CN116794833A - Optimal design method and device of optical directional coupler, medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Optimal design method and device of optical directional coupler, medium and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an optimal design method and device of an optical directional coupler, a medium and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of optical directional couplers. The method comprises the following steps: according to the required coupling coefficient, calculating the coupling length of the two optical directional couplers and the phase of the delay line by utilizing an optimal design formula, and forming a Mach-Zehnder interferometer by the two optical directional couplers and the delay line to form a 2X 2 directional coupler; the 2 x 2 directional coupler has a precise coupling coefficient and has a maximum flat bandwidth and process tolerance; and (3) calculating according to the calculation formulas of the coupling lengths of the 2X 2 optical directional coupler in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm, and obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler. The apparatus, medium, and electronic device can be used to implement the method. The calculation process of the structural parameters in the optimization design process of the optical directional coupler can be simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of optical directional couplers, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a medium, and an electronic device for optimally designing an optical directional coupler.
Background
An Optical Directional Coupler (ODC) with any desired coupling coefficient over a bandwidth of over 100nm is a critical device in filter designs using lattice structures. Due to the process sensitivity of ODC, the adjacent channel rejection ratio of the filter is very sensitive to process variations, and therefore it is difficult to achieve an adjacent channel rejection requirement exceeding 20 dB. The process sensitivity of ODC is manifested as sensitivity of narrow coupling bandwidth and coupling ratio. For a 4-channel filter with a channel spacing of 20nm, the ODC used in the design needs to have a bandwidth of at least 100nm and be able to precisely control the required coupling coefficients, while for an 8-channel CWDM filter even a bandwidth of 160-200 nm is required. This makes the design of ODCs more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an optimization design method, apparatus, medium and electronic device for an optical directional coupler, which can simplify the calculation process of structural parameters in the optimization design process of the optical directional coupler, so as to be more practical.
In order to achieve the first objective, the technical scheme of the method for optimally designing the optical directional coupler provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an optimal design method of an optical directional coupler, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the coupling length of two optical directional couplers and the phase of a delay line by using an optimal design formula according to the required coupling coefficient, wherein the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to jointly form a 2X 2 directional coupler, and the 2X 2 directional coupler has the accurate coupling coefficient, the maximum flat bandwidth and the maximum process tolerance;
and calculating according to the calculation formulas of the coupling lengths of the 2X 2 optical directional coupler in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm to obtain the optimized structural parameters of the optical directional coupler.
The optimization design method of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention can be further realized by adopting the following technical measures.
In order to achieve the second objective, the technical scheme of the optical directional coupler optimization design device provided by the invention is as follows:
preferably, according to the required coupling coefficient, the coupling length of the two optical directional couplers and the phase of the delay line are calculated by using an optimal design formula, the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the coupling ratio between the two optical directional couplers takes a value of 10% -90% in the process of forming a new 2×2 directional coupler together.
Preferably, in the step of obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two directions of the 2×2 optical directional coupler and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm, the operation formulas are as follows:
wherein ,
in the formula ,
in the S-Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the power coupling ratio between two optical directional couplers is 0< S <1;
p2-signal output value;
pin-signal input value;
l1 and L2 are the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers;
λc-center wavelength;
lc (λc) -relative to pi/2 coupling length;
le (λc) -end correction factor;
-coupling phase angles of coupling lengths L1, L2 of the two light directional couplers in both directions with respect to pi/2 coupling length Lc (λc);
the waveguide arms of the θ -two optical directional couplers are relatively phase delayed.
Preferably, in the step of obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two directions of the 2×2 optical directional coupler and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm, the operation method includes the following steps:
according to formula (1), letThe product can be obtained by the method,
wherein ,
thus there is
Carrying into (1) to obtain
And then obtain
in the formula ,
-any phase angle.
As a preferred alternative to this,
in the formula ,
delta-the relatively random phase around the center wavelength λc.
As a preferred alternative to this,
the formula (1) is changed to be,
order theObtaining
When delta.fwdarw.0 (10)
Using equations (5), (6) and (10) to obtainθ。
Preferably, the method for optimally designing the optical directional coupler further comprises the following steps:
and calculating the variation condition of the coupling ratio along with the process and the frequency according to the optimized optical directional coupler to obtain a verification result, wherein if the two optical directional couplers have the maximum flat bandwidth, the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers in two directions and the operation formulas of the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms are effective.
The invention provides an optimal design device of an optical directional coupler, which comprises the following components:
the invention provides an optimal design device of an optical directional coupler, which comprises the following components:
the optimization unit calculates the coupling length of the two optical directional couplers and the phase of the delay line by utilizing an optimization design formula according to the required coupling coefficient, and the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to form a 2X 2 directional coupler together; the 2 x 2 directional coupler has a precise coupling coefficient and has a maximum flat bandwidth and process tolerance;
and the operation unit is used for obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two directions of the two optical directional couplers and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm.
