CN116814965A - Method and device for improving electroslag remelting production capacity - Google Patents
Method and device for improving electroslag remelting production capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN116814965A CN116814965A CN202310775979.9A CN202310775979A CN116814965A CN 116814965 A CN116814965 A CN 116814965A CN 202310775979 A CN202310775979 A CN 202310775979A CN 116814965 A CN116814965 A CN 116814965A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for improving the production capacity of electroslag remelting, wherein in the electrode remelting smelting operation, an induction heating coil is used for carrying out auxiliary heating on an electrode, so that the melting speed of the electrode in liquid slag is improved. The implementation of the invention can reduce the electric quantity consumption of the whole production system, and simultaneously can realize the improvement of the electroslag remelting production capacity, so that the production capacity is improved by 20-40% compared with the original electroslag remelting process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroslag remelting smelting, and particularly relates to a method and a device for improving electroslag remelting production capacity.
Background
The basic principle of electroslag remelting is that electric current gradually melts a metal electrode through resistance heat generated by liquid slag, and molten metal is converged into metal droplets which pass through a slag layer and enter a metal molten pool. Electroslag remelting has the capability of well removing nonmetallic inclusions, and steel and alloy subjected to electroslag remelting have high cleanliness. Nonmetallic inclusions contained in steel smelted by a common method can be removed by 80-90% after electroslag remelting. The electroslag steel ingot is forcedly cooled and solidified in a water-cooling crystallizer, so that the steel ingot has compact crystal structure and generally does not have low-power defects such as shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like. Because of the above advantages, electroslag remelting has become one of the primary methods for producing high quality steels and alloys. However, the greatest disadvantage of electroslag remelting is that the production capacity is relatively low, typically in the range of 0.3 to 0.8t/h, mainly because during production, the electrode is gradually melted by means of heat conduction at the high temperature of the liquid slag. The heat conduction heat efficiency directly influences the electrode melting rate, and in order to improve the temperature of liquid slag, the slag system is improved to improve the heat resistance, so that the slag temperature is improved to accelerate the melting of the electrode. Slag systems with large thermal resistance have relatively high viscosity, and are unfavorable for removing molten steel inclusions. In addition, the large thermal resistance also requires more electric energy to maintain the high temperature state of the liquid slag. In order to reduce the electric energy consumption, although the electric network system of the electroslag remelting is optimized, the reactance of a connecting line is reduced, and the power factor is improved, the electric consumption per ton of steel in the electroslag remelting process is still higher and is generally 1500-2000 KW.h/t.
The patent with the application number of 201310166458.X discloses electroslag remelting slag for smelting plastic die steel and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that the slag system comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: caF (CaF) 2 ：30～45％，Al 2 O 3 ：20～30％，CaO：20～30％，SiO 2 : 5-10%. The viscosity of the electroslag remelting slag is improved by adding CaO, and the electric resistance of the slag is improved to improve the heavy electric efficiency of the slag, thereby improving the production capacity. However, the method increases the electroslag consumption of slag by adjusting the slag system components, and can additionally increase the electric energy consumption. In addition, caO added to the slag easily absorbs moisture from the air, resulting in an increase in the hydrogen content of the electroslag ingot. In a combined view, the application is disadvantageous for stable production at low cost by adjusting the composition of the slag.
