CN116798538A - Simulation system of mixer-settler and calculation method thereof - Google Patents

Simulation system of mixer-settler and calculation method thereof Download PDF

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CN116798538A
CN116798538A CN202310439559.3A CN202310439559A CN116798538A CN 116798538 A CN116798538 A CN 116798538A CN 202310439559 A CN202310439559 A CN 202310439559A CN 116798538 A CN116798538 A CN 116798538A
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mixer
settler
flow
simulation
weir
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常智舵
吴声
王嵩龄
程福祥
廖春生
冯凯
刘艳
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CHINA MINMETALS(BEIJING)RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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CHINA MINMETALS(BEIJING)RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Abstract

The invention relates to a simulation system of a mixer-settler and a calculation method thereof, comprising an initial external variable input module, an intermediate process external variable input module, a mixing chamber simulation calculation module, a clarifier simulation calculation module and an iteration control module, wherein the change of an external flow parameter in the simulation process is set by setting an initial flow parameter and a mixer-settler equipment parameter, the running state of the mixing chamber is calculated in a simulation mode according to the set initial flow parameter and the related data of the intermediate process external variable, so as to obtain the running state of the clarifier, and the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iteration calculation process are controlled to carry out iteration operation. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, various theoretical models such as pressure balance, weir flow model, extraction balance and heterogeneous mixing process are comprehensively applied, and a simulation system of liquid volume and flow of the mixer-settler is constructed by a numerical simulation method, so that reliable data support is provided for the establishment of an intelligent control system for rare earth extraction and separation.

Description

Simulation system of mixer-settler and calculation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solvent extraction and separation, and particularly relates to a simulation system of a mixer-settler and a calculation method thereof.
Background
Rare earth is a key raw material in many high-tech industries as an important strategic resource. The rare earth ores (such as bastnaesite, monazite, ion adsorption type rare earth ores and the like) are co-associated ores of several to more than ten rare earth elements, and the high-purity, high-quality and low-cost separation of the mixed rare earth elements is important for the comprehensive and efficient utilization of rare earth resources.
Since the 70 th century of the 20 th century, the cascade extraction theory established by Xu Guangxian institutions and the like leads the rare earth separation theory and technology of China to the world, and under the guidance of the theory, the computer simulation technology, the linkage extraction separation technology and the like are further developed, so that the innovation of rare earth separation technology and industry of China is continuously led. At present, a solvent extraction separation method based on hydrometallurgical equipment such as a mixer-settler and the like has become a mainstream technology in the field of rare earth separation.
In the 21 st century, under the large background of comprehensive transformation and upgrading of industrial manufacturing industry and deep blending of computer technology and traditional manufacturing industry in China, higher development requirements are put forward on rare earth extraction and separation technology, and comprehensive automation and intellectualization of the extraction and separation process become increasingly urgent practical demands.
In the research process of an intelligent control system, most patents and articles focus on theoretical research of the extraction balance problem, and less attention is paid to the volume balance and flow balance problems which are continuously changed along with time and exist in the actual operation process of a mixer-settler. However, a great deal of rare earth extraction separation practical experience shows that the volume balance and flow balance problems of the mixer-settler are critical to the control of the extraction separation production line.
As the operating conditions of the production line change, the two-phase sump volume in the mixer-settler and the flow to and from the mixer-settler also change continuously, and such changes have significant non-linear and hysteresis characteristics. The volume balance and flow balance control of the tank body can directly influence the quality of rare earth products output by the extraction separation production line. The simulation system for constructing the mixer-settler in the rare earth extraction and separation process is a key link for constructing an intelligent control system for rare earth extraction and separation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a simulation system and a calculation method of a mixer-settler, which are applied to the rare earth extraction and separation process, comprehensively apply various theoretical models such as pressure balance, weir flow model, extraction balance, heterogeneous mixing process and the like aiming at the problems of volume balance and flow balance existing in the rare earth extraction and separation process, simulate the actual operation mode of the mixer-settler by a numerical calculation method, and provide reliable data support for the establishment of an intelligent control system for rare earth extraction and separation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, a system for simulating a mixer-settler, the system comprising an initial external variable input module for setting initial flow parameters and mixer-settler equipment parameters, wherein a single-stage tank of the mixer-settler comprises a mixing chamber and a clarifier, and water phase and organic phase of the single-stage tank flow in countercurrent between each stage of tanks respectively;
the intermediate process external variable input module is used for setting the change of external flow parameters in the simulation process;
the mixing chamber simulation calculation module is used for calculating the running state of the mixing chamber according to the related data simulation in the initial external variable input module and the intermediate process external variable input module;
the clarification chamber simulation calculation module is used for calculating the running state of the clarification chamber according to the related data simulation in the initial external variable input module and the intermediate process external variable input module;
and the iteration control module is used for controlling the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iteration calculation process to carry out iteration operation.