In order to achieve the third object, the technical solution of the present invention for a computer readable storage medium is as follows:
the computer readable storage medium provided by the invention stores an optimal design program of the optical directional coupler, and when the optimal design program of the optical directional coupler is executed, the steps of the optimal design method of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention are realized.
In order to achieve the fourth object, the technical scheme of the electronic device provided by the invention is as follows:
the electronic equipment provided by the invention comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is stored with an optimal design program of the optical directional coupler, and when the optimal design program of the optical directional coupler is executed by the processor, the steps of the optimal design method of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention are realized.
The optimal design method, the device, the medium and the electronic equipment of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention use the required coupling coefficient as an input parameter, then calculate the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms by using the proposed simple design formula, and the designed optical directional coupler automatically ensures the maximum flat bandwidth, thereby having the process tolerance under the condition of any required coupling ratio. The method, the device, the medium and the electronic equipment for optimally designing the optical directional coupler simplify the design process, provide further insight for the working mechanism of the coupler of the type and provide the design with optimized parameters. The optimization design method, the device, the medium and the electronic equipment of the optical directional coupler are used for designing a group of optical directional couplers with the coupling ratio of 10-90%, and simulation conducted by using parameters designed in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical directional coupler shows that the designed optical directional coupler has the maximum flat coupling ratio on a wider relative bandwidth, so that the effectiveness of the method is verified.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of an optimization design method of an optical directional coupler provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal flow direction relationship between each functional module in the optical directional coupler optimization design device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for optimizing the design of an optical directional coupler in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the coupling ratio and the relative bandwidth of an optical directional coupler designed by using the method for optimizing the design of the optical directional coupler according to the embodiment of the present invention when the validity is verified.
Detailed Description
In view of the above, the present invention provides an optimization design method, apparatus, medium and electronic device for an optical directional coupler, which can simplify the calculation process of structural parameters in the optimization design process of the optical directional coupler, so as to be more practical.
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following description refers to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the following detailed description refers to the method, the device, the medium and the electronic equipment for optimizing the design of the optical directional coupler according to the invention. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
The term "and/or" is herein merely an association relation describing an associated object, meaning that three relations may exist, e.g. a and/or B, specifically understood as: the composition may contain both a and B, and may contain a alone or B alone, and any of the above three cases may be provided.
Optimal design method of optical directional coupler
Referring to fig. 1, the method for optimizing the design of the optical directional coupler provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: calculating the coupling length of two optical directional couplers and the phase of a delay line by using an optimal design formula according to the required coupling coefficient, wherein the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to jointly form a 2X 2 directional coupler, and the 2X 2 directional coupler has the accurate coupling coefficient, the maximum flat bandwidth and the maximum process tolerance;
step S2: and calculating according to the calculation formulas of the coupling lengths of the 2X 2 optical directional coupler in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm to obtain the optimized structural parameters of the optical directional coupler.
The optimal design method of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention uses the required coupling coefficient as an input parameter, then uses the proposed simple design formula to calculate the coupling lengths of the two directions of the two optical directional couplers and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms, and the designed optical directional coupler automatically ensures the maximum flat bandwidth, thereby having the process tolerance under the condition of any required coupling ratio. The method for optimizing the design of the optical directional coupler simplifies the design process, provides further insight for the working mechanism of the coupler of the type, and provides the design with optimized parameters. The optimization design method of the optical directional coupler is used for designing a group of optical directional couplers with the coupling ratio of 10-90%, and simulation performed by using parameters designed in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical directional coupler shows that the designed optical directional coupler has the maximum flat coupling ratio on a wider relative bandwidth, so that the effectiveness of the method is verified.
And according to the required coupling coefficient, calculating the coupling length of the two optical directional couplers and the phase of the delay line by using an optimal design formula, wherein the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to jointly form a new 2X 2 directional coupler, and the coupling ratio between the two optical directional couplers is 10-90 percent in the step process.
Wherein, according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two directions of the 2 x 2 optical directional coupler and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm, in the step of obtaining the optimized structural parameters of the optical directional coupler, the operation formulas are as follows:
wherein ,
in the formula ,
in the S-Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the power coupling ratio between two optical directional couplers is 0< S <1;
p2-signal output value;
pin-signal input value;
l1 and L2 are the coupling lengths of the two light directional couplers in two directions;
λc-center wavelength;
lc (λc) -relative to pi/2 coupling length;
le (λc) -termination correction factor;
coupling lengths L1, L2 of two light directional couplers in two directions relative to pi/2 couplingThe coupling phase angle of length Lc (λc);
the waveguide arms of the θ -two optical directional couplers are relatively phase delayed.