In reference "second generation electroslag metallurgical technology research" (journal of materials and metallurgy 2011, volume 10), the current electroslag remelting technology is comprehensively discussed, wherein the improvement of the production efficiency of electroslag remelting is discussed in the literature, a new method is introduced, and the molten steel smelted by an electric arc furnace is poured into a crystallizer containing molten and overheated alkaline synthetic slag from a tundish transition tank by adopting an electroslag pouring method, so that steel ingot pouring is completed. Although the method greatly improves the production efficiency compared with the traditional electroslag remelting process, the method does not belong to the electroslag remelting process strictly, because molten steel melted by an electric furnace is directly poured into a crystallizer filled with slag, the process has great adverse effect on the quality of steel ingots, and the slag in the crystallizer is liable to have stronger stirring effect, so that slag is liable to be rolled, and the cleanliness of the steel ingots is reduced; secondly, the contact specific surface ratio of the poured liquid molten steel to slag is greatly reduced, and the inclusion of the molten steel is not removed; the third injected molten steel amount is much larger than the traditional electroslag remelting molten steel amount, so that the solidification structure of the steel ingot is adversely affected, and segregation and loosening defects are easily generated; finally, the molten steel melted by the electric furnace has a certain superheat degree when being heated to a very high temperature in order to prevent the molten steel from being frozen at too low temperature in the casting process, and most of the heat is dissipated in a radiation manner in the casting process, so that the molten steel is energy waste. From a certain link, the energy conservation is achieved, the energy consumption of the whole system is analyzed, and the effect of reducing the electricity consumption and the cost is not achieved.
Based on the background, the invention provides an induction heating method for pre-heating the electrode according to the electroslag remelting principle, thereby achieving the effects of reducing the electricity consumption of the whole system, improving the electrode melting rate and realizing the improvement of the electroslag remelting production capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for improving the production capacity of electroslag remelting, which can reduce the electric quantity consumption of the whole production system and improve the production capacity of the electroslag remelting by 20-40% compared with the prior electroslag remelting process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for improving electroslag remelting production capacity is characterized in that in electrode remelting smelting operation, an induction heating coil is used for carrying out auxiliary heating on an electrode, so that the melting speed of the electrode in liquid slag is improved.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
1) The crystallizer is mounted on the bottom tank and conventional process operations are completed.
2) The induction heating coil is swung above the mold with the induction heating coil and the center of the mold being on the same axis.
3) Penetrating the electrode into the crystallizer from the upper part of the induction heating coil, and enabling gaps between the induction heating coil and the electrode to be uniform;
4) Spraying ignition slag on the bottom water tank, moving the electrode downwards to be in contact with the ignition slag, conducting electrifying ignition and arcing, and throwing slag into the crystallizer after the ignition slag is completely melted and the current and the voltage are stable;
CaF is selected as slag material 2 -Al 2 O 3 The ternary NaCl slag system has the advantages of low melting point, good conductivity, contribution to removing inclusions at high temperature, and capability of greatly reducing electricity consumption and achieving the effect of reducing cost. The defect is that the resistance heat of the slag system is lower than that of the conventional slag material, which is unfavorable for melting of electrodes, but the induction heating auxiliary function is adopted in the process, so that the defect of the slag system is overcome. The slag system matched with the process comprises the following components in percentage by mass: caF (CaF) 2 65% -80% of Al 2 O 3 15 to 30 percent and 5 to 10 percent of NaCl. Because the melting rate of the liquid drops is faster than that of the conventional liquid drops, the input slag quantity is improved by 1-3 times than that of the conventional liquid drops so as to ensure that the depth of a liquid slag pool is controlled to be 100-300 mm.
5) After slag is put into a crystallizer, the position of an induction heating coil is adjusted, the distance between the bottom end surface of the induction heating coil and the slag liquid surface is kept within the range of 20-50 mm, the induction heating coil is started to carry out auxiliary heating on an electrode, and the heating temperature of the induction heating coil on the electrode is controlled to be 20-50 ℃ below the solidus temperature of the electrode steel grade by adjusting the power; and selecting the frequency of the induction heating coil according to the size of the heating electrode. The heated electrode is gradually melted in the slag and falls into the metal liquid pool in the form of liquid drops, and under the water cooling effect of the crystallizer and the bottom water tank, the molten steel in the metal liquid pool is gradually cooled and solidified to form the electroslag steel ingot.
6) After the electrodes are completely melted, the induction heating coil is closed, the induction heating coil is put out of a working position, and electroslag remelting operation is completed.
The device comprises a crystallizer, an induction heating coil and a bottom water tank, wherein the crystallizer is arranged on the bottom water tank, the induction heating coil is arranged above the crystallizer and is positioned on the same axis with the center of the crystallizer, and during production operation, an electrode penetrates into the crystallizer from the upper part of the induction heating coil.
