating set in an emergency situation.
Background
With the development of wind power generation technology, wind power generation equipment can be put into operation in a large batch, and the number of wind generating sets is continuously increased; however, as the service period of the unit equipment increases, the potential safety hazard problem caused by aging of unit devices is more and more prominent, and particularly, the unit overspeed problem caused by failure of wind generating set pitch collection is more and more prominent; this problem can further lead to serious accidents such as overspeed driving, machine reversing and the like of the machine set, so that the field has higher requirements on the safety of the machine set control system.
In the prior art, the control logic when the unit is stopped is designed as follows: if the normal paddle collection fails, the main control system switches to an emergency paddle collection state after detecting that the paddle collection is overtime; the main control system sends an emergency pitch-withdrawing instruction to the pitch-varying system, so that the pitch-varying system is switched to a backup power supply loop, and a pitch-withdrawing process is realized. However, once the backup power loop fails, the entire wind turbine is in an out of control condition, where the blades may stay at a small angle and still absorb wind energy at a large windward side.
Meanwhile, when the wind generating set sends an overspeed fault, the safety chain can be disconnected, the yaw system in the prior art cannot act at the moment, and the brake system can be immediately put into at the same time; in a high-rotation-speed state, when the braking system acts, great impact is brought to the wind generating set, and the braking effect is difficult to achieve; moreover, the friction between the brake pad and the shaft body with high rotation speed can generate a hot spark, and inflammables such as the housing are easy to ignite. In summary, when the prior art is in an emergency, the adopted control logic and method have defects and shortcomings, and serious accidents such as overspeed galloping, burn-in and the like are unavoidable, so that great economic loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe enough method for the control process of the wind generating set under an emergency condition, and the method is characterized in that the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system of the wind generating set are coordinately controlled, the control logics are mutually independent, but the control process is linked and progressive; the emergency stop device can realize the emergency stop effect of the wind turbine generator and ensure that the wind turbine generator can be safely stopped under the extreme condition such as the failure of a pitch control loop of a variable pitch backup power supply, thereby greatly reducing the risk of serious accidents of the wind turbine generator.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the purpose:
when the wind turbine enters an emergency state, a coordination control mode among a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system is adopted to realize emergency stop operation; in an emergency state, hardware-level loops of a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system in the wind turbine generator set adopt mutually independent control modes and are not affected by each other in a hardware connection relation; and when in emergency stop operation, the software cascade control process is carried out in a progressive mode according to the sequence of the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system, namely whether the control process of the previous system is successful or not determines whether the control process of the next system is started or not.
Further, a coordination control mode among the variable pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system and a progressive software-level linkage control process are as follows: when an emergency occurs, the main control system of the wind turbine generator performs a pitch-withdrawing operation through a backup power supply loop of the pitch-varying system; if the backup power supply loop is in a problem, the main control system switches the control instruction, and the pitch-withdrawing operation is carried out through the alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system.
Further, when an emergency occurs, the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction to control the variable pitch system to perform pitch-taking operation; in a specified time after the emergency shutdown control instruction is issued, if the rotation speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator is not reduced to a safe rotation speed range, the main control system performs emergency yaw operation through the yaw system, so that the wind turbine generator is yawed in a direction far away from the main wind direction; in the emergency yaw process, the rotating speed of the generator continuously drops, when the rotating speed of the generator drops to a safe rotating speed range, the main control system performs main shaft braking operation through the braking system to lock the flywheel, and meanwhile, the emergency yaw operation is stopped, so that the whole process of emergency stop operation of the wind turbine generator is realized.
Preferably, the specific control process logic of the pitch operation performed by the pitch system is as follows: when an emergency occurs, the main control system firstly transmits a normal pitch-withdrawing instruction, and performs pitch-withdrawing operation through an alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system; if the blades of the wind turbine generator set do not receive the designated position in the first time, the main control system sends an emergency pitch-withdrawing instruction, and pitch-withdrawing operation is carried out through a backup power supply loop of the pitch-changing system.
Preferably, after the main control system sends out an emergency pitch command, the main control system detects the pitch operation state through the pitch control system; after the instruction is sent and the second time is continued, if at least 1 blade is detected to be not retracted to the position of the limit switch and the pitch angle of the blade is smaller than 70 degrees, the main control system sets the emergency pitch-withdrawing instruction, and the pitch-withdrawing operation is performed again through the alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system.