Further, the initial flow parameters include an organic phase initial flow rate and an aqueous phase initial flow rate that enter the mixer-settler from the outside.
Further, the mixing and clarifying tank equipment parameters comprise the total number of stages of the tank body, the volume of the mixing chamber, the initial mixing chamber, the volume of the clarifying chamber, the organic phase overflow weir height of the clarifying chamber, the aqueous phase overflow weir height of the clarifying chamber, the organic overflow equivalent weir width of the clarifying chamber and the aqueous phase overflow equivalent weir width of the clarifying chamber.
Further, the external flow parameters comprise the flow of the organic phase and the flow of the aqueous phase entering the mixer-settler from the outside in the process of simulation.
Further, the basic formula used by the mixing chamber simulation calculation module for simulation calculation comprises a heterogeneous mixing process formula and an extraction balance formula.
Further, the heterogeneous mixing process formula is described as follows:
wherein: gamma (t) is the phase ratio (organic phase volume/aqueous phase volume) at time t;
gamma (t+1 is the phase ratio (organic phase volume/aqueous phase volume) at time t+1;
γ F the phase ratio (organic phase flow rate/water phase flow rate) of the feed material liquid;
f is the total flow of the feed;
v is the total volume of the storage tank.
Further, a mixer-settler containing A, B components, the extraction equilibrium formula is described as follows:
wherein:is the molar concentration of the A component in the organic phase;
a is the molar concentration of the A component in the water phase;
is the molar concentration of the component B in the organic phase;
b is the molar concentration of the component B in the water phase;
β A/B is the extraction separation coefficient.
Further, the basic formulas used by the clarification chamber simulation calculation module include a two-phase pressure balance formula and a weir flow formula, and the two-phase pressure balance formula is described as follows:
wherein: ρ o Organic phase density for clarification chamber;
h o height of organic phase in clarification chamber;
ρ a is the density of the water phase in the clarification chamber;
h a the water phase height of the clarification chamber;
h is the height of an aqueous phase overflow weir;
H 0 the water head height is the water phase weir.
Further, the weir flow type is a thin wall weir, and the weir flow formula is described as follows:
wherein:
q is the flow rate of the weir flow of the water phase or the organic phase in unit time;
m is a weir flow coefficient, and the value range of the weir flow coefficient is between 0 and 10 according to different structures of the overflow weir;
b is equivalent weir width;
g is a gravitational acceleration constant;
H 0 the height of the water head on the weir.
In a second aspect, a method for simulated simulation of a mixer-settler, the method being based on a simulated simulation system of a mixer-settler according to the first aspect of the invention and any alternative embodiment thereof, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, setting initial flow parameters and mixer-settler equipment parameters, wherein a single-stage tank body of the mixer-settler comprises a mixing chamber and a clarifier, and water phase and organic phase of the single-stage tank body flow in countercurrent between tank bodies of all stages respectively;
s2, setting the change of external flow parameters in the simulation process;
s3, simulating and calculating the running state of the mixing chamber according to the related data set in the step S1 and the step S2;
s4, simulating and calculating the running state of the clarification chamber according to the related data set in the step S1 and the step S2;
s5, controlling the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iterative calculation process to carry out iterative operation.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: by adopting the simulation calculation method of the mixer-settler disclosed by the invention, the volume balance and flow balance processes in the operation process of the extraction separation production line can be simulated by adopting a theoretical calculation method; according to the simulation result, the operation state of the extraction and separation production line can be analyzed and predicted, and theoretical basis and data support are provided for the control of the production line; the volume flow balance simulation system is a key link for constructing an intelligent control system for rare earth extraction and separation, and is one of important foundations for realizing the intellectualization of rare earth separation production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for simulating a mixer-settler according to the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 50-stage series tank in which the organic phase and the aqueous phase flow counter-currently as shown in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single stage tank of a typical mixer-settler shown in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an organic phase overflow weir in a typical mixer-settler shown in embodiment one of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an aqueous overflow weir in a typical mixer-settler of the invention as shown in example one;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a heterogeneous mixing process in a mixing chamber according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing two-phase pressure balance in a settling chamber, according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary thin wall weir flow as shown in embodiment one of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the flow rate of the organic phase of the 5 th, 25 th and 45 th stages of the extraction separation tank with time according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the trend of the extraction separation tank in the first embodiment of the present invention in comparison with the 5 th, 25 th and 45 th stage mixing chambers;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the flow rate of the 5 th, 25 th and 45 th aqueous phases of the extraction separation tank according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a simulation system of a mixer-settler, which comprises an initial external variable input module, an intermediate process external variable input module, a mixing chamber simulation calculation module, a clarifier simulation calculation module, an iteration control module and the like.
