CN116799857A - PCS frequency modulation control method, device and equipment for energy storage converter and storage medium - Google Patents
PCS frequency modulation control method, device and equipment for energy storage converter and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The application discloses a PCS frequency modulation control method, device and equipment of an energy storage converter and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG; and according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support, or performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support. The decoupling control of the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation of the energy storage converter is realized, the switching process is smooth, and the overshoot of power can be avoided; and secondly, the problem that part of the modules are in overload operation due to overcurrent protection and shutdown under the working conditions that a plurality of converter modules are connected in parallel and no interconnection communication exists can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSGs), in particular to a PCS frequency modulation control method, device and equipment of an energy storage converter and a storage medium.
Background
Along with global resource crisis and environmental deterioration, the development of clean energy source becomes a focus of attention, and distributed power source is a main way to realize clean energy source, so a large amount of sustainable distributed power source photovoltaic and wind power are continuously connected into the power grid. However, wind energy and solar energy are easy to be influenced by external environment, the instability and randomness of the wind energy and the solar energy can continuously influence the micro-grid, so that the grid-connected voltage and the grid-connected frequency of the micro-grid are unstable, and the frequency is an important constraint condition for the grid-connected stable operation of the energy storage unit and the electricity safety of a user. The wide fluctuation of the frequency can cause faults such as grid connection equipment off-grid, so that the micro-grid is more important to the frequency modulation requirement.
The energy storage battery has stable and controllable charging and discharging power, high regulation speed, high precision and long duration, can realize better frequency modulation effect while having low cost, and has remarkable frequency modulation substitution effect on the traditional power supply. The frequency adjustment is embodied as active power supply and demand balance in the micro-grid, namely, the adjustment of the generated power and the load power keep balance, and the main control is divided into primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation; the primary frequency modulation is used as differential control, the system can only be adjusted to another frequency and power balance point, and the secondary frequency modulation can realize the indifferent adjustment of the frequency so as to meet the requirement of the micro-grid system on frequency stability.
It should be noted that the statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present application provides a method, an apparatus, a device and a storage medium for PCS frequency modulation control of an energy storage converter, which overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
The embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a PCS frequency modulation control method for an energy storage converter, which is characterized in that the method includes: determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG; and according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support, or performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
Preferably, the determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the grid-connected point of the VSG according to the grid-connected point frequency acquired by the VSG includes, before, establishing a calculation model based on the VSG, where the calculation model includes a prime mover adjustment equation, an active frequency control model, and a reactive voltage control model, the active frequency control model is related to a rotor motion equation of the VSG, and the reactive voltage control model is related to a reactive voltage droop relationship of the VSG; according to the actual output active power obtained by the VSG, an active power instruction of the energy storage converter and rated angular frequency, obtaining output angular frequency through the active frequency control equation, and obtaining a VSG vector angle according to the angular frequency; and obtaining the output electromotive voltage through the reactive voltage control equation according to the actual output reactive power obtained by the VSG, the reactive power instruction of the converter and the rated phase voltage amplitude.
Preferably, the power control of the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support includes: when the frequency variation is larger than a first preset value of the variation and smaller than a second preset value of the variation, and the frequency variation rate is larger than the first preset value of the variation and smaller than the second preset value of the variation, the power control is performed on the PCS through the variation of the primary frequency modulation control response frequency and the inertia support control response frequency, wherein the first preset value of the variation is smaller than the second preset value of the variation, and the first preset value of the variation is smaller than the second preset value of the variation.
Preferably, the power control method for the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting the control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support includes: and when the frequency variation is larger than the second preset value of the variation, and the frequency variation rate is larger than the second preset value of the variation rate, performing power control on the PCS through the secondary frequency modulation control and the inertia support control response frequency variation.
Preferably, the power control of the energy storage converter PCS by the change of the response frequency of the secondary frequency modulation control and the inertia support control includes: and adjusting the deviation of the frequency modulation input according to the slope of the frequency modulation input of the secondary frequency modulation, and adjusting the frequency modulation output amplitude of the secondary frequency modulation according to the PI parameter of the secondary frequency modulation.
