CN116807694B

CN116807694B - Femoral head prosthetic prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN116807694B
Application number: CN202311083079.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张先龙; 王�琦; 陈云苏; 王俏杰; 吕光远; 孟德松; 路明尧
Original assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd; Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd; Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2023-08-25
Filing date: 2023-08-25
Publication date: 2023-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-25
Also published as: CN116807694A

Abstract

The invention provides a femoral head prosthetic prosthesis, comprising: the cover body part is covered and arranged on the femur head and is provided with an inner cavity; the chute structure is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity; the sliding block is slidably arranged in the chute structure; the patch structure is connected with the sliding block and is adjustably arranged in the inner cavity under the driving of the sliding block; the sliding block moves in the sliding groove structure to drive the patch structure to move. The technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem that the femoral head surface prosthesis is easy to shift because the femoral head surface prosthesis cannot completely cover the partial necrosis position of the femoral head in the related technology.

Description

Femoral head prosthetic prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of femoral head repair, in particular to a femoral head repair prosthesis.

Background

In recent years, cases of ischemic necrosis of femoral head have been on the rise, and patients have been on the trend of younger, with the peak of onset age ranging from 30 to 50 years, mainly men with labor. In the stage I and II of ischemic necrosis of femoral head, the treatment method of medullary decompression or free fibular bone transplanting is generally adopted, the effect is obvious in a short period, the effect is not ideal in a long period, and the possibility of further necrosis collapse of femoral head also occurs. The artificial total joint replacement is suitable for patients with advanced femoral head necrosis, the operation effect is ideal, but the service life of the prosthesis is generally about 15-20 years, so that the early treatment of young patients by adopting the total joint replacement is required to be subjected to repair when the old people need to use the total joint replacement, and the femoral head surface prosthesis can only replace part of the femoral head surface.

In the related art, most femoral head surface prostheses are designed in a spherical shape, so that the femoral head surface prostheses can cover the femoral head, but cannot cover the local necrosis position on the femoral head completely, and the femoral head surface prostheses have poor repairing effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a femoral head prosthetic prosthesis to solve the problem that the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis in the related art cannot completely cover the partial necrosis position of the femoral head, so that the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis is easy to shift.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a femoral head prosthetic prosthesis comprising: the cover body part is covered and arranged on the femur head and is provided with an inner cavity; the chute structure is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity; the sliding block is slidably arranged in the chute structure; the patch structure is connected with the sliding block and is adjustably arranged in the inner cavity under the driving of the sliding block; the sliding block moves in the sliding groove structure to drive the patch structure to move.

Further, the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis comprises a plurality of limiting parts, the limiting parts are arranged in the chute structure, and the sliding block is alternatively limited at one of the limiting parts.

Further, the chute structure comprises a plurality of first chute bodies, each first chute body extends along the direction from the opening of the cover body to the top of the cover body, the first chute bodies are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cover body, and a plurality of limiting parts are arranged in each first chute body.

Further, the chute structure further comprises a plurality of second chute bodies, each second chute body extends along the circumferential direction of the cover body, the plurality of second chute bodies are arranged at intervals along the direction from the opening of the cover body to the top of the cover body, the first chute bodies and the second chute bodies are arranged in a crossing manner, and a plurality of limiting parts are arranged in the second chute bodies.

Further, the chute structure comprises a chute main body and a baffle plate arranged at the notch of the chute main body, a communicating groove communicated with the chute main body is formed in the baffle plate, the sliding block comprises a main body part and a connecting part, the cross section area of the main body part is larger than that of the connecting part, the main body part is positioned in the chute main body, and the connecting part is positioned in the communicating groove.

Further, the limiting part is a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is arranged on the surface of the baffle facing the groove main body.

Further, each of the first groove bodies has a port portion provided on an end face of the cover body portion, and the slider is inserted into the first groove body through the port portion.

Further, the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis further comprises a fixing nail, the sliding block is provided with a connecting hole, and the fixing nail penetrates through the patch structure and is inserted into the connecting hole to be connected with the sliding block.

Further, the patch structure includes a first block and a second block rotatably connected to change a shape of the patch structure, the first block and the second block being connected to the slider by a fixing pin.

