CN116815007A - Multi-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip for high-voltage fuse and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip for high-voltage fuse and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116815007A CN116815007A CN202310783491.0A CN202310783491A CN116815007A CN 116815007 A CN116815007 A CN 116815007A CN 202310783491 A CN202310783491 A CN 202310783491A CN 116815007 A CN116815007 A CN 116815007A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag] NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N Sorbitan trioleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000289 melt material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 101100078300 Caenorhabditis elegans mtm-9 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 229910007116 SnPb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B47/00—Auxiliary arrangements, devices or methods in connection with rolling of multi-layer sheets of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
- C22C5/08—Alloys based on silver with copper as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip for a high-voltage fuse and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of regulating and controlling the performances of pure copper and pure silver composite components through microalloying, improving the oxidation resistance of the pure copper and enabling the deformation performances of the silver and copper components to be more similar, preparing copper bars and silver strips from microalloyed copper and pure silver by adopting continuous casting, vacuum casting and rolling processing, preparing composite blanks by coating organic aids on copper bar grooves and silver alloy strips at a composite interface, enabling the combined interface to be in close contact after the copper bars and the silver alloy strips are initially rolled by two rolling mills, then sintering the composite interface in a protective atmosphere to form an interface layer, and preparing a plurality of silver-copper lateral composite strips from the sintered composite blanks through intermediate rolling, diffusion annealing, rolling, finished product pre-heat treatment, finish rolling and the like; the copper bar is provided with a groove along the length direction. The method adopts the organic auxiliary compound agent to treat the silver-copper composite interface, solves the problem that the composite interface is easy to oxidize, ensures firm combination of the silver-copper composite interface, has low equipment requirement, and is applicable to batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a multi-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip for a high-voltage fuse and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fuses are electrical appliances that use metal conductors as a melt to protect the circuit. When overload or short-circuit current passes through the melt, the melt heats itself to fuse, thereby protecting the power system, various electrical equipment and household appliances.
The pure silver strip is a high-melting-point melt material widely applied at present, the silver melt has good capability of switching on and off strong short-circuit current, the chemical property of Ag is stable, the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance are excellent, the resistance value is not easy to change in the use process, the melting point is stable, the stability and the safety of a circuit are guaranteed, and the pure silver strip is a key material of a high-current and high-reliability fuse. However, in the long-term use process, in particular to the use of fuses for high-low voltage power distribution systems and new energy automobile industries, some defects are gradually exposed, on one hand, the price of pure silver is relatively high, and the cost of electrical products is high; on the other hand, the pure silver material has weaker arc extinguishing capability and needs to be filled with an arc extinguishing medium, and if the arc extinguishing medium fails or is abnormal, the potential safety hazard of fire and even explosion exists; meanwhile, pure silver is used as a melt material, so that the melting point is high, and the temperature rise is large and the melting is slow when the current is overloaded. At the same time, the consumption of the raw material silver tape of the fast-acting fuse is greatly increased, and the price is turned over twice in the two years. This undoubtedly puts a great pressure on the manufacturer, who then puts his eyes on new materials that are sought to be inexpensive and do not affect the use characteristics. Therefore, developing a melt material with good conductivity, strong arc extinguishing capability, low cost, proper melting point and good processability becomes an engineering problem to be solved in fuse manufacture.
In order to solve the problem that the existing melt materials are exposed in the use process, various methods are proposed by fuse manufacturers, such as adopting copper alloy and silver-copper alloy to replace pure silver strips, and also designing welding spots of low-melting-point materials such as SnPb on the melt by using a metallurgical effect. Although these methods solve some of the problems, the problem of low reliability is still not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a multi-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip for a high-voltage fuse and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite interfaces of the silver-copper lateral composite strip are firmly combined, the widths of the silver strips, the relative position precision of the silver strips and the copper strips are high, the rolling process is cold rolling, the product batch stability is high, the preparation process equipment is simple, the problems that the combination of the silver-copper lateral composite interfaces is unreliable, the widths of the silver strips and the relative position precision of the silver strips and the copper strips are difficult to control are solved, and the prepared multi-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip is reliable in combination of the composite interfaces and high in dimensional precision and can be widely applied to melt materials of high-voltage quick fuses of new energy automobiles and power distribution systems.