Preferably, the method further comprises: the PCS acquires the SOC of the energy storage battery unit;
and determining the frequency modulation power output of the energy storage converter according to the SOC of the energy storage battery unit so as to control the PCS power of the energy storage converter.
Preferably, the identifying the energy storage converter frequency modulation power output according to the SOC of the energy storage battery unit includes: calculating the frequency modulation power sagging proportional coefficient of the energy storage battery unit;
obtaining the adjustable frequency power of the energy storage battery unit according to the sagging proportionality coefficient of the frequency modulation power, the primary frequency modulation output and the secondary frequency modulation output; and obtaining the output frequency modulation power of the energy storage converter according to the frequency modulation power and the given power of the energy storage battery unit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a frequency modulation control device for an energy storage converter, where the device includes: the frequency parameter acquisition unit is used for determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency acquired by the virtual synchronous generator VSG; and the frequency modulation control unit is used for performing power control on the PCS of the energy storage converter in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, or performing power control on the PCS of the energy storage converter in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: a processor; and a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions which, when executed, cause the processor to perform any of the methods of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, which when executed by an electronic device comprising a plurality of application programs, cause the electronic device to perform any of the methods of the first aspect.
The above at least one technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the application can achieve the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, decoupling conditions of primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation control processes of the energy storage converter are set, in the PCS frequency modulation control process of the energy storage converter, the decoupling conditions are obtained according to load characteristics aimed at primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation in a power system, the frequency modulation control is simplified, smooth switching in the switching process can avoid power overshoot, and the problems that under the working condition of a plurality of parallel storage converter modules, partial modules are in overcurrent protection and shutdown, other modules are in overload operation and even the modules are damaged are avoided; secondly, the frequency modulation configuration capacity of the energy storage battery unit is optimized, the configuration of the energy storage unit on the frequency modulation capacity is reduced, and the cost of clean energy installation is reduced; and finally, estimating the battery SOC through the PCS of the energy storage converter, automatically distributing the energy storage converter according to the proportion under the scene of no interconnection communication of the frequency modulation power, improving the frequency modulation control effect and optimizing the energy storage capacity configuration.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application is merely an overview of the embodiments of the present application, and may be implemented according to the content of the specification, in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious, the following specific embodiments of the present application will be described.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a frequency modulation control method of an energy storage converter according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is an overall block diagram of an energy storage converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of primary and secondary FM control in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency modulation control device of an energy storage converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The application has the conception that in the prior art, the frequency modulation switching judgment condition is complex, the coupling degree is high under the scene of a plurality of converter modules, the power overshoot is easy to be caused in the frequency modulation process, the overcurrent shutdown of some modules is caused, the overload operation of other modules is further caused, and even the modules are damaged. Based on the method, an automatic and universal PCS frequency modulation control method of the energy storage converter is designed, the method can decouple the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation in the PCS frequency modulation control of the energy storage converter, the transition process is smoothly switched, and the frequency modulation configuration capacity of the energy storage of the battery is optimized; and secondly, realizing the automatic proportional distribution of the frequency modulation power without interconnection communication, improving the frequency modulation control effect and optimizing the energy storage capacity configuration.
The following describes in detail the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the application provides a PCS frequency modulation control method, device and equipment of an energy storage converter and a storage medium. As shown in fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a PCS frequency modulation control method of an energy storage converter in an embodiment of the present application is provided, where the method at least includes steps S110 to S120 as follows:
step S110, determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the frequency of the grid-connected point obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG;
as shown in fig. 2, which is an overall block diagram of the energy storage converter in the present application, it can be known that the VSG is a virtual synchronous generator, and the virtual synchronous generator technology is a technology that, by simulating the electromechanical transient characteristics of the synchronous generator set, the power supply adopting the converter has the external characteristics of the synchronous generator set, such as inertia, damping, primary frequency modulation, reactive voltage regulation, and the like, in the grid-connected operation. The VGS control module generates SVPWM control waves to perform relevant control on the energy storage converter, and the VSG has the characteristics of equivalent rotational inertia of the synchronous generator, system damping and the like, so that the problem of seamless switching between grid connection and off-grid can be solved.
The synchronous generator follows the rules of mechanical equation and electromagnetic equation, and has certain inertia during operation, and the energy storage converter utilizes the virtual synchronous machine to simplify the equivalent mathematical model to participate in control, so that the energy storage converter has similar functions, in particular inertia, as the traditional generator in mechanism characteristics.
