CN116796402A - Highway environment recognition method and system based on BIM building information model - Google Patents
Highway environment recognition method and system based on BIM building information model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a highway environment identification method and system based on a BIM building information model. Measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey; importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment; and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a highway environment identification method and system based on a BIM building information model, and belongs to the technical field of digital construction.
Background
Along with the acceleration of the urban process and the continuous increase of traffic demands, highway construction becomes an important component of national infrastructure construction, and provides important guarantee for people to travel. In the road construction process, in order to better perform planning, design, construction and operation management, more and more road engineering projects adopt BIM technology.
BIM technology is a digital building information management mode, and can digitally manage and control the whole process from design to operation of building projects. The digital, integrated and shared highway environment information can be realized by the BIM technology, and the management and maintenance efficiency of the highway environment is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a highway environment identification method and system based on a BIM building information model, which are used for solving the problems of incomplete survey and low road planning design efficiency and quality in the prior art:
the invention provides a highway environment identification method based on a BIM building information model, which comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey;
S2: importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment;
s3: and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
Further the measuring tool is used for measuring road environment information, generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS (global positioning system), a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises terrain measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey, and comprises:
s11: performing solid exploration on a road section needing road construction, and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil condition, landform characteristics, traffic flow, climate condition and environmental influence;
s12: selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data;
S13: extracting the characteristics of the point cloud data of the acquired road information through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology to acquire characteristic points of the road environment information;
s14: and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
Further, the measuring the road environment information by selecting a corresponding tool from the road condition information, and obtaining the point cloud data of the road information, where the point cloud data includes topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data includes:
s121: analyzing the road condition information to determine which road condition information belongs to;
s122: selecting a corresponding measuring tool according to the types of road condition information, wherein road linearity is obtained through a laser scanner and a camera in combination with a GPS, road surface conditions are obtained through the laser scanner in combination with the camera, the laser radar, the GPS and a total station are used for measuring the landform characteristics, traffic flow is measured through the camera, and soil conditions are obtained through a soil detector;
s123: and measuring and implementing the road environment by using the selected measuring tool to acquire the point cloud data of the road information.
Further, importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into the BIM software, analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software, and obtaining the digital information of the road environment includes:
s21: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software;
s22: the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data;
s23: BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information;
s24: and obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
Further, the building a basic framework of the road environment in the BIM software, and combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model includes:
s31: building a basic framework of a road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements of the road environment, wherein the basic elements comprise pavements, curbs and roadbeds;
s32: importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with a basic framework of the road environment, and establishing a road environment model;
S33: and (3) identifying and designing and evaluating the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
The invention provides a highway environment identification system based on a BIM building information model, which comprises:
the road environment information acquisition module: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey;
a digital information module: importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment;
the highway environment model building module: and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
Further, the road environment information obtaining module includes:
the road condition information determining module: performing solid exploration on a road section needing road construction, and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil condition, landform characteristics, traffic flow, climate condition and environmental influence;
A measuring tool selection module: selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data;
the feature point extraction module: extracting the characteristics of the point cloud data of the acquired road information through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology to acquire characteristic points of the road environment information;
and a format conversion module: and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
Further, the measuring the road environment information by selecting a corresponding tool from the road condition information, and obtaining the point cloud data of the road information, where the point cloud data includes topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data includes:
the road condition information analysis module: analyzing the road condition information to determine which road condition information belongs to;
a measurement tool determination module: selecting a corresponding measuring tool according to the types of road condition information, wherein road linearity is obtained through a laser scanner and a camera in combination with a GPS, road surface conditions are obtained through the laser scanner in combination with the camera, the laser radar, the GPS and a total station are used for measuring the landform characteristics, traffic flow is measured through the camera, and soil conditions are obtained through a soil detector;
The measurement implementation module: and measuring and implementing the road environment by using the selected measuring tool to acquire the point cloud data of the road information.
