CN116810760A - Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J7/00—Micromanipulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/007—Means or methods for designing or fabricating manipulators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and a preparation method thereof; the micro-nano robot includes: the magnetic nanoparticle core and the hemispherical BiOI nanoparticle shell are distributed on one side, and the magnetic nanoparticle is used as a core, and the light response material and the magnetic material are compounded gradually through surface modification and hydrothermal cladding, so that the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is obtained, the size of the robot is uniform, the three-dimensional structure and the porous nano sheet structure are realized, the magnetic response capacity and the loading capacity of the micro-nano motor are enhanced, and the target position can be accurately reached under the external magnetic field and illumination; the bacterial biofilm is efficiently removed by mechanical stirring force generated by movement and oxidative active species generated by photocatalysis; the magnetic drive and the optical drive are combined, so that the operability of the micro-nano robot is greatly improved; the preparation method has low cost, easily obtained materials, large-scale preparation and contribution to the mass production of Janus micro-nano robots.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, and relates to the field of micro-nano robots, in particular to a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As a new type of micro-nano scale device, a micro-nano motor (also called micro-nano robot) often converts external energy (light, electricity, magnetism, heat, chemical energy, etc.) into its own driving force to realize autonomous continuous motion in a three-dimensional space, so as to perform a customized task in a micro-space or a narrow channel which is difficult to reach by a conventional device. Due to the unique asymmetric structural advantage, the Janus-structured micro-nano robot can generate spontaneous directional motion in light, electricity and magnetic fields. The Janus micro-nano robot based on the photocatalyst can produce electric field gradient and concentration gradient under illumination, so that the Janus micro-nano robot can spontaneously move, and meanwhile, the produced free radical active species can be used for resisting bacteria and degrading organic pollutants, and the Janus micro-nano robot has high specific surface area and has good application prospect in aspects of biological medicine carrying and environmental water treatment.
According to the current clinical research, 8 people in 100 people in China are found to have chronic nasosinusitis which has the characteristic of repeated occurrence, and the chronic nasosinusitis is caused by repeated attack because the acute nasosinusitis caused by bacteria and viruses cannot be thoroughly cured, so that bilateral or multi-sinus morbidity is more common. The nasal sinuses are positioned in the cavity of the skull, the inlet is narrow and certain air pressure exists, when the nasal sinuses form bacterial films, the general method can not completely remove the bacterial films, and the repeated attack of the inflammation is caused. And research of the micro-nano robot provides a new scheme for treating diseases of organs which are narrow in space and difficult to enter, and the micro-nano robot is increasingly reported for removing the biological film. Therefore, development of a novel high-load micro-nano robot is imperative, and the Janus structure micro-nano robot has clear advantages due to various control modes, and research shows that the preparation technology becomes one of great challenges for developing a new generation of multifunctional, autonomous and controllable Janus micro-nano robots.
The existing reported preparation photocatalysis Janus micro-nano robots mostly deposit a layer of noble metal or other substances on the surface of the prepared substrate material by a sputtering deposition and vacuum coating method, thereby enhancing or inhibiting the reaction rate at one side and realizing the movement of the micro-nano robots. These methods often require expensive instrumentation to perform the experiment, are costly, and limit large-scale material preparation; more importantly, the deposition of a large number of particles on the substrate of the raw material affects its specific surface area, affects the number of active sites, and affects the catalytic activity. Therefore, developing a low-cost method for preparing the Janus structure micro-nano robot with large specific surface area and high catalytic activity has become a research hot spot.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and a preparation method thereof; the micro-nano robot includes: the magnetic nanoparticle core and the hemispherical BiOI nanoparticle shell are distributed on one side, and the magnetic nanoparticle is used as a core, and the light response material and the magnetic material are compounded gradually through surface modification and hydrothermal cladding, so that the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is obtained, the size of the robot is uniform, the three-dimensional structure and the porous nano sheet structure are realized, the magnetic response capacity and the loading capacity of the micro-nano motor are enhanced, and the target position can be accurately reached under the external magnetic field and illumination; the bacterial biofilm is efficiently removed by mechanical stirring force generated by movement and oxidative active species generated by photocatalysis; the magnetic drive and the optical drive are combined, so that the operability of the micro-nano robot is greatly improved; the preparation method has low cost, easily obtained materials, large-scale preparation and contribution to the mass production of Janus micro-nano robots.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot comprises a single-side distributed magnetic nanoparticle core and a hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell, wherein the magnetic nanoparticle mainly controls the motion of the micro-nano robot, and the hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell mainly provides the functions of driving and generating free radical active oxide species.