In the PCS frequency modulation control process of an energy storage converter, a calculation model based on a VSG is established, wherein the calculation model comprises a prime motor regulation equation, an active frequency control model and a reactive voltage control model, the active frequency control model is related to a rotor motion equation of the VSG, and the reactive voltage control model is related to a reactive voltage droop relation of the VSG; according to the actual output active power obtained by the VSG, an active power instruction of the energy storage converter and rated angular frequency, obtaining output angular frequency through the active frequency control equation, and obtaining a VSG vector angle according to the angular frequency; and obtaining the output electromotive voltage through the reactive voltage control equation according to the actual output reactive power obtained by the VSG, the reactive power instruction of the converter and the rated phase voltage amplitude.
In the calculation model of VSG, according to the obtained actual output active power Pe and active power instruction P of converter ref Rated angular frequency omega N Obtaining an output angular frequency omega through a VSG active frequency control equation, and integrating the angular frequency omega to obtain a VSG vector angle theta serving as a coordinate transformation angle; according to the obtained actual output reactive power Q and the reactive power instruction Q of the converter ref Rated phase voltage amplitude U N Obtaining the output electromotive voltage amplitude E through a VSG non-voltage control equation m 。
The rotor motion equation of active frequency control is as follows:
wherein omega is N Omega is the rated rotor angular frequency and the actual rotor angular frequency respectively, J, D is the moment of inertia and the damping coefficient respectively, P m 、P e Mechanical power and electromagnetic power (Pe, i.e. output active power P), respectively, δ being the power angle.
The prime mover adjustment equation is: p (P) m ＝P ref +K f (ω N -ω)
Wherein P is ref For active power command, K f Is an active frequency modulation coefficient.
The equation for reactive-voltage control is:
wherein E is m Is of electromotive force, Q ref For reactive power instruction, U N For nominal phase voltage amplitude, K v The reactive voltage regulation coefficient is K, and the integral coefficient is K.
After the energy storage converter is connected with a power grid, collecting three-phase voltage of a grid-connected point in real time, outputting frequency of the grid-connected point by a phase-locked loop (PLL) according to the collected three-phase voltage of the grid-connected point, filtering by a low-pass filter (LPF), avoiding high-frequency disturbance components caused by differential calculation, and ensuring reliability of frequency change rate of the actual grid-connected point; and further acquiring the frequency variation delta f of the grid-connected point and calculating the frequency variation d delta f/dt of the grid-connected point by detecting the frequency of the grid-connected point in real time.
Step S120 is to perform power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, or perform power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
In order to ensure that the VSG unit stably operates, when the power grid frequency is stabilized at a rated value, in order to avoid fatigue loss caused by frequent start and stop of the frequency modulation unit, a dead zone is arranged near the rated rotation speed, the size of the dead zone can be set by itself, and the setting range in the national standard is generally 0.033-0.1Hz. I.e. the VSG is only regulated when the frequency changes beyond the nominal frequency.
In the application, as shown in fig. 3, in the frequency modulation dead zone range, the switches S1 and S2 are disconnected, and the change of inertia support response frequency in the VSG control is used, wherein the frequency modulation dead zone range is set as |Δf| < (0.033-0.1 Hz), and the mathematical equation is as follows:
the inertial support has advanced characteristic, is sensitive to variation and can respond quickly due to differential control. Inertia support is a power output based on the rate of change of frequency, the magnitude of which depends on the degree of change of frequency, and remains zero when the system frequency is dropped to a certain position and no longer changes. When the power grid frequency drops, a series of control processes can be generated in the VSG, and inertial support control initially occurs, so that the voltage drop can be effectively prevented from being too fast due to the large change rate but the small difference, and the speed of the frequency drop process is hindered.
And performing frequency modulation control by primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation outside the frequency modulation dead time range. According to the properties of primary and secondary frequency modulation of the power system for load: the primary frequency modulation is suitable for random loads with small fluctuation range and short period; the secondary frequency modulation is suitable for load fluctuation with strong impact, large fluctuation range and long period; therefore, the application reasonably defines and distinguishes the change quantity of the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation frequency and the change rate switching value of the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation frequency through the characteristics, has simple switching conditions, realizes decoupling of primary frequency modulation control and secondary frequency modulation control, simplifies the control logic and is beneficial to engineering application.