Further, the digital information module includes:
and a data importing module: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software;
and a data processing module: the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data;
and a three-dimensional model generation module: BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information;
the digital information obtaining module: and obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
Further, the highway environment model building module includes:
basic frame builds the module: building a basic framework of a road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements of the road environment, wherein the basic elements comprise pavements, curbs and roadbeds;
information and frame combination module: importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with a basic framework of the road environment, and establishing a road environment model;
Feasibility scheme obtaining module: and (3) identifying and designing and evaluating the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by acquiring the road environment in the early stage, more real and accurate road environment information can be obtained, a more real and reliable road environment model is built in BIM software, the road environment can be identified and analyzed in a refined mode before design, problems and defects in the design process can be captured and corrected rapidly, and the design efficiency is improved. The BIM model can help designers to simulate and simulate, intuitively display the construction and operation conditions of the highway environment, avoid the condition that the design scheme is imperfect or needs to be modified for many times, and reduce the design cost. In the BIM model, once the road environment information is determined, the road environment information can be directly exported for construction, so that errors and loopholes in the traditional building engineering are avoided, and the construction quality is improved. The highway environment identification method based on the BIM model can intuitively display the running condition of the highway environment, is convenient for operation management staff to know and find problems in time, and optimizes operation management.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a step diagram of a method for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, and the described embodiments are merely some, rather than all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing embodiments thereof only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
In one embodiment of the application, a method for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model comprises the following steps:
S1: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey;
s2: importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment;
s3: and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey; importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment; and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
The technical scheme has the effects that: by measuring and collecting the point cloud data of the road environment, more real and accurate road environment information can be obtained, and further, a more real and reliable road environment model is built in BIM software, so that a designer is helped to better perform design and planning work, and the accuracy and reliability of road design are improved; the digital information of the road environment is combined with the basic framework, a highly visual and vivid road environment model can be established, and the road environment can be visually presented, so that designers and other related parties can more intuitively know the condition of the road design, and the visual expressive force of the road design is enhanced; the efficiency and the accuracy of highway design can be improved, the design period and the cost are reduced, and the highway design is completed rapidly through the processing of the digital road environment information; by collecting and measuring road environment information, road environment conditions can be comprehensively known, accidents in the construction process are avoided, and the safety of road construction is improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the measuring tool is used for measuring road environment information, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to the measurement result, the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, an earth detector and a geological survey instrument, the measurement comprises topography measurement, earth measurement, traffic situation measurement and geological survey, and the measuring comprises:
S11: performing solid exploration on a road section needing road construction, and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil condition, landform characteristics, traffic flow, climate condition and environmental influence;
s12: selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data;
s13: extracting the characteristics of the point cloud data of the acquired road information through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology to acquire characteristic points of the road environment information; the characteristic points comprise road boundaries, road marks, building outlines and traffic marks;
s14: and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
The road environment information is measured by selecting a corresponding tool through the road condition information, the point cloud data of the road information is obtained, the point cloud data comprises terrain data, geological data, environment data and traffic data, and the point cloud data comprises:
S121: analyzing the road condition information to determine which road condition information belongs to;
s122: selecting a corresponding measuring tool according to the types of road condition information, wherein road linearity is obtained through a laser scanner and a camera in combination with a GPS, road surface conditions are obtained through the laser scanner in combination with the camera, the laser radar, the GPS and a total station are used for measuring the landform characteristics, traffic flow is measured through the camera, and soil conditions are obtained through a soil detector; the road alignment comprises a road transverse slope H, a road width K and a transverse elevation G.
Wherein the calculation formula of the road cross slope H is H= (W) 2 -W 1 ) -1 *(V 2 -V 1 )，W 1 For y-axis coordinates when scanning along the outermost side of the road by the lidar, W 2 V for the y-axis coordinate when scanning along the innermost side of the road by the lidar 1 For x-axis coordinates when scanning along the outermost side of the road by the lidar, V 2 The x-axis coordinate when scanning along the innermost side of the road by a laser radar;
the calculation formula of the pavement width K is as follows:
wherein K is 1 P is the distance between the first camera and the left line of the road to be measured 1 For the distance between the first camera and the second camera, t is the focal length of the first camera and the second camera, +. >For the distance between the imaging point of the first camera and the center point of the lens when observing the left line,/>K is the distance between the imaging point and the center point of the lens when the second camera observes the left line 2 Is the distance between the second camera and the right line of the road to be tested, < >>For the distance between the imaging point of the first camera and the center point of the lens when the right line is observed,/>D is the distance between an imaging point and the center point of the lens when the second camera observes the right line 1 D is the height of the first camera from the road surface to be measured 2 The height of the second camera from the road surface to be measured.
The calculation formula of the vertical section elevation G isWherein V is 2 D is the x-axis coordinate when scanning along the innermost side of the road by the laser radar 3 For the height of the GPS receiving system from the road surface to be measured, P 2 Is the lateral distance between the second camera and the GPS receiving system.