The induction heating coil is of a single-turn solenoid structure, and is round or square in whole.
Considering that the electrode melting descending speed is usually 20-50 mm/h in the remelting process, the induction heating speed can reach the target heating temperature every minute, if a plurality of turns of induction heating coils are adopted, the electrode is likely to be caused to be exposed outside for a long time in the process of not entering the high-temperature liquid slag melting process, and the electrode surface in the high-temperature area is likely to be oxidized, so that the cleanliness of the final steel ingot is reduced. Meanwhile, the heat of the high-temperature area is continuously lost in a radiation heat dissipation mode, so that the electricity cost is greatly increased, and the electricity consumption of the 10-turn coil is increased by about 15% compared with that of the coil without induction heating when the electroslag remelting production is carried out. In order to solve the problems, the induction heating coil is designed into a single-turn solenoid structure, so that only a very narrow area of the electrode surface is heated in the induction heating process, the surface oxidation caused by the induction heating of the electrode can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the surface of the electrode can be coated with a layer of alumina powder to prevent the surface of the electrode from being oxidized at high temperature for steel with very high cleanliness requirements. The adoption of the single-turn coil is beneficial to reducing heat loss, and meanwhile, in order to reduce heat loss and oxidation, the distance between the coil and the liquid slag surface is controlled within a smaller range of 20-50 mm, so that the coil can enter the liquid slag pool in the shortest time after being heated by the electrodes.
The specific shape of the induction heating coil depends on the cross-sectional shape of the electrode being heated. The cross section of the coil solenoid is rectangular, the height of the induction heating coil is h, the diameter of the induction heating coil is D, if the coil is rectangular, the diameter D of the coil is converted according to the diameter of a circle under the equivalent area, and the value range of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.05-0.1. In order to prevent the electrodes from contacting the coil, it is required that the gap distance from the inner wall of the coil to the electrode surface is controlled to 10 to 50mm. The range of the value of the ratio h/D of the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode to the height of the coil can be designed according to the following range, and when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 100mm, the value of the ratio h/D of the height of the electrode is 0.09-0.1; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 360mm and is less than 100mm, the value of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.07-0.09; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is more than 360mm, the value of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.05-0.07. In order to provide good heating effect for electrodes of different sizes, and to ensure that the electrodes are not melted, the adjustment range of the heating power of the induction heating coil is set to 10-300 kW. In the induction heating process, the frequency of the coil has great influence on the heating effect of the electrode, when high-frequency heating is adopted, the skin effect induces the surface of the electrode to concentrate current, so that the internal heating of the electrode is slow, and the heating effect of the electrode with a large size is not ideal. For electrodes with smaller sizes, high-frequency heating is adopted, so that the electrodes can be heated quickly, and the heating effect of the electrodes can be improved. For this reason, during the heating process, a suitable heating frequency should be selected according to the size of the electrode to be heated, and the frequency of the coil in the present invention is selected in the range of 50 to 1000Hz. When the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode (2) is less than or equal to 100mm, the induction heating frequency is 800-1000 Hz; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode (2) is less than or equal to 360mm and less than 100mm, the induction heating frequency is 200-800 Hz; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode (2) is more than 360mm, the induction heating frequency is 50-200 Hz.
The invention has the auxiliary function of electromagnetic induction heating by new design of the electroslag remelting process method, and the special slag charge is matched with the auxiliary function, so that compared with the existing electroslag remelting process method, the invention has good beneficial effects, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) The electricity consumption of ton steel in the electroslag process is greatly reduced, so that the electricity consumption is reduced from the original 1500-2000 KW.h/t steel to 1200-1400 KW.h/t steel;
2) The effective utilization rate of the electric energy is improved from the original average 75% to the average 85%, so that the production cost is reduced;
3) The method can improve the electroslag remelting production capacity from 0.3 to 0.8t/h to 0.6 to 1.5t/h.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an induction heating electroslag remelting apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the appearance of an induction heating coil.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an induction heating coil.