Firstly, defining a frequency modulation frequency dead zone Deltaf, a first frequency variation Deltaf 1 of a grid-connected point, a second frequency variation Deltaf 2 of the grid-connected point, a first frequency variation f1 of the grid-connected point, a second frequency variation f2 of the grid-connected point and a third frequency variation f3 of the grid-connected point, wherein Deltaf 2 >△f 1 >△f*、f 3 >f 2 >f1
When the frequency variation Δf and the frequency variation rate d Δf/dt satisfy: Δf ×<△f<△f 1 Rate of change f1<d△f/dt<And f2, cutting the energy storage controller into primary frequency modulation control. When switching to primary frequency modulation, the switch S1 is closed, the switch S2 is opened, and only the primary frequency modulation and the inertia support are enabled to carry out frequency control, wherein the frequency control is as shown in the following formula:
when the frequency variation Δf and the frequency variation rate d Δf/dt satisfy: and when the delta f1< deltaf 2 and the f2< d delta f/dt < f3 are switched into secondary frequency modulation control, when the secondary frequency modulation is switched into secondary frequency modulation, the switch S1 is opened, the switch S2 is closed, and only the secondary frequency modulation and inertia support are enabled to carry out frequency control, wherein the frequency control is shown in the following formula:
in the switching process of primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation, in order to avoid excessive saturation depth of a PI controller and power overshoot in the switching process caused by excessive frequency deviation, frequency modulation is carried out according to a given frequency modulation input slope in response time and adjustment time of frequency modulation requirements, and meanwhile PI control limits frequency modulation output and avoids power overshoot in the switching process.
When the frequency variation Δf and the frequency variation rate d Δf/dt satisfy: and when Deltaf 2< Deltafor f3< dDeltaf/dt, the energy storage converter executes frequency protection shutdown.
The primary frequency modulation is a continuous process at the beginning of frequency change, and even if the system frequency drops, the primary frequency modulation still keeps a stable frequency operation, and does not stop working because the frequency is unchanged, so long as the system frequency does not recover to the rated frequency, the primary frequency modulation is not stopped.
The secondary frequency modulation means that the virtual synchronous generator set provides enough adjustable capacity and a certain adjusting rate, and the frequency is tracked in real time under the allowable adjusting deviation so as to meet the requirement of stable system frequency. The secondary frequency modulation can achieve the indifferent adjustment of the frequency, and the power of the communication line can be monitored and adjusted.
According to the application, the decoupling condition between primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation is set, so that the frequency modulation control is simplified, and engineering application is facilitated; the primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation switching process is smooth, and the overshoot of power can be avoided.
In some examples of the present application, the power control of the energy storage converter PCS by the change of the response frequency of the secondary frequency modulation control and the inertia support control includes: and adjusting the deviation of the frequency modulation input according to the slope of the frequency modulation input of the secondary frequency modulation, and adjusting the frequency modulation output amplitude of the secondary frequency modulation according to the PI parameter of the secondary frequency modulation.
As shown in fig. 3, in the switching process of the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation, in order to avoid excessive saturation depth of the PI controller and power overshoot in the switching process caused by excessive frequency deviation, in response time and adjustment time of the frequency modulation requirement, the power overshoot in the switching process is avoided by providing ramp setting of the secondary frequency modulation input and limiting the output of the PI control.
In some examples of the application, in order to realize online automatic on-line proportional distribution of the frequency modulation power without interconnection communication and improve the frequency modulation control effect, the energy storage converter PCS acquires the SOC of the energy storage battery unit; and determining the frequency modulation power output of the energy storage converter according to the SOC of the energy storage battery unit so as to control the PCS power of the energy storage converter. The method specifically comprises the following steps: comprising the following steps: calculating the frequency modulation power sagging proportional coefficient of the energy storage battery unit; obtaining the adjustable frequency power of the energy storage battery unit according to the sagging proportionality coefficient of the frequency modulation power, the primary frequency modulation output and the secondary frequency modulation output; and obtaining the output frequency modulation power of the energy storage converter according to the frequency modulation power and the given power of the energy storage battery unit.