S123: and measuring and implementing the road environment by using the selected measuring tool to acquire the point cloud data of the road information.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: performing solid exploration on a road section needing road construction, and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil condition, landform characteristics, traffic flow, climate condition and environmental influence; selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data; extracting the characteristics of the point cloud data of the acquired road information through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology to acquire characteristic points of the road environment information; and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
The technical scheme has the effects that: the road condition information of the road is determined by carrying out field exploration on the road section needing road construction and combining the regional map of the road, so that more detailed, accurate and comprehensive road environment information can be obtained, a more scientific and reasonable construction scheme can be formulated, the construction efficiency is improved, the construction cost is reduced and the construction risk is reduced. The point cloud data of the road information can be obtained by selecting the corresponding tool to measure the road environment information, so that a large amount of road environment information can be obtained very conveniently and rapidly, human errors possibly existing in the traditional measurement mode can be avoided, and the accuracy and the reliability of the data are improved. The point cloud data for acquiring the road information is subjected to feature extraction through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology, so that the data volume can be reduced, the processing efficiency and accuracy of the data can be further improved, the feature points of the road environment information are acquired, and more effective and convenient tool support is provided for subsequent road condition analysis, design and construction. The feature points of the road environment information are converted into the format supported by BIM software, so that data processing and analysis can be more conveniently and rapidly carried out, more convenient data sharing and integration can be realized, and the efficiency and accuracy of collaborative work are improved. The efficiency and the precision of road survey can be improved through the three formulas, and support and guarantee are provided for road construction. Wherein, the road cross slope can be used for evaluating the flatness and traffic safety of the road, the road width can be used for evaluating the traffic capacity and planning design of the road, and the elevation of the vertical section can be used for evaluating the longitudinal gradient and drainage condition of the road
In one embodiment of the present invention, importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into the BIM software, analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software, and obtaining the digitized information of the road environment includes:
s21: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software;
s22: the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data;
s23: BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information;
s24: and obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software; the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data; for example, the point cloud data may be processed using a filtering algorithm and a segmentation algorithm, eliminating noise and duplicate information in the data. And the BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from the classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information. And obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
The technical scheme has the effects that: the feature points of the road environment information are converted and imported into BIM software, and the imported point cloud data are cleaned and processed, so that noise and repeated information in the data can be eliminated, the preprocessed data can be obtained, and more reliable and accurate data support is provided for subsequent data analysis and modeling. The method has the advantages that the cleaned and processed point cloud data are classified, geometric information extraction is carried out according to the classified point cloud data, the accuracy and the effectiveness of the data can be further improved, meanwhile, the digital information of the road environment can be conveniently obtained, and more powerful and accurate data support is provided for subsequent design, construction and operation management. The generated three-dimensional model can be used for more intuitively and comprehensively displaying and analyzing the road environment information, and can help engineers and designers to better understand and evaluate the road environment, so that more reliable and practical data support is provided for making more scientific and reasonable planning and design schemes.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the building a basic framework of a highway environment in the BIM software, and combining the obtained digitized information of the highway environment with the basic framework, the building a highway environment model includes:
S31: building a basic framework of a road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements of the road environment, wherein the basic elements comprise pavements, curbs and roadbeds;
s32: importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with a basic framework of the road environment, and establishing a road environment model;
s33: and (3) identifying and designing and evaluating the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: building a basic framework of the road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements such as the road surface, the curb, the roadbed and the like of the road environment, importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with the basic framework of the road environment, and building a road environment model; and the relevant designer identifies and designs and evaluates the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
The technical scheme has the effects that: the basic framework of the highway environment is built by using BIM software, so that engineers can be helped to more intuitively and comprehensively know basic elements of the highway environment, such as pavement, curbs, roadbeds and the like, optimize the highway design scheme and improve the road construction efficiency and quality. The digital information of the road environment is combined with the basic framework of the road environment, and a road environment model is established, so that panoramic display and simulation of the road environment can be realized, the change of the road environment and the future development trend can be predicted, and further, the road planning and design work can be guided. The road environment model is identified and designed and evaluated through BIM software, various factors including geographical environment, traffic flow, land utilization and the like can be comprehensively analyzed, the feasibility and sustainability of road construction are evaluated, unnecessary waste and loss are avoided, and the benefit and social effect of road construction are improved.