In the figure: 1-an induction heating coil driving mechanism; 2-electrodes; 3-crystallizer; 4-an induction heating coil; 5-liquid slag; 6-a metal bath; 7-electroslag ingots; 8-bottom water tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention only and are not limiting the present invention.
According to the invention, the electrode is subjected to auxiliary heating treatment in an induction heating mode, so that the effects of reducing the electricity consumption of the whole system, improving the electrode melting rate and improving the electroslag remelting production capacity are achieved.
The invention completes remelting smelting operation of the counter electrode through the electroslag remelting device with the electrode induction heating function, thereby realizing the improvement of the melting speed of the electrode in liquid slag and the metallurgical effect of improving the production capacity, and the invention is described below by combining with the schematic diagram of the device:
as shown in fig. 1, the device for improving the electroslag remelting production capacity according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a crystallizer 3, an induction heating coil 4 and a bottom water tank 8, wherein the crystallizer 3 is arranged on the bottom water tank 8, the induction heating coil 4 is arranged above the crystallizer 3 and is positioned on the same axis with the center of the crystallizer 3, and during production operation, an electrode 2 penetrates into the crystallizer 3 from the upper part of the induction heating coil 4.
The induction heating coil 4 is driven by the induction heating coil holding mechanism 1 to finish the up-down and left-right adjustment actions, thereby meeting the adjustment of the position of the induction heating coil in production.
The induction heating coil 4 is a single turn solenoid structure. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross section of the coil solenoid is rectangular, the height-diameter ratio h/D is in the range of 0.05-0.1, h is the height of the induction heating coil 4, and D is the diameter of the induction heating coil 4.
The technical process of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
example 1:
the electroslag remelting H13 die steel has the electrode 2 with the diameter of 300mm and the electroslag ingot 7 with the diameter of 400mm, and the specific process operation method is as follows:
according to the technical requirements that the height-diameter ratio h/D of the induction heating coil 4 is 0.07-0.09 when the gap distance from the inner wall of the induction heating coil 4 to the surface of the electrode 2 is controlled to be 10-50 mm and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 360mm, the diameter D of the induction heating coil 4 adopts a circular coil (shown in figure 2) with the diameter of 360mm, the height of a coil solenoid is 27mm, and the induction heating frequency is 500Hz.
The specific process method comprises the following steps:
1) The crystallizer 3 is installed on the bottom water tank 8, and conventional process operation is completed;
2) Placing the induction heating coil 4 above the crystallizer 3, and enabling the induction heating coil 4 and the center of the crystallizer 3 to be on the same axis;
3) Penetrating the electrode 2 from the upper part of the induction heating coil 4 and making the gap between the induction heating coil 4 and the electrode 2 uniform;
4) Spraying igniting slag on the bottom water tank 8, moving the electrode downwards to contact with the igniting slag, electrifying to ignite and strike arc, and after the igniting slag is completely melted and the current and the voltage are stable, guidingCaF is put into the crystallizer 3 2 -Al 2 O 3 -NaCl triple slag. CaF in slag 2 -Al 2 O 3 The percentage by mass of NaCl is 75 percent, 19 percent, 6 percent and the depth of the liquid slag 5 is controlled to be 150mm;
5) After the slag charge is put into the crystallizer 3, the position of the induction heating coil 4 is adjusted, the distance between the bottom end surface of the induction heating coil 4 and the liquid slag 5 surface is kept within 50mm, the induction heating coil 4 is started to carry out auxiliary heating on the electrode 2, and the heating temperature of the electrode 2 is controlled to be 40 ℃ below the solidus temperature of the electrode steel grade by adjusting the power.
6) After the electrode 2 is completely melted, the induction heating coil 4 is closed, the induction heating coil is put out of a working position, and electroslag remelting operation is completed.