Further, the magnetic nano particles are Fe with the diameter of 360-400nm 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Nanoparticles of Fe 3 O 4 Coating a layer of SiO on the surface 2 Thickness of 5-20nmThe magnetic nanoparticles will provide a magnetic response to the Janus structure in an applied magnetic field; the hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell is of a nano-sheet cluster structure, the particle size is 3-4 mu m, and the visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell can provide the capability of generating free radicals through photocatalysis under the irradiation of visible light.
Further, the hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell comprises BiOI and BiVO 4 、WO 3 CdS visible light catalyst.
A preparation method of a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot comprises the following steps:
step S1: magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Is prepared from
Fe is prepared by adopting a traditional solvothermal method 3 O 4 Nanoparticles:
firstly, 2.87g of sodium acetate is weighed and dissolved in 20mL of ethylene glycol, and the solution is placed in a water bath at 40 ℃ for preservation; dissolving 2.70g of ferric trichloride hexahydrate in 10mL of ethylene glycol, adding 0.75g of polyethylene glycol with average relative molecular weight of 2000, stirring vigorously at 40 ℃ after the dissolution is completed, and slowly pouring into the prepared NaAc solution; after 30min, transfer to a 40ml polytetrafluoroethylene liner; reacting for 10 hours at 200 ℃ in an oven; cooling to room temperature, collecting dark product with magnet, washing with ethanol and water for several times, vacuum drying at 60deg.C to obtain Fe 3 O 4 The particle size of the nano particles is 360-400nm;
Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle functionalization:
then, fe is weighed 3 O 4 Dispersing nano particles in deionized water, adding absolute ethyl alcohol and ammonia water, rapidly adding ethyl tetrasilicate after ultrasonic stirring, performing ultrasonic reaction, adding aminopropyl triethoxysilane for performing amine functionalization after ultrasonic reaction, and vibrating overnight after ultrasonic treatment; centrifuging, collecting precipitate, cleaning for multiple times, and drying to obtain magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 。
Step S2: preparation of Janus double-drive micro-nano robot
Weighing stepMagnetic nanoparticle Fe prepared in step S1 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Dispersing into absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for later use;
cleaning smooth glass sheet in piranha solution, washing with deionized water to neutrality, dispersing magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Spraying the magnetic nanometer particles on a glass sheet uniformly, naturally air-drying, putting the glass sheet into a drying oven for drying, and carrying out Fe on the magnetic nanometer particles 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Fixing particles;
weighing bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, dissolving in a mixed solution of methanol and ethylene glycol, stirring, adding potassium iodide, and ultrasonically stirring to obtain a reaction solution;
obliquely inserting the glass sheet into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, pouring a reaction solution into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and immersing the glass sheet for reaction; and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the glass sheet, removing particles on the glass sheet by ultrasonic, separating and collecting products by using a magnet, cleaning, and freeze-drying and preserving to obtain the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot.
Further, the magnetic nanoparticles Fe in the step S1 3 O 4 The mass ratio of the nano particles to the ammonia water to the tetraethoxysilane to the aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 0.1-0.4:1.0-2.25:0.1-0.23:0.5-1.9.
Further, the mass concentration of the ammonia water in the step S1 is 28%; in the step S1, absolute ethyl alcohol and ammonia water are added, and then ultrasonic stirring is carried out for 15min; in the step S1, ethyl tetrasilicate is added and then ultrasonic reaction is carried out for 4 hours; adding aminopropyl triethoxysilane for ultrasonic reaction for 4 hours; the step S1 is carried out for a plurality of times by washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and vacuum drying is carried out at 60 ℃.
Further, the magnetic nanoparticles Fe in the step S2 3 O 4 @SiO 2 The mass ratio of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to potassium iodide is as follows: 0.1-0.2:2.04-12.5:12-36.
Further, the magnetic nanoparticles Fe in the step S2 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Dispersing into absolute ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min for later use; the glass sheet is a glass slide; the smooth glass sheet is arranged onThe cleaning treatment time in the piranha solution is 30min; the glass sheet in the step S2 is placed into an oven to be dried at 60 ℃; in the mixed solution of methanol and glycol, the volume ratio of the methanol to the glycol is 1:1, a step of; the stirring time before adding potassium iodide is 30min, and the stirring time after adding potassium iodide is 30min.
Further, in the step S2, the temperature of immersing the glass sheet into the reaction solution for reaction is 160 ℃; the reaction time is 12h; the specific method for falling off the particles on the glass sheet comprises the following steps: ultrasound in absolute ethanol caused particles on the slide to fall off.
The Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is applied to efficiently removing bacterial biofilms.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The Janus micro-nano robot is used as a core, the preparation method is low in cost, the materials are easy to obtain, and the Janus micro-nano robot can be prepared in a large scale, so that the large-scale production of the Janus micro-nano robot is facilitated; the size is uniform, the three-dimensional structure and the porous nano sheet structure are provided, the magnetic response capacity and the load capacity of the micro-nano motor are enhanced, and the target position can be accurately reached under the external magnetic field and illumination; the bacterial biofilm is efficiently removed by mechanical stirring force generated by movement and oxidative active species generated by photocatalysis;
2) The micro-nano robot has two driving modes of magnetic driving and optical driving, and compared with a single driving mode, the controllability of the micro-nano robot is greatly improved by combining the two driving modes;
3) The micro-nano robot realizes the shape control of the Janus structure micro-nano robot through simple in-situ growth in the preparation process, and compared with a micro-nano structure obtained by sputtering deposition and vacuum coating, the preparation method has low equipment requirement, time saving and lower cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a preparation of a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of a Janus dual-drive micro-nano robot according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a motion trajectory diagram of a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot for inactivating escherichia coli under visible light according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms also are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or combinations thereof.
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and a preparation method thereof.
The Janus double-drive micro-nano robot comprises: a unilaterally distributed magnetic nanoparticle core and a hemispherical BiOI nanoparticle shell, wherein the magnetic nanoparticle mainly controls the motion of the micro-nano robot, and the hemispherical BiOI nanoparticle shell mainly provides the functions of driving and generating free radical active oxidation species, and the diameter of the hemispherical BiOI nanoparticle shell is 3-4 mu m.
The magnetic nanometer particle core with single side distribution is prepared by solvothermal method, the particle diameter is 360-400nm, and a layer of SiO is coated on the surface 2 The optimum thickness is about 10nmFunctionalization of the amino group. The glass sheet is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the glass sheet by using a spraying method.
The hemispherical BiOI nanoparticle shell is prepared by growing on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticle by a solvothermal method, the morphology of the BiOI is controlled by the growth of the glass surface, and the Janus wiener robot with high specific surface area is obtained.
The Janus structure micro-nano robot with uniform large-scale production particle size is formed by in-situ growth of BiOI on the surface of glass. Specifically, the Janus structure micro-nano robot can be prepared by the following method: first, siO is coated by magnetic nano particles 2 And the dispersibility is improved, the magnetic nano particles are sprayed on the surface of the glass, and finally the Janus structure micro-nano robot is formed on the surface of the glass through in-situ growth of solvothermal reaction. The magnetic core can enable the Janus micro-nano robot to operate and control movement under a magnetic field. The spraying mode is favorable for the uniform dispersion of the magnetic nano particles on the surface of the glass. As shown in fig. 1, an exemplary manufacturing schematic of a Janus structured micro-nano robot of the disclosed technology is given.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1:
taking magnetic nano particles and photoresponsive BiOI composite as an example, the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and the preparation method thereof are specifically described.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
magnetic nanoparticle preparation:
(1) Treatment of the glass substrate: cutting glass sheet into 2.5X6 cm, soaking in piranha solution (concentrated sulfuric acid: hydrogen peroxide=3:1) for 60min, washing with deionized water to neutrality, and soaking in deionized water;
(2) Preparation of Fe 3 O 4 Magnetic nanoparticles: 2.87g of sodium acetate was weighed and dissolved in 20mL of ethylene glycol, and the solution was placed in a 40℃water bath for storage. 2.70g of ferric trichloride hexahydrate was dissolved in 10mL of ethylene glycol, followed by 0.75g of polyethylene glycol (average relativeMolecular mass: 2000 After complete dissolution, vigorously stirred at 40 ℃ and slowly poured into the prepared NaAc solution. After 30min, and transferred to a 40ml polytetrafluoroethylene liner. The reaction was carried out in an oven at 200℃for 10h. Cooling to room temperature, collecting dark product with magnet, washing with ethanol and water for several times, vacuum drying at 60deg.C to obtain Fe 3 O 4 The grain size is 360-400nm;
(3)Fe 3 O 4 functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles: dispersing 40mg of ferroferric oxide nano particles in 1mL of absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, adding 250 mu L of ammonia water (28%) and 25 mu L of ethyl tetrasilicate, performing ultrasonic reaction for 4 hours in ice bath, and coating SiO 2 Adding 200 mu L of aminopropyl triethoxysilane to continue ultrasonic reaction for 4 hours, carrying out amination, oscillating overnight after the reaction is finished, washing for multiple times by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying at 60 ℃ for later use;
preparing a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot by compositing magnetic nano particles and light response BiOI:
(4) Weighing 10mg of ferroferric oxide nano particles obtained in the step (3), dispersing in 20mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and then filling into an atomization spray can; taking out the glass sheet treated in the step (1), uniformly spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the glass sheet in a wet state of the glass, drying at room temperature, and spraying 10mL of dispersion solution for 6 glass sheets to obtain the optimal load; after complete drying, the glass sheet is put into an oven to be dried for 30min at 60 ℃, the spraying surface is downward, and 50mL of polytetrafluoroethylene lining is obliquely inserted;
(5) 1.8g of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate is weighed and dissolved in 180mL of mixed solution (1:1) of methanol and ethylene glycol, after stirring for 30min, potassium iodide (0.6162 g) with equal molar weight is added, after stirring and dissolving, ultrasonic stirring is carried out for 30min to make the solution uniform, the precursor after reaction is poured into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining filled with glass sheets, the glass sheets are immersed in the liquid surface, and the sealing reaction is carried out for 12h at 160 ℃;
(6) Cooling to room temperature, taking out the glass sheet, growing a layer of film downwards, flushing the glass sheet, putting the glass sheet into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic treatment to separate the film cleanly, collecting a product by using a magnet, washing the product by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water for multiple times, and freeze-drying to collect a sample.
As shown in FIG. 2, the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot electron microscope image based on the BiOI is shown in the FIG. 2, and the BiOI micro-nano robot with the Janus structure prepared by the invention has the size of about 3 mu m, is a hemispherical asymmetric structure formed by nano-sheet clusters, has a large number of porous structures, has a larger specific surface area compared with a plane side, and has the specific surface area reaching 40m 2 Above/g, a large number of active sites can be provided for the catalytic reaction. The ferroferric oxide nano-particles are mainly concentrated on the plane side and are wrapped by BiOI, and the particle diameter is 360-400nm.
From the above results, successful synthesis of a binos-based Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is demonstrated, and as shown in fig. 3, the micro-nano robot has controllable active motion capability and high specific surface area load.
The result of inactivating escherichia coli under visible light of the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot based on BiOI is shown in fig. 4, and the robot shows good antibacterial effect under the drive of an externally applied rotating magnetic field within 30min, because more free radicals are generated due to the movement of particles. The exemplary detailed fabrication process described herein can also be extended to and applied to the fabrication of other Janus micro-nano robots for visible light catalysts.
In summary, the invention discloses a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot and a preparation method thereof; the micro-nano robot includes: the magnetic nanoparticle core and the hemispherical BiOI nanoparticle shell are distributed on one side, and the magnetic nanoparticle is used as a core, and the light response material and the magnetic material are compounded gradually through surface modification and hydrothermal cladding, so that the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is obtained, the size of the robot is uniform, the three-dimensional structure and the porous nano sheet structure are realized, the magnetic response capacity and the loading capacity of the micro-nano motor are enhanced, and the target position can be accurately reached under the external magnetic field and illumination; the bacterial biofilm is efficiently removed by mechanical stirring force generated by movement and oxidative active species generated by photocatalysis; the magnetic drive and the optical drive are combined, so that the operability of the micro-nano robot is greatly improved; the preparation method has low cost, easily obtained materials, large-scale preparation and contribution to the mass production of Janus micro-nano robots.
So far, those skilled in the art will recognize that while embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications that are in accordance with the principles of the present invention may be directly ascertained or inferred from the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. The Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is characterized by comprising a single-side distributed magnetic nanoparticle core and a hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell, wherein the magnetic nanoparticle mainly controls the movement of the micro-nano robot, and the hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell mainly provides the functions of driving and generating free radical active oxide species.
2. The Janus double-drive micro-nano robot according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic nano particles are Fe with a diameter of 360-400nm 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Nanoparticles of Fe 3 O 4 Coating a layer of SiO on the surface 2 The magnetic nanoparticles have a thickness of 5-20nm and will provide a magnetic response to Janus structures in an applied magnetic field; the hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell is of a nano-sheet cluster structure, the particle size is 3-4 mu m, and the visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell can provide the capability of generating free radicals through photocatalysis under the irradiation of visible light.
3. The Janus dual-drive micro-nano robot of claim 1, wherein the hemispherical visible light catalyst nanoparticle shell comprises bisi, biso 4 、WO 3 CdS visible light catalyst.