Preferably, the specific process logic of the emergency yaw operation by the yaw system is: when the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction and starts timing, and when the main control system reaches a third time, if the main control system detects that the rotating speed of the generator of the wind turbine is still greater than a safe rotating speed range, emergency yaw operation is performed through the yaw system, so that the wind turbine starts yaw.
Preferably, the yaw direction of the wind turbine generator is a direction far away from the main wind direction, and if the deviation angle between the nacelle direction of the current wind turbine generator and the main wind direction is smaller than 0 degrees, the yaw direction is in a counterclockwise direction; if the off angle between the cabin direction and the main wind direction is larger than 0 degrees, the yaw direction is clockwise; and when the emergency yaw operation is carried out, if the main control system detects that the rotation speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator is reduced to be within a safe rotation speed range, stopping the emergency yaw operation.
Preferably, the specific process logic of the main shaft braking operation performed by the braking system is as follows: after the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction, the main control system continuously detects the rotating speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator; when an emergency stop control instruction is issued, if the rotating speed of the generator is higher than the safe rotating speed range, the main control system is not put into a braking system except for a manual intervention mode of manual braking and an emergency button; and if the main control system detects that the rotating speed of the generator is reduced to be within the safe rotating speed range, the main control system is put into a braking system to perform main shaft braking operation until the wind turbine generator completes the emergency shutdown process.
In summary, by adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, under the emergency condition, the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system of the wind turbine generator set are coordinated and controlled, so that the emergency shutdown effect of the wind turbine generator set is realized; through the coordinated control among the systems, the wind turbine generator can ensure shutdown under emergency conditions, and the phenomenon of complete out-of-control can not occur, thereby improving the safety of the wind turbine generator. In the most extreme case, for example, a standby power supply pitch-withdrawing loop for pitch control fails, under the coordinated linkage of the method, all systems operate cooperatively, the unit realizes a safe shutdown process, and the risk of serious accidents such as overspeed galloping, tower-firing and tower-turning of the wind generating set can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of emergency safety control of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
The emergency safety control method of the wind turbine generator mainly relates to control processes of a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system in the wind turbine generator, and the embodiment is used for explaining the content of the method in detail.
When the wind turbine generator enters an emergency state, a coordination control mode among a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system is adopted to realize emergency stop operation; in an emergency state, hardware-level loops of a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system in the wind turbine generator set adopt mutually independent control modes and are not affected by each other in a hardware connection relation; and when in emergency stop operation, the software cascade control process is carried out in a progressive mode according to the sequence of the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system, namely whether the control process of the previous system is successful or not determines whether the control process of the next system is started or not.
The implementation of the method of the embodiment needs to consider the design of hardware and software at the same time, and for the new wind turbine generator hardware, the method can be directly designed to meet the requirement that a hardware-level loop of a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system adopts mutually independent control modes; but for the hardware level loop of the traditional wind turbine, the hardware level loop has the following characteristics:
1. if the safety chain is disconnected, the brake system is immediately put into operation;
2. if the safety chain is disconnected, the control loop of the yaw system is disconnected at the same time.
Therefore, when the method of the embodiment is applied, the hardware-level loop of the traditional wind turbine generator is required to be improved, so that a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system in the system are in mutually independent control modes and are not mutually influenced by the hardware connection relation; the improvement method comprises the following steps: after the safety chain is disconnected, the brake system is not simultaneously put into operation; the concrete improvement operation is as follows: in the traditional wind turbine generator system, a specific node in the safety chain loop is short-circuited, and the specific node is a node of the safety chain loop which is connected into the brake loop in series.
Meanwhile, the improvement mode further comprises: after the safety chain is disconnected, the yaw system still operates normally; the concrete improvement operation is as follows: in the traditional wind turbine generator system, 1 relay is added in a safety chain loop, and the loop of a yaw system is independently controlled by the relay.