The sagging proportional coefficient is used for sagging control, and the sagging control is used for enabling the energy storage converters to simulate the operation characteristics of the synchronous generator, and the energy storage converters and the synchronous generator are in parallel operation or grid-connected operation, so that the energy storage converters can be used for parallel operation or grid-connected operation, and reasonable power distribution among the energy storage converters or power distribution between the energy storage converters and a power grid is realized.
Compared with a fixed proportionality coefficient, the method has the advantages that the frequency modulation power is distributed according to the SOC of the energy storage battery unit estimated by the PCS of the energy storage converters, so that the energy storage converters can automatically distribute the power proportion according to the frequency modulation power calculated by the modules and the SOC of the energy storage battery under the working conditions of no interconnection communication and multi-module parallel connection, the frequency indifference control is completed, and the capability of autonomously adjusting the frequency output power of the energy storage converters is improved.
In the parallel operation of a plurality of energy storage converters, the rated power is P N Estimating the SOC of the energy storage battery unit as S i The sag scaling factor of the FM power is k i The following steps are:
the power output by each energy storage converter comprises a given power P ref Frequency modulated power output P fm Primary frequency modulation output P fm1 Secondary frequency modulation output Pfm2 The following steps are:
the energy storage converters adopt the same PI controller parameter, and the frequency modulation power output has the following proportional relation:
the induced sagging proportion coefficient of the frequency modulation power is in proportion to the capacity of the energy storage battery, the real-time capacity of the energy storage battery is combined with the output of the frequency modulation power, when no interconnection communication exists among the energy storage converter modules, the output of the frequency modulation power can be automatically and dynamically adjusted according to the capacity of the battery, the energy storage battery unit is effectively utilized for outputting the frequency modulation power, and the frequency modulation configuration capacity of the energy storage battery unit is reduced; the fixed proportionality coefficient, the power output does not consider the capacity of each actual energy storage unit, and when the balance degree among the energy storage battery clusters is poor, the actual frequency modulation power output is not satisfied, the frequency adjustment speed is low, and the frequency modulation control effect is poor.
The embodiment of the application also provides a frequency modulation control device 400 of the energy storage converter, as shown in fig. 4, and provides a schematic structural diagram of the frequency modulation control device of the energy storage converter in the embodiment of the application, where the device 400 at least includes: a frequency parameter acquisition unit 410, a frequency modulation control unit 420, wherein:
in one embodiment of the present application, the frequency parameter obtaining unit 410 is specifically configured to: determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG;
the VSG is a virtual synchronous generator, and the virtual synchronous generator technology is a technology for enabling a power supply adopting a converter to have external grid-connected operation characteristics such as inertia, damping, primary frequency modulation, reactive voltage regulation and the like of the synchronous generator set by simulating the electromechanical transient characteristic of the synchronous generator set. The VGS control module generates SVPWM control waves to perform relevant control on the energy storage converter, and the VSG has the characteristics of equivalent rotational inertia of the synchronous generator, system damping and the like, so that the problem of seamless switching between grid connection and off-grid can be solved.
After the energy storage converter is connected with a power grid, collecting three-phase voltage of a grid-connected point in real time, outputting frequency of the grid-connected point by a phase-locked loop (PLL) according to the collected three-phase voltage of the grid-connected point, filtering by a low-pass filter (LPF), avoiding high-frequency disturbance components caused by differential calculation, and ensuring reliability of frequency change rate of the actual grid-connected point; and further acquiring the frequency variation delta f of the grid-connected point and calculating the frequency variation d delta f/dt of the grid-connected point by detecting the frequency of the grid-connected point in real time.
In one embodiment of the present application, the fm control unit 420 is specifically configured to: and according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support, or performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
In the application, as shown in fig. 3, in the frequency modulation dead zone range, the switches S1 and S2 are disconnected, and the change of inertia support response frequency in the VSG control is used, wherein the frequency modulation dead zone range is set as |Δf| < (0.033-0.1 Hz), and the mathematical equation is as follows:
the inertial support has advanced characteristic, is sensitive to variation and can respond quickly due to differential control. Inertia support is a power output based on the rate of change of frequency, the magnitude of which depends on the degree of change of frequency, and remains zero when the system frequency is dropped to a certain position and no longer changes. When the power grid frequency drops, a series of control processes can be generated in the VSG, and inertial support control initially occurs, so that the voltage drop can be effectively prevented from being too fast due to the large change rate but the small difference, and the speed of the frequency drop process is hindered.