According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-strip silver copper lateral composite strip for a high voltage fuse, the composite strip being prepared by:
1. the copper bar is prepared according to the following mass percent and is cast by adopting continuous casting and smelting of a continuous casting process
(1) Proportioning materials
0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ag,0.01 to 0.05 percent of Ce and the balance of Cu;
(2) Cast copper bar
Ce is added in a CuCe20 intermediate alloy form, a rectangular high-purity graphite crystallizer is used for continuous casting, the width A of a copper bar is 50-250 mm, and the thickness H is 15-40 mm; then machining 5-10 grooves in the length direction of the copper bar according to the requirements of the product silver bar width and interval by adopting a machining method, wherein the width a of each groove is 2.5-4.5 mm, and the depth H is 85% -90% of the thickness H of the copper bar;
2. the silver alloy ingot is cast by adopting a vacuum induction furnace according to the following ingredients by mass percent
(1) Proportioning materials
Cu:0.1 to 0.3 percent, ce:0.01 to 0.05 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of La, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of P, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of Ag and the balance of Ag;
(2) Casting silver alloy ingot
Cu, ce and La are added in a CuCeLa mixed rare earth intermediate alloy form, P is added in a CuP intermediate alloy form, a vacuum induction furnace is adopted to smelt cast ingot, and silver strips are obtained through hot extrusion, rolling, intermediate heat treatment and finish rolling, wherein the thickness H1 of the silver strips is the width a-0.03-0.1 mm of a copper bar groove, and the width of the silver strips is the depth h+0.05-0.2 mm of the copper bar groove;
3. adding two or more organic acids such as malonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and stearic acid into two or more organic mixed solvents such as ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol and butyl carbitol, heating and dissolving at 50-70 ℃, adding one or more additives such as diethanolamine, triethanolamine, castor oil, span 85 and tween 60 after dissolving completely, stirring uniformly, cooling into paste, coating paste additives on the surfaces of copper bar grooves and silver bar surfaces, and embedding the silver bar coated with the organic additives into the copper bar grooves to form a silver-copper composite blank;
4. the composite blank is initially rolled by adopting two rolling mills, and the total deformation is 5-10%;
5. sintering the composite blank after the initial rolling in a protective atmosphere of a tube furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 600-800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-3 h, and the protective atmosphere is one of nitrogen, argon and hydrogen;
6. rolling the sintered composite blank in a precise four-bar rolling mill, wherein the pass deformation is 5-10% and the total deformation is 40-70%;
7. the composite blank after middle rolling is subjected to diffusion annealing in a tube furnace protective atmosphere, the diffusion annealing temperature is 400-700 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-4 h, the protective atmosphere is one of nitrogen, argon and hydrogen, the steps 6 and 7 are repeated, and the thickness is 3.0 after 3-5 times of annealing and rolling ±0.1 mm；
8. Intermediate surface treatment and rolling: carrying out surface treatment on the composite board subjected to diffusion annealing, carrying out surface treatment by adopting a strip grinding machine, exposing a silver strip at the bottom after grinding, enabling the width of the silver strip to be consistent with the front, then using a spot welder to weld a leading strip, adopting a four-roll compact rolling mill to carry out belt tension rolling, controlling the pass deformation between the two annealing to be between 40 and 70 percent, controlling the tension to be between 1.5KN and 4KN, and controlling the rolling speed to be between 5m/min and 20 m/min;
9. annealing and shearing before finished products: adopting a vertical vacuum annealing furnace to perform heat treatment before the finished product according to the requirements of the size, the tensile strength and the hardness of the finished product, adopting a vacuum pit furnace for annealing before the finished product, wherein the diffusion annealing temperature range is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-2 h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -1 Pa; the front shearing of the finished product adopts a precise strip shearing machine to shear the edges of the strip, so that the total width of the strip and the width of copper strips at two sides are ensured to meet the requirements of the finished product, the shearing tension of the strip is controlled between 0.5KN and 1.5KN, and the rolling speed is controlled between 3m/min and 10 m/min;