In one embodiment of the invention, a highway environment identification system based on a BIM building information model comprises:
the road environment information acquisition module: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey;
a digital information module: importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment;
the highway environment model building module: and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey; importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment; and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
The technical scheme has the effects that: by measuring and collecting the point cloud data of the road environment, more real and accurate road environment information can be obtained, and further, a more real and reliable road environment model is built in BIM software, so that a designer is helped to better perform design and planning work, and the accuracy and reliability of road design are improved; the digital information of the road environment is combined with the basic framework, a highly visual and vivid road environment model can be established, and the road environment can be visually presented, so that designers and other related parties can more intuitively know the condition of the road design, and the visual expressive force of the road design is enhanced; the efficiency and the accuracy of highway design can be improved, the design period and the cost are reduced, and the highway design is completed rapidly through the processing of the digital road environment information; by collecting and measuring road environment information, road environment conditions can be comprehensively known, accidents in the construction process are avoided, and the safety of road construction is improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the road environment information acquisition module includes:
the road condition information determining module: performing solid exploration on a road section needing road construction, and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil condition, landform characteristics, traffic flow, climate condition and environmental influence;
A measuring tool selection module: selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data;
the feature point extraction module: extracting the characteristics of the point cloud data of the acquired road information through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology to acquire characteristic points of the road environment information; the characteristic points in the specification comprise road boundaries, road marks, building outlines and traffic marks;
and a format conversion module: and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
The measurement tool selection module includes:
the road condition information analysis module: analyzing the road condition information to determine which road condition information belongs to;
a measurement tool determination module: selecting a corresponding measuring tool according to the types of road condition information, wherein road linearity is obtained through a laser scanner and a camera in combination with a GPS, road surface conditions are obtained through the laser scanner in combination with the camera, the laser radar, the GPS and a total station are used for measuring the landform characteristics, traffic flow is measured through the camera, and soil conditions are obtained through a soil detector; the road alignment comprises a road transverse slope H, a road width K and a transverse elevation G.
Wherein the calculation formula of the road cross slope H is H= (W) 2 -W 1 ) -1 *(V 2 -V 1 )，W 1 For y-axis coordinates when scanning along the outermost side of the road by the lidar, W 2 V for the y-axis coordinate when scanning along the innermost side of the road by the lidar 1 For x-axis coordinates when scanning along the outermost side of the road by the lidar, V 2 The x-axis coordinate when scanning along the innermost side of the road by a laser radar;
the calculation formula of the pavement width K is as follows: wherein K is 1 P is the distance between the first camera and the left line of the road to be measured 1 For the distance between the first camera and the second camera, t is the focal length of the first camera and the second camera, +.>For the distance between the imaging point of the first camera and the center point of the lens when observing the left line,/>K is the distance between the imaging point and the center point of the lens when the second camera observes the left line 2 Is a second camera and a channel to be measuredDistance of right line of road, +.>For the distance between the imaging point of the first camera and the center point of the lens when the right line is observed,/>D is the distance between an imaging point and the center point of the lens when the second camera observes the right line 1 D is the height of the first camera from the road surface to be measured 2 The height of the second camera from the road surface to be measured.
The calculation formula of the vertical section elevation G is Wherein V is 2 D is the x-axis coordinate when scanning along the innermost side of the road by the laser radar 3 For the height of the GPS receiving system from the road surface to be measured, P 2 Is the lateral distance between the second camera and the GPS receiving system.