The mixer-settler applied to the rare earth extraction separation process is formed by serially connecting a plurality of stages of tanks, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the rare earth extraction separation production line includes a 50-stage serial tank for illustration, and the tank is in a volume and flow balance state at time t=0, and each key parameter in the tank is basically stable. In the series groove body of the section, the organic phase and the water phase flow in countercurrent, the organic phase enters from the 1 st stage and flows out from the 50 th stage; the aqueous phase enters from stage 50 and exits from stage 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the single-stage tank body consists of a mixing chamber and a clarifying chamber, and the water phase and the organic phase of the single-stage tank body respectively flow in countercurrent between the tank bodies of each stage.
An initial external variable input module for setting initial flow parameters and mixer-settler equipment parameters, the initial flow parameters including, but not limited to, initial flow of organic phase and initial flow of aqueous phase into the mixer-settler from the outside.
The mixer-settler parameters include, but are not limited to, total tank number, mixing chamber volume, initial mixing chamber phase ratio, clarifier volume, clarifier organic phase overflow weir height, clarifier aqueous phase overflow weir height, clarifier organic overflow equivalent weir width, clarifier aqueous phase overflow equivalent weir width. Wherein, organic phase overflow weir schematic and aqueous phase overflow weir schematic are shown in fig. 4 and 5 respectively, and the relevant parameters of the initial external variable input module are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 initial flow parameters for Mixer settler and Mixer settler plant parameters
And the intermediate process external variable input module is used for setting the change of external flow parameters in the simulation process. External flow parameters include, but are not limited to, the flow of organic phase into the mixer-settler from the outside and the flow of aqueous phase during the simulation.
The parameters associated with the intermediate process external variable input module are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 external flow parameters in intermediate Process external variable input Module
And the mixing chamber simulation calculation module is used for calculating the running state of the mixing chamber according to the related data simulation in the initial external variable input module and the intermediate process external variable input module.
Basic formulas used by the mixing chamber simulation calculation module include, but are not limited to, heterogeneous mixing process formulas and extraction equilibrium formulas.
The heterogeneous mixing process formula is described as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, wherein:
gamma (t) is the phase ratio (organic phase volume/aqueous phase volume) at time t;
gamma (t+1) is the phase ratio (organic phase volume/aqueous phase volume) at time t+1;
γ F the phase ratio (organic phase flow rate/water phase flow rate) of the feed material liquid;
f is the total flow of the feed;
v is the total volume of the storage tank.
Taking an extraction separation system containing A, B as an example, an extraction balance formula is described as follows:
wherein:is the molar concentration of the A component in the organic phase;
a is the molar concentration of the A component in the water phase;
is the molar concentration of the component B in the organic phase;
b is the molar concentration of the component B in the water phase;
β A/B is the extraction separation coefficient.
And the clarification chamber simulation calculation module is used for calculating the running state of the clarification chamber according to the initial variable and the intermediate process variable simulation.
Basic formulas used by the settling chamber simulation calculation module include, but are not limited to, two-phase pressure balance formulas and weir flow formulas.
The two-phase pressure balance formula is described as follows:
as shown in fig. 7, wherein:
ρ o organic phase density for clarification chamber;
h o height of organic phase in clarification chamber;
ρ a is the density of the water phase in the clarification chamber;
h a the water phase height of the clarification chamber;
h is the height of an aqueous phase overflow weir;
H 0 the water head height is the water phase weir.
The weir flow type is a thin wall weir, and the weir flow formula is described as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, wherein:
q is the flow rate of the weir flow of the water phase or the organic phase in unit time;
m is a weir flow coefficient, and the value range of the weir flow coefficient is between 0 and 10 according to different structures of the overflow weir;
b is equivalent weir width;
g is a gravitational acceleration constant;
H 0 the height of the water head on the weir.