10. finish rolling of finished products: the method comprises the steps of adopting a precise six-bar rolling mill to roll with tension, controlling the pass deformation to be 5-10%, controlling the total deformation to be 40-60%, controlling the tension to be 0.5 KN-1.5 KN, controlling the rolling speed to be 3-10 m/min, shearing off heads and tails after finish rolling, cleaning, inspecting and packaging to obtain a plurality of silver-copper composite strip products.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, a micro alloying technology is adopted to perform performance regulation and control on the silver-copper composite base material, an organic auxiliary compound agent is coated on a composite interface to effectively remove a surface oxide film, a cladding type composite blank preparation technology and a protective atmosphere sintering combined technology are adopted to enable two mechanisms of physical mechanical bite pinning and chemical element diffusion connection to coexist and mutually promote interface combination of the silver-copper composite interface, the combination of the composite interface is firm and reliable, meanwhile, a cladding structure composite ingot blank structure is adopted, the direct contact of silver strips and rollers is avoided before finish rolling of a finished product, the silver strips are in a three-way compression state in the rolling process, the compression state is uniform, the stress states among a plurality of silver strips are basically consistent, and uniform deformation is ensured, so that the relative position precision of the silver strips and the silver and the copper strips is improved, the problems that the lateral combination of the silver strips and the copper strips are unreliable, and the relative position precision of the silver strips and the copper strips are difficult to control are solved, the combination of the prepared multi-silver-copper lateral composite strip is reliable, and the combination of the silver strips is high in size precision and can be widely applied to melt materials of high-voltage quick fuses of new energy automobiles and power distribution systems.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a 5-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of 8 silver-copper lateral composite strips prepared by the method of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of a plurality of silver-copper lateral composite strips for a high-voltage fuse, which comprises the following steps:
1. the copper bars are cast by adopting continuous casting and smelting of a continuous casting process according to the following mass percent: 0.08 to 0.1 percent of Ag,0.01 to 0.05 percent of Ce and the balance of Cu; ce is added in the form of CuCe20 intermediate alloy, a rectangular high-purity graphite crystallizer is used for continuous casting, and the width A of a copper bar is 80 ±0.5 mm, thickness H of 15 ±0.1 mm; then adopting a machining method to machine 5 grooves with the width a of 2.5 according to the requirements of the product silver strips on the width and the interval of the product silver strips in the length direction of the copper bars ±0.05 mm, depth h is 12 ± 0.1 mm；
2. The silver alloy ingot is cast by adopting a vacuum induction furnace according to the following ingredients in percentage by mass: cu:0.1 to 0.3 percent, ce:0.01 to 0.05 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of La, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of P, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of Ag and the balance of Ag; cu, ce and La are added in the form of CuCeLa mixed rare earth intermediate alloy, P is added in the form of CuP10 intermediate alloy, a vacuum induction furnace is adopted to smelt cast ingot, and silver strips are obtained through hot extrusion, rolling, intermediate heat treatment and finish rolling, wherein the thickness H1 of the silver strips is 2.45 ±0.05 mm, silver strip width of 12.1 ±0.1mm ；
3. Adding two or more organic acids such as malonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and stearic acid into two or more organic mixed solvents such as ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol and butyl carbitol, heating and dissolving at 50 ℃, adding two or more additives such as diethanolamine, triethanolamine, castor oil, span 85 and tween 60 after dissolving completely, stirring uniformly, cooling into paste, coating paste-like auxiliary compound agent on the surface of a copper bar groove and the surface of a silver bar, and embedding the silver bar coated with the organic auxiliary compound agent into the copper bar groove to assemble a silver-copper composite blank;
4. the composite blank is initially rolled by adopting two rolling mills, the total deformation is 5 to 10 percent, and the thickness of the rolled composite blank is 14 percent ±0.1 mm；
5. Sintering the composite blank after the initial rolling in a protective atmosphere of a tube furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, and the protective atmosphere is hydrogen;