Wherein, according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two directions of the 2 x 2 optical directional coupler and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm, the operation method comprises the following steps:
according to formula (1), letThe product can be obtained by the method,
wherein ,
thus there is
Carrying into (1) to obtain
And then obtain
in the formula ,
-any phase angle.
wherein ,
in the formula ,
delta-the relatively random phase around the center wavelength λc.
Lc (λc) and Le (λc) are sensitive to process variations in coupling gap, waveguide width, height, refractive index, etc., and thus are also sensitive to wavelength. Assume thatWherein δ is introduced as a relatively random phase around the center wavelength ac due to process variations. The goal is to find a set of design formulas that can design any desired coupling ratio S (0<S<1) Then find the optimal +.>And θ such that the desired coupling ratio S has process tolerance and wide bandwidth.
wherein ,
the formula (1) is changed to be,
order theObtaining
When delta.fwdarw.0 (10)
Using equations (5), (6) and (10) to obtainθ。
The optimal design method of the optical directional coupler further comprises the following steps:
and calculating the variation condition of the coupling ratio along with the process and the frequency according to the optimized optical directional coupler to obtain a verification result, wherein if the two optical directional couplers have the maximum flat bandwidth, the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers in the two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms are effective. Referring to fig. 4, simulation experiment results show that an optical directional coupler having any desired coupling ratio is designed to cover the entire range from 10% to 90% in a wide bandwidth.
Optimal design device of light directional coupler
Referring to fig. 2, an optical directional coupler optimization design device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the optimization unit calculates the coupling length of the two optical directional couplers and the phase of the delay line by utilizing an optimization design formula according to the required coupling coefficient, and the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to form a 2X 2 directional coupler together; the 2 x 2 directional coupler has a precise coupling coefficient and has a maximum flat bandwidth and process tolerance;
and the operation unit is used for obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two directions of the two optical directional couplers and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm.
The optimal design device of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention uses the required coupling coefficient as an input parameter, then uses the proposed simple design formula to calculate the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms, and the designed optical directional coupler automatically ensures the maximum flat bandwidth, thereby having the process tolerance under the condition of any required coupling ratio. The device for optimally designing the optical directional coupler simplifies the design process, provides further insight for the working mechanism of the coupler of the type, and provides the design with optimized parameters. The optimal design device of the optical directional coupler is used for designing a group of optical directional couplers with the coupling ratio of 10-90%, and simulation performed by using parameters designed in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical directional coupler shows that the designed optical directional coupler has the maximum flat coupling ratio on a wider relative bandwidth, so that the effectiveness of the method is verified.
Computer readable storage medium
The computer readable storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention stores the optimal design program of the optical directional coupler, and when the optimal design program of the optical directional coupler is executed, the steps of the optimal design method of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention are realized.
The optimal design computer readable storage medium of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention uses the required coupling coefficient as an input parameter, then uses the proposed simple design formula to calculate the coupling lengths of the two directions of the two optical directional couplers and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms, and the designed optical directional coupler automatically ensures the maximum flat bandwidth so as to have the process tolerance under any required coupling ratio. The optimally designed computer readable storage medium and electronic device of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention simplify the design process, and provide further insight for the working mechanism of the coupler of the type and design with optimized parameters. The optimal design computer readable storage medium of the optical directional coupler is used for designing a group of optical directional couplers with the coupling ratio of 10-90%, and simulation performed by using parameters designed in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical directional coupler shows that the designed optical directional coupler has the maximum flat coupling ratio on a wider relative bandwidth, so that the effectiveness of the method is verified.
Electronic equipment
The electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores an optimal design program of the optical directional coupler, and when the optimal design program of the optical directional coupler is executed by the processor, the steps of the optimal design method of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention are realized.