The iteration control module is used for controlling the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iteration calculation process. The minimum time unit is 1 microsecond to 10 minutes, and a numerical calculation method is adopted, so that a minimum time unit is required to be set in the calculation process of each module, the smaller the minimum time unit is, the higher the calculation accuracy is, but the longer the calculation time is, and the minimum time unit is set according to the calculation accuracy actually required.
The iteration times can be set to be fixed values, and can also be set to be automatically stopped after the key parameters of each stage of mixer-settler tend to be stable, wherein the key parameters include, but are not limited to, water phase flow, organic phase flow, water phase tank volume, organic phase tank volume, water phase component concentration and organic phase component concentration.
the external flow parameter is changed at the time of t=0, the organic flow is increased from 800L/min to 1100L/min, and the water phase flow is kept unchanged at 1000L/min. According to the simulation system and the calculation method of the mixer-settler provided by the invention, parameters are input into the mixing chamber simulation calculation module and the clarifier simulation calculation module, and are controlled by the iteration control module to carry out iteration calculation, so that the equilibrium state data of the mixer-settler and the intermediate process data of the transition from the non-equilibrium state to the equilibrium state are finally obtained.
The calculation result of the simulation system shows that:
(1) As shown in fig. 9, from the time t=0, the influence of the flow change of the organic phase is gradually conducted from the 1 st stage to the 50 th stage over time.
(2) As shown in fig. 10, from time t=0, the mixing chamber sump changes (compared to changes) due to the change in the organic phase flow, i.e., the mixing chamber "sump filling" process common in engineering practice.
(3) As shown in fig. 11, the mixing chamber "slot filling" process "squeezes" more aqueous phase due to the change in the organic phase flow, causing the aqueous phase flow to rapidly increase in a short time, and the aqueous phase flow peaks.
(4) As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the flow rates of the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the entire mixer-settler show a pattern of variation of repeated "oscillations" and the oscillation amplitude gradually decays, eventually approaching a new equilibrium state.
Through verification, the calculation result of the simulation system has good consistency with engineering practice data.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a simulation calculation method of a mixer-settler, which is based on a simulation system for implementing the mixer-settler and an alternative implementation thereof, and comprises the following steps:
s1, setting initial flow parameters and mixer-settler equipment parameters, wherein a single-stage tank body of the mixer-settler comprises a mixing chamber and a clarifier, and water phase and organic phase of the single-stage tank body flow in countercurrent between tank bodies of all stages respectively;
s2, setting the change of external flow parameters in the simulation process;
s3, simulating and calculating the running state of the mixing chamber according to the related data set in the step S1 and the step S2;
s4, simulating and calculating the running state of the clarification chamber according to the related data set in the step S1 and the step S2;
s5, controlling the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iterative calculation process to carry out iterative operation.
According to the simulation system and the calculation method thereof, the simulation system comprises an initial external variable input module, an intermediate process external variable input module, a mixing chamber simulation calculation module, a clarification chamber simulation calculation module and an iteration control module, wherein the initial flow parameter and the mixing clarification tank equipment parameter are set, the change of the external flow parameter in the simulation process is set, the running state of the mixing chamber is calculated in a simulation mode according to the set initial flow parameter and the related data of the intermediate process external variable, and the running state of the clarification chamber is controlled to control the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iteration calculation process to carry out iteration operation. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, various theoretical models such as pressure balance, weir flow model, extraction balance and heterogeneous mixing process are comprehensively applied, and a simulation system of liquid volume and flow of the mixer-settler is constructed by a numerical simulation method, so that reliable data support is provided for the establishment of an intelligent control system for rare earth extraction and separation.
The system and method of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may obtain other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, which also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A simulation system of a mixer-settler is characterized in that: the system comprises an initial external variable input module, a mixing chamber and a clarifying chamber, wherein the initial external variable input module is used for setting initial flow parameters and mixing clarifying tank equipment parameters, a single-stage tank body of the mixing clarifying tank comprises the mixing chamber and the clarifying chamber, and water phase and organic phase of the single-stage tank body flow in countercurrent between tank bodies of all stages respectively;
the intermediate process external variable input module is used for setting the change of external flow parameters in the simulation process;
the mixing chamber simulation calculation module is used for calculating the running state of the mixing chamber according to the related data simulation in the initial external variable input module and the intermediate process external variable input module;
the clarification chamber simulation calculation module is used for calculating the running state of the clarification chamber according to the related data simulation in the initial external variable input module and the intermediate process external variable input module;
and the iteration control module is used for controlling the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iteration calculation process to carry out iteration operation.