Further, a first rotation stopping structure is arranged on one side, facing the second block, of the first block, a second rotation stopping structure is arranged on one side, facing the first block, of the second block, and the first rotation stopping structure and the second rotation stopping structure are in rotation stopping fit.

Further, the first rotation stopping structure comprises a plurality of first strip-shaped protrusions, the central lines of the first strip-shaped protrusions intersect at the same point, a first strip-shaped groove is formed between any two adjacent first strip-shaped protrusions, the second rotation stopping structure comprises a plurality of second strip-shaped protrusions, the central lines of the second strip-shaped protrusions intersect at the same point, a second strip-shaped groove is formed between any two adjacent second strip-shaped protrusions, the first strip-shaped protrusions are inserted into the second strip-shaped grooves, and the second strip-shaped protrusions are inserted into the first strip-shaped grooves.

Further, the first block comprises a column part, an arc surface part connected to the end part of the column part and a notch part arranged on the side wall of the column part, and the first rotation stopping structure is arranged at the bottom of the notch part.

Further, the second block is of an arc surface structure or a strip structure.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the cover body part is covered and arranged on the femur head, and the cover body part is provided with an inner cavity. A chute structure is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity. A sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove structure in a sliding way. The patch structure is connected with the sliding block, and the sliding block moves in the sliding groove structure to drive the patch structure to move in the inner cavity. Through the arrangement, the cover body part can play a role in covering the femoral head, so that the femoral head prosthetic appliance can repair the femoral head. The inner cavity on the cover body can enable the femoral head to be inserted into the inner cavity and provide a containing space for the patch structure, the relative position of the sliding block sliding in the sliding groove structure and the cover body can be changed, the patch structure connected with the sliding block can be changed under the driving of the sliding block, namely, the relative position of the patch structure and the cover body can be changed, so that the patch structure can repair the position of local necrosis of the surface of the femoral head, the replacement of the whole joint of a patient is avoided, the risk of prosthetic repair after replacement is reduced, and the treatment effect of early femoral head necrosis is improved. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem that the femoral head surface prosthesis is easy to shift because the femoral head surface prosthesis cannot completely cover the partial necrosis position of the femoral head in the related technology.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of a femoral head prosthesis according to the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic front view of the femoral head prosthesis of fig. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the femoral head prosthesis of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial schematic view of the femoral head prosthesis of FIG. 3 at A;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of a staple of the femoral head prosthesis of FIG. 1 connecting a patch structure and a slider;

fig. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of a first block of the femoral head prosthesis of fig. 5;

fig. 7 shows a schematic perspective view of a second block of the femoral head prosthesis of fig. 5;

fig. 8 shows a schematic perspective view of a femoral head prosthesis according to the present invention when the second block is in a strip-like configuration;

fig. 9 shows a schematic perspective view of the fixation pin of the femoral head prosthesis of fig. 8 connecting the patch structure and the slider.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a cover body part; 11. an inner cavity; 20. a chute structure; 21. a first tank body; 211. an end opening part; 22. a second tank body; 23. a tank main body; 24. a baffle; 241. a communication groove; 30. a slide block; 31. a main body portion; 32. a connection part; 33. a connection hole; 40. a patch structure; 41. a first block; 411. a first rotation stopping structure; 4111. a first bar-shaped protrusion; 4112. a first bar-shaped groove; 412. a column portion; 413. an arc surface portion; 414. a notch portion; 42. a second block; 421. a second rotation stopping structure; 4211. a second bar-shaped protrusion; 4212. a second bar-shaped groove; 50. a limit part; 51. a limit groove; 60. And (5) fixing nails.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the femoral head prosthesis includes: the cover body 10, the chute structure 20, the slide block 30 and the patch structure 40. The cover body 10 is covered and mounted on the femur head, and the cover body 10 is provided with an inner cavity 11. The chute structure 20 is disposed on the inner wall of the interior chamber 11. The slider 30 is slidably disposed within the chute structure 20. The patch structure 40 is connected with the slider 30 and is position-adjustably disposed in the cavity 11 under the drive of the slider 30. Wherein the slider 30 moves within the chute structure 20 to move the patch structure 40.