Example 2:
the section of the electrode 2 of the electroslag remelting invar steel is 300 x 1500mm, the section of the electroslag ingot 7 is 450 x 1000mm, and the specific process operation method is as follows:
a rectangular induction heating coil 4 is selected according to the shape and size of the electrode 2. The cross section of the electrode 2 is rectangular 300 x 1500mm, and the diameter of the equivalent area circle is 379mm. According to the gap distance from the inner wall of the induction coil to the surface of the electrode 2 being controlled to be 10-50 mm and according to the technological requirement that the height-diameter ratio h/D of the induction heating coil 4 is 0.05-0.07 when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is more than 360mm, the induction heating coil 4 adopts a 320 x 1520mm rectangular coil, the height of the coil solenoid is 25mm, and the induction heating frequency is 150Hz. The specific process method comprises the following steps:
1) The crystallizer 3 is installed on the bottom water tank 8, and conventional process operation is completed;
2) Placing the induction heating coil 4 above the crystallizer 3, and enabling the induction heating coil 4 and the center of the crystallizer 3 to be on the same axis;
3) Penetrating the electrode 2 from the upper part of the induction heating coil 4 and making the gap between the induction heating coil 4 and the electrode 2 uniform;
4) The ignition slag is scattered on the bottom water tank 8, the electrode 2 is electrified to ignite and strike an arc after being moved downwards to be contacted with the ignition slag, and the ignition slag is left to igniteAfter all melting and the current and voltage are stabilized, caF is charged into the crystallizer 3 2 -Al 2 O 3 -NaCl triple slag. CaF in slag 2 -Al 2 O 3 The percentage by mass of NaCl is 77%,18%,5% and the depth of liquid slag 5 is controlled at 200mm.
5) After the slag charge is put into the crystallizer 3, the position of the induction heating coil 4 is adjusted, the distance between the bottom end surface of the induction heating coil 4 and the liquid slag 5 surface is kept within 45mm, the induction heating coil 4 is started to carry out auxiliary heating on the electrode 2, and the heating temperature of the electrode 2 by the induction heating coil 4 is controlled to be 30 ℃ below the solidus temperature of the electrode steel grade.
6) After the electrode 2 is completely melted, the induction heating coil 4 is closed, the induction heating coil 4 is put out of a working position, and electroslag remelting operation is completed.
Example 3:
the section of the electrode 2 of the electroslag remelting 9Cr18 bearing steel is square 85mm, the section of the electroslag ingot 7 is 100mm, and the specific process operation method is as follows:
square induction heating coils 4 are selected according to the shape and size of the electrodes 2. The diameter of a square reduced equivalent area circle with a cross section of 85 x 85mm of the electrode 2 is 96mm. According to the technological requirements that the gap distance from the inner wall of the induction coil to the surface of the electrode 2 is controlled to be 10-50 mm and the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 100mm, the value of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.09-0.1, the induction heating coil 4 adopts a square coil with the height of 100mm, the height of the coil solenoid is 11mm, and the induction heating frequency is 900Hz.
The specific process method comprises the following steps:
1) The crystallizer 3 is installed on the bottom water tank 8, and conventional process operation is completed;
2) Placing the induction heating coil 4 above the crystallizer 3, and enabling the induction heating coil 4 and the center of the crystallizer 3 to be on the same axis;
3) Penetrating the electrode 2 from the upper part of the induction heating coil 4 and making the gap between the induction heating coil 4 and the electrode 2 uniform;
4) The igniting slag is spread on the bottom water tank 8, and the electrode 2 is moved downwards to the position corresponding to the igniting slagAfter contacting, electrifying to ignite and strike an arc, and after the ignition slag is completely melted and the current and the voltage are stable, casting CaF into the crystallizer 3 2 -Al 2 O 3 -NaCl triple slag. CaF in slag 2 -Al 2 O 3 The percentage by mass of NaCl is 72 percent, 21 percent, 7 percent and the depth of the liquid slag 5 is controlled to be 240mm.