2. A system for simulating the operation of a mixer-settler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the initial flow parameters include an organic phase initial flow and an aqueous phase initial flow which enter the mixer-settler from the outside.
3. A system for simulating the operation of a mixer-settler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the parameters of the mixing and clarifying tank equipment comprise the total number of stages of a tank body, the volume of a mixing chamber, the ratio of an initial mixing chamber to the initial mixing chamber, the volume of a clarifying chamber, the height of an organic phase overflow weir of the clarifying chamber, the height of an aqueous phase overflow weir of the clarifying chamber, the width of an organic overflow equivalent weir of the clarifying chamber and the width of an aqueous phase overflow equivalent weir of the clarifying chamber.
4. A system for simulating the operation of a mixer-settler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the external flow parameters comprise the flow of the organic phase and the flow of the water phase which enter the mixer-settler from the outside in the simulation process.
5. A system for simulating the operation of a mixer-settler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the basic formula used by the mixing chamber simulation calculation module for simulation calculation comprises a heterogeneous mixing process formula and an extraction balance formula.
6. The simulated simulation system of the mixer-settler of claim 5, further comprising: the heterogeneous mixing process formula is described as follows:
wherein: gamma (t) is the phase ratio (organic phase volume/aqueous phase volume) at time t;
gamma (t+1) is the phase ratio (organic phase volume/aqueous phase volume) at time t+1;
γ F the phase ratio (organic phase flow rate/water phase flow rate) of the feed material liquid;
f is the total flow of the feed;
v is the total volume of the storage tank.
7. The simulated simulation system of the mixer-settler of claim 5, further comprising: an extraction separation system comprising A, B components, wherein the extraction equilibrium formula is described as follows:
wherein:is the molar concentration of the A component in the organic phase;
a is the molar concentration of the A component in the water phase;
is the molar concentration of the component B in the organic phase;
b is the molar concentration of the component B in the water phase;
β A/B is the extraction separation coefficient.
8. A system for simulating the operation of a mixer-settler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
the basic formulas used by the clarification chamber simulation calculation module comprise a two-phase pressure balance formula and a weir flow formula, wherein the two-phase pressure balance formula is described as follows:
wherein: ρ o Organic phase density for clarification chamber;
h o height of organic phase in clarification chamber;
ρ a is the density of the water phase in the clarification chamber;
h a the water phase height of the clarification chamber;
h is the height of an aqueous phase overflow weir;
H 0 the water head height is the water phase weir.
9. The simulated simulation system of the mixer-settler of claim 8, further comprising:
the weir flow type is a thin wall weir, and the weir flow formula is described as follows:
wherein:
q is the flow rate of the weir flow of the water phase or the organic phase in unit time;
m is a weir flow coefficient, and the value range of the weir flow coefficient is between 0 and 10 according to different structures of the overflow weir;
b is equivalent weir width;
g is a gravitational acceleration constant;
H 0 the height of the water head on the weir.
10. A method of simulated analogue calculation of a mixer-settler, said method being based on a simulated analogue system of a mixer-settler as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, said method comprising the steps of:
s1, setting initial flow parameters and mixer-settler equipment parameters, wherein a single-stage tank body of the mixer-settler comprises a mixing chamber and a clarifier, and water phase and organic phase of the single-stage tank body flow in countercurrent between tank bodies of all stages respectively;
s2, setting the change of external flow parameters in the simulation process;
s3, simulating and calculating the running state of the mixing chamber according to the related data set in the step S1 and the step S2;
s4, simulating and calculating the running state of the clarification chamber according to the related data set in the step S1 and the step S2;
s5, controlling the minimum time unit and the iteration times of the iterative calculation process to carry out iterative operation.
CN202310439559.3A 2023-04-23 2023-04-23 Simulation system of mixer-settler and calculation method thereof Pending CN116798538A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117077576A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-11-17 中国核电工程有限公司 Method and device for simulating process of mixer-settler, and verification method and system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117077576A (en) * 2023-10-16 2023-11-17 中国核电工程有限公司 Method and device for simulating process of mixer-settler, and verification method and system
CN117077576B (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-02-13 中国核电工程有限公司 Method and device for simulating process of mixer-settler, and verification method and system

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