By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the cover body part 10 is covered and arranged on the femur head, and the inner cavity 11 is arranged on the cover body part 10. A chute structure 20 is provided on the inner wall of the inner chamber 11. A slider 30 is slidably disposed within the chute structure 20. The patch structure 40 is connected with the slider 30, and the slider 30 moves in the chute structure 20 to drive the patch structure 40 to move in the inner cavity 11. With the above arrangement, the cover body 10 can cover the femoral head, so that the femoral head prosthetic device can repair the femoral head. The inner cavity 11 on the cover body 10 can enable the femoral head to be inserted into the inner cavity and provide a containing space for the patch structure 40, the relative position of the sliding block 30 sliding in the sliding groove structure 20 and the cover body 10 can be changed, the patch structure 40 connected with the sliding block 30 can be changed under the driving of the sliding block, namely, the relative position of the patch structure 40 and the cover body 10 can be changed, so that the patch structure 40 can repair the local necrosis position of the femoral head surface, the total joint replacement of a patient is avoided, the risk of prosthetic repair after replacement is reduced, and the treatment effect of early femoral head necrosis is improved. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment effectively solves the problem that the femoral head surface prosthesis is easy to shift because the femoral head surface prosthesis cannot completely cover the partial necrosis position of the femoral head in the related technology.

Preferably, the shell 10 is of approximately spherical design, which allows for a better fit with the femoral head. The surfaces of the cover body 10 and the patch structure 40 are bone trabecular porous structures, and the thickness interval is 0.5mm to 3mm. Thus facilitating the bone in-growth of the human body and leading the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis to be better attached to the bone in the human body. The patch structure 40 may be provided in a plurality so that the femoral head prosthesis is capable of repairing more bone surface necrotic areas simultaneously.

In particular, the cavity 11 can be attached to the femoral head, so that the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis is more in line with the physiological structure of the human body. Bone cement can be coated in the inner cavity 11, so that the fixing effect of the femoral head prosthetic is better. The outer surface of the cover body 10 is approximately spherical and is consistent with the contour of the femoral head with a primary physiological structure, so that the soft bone layer is replaced, the surface is subjected to high polishing treatment, the friction with the physiological acetabulum is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The patch structure 40 can be pre-designed in advance according to the defect condition observed by CT data of a patient, so that the shape of the collapse of the femoral head necrosis and the bone defect can be effectively matched, the femoral head necrosis part of the patient is filled, the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis is fully contacted with the femoral head, the femoral stability is improved, and the rotation center of the femoral head is rebuilt.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the femoral head prosthesis includes a plurality of limiting portions 50, the plurality of limiting portions 50 are disposed in the chute structure 20, and the slider 30 is alternatively limited at one of the plurality of limiting portions 50. The limiting part 50 enables the sliding block 30 to be fixed in the sliding groove structure 20, so that the sliding block 30 can be fixed in the relative position with the cover body 10, namely, the patch structure 40 connected with the sliding block 30 can be fixed in the relative position with the cover body 10, so that after the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis is mounted on the femoral head, the patch structure 40 can fill the necrosis position of the surface of the femoral head, and the treatment effect of the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis is improved.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the chute structure 20 includes a plurality of first chute bodies 21, each first chute body 21 extends in a direction from the opening of the cover body 10 to the top of the cover body 10, the plurality of first chute bodies 21 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cover body 10, and a plurality of limiting portions 50 are disposed in each first chute body 21. The above arrangement enables the slider 30 to slide from the opening of the cover 10 to the top of the cover 10 when sliding along the first slot 21 in the cover 10, and further enables the patch structure 40 connected with the slider 30 to slide from the opening of the cover 10 to the top of the cover 10, i.e. the patch structure 40 can slide to more positions corresponding to the partial necrosis of the femoral head, so that the femoral head repair prosthesis can repair the partial necrosis of more regions. The plurality of first groove bodies 21 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cover body 10, so that the sliding block 30 can be selectively placed in one of the first groove bodies 21 according to the partial necrosis area of the femoral head, further the patch structure 40 can be moved to more partial necrosis areas of bones to repair the femoral head, and the using effect of the femoral head repair prosthesis is improved. A plurality of limiting parts 50 are arranged in each first groove body 21, so that after the patch structure 40 slides to the corresponding position of the femoral head necrosis area, the limiting parts 50 can limit the sliding block 30, the sliding block 30 is prevented from sliding again, and further the patch structure 40 is prevented from moving again.