5) After the slag charge is put into the crystallizer 3, the position of the induction heating coil 4 is adjusted, the distance between the bottom end surface of the induction heating coil 4 and the liquid slag 5 surface is kept at 50mm, the induction heating coil 4 is started to carry out auxiliary heating on the electrode 2, and the heating temperature of the induction heating coil 4 on the electrode 2 is controlled to be 25 ℃ below the solidus temperature of the electrode steel grade by adjusting the power.
6) After the electrode 2 is completely melted, the induction heating coil 4 is closed, the induction heating coil 4 is put out of a working position, and electroslag remelting operation is completed.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving electroslag remelting production capacity is characterized in that in electrode remelting smelting operation, an induction heating coil is used for carrying out auxiliary heating on an electrode, so that the melting speed of the electrode in liquid slag is improved.
2. The method for improving the electroslag remelting production capacity according to claim 1, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
1) Installing the crystallizer on the bottom water tank, and completing the conventional process operation;
2) Placing an induction heating coil above the crystallizer, and enabling the induction heating coil and the center of the crystallizer to be positioned on the same axis;
3) Penetrating an electrode from the upper part of the induction heating coil into the crystallizer;
4) Spraying ignition slag on the bottom water tank, moving the electrode downwards to be in contact with the ignition slag, conducting electrifying ignition and arcing, and throwing slag into the crystallizer after the ignition slag is completely melted and the current and the voltage are stable;
5) Adjusting the position of an induction heating coil, keeping the distance between the bottom end surface of the induction heating coil and the slag surface within the range of 20-50 mm, starting the induction heating coil to carry out auxiliary heating on the electrode, and controlling the heating temperature of the induction heating coil on the electrode to be 20-50 ℃ below the solidus temperature of the electrode steel grade;
6) After the electrode is completely melted, the induction heating coil is closed, and the electroslag remelting operation is completed.
3. The method for improving the electroslag remelting production capacity according to claim 2, wherein the slag is CaF 2 -Al 2 O 3 The NaCl ternary slag system has slag amount to ensure the depth of the liquid slag pool to be controlled in 100-300 mm.
4. A method for improving electroslag remelting production as claimed in claim 3, wherein the CaF 2 -Al 2 O 3 The NaCl ternary slag system comprises the following components in percentage by mass: caF (CaF) 2 65％～80％、Al 2 O 3 15％～30％、NaCl5％～10％。
5. The method for improving the electroslag remelting production capacity of claim 2, wherein the heating power of the induction heating coil is adjusted to be 10-300 kW; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 100mm, the heating frequency of the induction heating coil is 800-1000 Hz; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 360mm and is less than 100mm, the heating frequency of the induction heating coil is 200-800 Hz; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is more than 360mm, the induction heating frequency is 50-200 Hz.
6. A method for improving the electroslag remelting production capacity as claimed in claim 2, wherein the gap distance from the inner wall of the induction heating coil to the electrode surface is 10 to 50mm.
7. An apparatus for improving the productivity of electroslag remelting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the apparatus comprises a crystallizer, an induction heating coil, and a bottom water tank, wherein the crystallizer is placed above the bottom water tank, the induction heating coil is above the crystallizer and is on the same axis as the center of the crystallizer, and the electrodes penetrate into the crystallizer from the upper part of the induction heating coil during the production operation.
8. The apparatus for improving electroslag remelting production of claim 7 wherein the induction heating coil is of a single turn solenoid construction, and is generally circular or square.
9. The apparatus for improving electroslag remelting production capacity as claimed in claim 8, wherein the cross section of the induction heating coil is rectangular, the value range of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.05-0.1, h is the height of the induction heating coil, and D is the diameter of the induction heating coil.
10. The apparatus for improving the productivity of electroslag remelting according to claim 9, wherein the range of values of the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode and the ratio h/D of the height to diameter of the induction heating coil is designed as follows: when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 100mm, the value of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.09-0.1; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is less than or equal to 360mm and is less than 100mm, the value of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.07-0.09; when the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the electrode is more than 360mm, the value of the height-diameter ratio h/D is 0.05-0.07.
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