The optimal design electronic equipment of the optical directional coupler uses the required coupling coefficient as an input parameter, then uses the proposed simple design formula to calculate the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms, and the designed optical directional coupler automatically ensures the maximum flat bandwidth, thereby having the process tolerance under the condition of any required coupling ratio. The optimally designed electronic device of the optical directional coupler provided by the invention simplifies the design process, and provides further insight for the working mechanism of the coupler of the type and design with optimized parameters. The optimal design electronic equipment of the optical directional coupler is used for designing a group of optical directional couplers with the coupling ratio of 10-90%, and simulation performed by using parameters designed in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical directional coupler shows that the designed optical directional coupler has the maximum flat coupling ratio on a wider relative bandwidth, so that the effectiveness of the method is verified.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optimally designed device of an optical directional coupler in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the optical directional coupler optimizing design apparatus may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, a memory 1005. Wherein the communication bus 1002 is used to enable connected communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display, an input unit such as a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may further include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a WIreless interface (e.g., a WIreless-FIdelity (WI-FI) interface). The Memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) Memory or a stable nonvolatile Memory (NVM), such as a disk Memory. The memory 1005 may also optionally be a storage device separate from the processor 1001 described above.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 3 does not constitute a limitation of the optimally designed device of the optical directional coupler, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or may have a different arrangement of components.
As shown in fig. 3, an operating system, a data storage module, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an optimization design program of the optical directional coupler may be included in the memory 1005 as one type of storage medium.
In the optical directional coupler optimization design device shown in fig. 3, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with a network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with a user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the optical directional coupler optimization design device of the present invention may be disposed in the optical directional coupler optimization design device, and the optical directional coupler optimization design device invokes the optical directional coupler optimization design program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001, and executes the optical directional coupler optimization design method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The optimization design method of the optical directional coupler is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
calculating the coupling length of two optical directional couplers and the phase of a delay line by using an optimal design formula according to the required coupling coefficient, wherein the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to jointly form a 2X 2 directional coupler, and the 2X 2 directional coupler has the accurate coupling coefficient, the maximum flat bandwidth and the maximum process tolerance;
and calculating according to the calculation formulas of the coupling lengths of the 2X 2 optical directional coupler in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm to obtain the optimized structural parameters of the optical directional coupler.
2. The optimal design method of the optical directional coupler according to claim 1, wherein the optimal design formula is used to calculate the coupling length of the two optical directional couplers and the phase of the delay line according to the required coupling coefficient, the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form the mach-zehnder interferometer, and the coupling ratio between the two optical directional couplers takes a range of 10% -90% in the process of forming a new 2 x 2 directional coupler together.
3. The method for optimizing design of optical directional coupler according to claim 1, wherein in the step of obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the 2 x 2 optical directional coupler in two directions and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm, the operation formulas are as follows:
wherein ,
in the formula ,
in the S-Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the power coupling ratio between two optical directional couplers is 0< S <1;
p2-signal output value;
pin-signal input value;
l1 and L2 are the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers;
λc-center wavelength;
lc (λc) -relative to pi/2 coupling length;
le (λc) -end correction factor;
-coupling phase angles of coupling lengths L1, L2 of the two light directional couplers in both directions with respect to pi/2 coupling length Lc (λc);
the waveguide arms of the θ -two optical directional couplers are relatively phase delayed.
4. The method for optimizing design of optical directional coupler according to claim 3, wherein in the step of obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the 2 x 2 optical directional coupler in two directions and the relative phase delays of the waveguide arms, the operation method comprises the following steps:
according to formula (1), letThe product can be obtained by the method,
wherein ,
thus there is
Carrying into (1) to obtain
And then obtain
in the formula ,
-any phase angle.
5. The method for optimizing design of an optical directional coupler according to claim 3, wherein,
in the formula ,
delta-the relatively random phase around the center wavelength λc.
6. The method for optimizing design of an optical directional coupler according to claim 5, wherein,
the formula (1) is changed to be,
order theObtaining
Using equations (5), (6) and (10) to obtainθ。
7. The method for optimizing design of an optical directional coupler according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
and calculating the variation condition of the coupling ratio along with the process and the frequency according to the optimized optical directional coupler to obtain a verification result, wherein if the two optical directional couplers have the maximum flat bandwidth, the coupling lengths of the two optical directional couplers in two directions and the operation formulas of the relative phase delay of the waveguide arms are effective.
8. An apparatus for optimizing the design of an optical directional coupler, comprising:
the optimization unit calculates the coupling length of the two optical directional couplers and the phase of the delay line by utilizing an optimization design formula according to the required coupling coefficient, and the two optical directional couplers and the delay line form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to form a 2X 2 directional coupler together; the 2 x 2 directional coupler has a precise coupling coefficient and has a maximum flat bandwidth and process tolerance;
and the operation unit is used for obtaining the structural parameters of the optimized optical directional coupler according to the operation formulas of the coupling lengths of the two directions of the two optical directional couplers and the relative phase delay of the waveguide arm.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon an optimization design program for an optical directional coupler, and wherein the optimization design program for the optical directional coupler, when executed, implements the steps of the optimization design method for the optical directional coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory has stored thereon an optimization design program for an optical directional coupler, which when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the optimization design method for an optical directional coupler of any one of claims 1-7.
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