Specifically, the plurality of first grooves 21 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cover body 10, which means that the plurality of first grooves 21 are disposed on the cover body 10 in a scattering shape, that is, an included angle is formed between the centerlines of the plurality of first grooves 21. Preferably, a plurality of first grooves 21 are uniformly distributed on the cover 10.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the chute structure 20 further includes a plurality of second chute bodies 22, each second chute body 22 extends along the circumferential direction of the cover body 10, the plurality of second chute bodies 22 are disposed at intervals along the direction from the opening of the cover body 10 to the top of the cover body 10, the first chute bodies 21 and the second chute bodies 22 are disposed in a crossing manner, and a plurality of limiting portions 50 are disposed in the second chute bodies 22. The above arrangement enables the slider 30 to be located at any position in the axial direction of the cover body 10 when sliding in the second groove body 22, so that the patch structure 40 can be moved to more bone surface necrosis areas, and the repair effect of the femoral head repair prosthesis is improved. The plurality of second groove bodies 22 are arranged at intervals along the direction from the opening of the cover body 10 to the top of the cover body 10, so that the patch structure 40 has more placeable positions in the direction from the opening of the cover body 10 to the top of the cover body 10, and further the patch structure 40 can move to more surface femoral head necrosis areas at different positions, thereby improving the universality of the femoral head repair prosthesis. The first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22 are arranged in a crossing way, so that the sliding block 30 can more conveniently move to the position corresponding to the necrosis area of the femoral head surface on the cover body 10. The second groove body 22 is internally provided with a plurality of limiting parts 50, so that after the patch structure 40 moves to the corresponding position of the femoral head surface necrosis area on the cover body 10, the sliding block 30 can be in limiting fit with the limiting parts 50, and the patch structure 40 can be fixed on the cover body 10 to repair the femoral head surface necrosis area.

Specifically, the limiting portion 50 may be located at the intersection of the first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22. The first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22 enable human bone to grow in, so that the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis and the human bone are combined better, and the position of the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis is stable.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the chute structure 20 includes a chute body 23 and a baffle 24 disposed at a notch of the chute body 23, a communication groove 241 communicating with the chute body 23 is disposed on the baffle 24, the slider 30 includes a main body portion 31 and a connection portion 32, a cross-sectional area of the main body portion 31 is larger than a cross-sectional area of the connection portion 32, the main body portion 31 is disposed in the chute body 23, and the connection portion 32 is disposed in the communication groove 241. The slot body 23 provides a sliding position for the slider 30 such that the slider 30 can slide relative to the housing portion 10. The baffle 24 prevents the sliding block 30 from falling out of the chute structure 20, i.e. the baffle 24 plays a limiting role on the sliding block 30. The arrangement of the communication groove 241 prevents the baffle 24 from blocking the sliding of the sliding block 30, thereby avoiding affecting the implantation of the femoral head prosthetic. The cross-sectional area of the main body 31 is larger than that of the connecting portion 32, so that the baffle 24 can be contacted with the surface of the main body 31 facing the center of the cover body 10, and further the main body 31 is limited, and the main body 31 is prevented from falling off from the groove main body 23. The connection portion 32 is located in the communication groove 241 so that the slider 30 can be connected to the patch structure 40, and thus the patch structure 40 can be moved with the movement of the slider 30.

Specifically, the first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22 are provided with the groove body 23 and the baffle 24, so that the sliding of the sliding block 30 is facilitated, and the sliding block 30 can be prevented from falling off from the first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22. The first and second grooves 21 and 22 are arranged in a similar manner to the warp and weft arrangement of the earth.

Preferably, the main body 31 and the connecting portion 32 are both cylinders, and the main body 31 and the connecting portion 32 are concentrically arranged, so that the sliding of the sliding block 30 in the first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22 is smoother, the position switching process of the sliding block 30 between the first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22 is smoother, and the phenomenon that the sliding block is blocked when moving in the first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22 is avoided. The width of the groove body 23 is slightly larger than the diameter of the body 31, the thickness of the groove body 23 is slightly larger than the thickness of the body 31, and both surfaces of the body 31 in the thickness direction are fitted with the groove body 23, so that the sliding of the body 31 in the groove body 23 is smoother. The width of the communication groove 241 is slightly larger than the diameter of the connection portion 32, so that the connection portion 32 slides more smoothly in the communication groove 241.