And performing frequency modulation control by primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation outside the frequency modulation dead time range. According to the properties of primary and secondary frequency modulation of the power system for load: the primary frequency modulation is suitable for random loads with small fluctuation range and short period; the secondary frequency modulation is suitable for load fluctuation with strong impact, large fluctuation range and long period; therefore, the application reasonably defines and distinguishes the change quantity of the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation frequency and the change rate switching value of the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation frequency through the characteristics, has simple switching conditions, realizes decoupling of primary frequency modulation control and secondary frequency modulation control, simplifies the control logic and is beneficial to engineering application.
Firstly, defining a frequency modulation frequency dead zone Deltaf, a first frequency variation Deltaf 1 of a grid-connected point, a second frequency variation Deltaf 2 of the grid-connected point, a first frequency variation f1 of the grid-connected point, a second frequency variation f2 of the grid-connected point and a third frequency variation f3 of the grid-connected point: wherein Deltaf 2 >△f 1 >△f*、f 3 >f 2 >f1
When the frequency variation Δf and the frequency variation rate d Δf/dt satisfy: Δf ×<△f<△f 1 Rate of change f1<d△f/dt<And f2, cutting the energy storage controller into primary frequency modulation control. When switching to primary frequency modulation, the switch S1 is closed, the switch S2 is opened, and only the primary frequency modulation and the inertia support are enabled to carry out frequency control, wherein the frequency control is as shown in the following formula:
when the frequency variation Δf and the frequency variation rate d Δf/dt satisfy: and when the delta f1< deltaf 2 and the f2< d delta f/dt < f3 are switched into secondary frequency modulation control, when the secondary frequency modulation is switched into secondary frequency modulation, the switch S1 is opened, the switch S2 is closed, and only the secondary frequency modulation and inertia support are enabled to carry out frequency control, wherein the frequency control is shown in the following formula:
in the switching process of primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation, in order to avoid excessive saturation depth of a PI controller and power overshoot in the switching process caused by excessive frequency deviation, frequency modulation is carried out according to a given frequency modulation input slope in response time and adjustment time of frequency modulation requirements, and meanwhile PI control limits frequency modulation output and avoids power overshoot in the switching process.
When the frequency variation Δf and the frequency variation rate d Δf/dt satisfy: and when Deltaf 2< Deltafor f3< dDeltaf/dt, the energy storage converter executes frequency protection shutdown.
It can be understood that the above-mentioned energy storage converter frequency modulation control device can implement each step of the energy storage converter frequency modulation control method provided in the foregoing embodiment, and the relevant explanation about the energy storage converter frequency modulation control method is applicable to the energy storage converter frequency modulation control device, which is not repeated herein.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 5, at the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, and optionally an internal bus, a network interface, and a memory. The Memory may include a Memory, such as a Random-Access Memory (RAM), and may further include a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least 1 disk Memory. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required for other services.
The processor, network interface, and memory may be interconnected by an internal bus, which may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect, peripheral component interconnect standard) bus, or EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, among others. The buses may be classified as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one bi-directional arrow is shown in FIG. 5, but not only one bus or type of bus.
And the memory is used for storing programs. In particular, the program may include program code including computer-operating instructions. The memory may include memory and non-volatile storage and provide instructions and data to the processor.
The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the nonvolatile memory to the memory and then operates the memory to form the energy storage converter frequency modulation control device on a logic level. The processor is used for executing the programs stored in the memory and is specifically used for executing the following operations:
determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG; and according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support, or performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
The method executed by the energy storage converter frequency modulation control device disclosed in the embodiment of fig. 1 of the present application can be applied to a processor or implemented by the processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or by instructions in the form of software. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, NP), etc.; but also digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The disclosed methods, steps, and logic blocks in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or in the execution of a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.