4. The preparation method of the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Is prepared from
Fe is prepared by adopting a traditional solvothermal method 3 O 4 Nanoparticles:
firstly, 2.87g of sodium acetate is weighed and dissolved in 20mL of ethylene glycol, and the solution is placed in a water bath at 40 ℃ for preservation; dissolving 2.70g of ferric trichloride hexahydrate in 10mL of ethylene glycol, adding 0.75g of polyethylene glycol with average relative molecular weight of 2000, stirring vigorously at 40 ℃ after the dissolution is completed, and slowly pouring into the prepared NaAc solution; after 30min, transfer to a 40ml polytetrafluoroethylene liner; reacting for 10 hours at 200 ℃ in an oven; cooling to room temperature, collecting dark product with magnet, washing with ethanol and water for several times, vacuum drying at 60deg.C to obtain Fe 3 O 4 The particle size of the nano particles is 360-400nm;
Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle functionalization:
then, fe is weighed 3 O 4 Dispersing nano particles in deionized water, adding absolute ethyl alcohol and ammonia water, rapidly adding ethyl tetrasilicate after ultrasonic stirring, performing ultrasonic reaction, adding aminopropyl triethoxysilane for performing amine functionalization after ultrasonic reaction, and vibrating overnight after ultrasonic treatment; centrifuging, collecting precipitate, cleaning for multiple times, and drying to obtain magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 。
Step S2: preparation of Janus double-drive micro-nano robot
Weighing the magnetic nano particles Fe prepared in the step S1 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Dispersing into absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for later use;
cleaning smooth glass sheet in piranha solution, washing with deionized water to neutrality, dispersing magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Spraying the magnetic nanometer particles on a glass sheet uniformly, naturally air-drying, putting the glass sheet into a drying oven for drying, and carrying out Fe on the magnetic nanometer particles 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Fixing particles;
weighing bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, dissolving in a mixed solution of methanol and ethylene glycol, stirring, adding potassium iodide, and ultrasonically stirring to obtain a reaction solution;
obliquely inserting the glass sheet into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, pouring a reaction solution into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and immersing the glass sheet for reaction; and cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the glass sheet, removing particles on the glass sheet by ultrasonic, separating and collecting products by using a magnet, cleaning, and freeze-drying and preserving to obtain the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot.
5. The method for preparing a Janus dual-drive micro-nano robot according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic nanoparticles Fe in the step S1 are as follows 3 O 4 The mass ratio of the nano particles to the ammonia water to the tetraethoxysilane to the aminopropyl triethoxysilane is as follows: 0.1-0.4:1.0-2.25:0.1-0.23:0.5-1.9.
6. The method for preparing the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot according to claim 4, wherein the mass concentration of ammonia water in the step S1 is 28%; in the step S1, absolute ethyl alcohol and ammonia water are added, and then ultrasonic stirring is carried out for 15min; in the step S1, ethyl tetrasilicate is added and then ultrasonic reaction is carried out for 4 hours; adding aminopropyl triethoxysilane for ultrasonic reaction for 4 hours; the step S1 is carried out for a plurality of times by washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and vacuum drying is carried out at 60 ℃.
7. The method for preparing a Janus dual-drive micro-nano robot according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic nanoparticles Fe in the step S2 are as follows 3 O 4 @SiO 2 The mass ratio of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate to potassium iodide is as follows: 0.1-0.2:2.04-12.5:12-36.
8. The method for preparing a Janus dual-drive micro-nano robot according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic nanoparticles Fe in the step S2 are as follows 3 O 4 @SiO 2 Dispersing into absolute ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min for later use; the glass sheet is a glass slide; the smooth glass sheet is cleaned in the piranha solution for 30min; described in step S2Placing the glass sheet into an oven, and drying at 60 ℃; in the mixed solution of methanol and glycol, the volume ratio of the methanol to the glycol is 1:1, a step of; the stirring time before adding potassium iodide is 30min, and the stirring time after adding potassium iodide is 30min.
9. The method for preparing a Janus double-drive micro-nano robot according to claim 4, wherein the temperature for pouring the reaction solution to immerse the glass sheet for reaction in the step S2 is 160 ℃; the reaction time is 12h; the specific method for falling off the particles on the glass sheet comprises the following steps: ultrasound in absolute ethanol caused particles on the slide to fall off.
10. The micro-nano robot prepared by the preparation method of the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot according to any one of claims 4-9, wherein the Janus double-drive micro-nano robot is applied to efficiently removing bacterial biofilms.
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