Of course, in the embodiment not shown in the drawings, both the main body 31 and the connecting portion 32 may be square, and both surfaces of the main body 31 in the thickness direction are attached to the groove main body 23, so that the slider can be prevented from rotating in the first groove body 21 and the second groove body 22. The body 31 and the connecting portion 32 may be rectangular solids having different widths and lengths, and the width of the body 31 may be slightly smaller than the width of the groove body 23 provided in the first groove body 21, and the length may be slightly smaller than the width of the groove body 23 provided in the second groove body 22.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the stopper 50 is a stopper groove 51, and the stopper groove 51 is provided on the surface of the shutter 24 facing the groove body 23. The limiting groove 51 is formed, so that after the patch structure 40 moves to the femoral head surface necrosis area, the main body part 31 can enter the limiting groove 51, and meanwhile, the patch structure 40 can be inserted into the femoral head surface necrosis area, and repair of the femoral head surface necrosis area is achieved. The stopper groove 51 is provided on the surface of the shutter 24 facing the groove body 23 so that the body 31 does not come off from the inside of the first groove body 21 or the second groove body 22.

Of course, in the embodiment not shown in the drawings, the limiting groove 51 may also be disposed on the surface of the side of the groove main body 23 away from the center of the cover body 10, and only the thickness of the main body 31 needs to be increased, so that the patch structure 40 can still contact with the surface of the femoral head after the femoral head prosthetic is implanted, and thus, the position of the patch structure 40 is prevented from being changed after the femoral head prosthetic is implanted, and the use effect of the femoral head prosthetic is affected.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, each of the first groove bodies 21 has a port portion 211 provided on an end surface of the cover body portion 10, and the slider 30 is inserted into the first groove body 21 through the port portion 211. The port portion 211 enables the slider to be inserted into the first slot 21, i.e. facilitates the assembly of the femoral head prosthetic.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis further includes a fixing pin 60, the slider 30 is provided with a connection hole 33, and the fixing pin 60 is inserted through the patch structure 40 and connected to the slider 30 by being inserted into the connection hole 33. The staples 60 are capable of connecting the patch structure 40 with the slider 30 such that the patch structure 40 can move with the slider 30. The connecting hole 33 enables the fixing nail 60 to be connected with the sliding block 30, and further enables the patch structure 40 sleeved on the outer side of the fixing nail 60 to be connected with the sliding block 30, so that implantation of the femoral head prosthetic is facilitated.

Preferably, the fixing pin 60 and the slider 30 are coupled by screw threads, so that the coupling of the fixing pin 60 and the slider 30 is facilitated.

Of course, in embodiments not shown in the figures, the staple 60 and the slider 30 may also be tapered such that an interference fit is achieved after the slider 30 is mounted to the staple 60.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the patch structure 40 includes a first block 41 and a second block 42, the first block 41 and the second block 42 are rotatably connected to change the shape of the patch structure 40, and the first block 41 and the second block 42 are connected to the slider 30 by a fixing pin 60. The fixing nail 60 enables the first block 41 or the second block 42 to rotate around the fixing nail 60, so that the patch structure 40 can have more shapes, more different femoral head surface necrosis areas can be repaired, and universality of the femoral head repair prosthesis is improved. The fixing nail 60 passes through the first block 41 and the second block 42 to connect the first block 41 and the second block 42 with the slider 30, and the patch structure 40 is connected with the slider 30.

Preferably, the first block 41 and the second block 42 are formed by 3D printing using electron beam molten metal powder.

Specifically, in the embodiment not shown in the drawings, the fixing pin 60 and the first block 41 and the second block 42 may also be engaged by tapered surfaces provided on the fixing pin 60 and tapered holes provided on the first block 41, the second block 42 or both the first block 41 and the second block 42, so that the first block 41 and the second block 42 do not fall off during use.

As shown in fig. 1, 5, 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, a first rotation stopping structure 411 is disposed on a side of the first block 41 facing the second block 42, a second rotation stopping structure 421 is disposed on a side of the second block 42 facing the first block 41, and the first rotation stopping structure 411 and the second rotation stopping structure 421 are in rotation stopping engagement. By the arrangement, after the shape formed by the first block 41 and the second block 42 accords with the shape of the necrosis area of the femoral head surface, the first rotation stopping structure 411 and the second rotation stopping structure 421 are attached, that is, the first block 41 and the second block 42 cannot rotate relatively, the fixing nail 60 moves towards the direction close to the sliding block 30, so that the relative position of the first block 41 and the second block 42 is locked, and further, the femoral head prosthetic prosthesis can be implanted.