The following is the main content of the method of the embodiment, and relates to a software control logic process, a coordination control mode among a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system and a progressive software level linkage control process, specifically: when an emergency occurs, the main control system of the wind turbine generator performs a pitch-withdrawing operation through a backup power supply loop of the pitch-varying system; if the backup power supply loop is in a problem, the emergency blade retracting failure is caused if no operation exists, so that the main control system switches the control instruction, and the blade retracting operation is performed through the alternating current power supply loop of the blade changing system. Meanwhile, in the set time after the emergency stop control instruction is issued, if the rotating speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator is not reduced to the safe rotating speed range, the main control system performs emergency yaw operation through the yaw system, so that the wind turbine generator is yawed in the direction far away from the main wind direction; in the emergency yaw process, the rotating speed of the generator continuously drops, when the rotating speed of the generator drops to a safe rotating speed range, the main control system performs main shaft braking operation through the braking system to lock the flywheel, and meanwhile, the emergency yaw operation is stopped, so that the whole process of emergency stop operation of the wind turbine generator is realized. The specific content judgment flow of the whole process can be referred to the example of fig. 1, and is also detailed in the present embodiment, as follows.
In this embodiment, the specific control process logic of the pitch-taking operation performed by the pitch system is: when an emergency occurs, the main control system firstly transmits a normal pitch-withdrawing instruction, and performs pitch-withdrawing operation through an alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system; if the blades of the wind turbine generator set do not receive the designated position within the specified first time, the main control system sends an emergency pitch-withdrawing instruction, and pitch-withdrawing operation is carried out through a backup power supply loop of the pitch-changing system.
Immediately after the main control system sends out an emergency pitch command, the main control system detects the pitch operation state through the pitch control system; after the instruction is sent and the prescribed second time is continued, if at least 1 blade is detected to be not retracted to the position of the limit switch and the pitch angle of the blade is smaller than 70 degrees, the main control system sets the emergency pitch-withdrawing instruction and performs pitch-withdrawing again through an alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system.
In this embodiment, the specific process logic of the emergency yaw operation performed by the yaw system is: the wind turbine generator enters an emergency stop state, the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction and starts timing at the same time, and when the main control system detects that the rotating speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator is still greater than a safe rotating speed range after reaching a specified third time, emergency yaw operation is performed through the yaw system, so that the wind turbine generator starts yaw.
The yaw direction of the wind turbine generator is a direction far away from the main wind direction, and if the deviation angle between the cabin direction of the current wind turbine generator and the main wind direction is smaller than 0 degree, the yaw direction is in a counterclockwise direction; if the off angle between the cabin direction and the main wind direction is larger than 0 degrees, the yaw direction is clockwise; and when the emergency yaw operation is carried out, if the main control system detects that the rotation speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator is reduced to be within a safe rotation speed range, stopping the emergency yaw operation.
In this embodiment, the specific process logic of the main shaft braking operation performed by the braking system is: when the fan triggers emergency stop, the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction and continuously detects the rotating speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator; when an emergency stop control instruction is issued, if the rotating speed of the generator is higher than the safe rotating speed range, the main control system is not immediately put into the braking system except for the manual intervention mode of the manual brake and the emergency button; and only after the main control system detects that the rotating speed of the generator is reduced to be within the safe rotating speed range, the main control system can be put into the braking system to perform main shaft braking operation until the wind turbine generator completes the emergency shutdown process.
Claims (10)
1. An emergency safety control method of a wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the wind turbine generator enters an emergency state, a coordination control mode among a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system is adopted to realize emergency stop operation; in an emergency state, hardware-level loops of a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system in the wind turbine generator set adopt mutually independent control modes and are not affected by each other in a hardware connection relation; and when in emergency stop operation, the software cascade control process is carried out in a progressive mode according to the sequence of the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system, namely whether the control process of the previous system is successful or not determines whether the control process of the next system is started or not.
2. The emergency safety control method of a wind turbine generator system according to claim 1, wherein: the hardware-level loop of the traditional wind turbine generator is improved, so that a pitch system, a yaw system and a brake system in the traditional wind turbine generator are in mutually independent control modes and are not mutually influenced by a hardware connection relation; the improvement method comprises the following steps: after the safety chain is disconnected, the brake system is not simultaneously put into operation; the concrete improvement operation is as follows: in the traditional wind turbine generator system, a specific node in the safety chain loop is short-circuited, and the specific node is a node of the safety chain loop which is connected into the brake loop in series.
3. The emergency safety control method of a wind turbine generator system according to claim 2, wherein: the improvement mode also comprises: after the safety chain is disconnected, the yaw system still operates normally; the concrete improvement operation is as follows: in the traditional wind turbine generator system, 1 relay is added in a safety chain loop, and the loop of a yaw system is independently controlled by the relay.