The electronic device may further execute the method executed by the frequency modulation control device of the energy storage converter in fig. 1, and implement the function of the frequency modulation control device of the energy storage converter in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, which is not described herein.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions, which when executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, enable the electronic device to execute the method executed by the energy storage converter frequency modulation control device in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and is specifically configured to execute:
determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG; and according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support, or performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of computer-readable media.
Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The PCS frequency modulation control method for the energy storage converter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG;
and according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support, or performing power control on the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said determining the amount of frequency change and the rate of frequency change of said VSG grid-tie point based on the grid-tie point frequency obtained by the virtual synchronous generator VSG comprises,
establishing a calculation model based on a VSG, wherein the calculation model comprises a prime motor regulation equation, an active frequency control model and a reactive voltage control model, the active frequency control model is related to a rotor motion equation of the VSG, and the reactive voltage control model is related to a reactive voltage droop relation of the VSG;
according to the actual output active power obtained by the VSG, an active power instruction of the energy storage converter and rated angular frequency, obtaining output angular frequency through the active frequency control equation, and obtaining a VSG vector angle according to the angular frequency;
and obtaining the output electromotive voltage through the reactive voltage control equation according to the actual output reactive power obtained by the VSG, the reactive power instruction of the converter and the rated phase voltage amplitude.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the power control of the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG by using a control scheme combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support comprises:
when the frequency variation is larger than a first preset value of the variation and smaller than a second preset value of the variation, and the frequency variation rate is larger than the first preset value of the variation and smaller than the second preset value of the variation, the power control is performed on the PCS through the variation of the primary frequency modulation control response frequency and the inertia support control response frequency, wherein the first preset value of the variation is smaller than the second preset value of the variation, and the first preset value of the variation is smaller than the second preset value of the variation.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the power control of the energy storage converter PCS in the VSG using a combined secondary frequency modulation and inertia support control scheme comprises:
and when the frequency variation is larger than the second preset value of the variation, and the frequency variation rate is larger than the second preset value of the variation rate, performing power control on the PCS through the secondary frequency modulation control and the inertia support control response frequency variation.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said power controlling the energy storage converter PCS through a change in the response frequency of said secondary fm control and said inertia support control comprises:
and adjusting the deviation of the frequency modulation input according to the slope of the frequency modulation input of the secondary frequency modulation, and adjusting the frequency modulation output amplitude of the secondary frequency modulation according to the PI parameter of the secondary frequency modulation.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises:
the PCS acquires the SOC of the energy storage battery unit;
and determining the frequency modulation power output of the energy storage converter according to the SOC of the energy storage battery unit so as to control the PCS power of the energy storage converter.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein said validating said energy storage converter frequency modulated power output based on said energy storage cell SOC comprises:
calculating the frequency modulation power sagging proportional coefficient of the energy storage battery unit;
obtaining the adjustable frequency power of the energy storage battery unit according to the sagging proportionality coefficient of the frequency modulation power, the primary frequency modulation output and the secondary frequency modulation output;
and obtaining the output frequency modulation power of the energy storage converter according to the frequency modulation power and the given power of the energy storage battery unit.
8. An energy storage converter frequency modulation control device, characterized in that the device comprises:
the frequency parameter acquisition unit is used for determining the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point according to the grid-connected point frequency acquired by the virtual synchronous generator VSG;
and the frequency modulation control unit is used for performing power control on the PCS of the energy storage converter in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining primary frequency modulation and inertia support according to the frequency variation and the frequency variation rate of the VSG grid-connected point, or performing power control on the PCS of the energy storage converter in the VSG by adopting a control mode of combining secondary frequency modulation and inertia support.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, which when executed by an electronic device comprising a plurality of application programs, cause the electronic device to perform any of the methods of claims 1-7.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117353358A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-05 | 法罗电力(浙江)有限公司 | Energy storage inverter management method, system and energy storage device |
| CN117595335A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-02-23 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Control method and system for parallel operation of grid-structured energy storage converters |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117595335A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-02-23 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Control method and system for parallel operation of grid-structured energy storage converters |
| CN117353358A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-05 | 法罗电力(浙江)有限公司 | Energy storage inverter management method, system and energy storage device |
| CN117353358B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-03-22 | 法罗电力(浙江)有限公司 | Energy storage inverter management method, system and energy storage device |
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