Specifically, in the embodiment not shown in the drawings, a tapered column is provided on the side of the first block 41 facing the second block 42, a tapered groove is provided on the side of the second block 42 facing the first block 41, a first rotation stopping structure 411 is provided on the tapered column, and a second rotation stopping structure 421 is provided on the tapered groove. Of course, a tapered post may be provided on the second block 42 and a tapered slot may be provided on the first block 41.

As shown in fig. 1, 5, 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the first rotation stopping structure 411 includes a plurality of first strip-shaped protrusions 4111, the central lines of the plurality of first strip-shaped protrusions 4111 intersect at the same point, a first strip-shaped groove 4112 is formed between any two adjacent first strip-shaped protrusions 4111, the second rotation stopping structure 421 includes a plurality of second strip-shaped protrusions 4211, the central lines of the plurality of second strip-shaped protrusions 4211 intersect at the same point, a second strip-shaped groove 4212 is formed between any two adjacent second strip-shaped protrusions 4211, the first strip-shaped protrusions 4111 are inserted into the second strip-shaped grooves 4212, and the second strip-shaped protrusions 4211 are inserted into the first strip-shaped grooves 4112. The central lines of the plurality of first strip-shaped protrusions 4111 intersect at the same point, that is, each first strip-shaped protrusion 4111 gradually increases in width from the center of the first rotation stopping structure 411 to the direction away from the center of the first rotation stopping structure 411, that is, the first strip-shaped protrusion 4111 has a spike shape. The first strip-shaped groove 4112 enables the second strip-shaped protrusion 4211 to be inserted into the first strip-shaped protrusion, so that the relative positions of the first block 41 and the second block 42 can be fixed, and the situation that the relative positions of the first block 41 and the second block 42 are changed after implantation to influence the use of the femoral head prosthetic is avoided. The center lines of the plurality of second bar-shaped protrusions 4211 intersect at the same point, that is, each second bar-shaped protrusion 4211 gradually increases in width from the center of the second rotation stopping structure 421 to the direction away from the center of the second rotation stopping structure 421, that is, the second bar-shaped protrusion 4211 has a spike shape. The first bar-shaped protrusion 4111 and the second bar-shaped groove 4212 are engaged with each other, and the second bar-shaped protrusion 4211 and the first bar-shaped groove 4112 are engaged with each other, so that relative rotation between the first block 41 and the second block 42 does not occur.

As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the first block 41 includes a column portion 412, a cambered surface portion 413 connected to an end portion of the column portion 412, and a notch portion 414 provided on a side wall of the column portion 412, and the first rotation stopping structure 411 is provided at a bottom of the notch portion 414. The provision of the cylindrical portion 412 makes the swing range of the cambered surface portion 413 larger, and thus makes the patch structure 40 adaptable to more femoral head surface necrosis areas of different shapes. The provision of the arcuate surface 413 provides for softer contact between the patch structure 40 and the femoral head surface, avoiding damage to the femoral head prosthetic during use. The cutout 414 provides a mounting location for the first rotation-stopping structure 411, thereby enabling the second block 42 to be fixed to the first block 41 by the fixing nail 60.

As shown in fig. 7 to 9, in the present embodiment, the second block 42 is of a cambered surface structure or a strip-like structure. The second block 42 is provided with a cambered surface structure, so that the second block 42 does not affect the rotation of the first block 41. When the second block 42 is in a strip structure, after the first block 41 and the second block 42 relatively rotate, more shapes can be formed, and then the patch structure 40 can repair the necrosis areas of the femoral head surface at more different positions, so that the universality of the femoral head repair prosthesis is improved.