6. rolling the sintered composite blank in a precise four-bar rolling mill, wherein the pass deformation is 5% -10% and the total deformation is 40%;
7. performing diffusion annealing on the composite blank subjected to intermediate rolling by adopting a tube furnace protective atmosphere, wherein the diffusion annealing temperature is 400 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the protective atmosphere is hydrogen; repeating the steps 6 and 7, annealing and rolling for 3 times, and rolling to a thickness of 3.0 ±0.1 mm；
8. Intermediate surface treatment and rolling: carrying out surface treatment on the composite board subjected to diffusion annealing, carrying out surface treatment by adopting a strip grinding machine, exposing a silver strip at the bottom after grinding, enabling the width of the silver strip to be consistent with the front, then welding a lead by using a spot welder, adopting a four-roll compact rolling mill to carry out belt tension rolling, controlling the pass deformation amount to be 10%, controlling the total deformation amount between two times of annealing to be 50%, controlling the tension to be 1.5 KN-2.0 KN, controlling the rolling speed to be 5m/min, and rolling to be 0.2mm after 3 times of annealing and rolling;
9. annealing and shearing before finished products: adopting a vertical vacuum annealing furnace to perform heat treatment before the finished product according to the size, tensile strength and hardness requirements of the finished product, adopting a vacuum pit furnace for annealing before the finished product, wherein the annealing temperature is 400 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -1 Pa; the front shearing of the finished product adopts a precise strip shearing machine to conduct shearing on the edge of the strip, so that the total width of the strip and the width of copper strips on two sides are ensured to be compounded with the requirements of the finished product, and the strip is shearedThe tension is controlled between 0.5KN and 1.5KN, and the rolling speed is controlled between 3m/min and 10 m/min;
10. finish rolling of finished products: the precise six-bar rolling mill is adopted for rolling with tension, the pass deformation is 5 to 10 percent, the total deformation is controlled to be about 40 percent, the tension is controlled to be between 0.5KN and 0.7KN, the rolling speed is controlled to be between 3m/min and 4m/min, and the thickness of the rolled finished product is 0.11 ±0.01 And (3) cutting off the head and the tail of the finished product after finish rolling, cleaning, checking and packaging to obtain 5 silver-copper composite strip products (shown in figure 1).
Example 2
The invention provides a preparation method of a plurality of silver-copper lateral composite strips for a high-voltage fuse, which comprises the following steps:
1. the copper bars are cast by adopting continuous casting and smelting of a continuous casting process according to the following mass percent: 0.08 to 0.1 percent of Ag,0.01 to 0.05 percent of Ce and the balance of Cu; ce is added in the form of CuCe20 intermediate alloy, a rectangular high-purity graphite crystallizer is used for continuous casting, and the width A of a copper bar is 200 ±1.0 mm, thickness H of 40 ±0.1 mm; then adopting a machining method to machine 5 grooves with the width a of 4.5 according to the requirements of the product silver strips on the width and the interval of the product silver strips in the length direction of the copper bars ±0.05 mm, depth h of 36 ± 0.1 mm；
2. The silver alloy ingot is cast by adopting a vacuum induction furnace according to the following ingredients in percentage by mass: cu:0.1 to 0.3 percent, ce:0.01 to 0.05 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of La, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of P, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of Ag and the balance of Ag; cu, ce and La are added in the form of CuCeLa mixed rare earth intermediate alloy, P is added in the form of CuP10 intermediate alloy, a vacuum induction furnace is adopted to smelt cast ingot, and silver strips are obtained through hot extrusion, rolling, intermediate heat treatment and finish rolling, wherein the thickness H1 of the silver strips is 4.45 ±0.05 mm, silver strip width of 36.2 ±0.1mm ；
3. Adding two or more organic acids such as malonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and stearic acid into two or more organic mixed solvents such as ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol and butyl carbitol, heating and dissolving at 70 ℃, adding two or more additives such as diethanolamine, triethanolamine, castor oil, span 85 and tween 60 after dissolving completely, stirring uniformly, cooling to form paste, coating the paste-like auxiliary agent on the surfaces of copper bar grooves and silver bars, and embedding the silver bars coated with the organic auxiliary agent into the copper bar grooves to form a silver-copper composite blank;