4. The emergency safety control method of a wind turbine generator system according to claim 1, wherein: the coordination control mode among the pitch system, the yaw system and the brake system and the progressive software-level linkage control process specifically comprise the following steps: when an emergency occurs, the main control system of the wind turbine generator performs a pitch-withdrawing operation through a backup power supply loop of the pitch-varying system; if the backup power supply loop is in a problem, the main control system switches the control instruction, and the pitch-withdrawing operation is carried out through the alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system.
5. The emergency safety control method of a wind generating set according to claim 4, wherein: when an emergency occurs, the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction to control the variable pitch system to perform pitch-taking operation; in a specified time after the emergency shutdown control instruction is issued, if the rotation speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator is not reduced to a safe rotation speed range, the main control system performs emergency yaw operation through the yaw system, so that the wind turbine generator is yawed in a direction far away from the main wind direction; in the emergency yaw process, the rotating speed of the generator continuously drops, when the rotating speed of the generator drops to a safe rotating speed range, the main control system performs main shaft braking operation through the braking system to lock the flywheel, and meanwhile, the emergency yaw operation is stopped, so that the whole process of emergency stop operation of the wind turbine generator is realized.
6. The emergency safety control method of a wind generating set according to claim 5, wherein: the specific control process logic of the pitch-withdrawing operation performed by the pitch-varying system is as follows: when an emergency occurs, the main control system firstly transmits a normal pitch-withdrawing instruction, and performs pitch-withdrawing operation through an alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system; if the blades of the wind turbine generator set do not receive the designated position in the first time, the main control system sends an emergency pitch-withdrawing instruction, and pitch-withdrawing operation is carried out through a backup power supply loop of the pitch-changing system.
7. The emergency safety control method of a wind turbine according to claim 6, wherein: after the main control system sends out an emergency pitch command, the main control system detects a pitch operation state through the pitch control system; after the instruction is sent and the second time is continued, if at least 1 blade is detected to be not retracted to the position of the limit switch and the pitch angle of the blade is smaller than 70 degrees, the main control system sets the emergency pitch-withdrawing instruction, and the pitch-withdrawing operation is performed again through the alternating current power supply loop of the pitch-varying system.
8. The emergency safety control method of a wind generating set according to claim 5, wherein: the specific process logic of the emergency yaw operation performed by the yaw system is as follows: when the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction and starts timing, and when the main control system reaches a third time, if the main control system detects that the rotating speed of the generator of the wind turbine is still greater than a safe rotating speed range, emergency yaw operation is performed through the yaw system, so that the wind turbine starts yaw.
9. The emergency safety control method of a wind turbine according to claim 8, wherein: the yaw direction of the wind turbine generator is a direction far away from the main wind direction, and if the deviation angle between the cabin direction of the current wind turbine generator and the main wind direction is smaller than 0 degree, the yaw direction is in a counterclockwise direction; if the off angle between the cabin direction and the main wind direction is larger than 0 degrees, the yaw direction is clockwise; and when the emergency yaw operation is carried out, if the main control system detects that the rotation speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator is reduced to be within a safe rotation speed range, stopping the emergency yaw operation.
10. The emergency safety control method of a wind generating set according to claim 5, wherein: the specific process logic of the main shaft braking operation performed by the braking system is as follows: after the main control system issues an emergency stop control instruction, the main control system continuously detects the rotating speed of the generator of the wind turbine generator; when an emergency stop control instruction is issued, if the rotating speed of the generator is higher than the safe rotating speed range, the main control system is not put into a braking system except for a manual intervention mode of manual braking and an emergency button; and if the main control system detects that the rotating speed of the generator is reduced to be within the safe rotating speed range, the main control system is put into a braking system to perform main shaft braking operation until the wind turbine generator completes the emergency shutdown process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310676011.0A CN116816596A (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2023-06-08 | Emergency safety control method for wind generating set |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310676011.0A CN116816596A (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2023-06-08 | Emergency safety control method for wind generating set |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116816596A true CN116816596A (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310676011.0A Pending CN116816596A (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2023-06-08 | Emergency safety control method for wind generating set |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116816596A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-08 CN CN202310676011.0A patent/CN116816596A/en active Pending
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