Specifically, a lower recess is provided in the second block 42, and the lower recess is provided concentrically with the second rotation stopping structure 421, so that the entire weight of the second block 42 is lighter.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, when the second block 42 is in a strip structure, the second block 42 has the same structure as the first block, so that the first block 41 and the second block 42 can form more shapes after relatively rotating, and the first block 41 and the second block 42 can cover more spaces, that is, the patch structure 40 can repair more femoral head surface necrosis areas with different sizes, thereby improving the universality of femoral head repair prostheses.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A femoral head prosthetic prosthesis comprising:

a cover body part (10) which is covered and arranged on the femur head, wherein the cover body part (10) is provided with an inner cavity (11);

the chute structure (20) is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity (11);

a slider (30) slidably disposed within the chute structure (20);

the patch structure (40) is connected with the sliding block (30) and is adjustably arranged in the inner cavity (11) under the driving of the sliding block (30);

wherein the sliding block (30) moves in the sliding groove structure (20) to drive the patch structure (40) to move;

the femoral head repair prosthesis comprises a plurality of limiting parts (50), wherein the limiting parts (50) are arranged in the chute structure (20), and the sliding block (30) is alternatively limited at one of the limiting parts (50);

the chute structure (20) comprises a plurality of first chute bodies (21), each first chute body (21) extends along the direction from the opening of the cover body (10) to the top of the cover body (10), the first chute bodies (21) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cover body (10), and a plurality of limit parts (50) are arranged in each first chute body (21);

the sliding groove structure (20) further comprises a plurality of second groove bodies (22), each second groove body (22) extends along the circumferential direction of the cover body (10), the second groove bodies (22) are arranged at intervals along the direction from the opening of the cover body (10) to the top of the cover body (10), the first groove bodies (21) and the second groove bodies (22) are arranged in a crossing mode, and a plurality of limiting parts (50) are arranged in the second groove bodies (22);

the femoral head repair prosthesis further comprises a fixing nail (60), wherein a connecting hole (33) is formed in the sliding block (30), and the fixing nail (60) penetrates through the patch structure (40) and is inserted into the connecting hole (33) to be connected with the sliding block (30);

the patch structure (40) comprises a first block (41) and a second block (42), the first block (41) and the second block (42) being rotatably connected to change the shape of the patch structure (40), the first block (41) and the second block (42) being connected to the slider (30) by means of the staples (60).

2. The femoral head prosthetic prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the chute structure (20) comprises a chute body (23) and a baffle (24) arranged at a notch of the chute body (23), a communication groove (241) communicated with the chute body (23) is arranged on the baffle (24), the slider (30) comprises a main body part (31) and a connecting part (32), the cross-sectional area of the main body part (31) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the connecting part (32), the main body part (31) is positioned in the chute body (23), and the connecting part (32) is positioned in the communication groove (241).

3. The femoral head repair prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein the limit portion (50) is a limit groove (51), the limit groove (51) being provided on a surface of the baffle plate (24) facing the groove body (23).

4. The femoral head repair prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein each of the first grooves (21) has a port portion (211) provided on an end face of the cover portion (10), the slider (30) being inserted into the first groove (21) through the port portion (211).

5. The femoral head prosthetic prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein a side of the first block (41) facing the second block (42) is provided with a first rotation stop structure (411), a side of the second block (42) facing the first block (41) is provided with a second rotation stop structure (421), and the first rotation stop structure (411) and the second rotation stop structure (421) are in rotation stop fit.

6. The femoral head prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein the first rotation stopping structure (411) comprises a plurality of first strip-shaped protrusions (4111), wherein the central lines of the plurality of first strip-shaped protrusions (4111) intersect at the same point, a first strip-shaped groove (4112) is formed between any two adjacent first strip-shaped protrusions (4111), the second rotation stopping structure (421) comprises a plurality of second strip-shaped protrusions (4211), the central lines of the plurality of second strip-shaped protrusions (4211) intersect at the same point, a second strip-shaped groove (4212) is formed between any two adjacent second strip-shaped protrusions (4211), the first strip-shaped protrusions (4111) are inserted into the second strip-shaped grooves (4212), and the second strip-shaped protrusions (4211) are inserted into the first strip-shaped grooves (4112).

7. The femoral head repair prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein the first block (41) comprises a cylindrical portion (412), a cambered surface portion (413) connected to an end of the cylindrical portion (412), and a notch portion (414) provided on a side wall of the cylindrical portion (412), the first rotation stopping structure (411) being provided at a bottom of the notch portion (414).

8. The femoral head repair prosthesis according to claim 7, wherein the second block (42) is of arcuate or strip-like configuration.