4. the composite blank is initially rolled by adopting two rolling mills, the total deformation is 5 to 10 percent, and the thickness of the rolled composite blank is 38 percent ±0.2 mm；
5. Sintering the composite blank after the initial rolling in a protective atmosphere of a tube furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 770 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5h, and the protective atmosphere is argon;
6. rolling the sintered composite blank in a precise four-bar rolling mill, wherein the pass deformation is 5% -10% and the total deformation is 60%;
7. performing diffusion annealing on the composite blank subjected to intermediate rolling by adopting a tube furnace protective atmosphere, wherein the diffusion annealing temperature is 600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the protective atmosphere is argon; repeating the steps 6 and 7, annealing and rolling for several times to obtain a thickness of 3.0 ±0.1 mm；
8. Intermediate surface treatment and rolling: carrying out surface treatment on the composite board subjected to diffusion annealing, carrying out surface treatment by adopting a strip grinding machine, exposing a silver strip at the bottom after grinding, enabling the width of the silver strip to be consistent with the front, then welding a lead by using a spot welder, adopting a four-roll compact rolling mill to carry out belt tension rolling, controlling the pass deformation amount to be 10%, controlling the total deformation amount between two times of annealing to be 50%, controlling the tension to be 1.5 KN-2.0 KN, controlling the rolling speed to be 10m/min, and rolling to be 0.2mm after 3 times of annealing and rolling;
9. annealing and shearing before finished products: adopting a vertical vacuum annealing furnace to perform heat treatment before the finished product according to the size, tensile strength and hardness requirements of the finished product, adopting a vacuum pit furnace for annealing before the finished product, wherein the annealing temperature is 500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -1 Pa; the finished product front shearing adopts a precise strip shearing machine to shear the edges of the strip, so as to ensure the total width of the strip and the composite finished product requirement of the copper strip width on two sides, the strip shearing tension is controlled between 0.5KN and 1.0KN, and the rolling speed is controlled between 8m/min and 10m/min is between;
10. finish rolling of finished products: the precise six-bar rolling mill is adopted for rolling with tension, the pass deformation is 5 to 10 percent, the total deformation is controlled to be about 70 percent, the tension is controlled to be between 0.5KN and 0.7KN, the rolling speed is controlled to be between 8m/min and 10m/min, and the thickness of the rolled finished product is 0.05 percent ±0.005 And (3) cutting off the head and the tail after finishing rolling of the finished product, cleaning, checking and packaging to obtain 10 silver-copper composite strip products.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-strip silver-copper lateral composite strip for a high-voltage fuse is characterized in that the composite strip is prepared by the following method:
slotting the microalloyed copper bar by adopting a machining method, coating an organic aid on a composite interface with a high-strength high-conductivity silver alloy bar to prepare a composite blank, performing initial rolling by adopting two rolling mills, closely contacting the composite interface, performing protective atmosphere sintering by adopting a tubular furnace to form an interface layer on the composite interface, and performing middle rolling, diffusion annealing, rolling, finished product pre-heat treatment and finish rolling on the sintered composite blank to prepare the silver-copper lateral composite strip;
the microalloyed copper bar comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ag,0.01 to 0.05 percent of Ce and the balance of Cu; the micro-alloyed copper bar is prepared by adopting a continuous casting method, and the width of the copper bar is 50-250 mm and the thickness of the copper bar is 15-50 mm;
the high-strength high-conductivity silver strip comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu,0.01 to 0.05 percent of Ce,0.01 to 0.05 percent of Sn,0.01 to 0.05 percent of La,0.001 to 0.01 percent of P and the balance of Ag; the high-strength high-conductivity silver strip is smelted and cast in a vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace, and is subjected to hot extrusion and rolling to obtain the required silver strip, wherein the thickness H1 of the silver strip is the width a-0.03-0.05 mm of a copper bar groove, and the width of the silver strip is the depth h+0.05-0.2 mm of the copper bar groove; the copper bar is provided with grooves along the length direction, the number of the grooves is 5-10, the width a of each groove is 2.5-4.5 mm, and the depth H of each groove is 85-90% of the thickness H of the copper bar.