The measurement implementation module: and measuring and implementing the road environment by using the selected measuring tool to acquire the point cloud data of the road information.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: performing solid exploration on a road section needing road construction, and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil condition, landform characteristics, traffic flow, climate condition and environmental influence; selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data; extracting the characteristics of the point cloud data of the acquired road information through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology to acquire characteristic points of the road environment information; and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
The technical scheme has the effects that: the road condition information of the road is determined by carrying out field exploration on the road section needing road construction and combining the regional map of the road, so that more detailed, accurate and comprehensive road environment information can be obtained, a more scientific and reasonable construction scheme can be formulated, the construction efficiency is improved, the construction cost is reduced and the construction risk is reduced. The point cloud data of the road information can be obtained by selecting the corresponding tool to measure the road environment information, so that a large amount of road environment information can be obtained very conveniently and rapidly, human errors possibly existing in the traditional measurement mode can be avoided, and the accuracy and the reliability of the data are improved. The point cloud data for acquiring the road information is subjected to feature extraction through computer vision and convolutional neural network technology, so that the data volume can be reduced, the processing efficiency and accuracy of the data can be further improved, the feature points of the road environment information are acquired, and more effective and convenient tool support is provided for subsequent road condition analysis, design and construction. The feature points of the road environment information are converted into the format supported by BIM software, so that data processing and analysis can be more conveniently and rapidly carried out, more convenient data sharing and integration can be realized, and the efficiency and accuracy of collaborative work are improved. The efficiency and the precision of road survey can be improved through the three formulas, and support and guarantee are provided for road construction. Wherein, the road cross slope can be used for evaluating the flatness and traffic safety of the road, the road width can be used for evaluating the traffic capacity and planning design of the road, and the elevation of the vertical section can be used for evaluating the longitudinal gradient and drainage condition of the road
In one embodiment of the present invention, the digitized information module includes:
and a data importing module: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software;
and a data processing module: the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data;
and a three-dimensional model generation module: BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information;
the digital information obtaining module: and obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software; the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data; for example, the point cloud data may be processed using a filtering algorithm and a segmentation algorithm, eliminating noise and duplicate information in the data. And the BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from the classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information. And obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
The technical scheme has the effects that: the feature points of the road environment information are converted and imported into BIM software, and the imported point cloud data are cleaned and processed, so that noise and repeated information in the data can be eliminated, the preprocessed data can be obtained, and more reliable and accurate data support is provided for subsequent data analysis and modeling. The method has the advantages that the cleaned and processed point cloud data are classified, geometric information extraction is carried out according to the classified point cloud data, the accuracy and the effectiveness of the data can be further improved, meanwhile, the digital information of the road environment can be conveniently obtained, and more powerful and accurate data support is provided for subsequent design, construction and operation management. The generated three-dimensional model can be used for more intuitively and comprehensively displaying and analyzing the road environment information, and can help engineers and designers to better understand and evaluate the road environment, so that more reliable and practical data support is provided for making more scientific and reasonable planning and design schemes.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the highway environment model building module includes:
basic frame builds the module: building a basic framework of a road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements of the road environment, wherein the basic elements comprise pavements, curbs and roadbeds;
Information and frame combination module: importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with a basic framework of the road environment, and establishing a road environment model;
feasibility scheme obtaining module: and (3) identifying and designing and evaluating the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: building a basic framework of the road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements such as the road surface, the curb, the roadbed and the like of the road environment, importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with the basic framework of the road environment, and building a road environment model; and the relevant designer identifies and designs and evaluates the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
The technical scheme has the effects that: the basic framework of the highway environment is built by using BIM software, so that engineers can be helped to more intuitively and comprehensively know basic elements of the highway environment, such as pavement, curbs, roadbeds and the like, optimize the highway design scheme and improve the road construction efficiency and quality. The digital information of the road environment is combined with the basic framework of the road environment, and a road environment model is established, so that panoramic display and simulation of the road environment can be realized, the change of the road environment and the future development trend can be predicted, and further, the road planning and design work can be guided. The road environment model is identified and designed and evaluated through BIM software, various factors including geographical environment, traffic flow, land utilization and the like can be comprehensively analyzed, the feasibility and sustainability of road construction are evaluated, unnecessary waste and loss are avoided, and the benefit and social effect of road construction are improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model, the method comprising:
s1: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey;
s2: importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment;
s3: and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
2. The method for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 1, wherein the measuring means is used for measuring the road environment information, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to the measurement result, wherein the measuring means includes a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil texture detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring includes a topography measurement, a soil texture measurement, a traffic condition measurement and a geological survey, and the method comprises:
s11: performing field exploration on a road section to be constructed and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil property condition, landform characteristics and traffic flow;
s12: selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data;
s13: the method comprises the steps of performing feature extraction on point cloud data of the obtained road information through computer vision and a convolutional neural network to obtain feature points of the road environment information;
S14: and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
3. The method for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 2, wherein the selecting the corresponding tool through the road condition information to measure the road environment information and obtain the point cloud data of the road information, the point cloud data including the topographic data, the geological data, the environmental data and the traffic data includes:
s121: analyzing the road condition information to determine which road condition information belongs to;
s122: selecting a corresponding measuring tool according to the types of road condition information, wherein road linearity is obtained through a laser scanner and a camera in combination with a GPS, road surface conditions are obtained through the laser scanner in combination with the camera, the laser radar, the GPS and a total station are used for measuring the landform characteristics, traffic flow is measured through the camera, and soil conditions are obtained through a soil detector;
s123: and measuring and implementing the road environment by using the selected measuring tool to acquire the point cloud data of the road information.