2. The method of preparing a plurality of silver-copper lateral composite strips for high voltage fuses according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, proportioning according to the following mass percentages, and adopting a continuous casting process to cast copper bars in a continuous casting and smelting way:
and (3) batching: 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ag,0.01 to 0.05 percent of Ce and the balance of Cu;
casting copper bars: ce is added in a CuCe20 intermediate alloy form, a rectangular high-purity graphite crystallizer is used for continuous casting, the width A of a copper bar is 50-250 mm, and the thickness H is 15-40 mm; then machining 5-10 grooves in the length direction of the copper bar according to the requirements of the product silver bar width and interval by adopting a machining method, wherein the width a of each groove is 2.5-4.5 mm, and the depth H is 85% -90% of the thickness H of the copper bar;
and 2, melting and casting silver alloy ingots by adopting a vacuum induction furnace according to the following weight percentages:
and (3) batching: wt.% of Cu:0.1 to 0.3 percent of Ce:0.01 to 0.05 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of La, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of P and the balance of Ag;
casting silver alloy ingot: cu, ce and La are added in a CuCeLa mixed rare earth intermediate alloy form, P is added in a CuP intermediate alloy form, a vacuum induction furnace is adopted to smelt cast ingot, and silver strips are obtained through hot extrusion, rolling, intermediate heat treatment and finish rolling, wherein the thickness H1 of the silver strips is the width a-0.03-0.1 mm of a copper bar groove, and the width of the silver strips is the depth h+0.05-0.2 mm of the copper bar groove;
step 3, adding two or more of ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol and butyl carbitol into two or more of malonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and stearic acid, mixing, heating and dissolving, adding one or more additives of diethanolamine, triethanolamine, castor oil, span 85 and tween 60 after dissolving completely, stirring uniformly, cooling into paste, coating a paste auxiliary agent on the surface of a copper bar groove and the surface of the silver bar, and embedding the silver bar coated with the organic auxiliary agent into the copper bar groove to form a silver-copper composite blank;
step 4, the composite blank is initially rolled by adopting two rolling mills, and the total deformation is 5-10%;
step 5, sintering the composite blank subjected to blooming in a tube furnace protective atmosphere and preserving heat;
step 6, rolling the sintered composite blank in a precise four-bar rolling mill, wherein the pass deformation is 5% -10% and the total deformation is 40% -70%;
step 7, performing diffusion annealing and heat preservation on the intermediate rolled composite blank by adopting a tube furnace protective atmosphere, repeating the steps 6 and 7, and rolling to a thickness of 2.9-3.1 mm after 3-5 times of annealing and rolling;
step 8, intermediate surface treatment and rolling: carrying out surface treatment on the composite board after diffusion annealing, then welding a leading belt, adopting a four-rod compact rolling mill to carry out belt tension rolling, controlling the pass deformation between 10 and 20 percent and controlling the total deformation between two annealing to be between 40 and 70 percent;
step 9, annealing and shearing before finished products;
and step 10, finish rolling to obtain a plurality of silver-copper composite strip products.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in step 3, the heating and dissolving are carried out at 50-70 ℃.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in the step 5, the sintering temperature is 600-800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-3 h, and the protective atmosphere is one of nitrogen, argon and hydrogen.
5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in the step 7, the diffusion annealing temperature ranges from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, the heat preservation time ranges from 0.5h to 4h, and the protective atmosphere is one of nitrogen, argon and hydrogen.
6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in step 8, a belt material grinding machine is adopted for surface treatment, and after grinding, the bottom silver strips are exposed, and the width of the silver strips is consistent with the width of the front face.
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in the step 8, the tension of the belt tension rolling is controlled between 1.5KN and 4KN, and the rolling speed is controlled between 5m/min and 20 m/min.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein in step 9, the pre-finish annealing comprises:
adopting a vertical vacuum annealing furnace to perform heat treatment before the finished product according to the requirements of the size, the tensile strength and the hardness of the finished product, adopting a vacuum pit furnace for annealing before the finished product, wherein the diffusion annealing temperature range is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-2 h, and the vacuum degree is less than 10 -1 Pa。
9. The method of claim 2, wherein in step 9, the finished product front-cutting comprises:
the accurate strip shearing machine is adopted to conduct shearing on the edge of the strip, the requirements of the composite finished product of the total width of the strip and the width of copper strips on two sides are guaranteed, the shearing tension of the strip is controlled between 0.5KN and 1.5KN, and the rolling speed is controlled between 3m/min and 10 m/min.
10. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein in step 10, the finish rolling comprises:
the method comprises the steps of adopting a precise six-bar rolling mill to roll with tension, controlling the pass deformation to be 5-10%, controlling the total deformation to be 40-60%, controlling the tension to be 0.5 KN-1.5 KN, controlling the rolling speed to be 3-10 m/min, shearing off heads and tails after finish rolling, cleaning, inspecting and packaging to obtain a plurality of silver-copper composite strip products.
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| CN117358753A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-01-09 | 湖南方恒新材料技术股份有限公司 | Titanium/aluminum/titanium side composite thin belt and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117358753A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-01-09 | 湖南方恒新材料技术股份有限公司 | Titanium/aluminum/titanium side composite thin belt and preparation method thereof |
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