4. The method for identifying a road environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 1, wherein the importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into the BIM software, analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software, and obtaining the digitized information of the road environment includes:
S21: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software;
s22: the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data;
s23: BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information;
s24: and obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
5. The method for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 1, wherein the building a basic framework of the highway environment in the BIM software, and combining the obtained digitized information of the highway environment with the basic framework, and the building of the highway environment model includes:
s31: building a basic framework of a road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements of the road environment, wherein the basic elements comprise pavements, curbs and roadbeds;
s32: importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with a basic framework of the road environment, and establishing a road environment model;
S33: and (3) identifying and designing and evaluating the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
6. A system for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model, the system comprising:
the road environment information acquisition module: measuring road environment information through a measuring tool, and generating point cloud data of the road environment information according to a measuring result, wherein the measuring tool comprises a laser scanner, a camera, a total station, a GPS, a soil property detector and a geological survey instrument, and the measuring comprises topography measurement, soil property measurement, traffic condition measurement and geological survey;
a digital information module: importing the point cloud data of the road environment information generated according to the scanning result into BIM software, and analyzing and processing the point cloud data according to the BIM software to obtain digital information of the road environment;
the highway environment model building module: and building a basic framework of the road environment in BIM software, combining the obtained digital information of the road environment with the basic framework, and building a road environment model.
7. The system for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 6, wherein the road environment information obtaining module includes:
The road condition information determining module: performing field exploration on a road section to be constructed and determining road condition information of the road by combining an area map of the road, wherein the road condition information comprises road alignment, road surface condition, soil property condition, landform characteristics and traffic flow;
a measuring tool selection module: selecting a corresponding tool to measure road environment information through the road condition information, and acquiring point cloud data of the road information, wherein the point cloud data comprises topographic data, geological data, environment data and traffic data;
the feature point extraction module: the method comprises the steps of performing feature extraction on point cloud data of the obtained road information through computer vision and a convolutional neural network to obtain feature points of the road environment information;
and a format conversion module: and converting the characteristic points of the road environment information into a format supported by BIM software.
8. The system for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 6, wherein the measuring tool selection module includes:
the road condition information analysis module: analyzing the road condition information to determine which road condition information belongs to;
A measurement tool determination module: selecting a corresponding measuring tool according to the types of road condition information, wherein road linearity is obtained through a laser scanner and a camera in combination with a GPS, road surface conditions are obtained through the laser scanner in combination with the camera, the laser radar, the GPS and a total station are used for measuring the landform characteristics, traffic flow is measured through the camera, and soil conditions are obtained through a soil detector;
the measurement implementation module: and measuring and implementing the road environment by using the selected measuring tool to acquire the point cloud data of the road information.
9. The system for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 6, wherein the digital information module includes:
and a data importing module: converting the characteristic points of the road environment information and importing the characteristic points into BIM software;
and a data processing module: the BIM software cleans and processes the point cloud data imported into the BIM software, eliminates invalid data and noise points, and obtains preprocessed data;
and a three-dimensional model generation module: BIM software classifies the preprocessed information, extracts geometric information from classified point cloud data, and generates a three-dimensional model according to the extracted geometric information;
The digital information obtaining module: and obtaining the digital information of the road environment through the generated three-dimensional model.
10. The system for identifying a highway environment based on a BIM building information model according to claim 6, wherein the highway environment model building module includes:
basic frame builds the module: building a basic framework of a road environment by using BIM software according to basic elements of the road environment, wherein the basic elements comprise pavements, curbs and roadbeds;
information and frame combination module: importing the obtained digital information of the road environment, combining the digital information of the road environment with a basic framework of the road environment, and establishing a road environment model;
feasibility scheme obtaining module: and (3) identifying and designing and evaluating the road environment model through BIM software to obtain a feasible scheme of road construction.
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| CN117649584A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-03-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method, system, storage medium and equipment for evaluating capability of off-road vehicle |
| CN117649584B (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-05-10 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method, system, storage medium and equipment for evaluating capability of off-road vehicle |
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| CN117649584A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-03-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method, system, storage medium and equipment for evaluating capability of off-road vehicle |
| CN117649584B (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-05-10 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method, system, storage medium and equipment for evaluating capability of off-road vehicle |
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