CN116794506B - Permanent magnet synchronous motor open-circuit fault detection method and system - Google Patents
Permanent magnet synchronous motor open-circuit fault detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit fault detection method and system, firstly, ilast, inew, im, iag, vac and opcount variables are constructed, phase current I data are collected and assigned to Inew, then im=ilast is calculated, inew is assigned to Ilast, symbol judgment is carried out on Im, if Im is less than or equal to 0, the opcount counter starts counting, if Im is more than 0, the opcount counter is cleared, then the threshold of the opcount is judged, sliding average value processing is carried out on Inew values synchronously, the average value of the Inew values is assigned to Iag, finally, the fault position is determined according to the assignment size of Iag, and the open circuit fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is completed; the invention realizes the functions of accurately judging the open circuit fault and definitely judging the open circuit fault point, can definitely distinguish the open circuit of the driving power device from the open circuit of the winding, does not carry out a large amount of complex operations and reduces the occupied memory, has simple structure and strong applicability, and is suitable for being widely popularized and used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor electric control, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor open-circuit fault detection method and system.
Background
The electric control power device and the winding can form an open circuit phenomenon through the influence of high-pressure high-temperature environment in the processes of initial debugging and later-period long-term operation of the motor and the electric control installation, so that the influence on the operation of the system is caused, and reasonable and reliable fault detection and accurate positioning have obvious practical significance on the safety and detection maintenance of the system.
At present, in the existing open-circuit fault detection process of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, more complex operation is carried out according to current, the occupied space of a logic algorithm, an operation array and the like is larger, and the detection is carried out according to the self-contained contact function of an external connector, although the means are simple, the application scene is not wide, only the open-circuit of the contact can be judged, and meanwhile, the detection of the voltage pwm in the operation process is more difficult; therefore, it is necessary to design a method and a system for detecting open-circuit faults of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor open-circuit fault detection method and system which have the functions of accurately judging open-circuit faults and definitely judging open-circuit fault points, can definitely distinguish open-circuit of a driving power device from open-circuit of a winding, and do not carry out a large amount of complex operation and reduce memory occupation, so as to better solve the technical problems of complex detection circuit, high detection cost and undefined positioning of motor open-circuit fault detection in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method and a system for detecting open-circuit faults of a permanent magnet synchronous motor comprise the following steps,
constructing Ilast, inew, im, iag and Vac and opcount variables, collecting phase current I data and assigning the phase current I data to Inew;
calculating im=ilast_Inew, and assigning Inew to Ilast;
step (C), symbol judgment is carried out on the Im, if the Im is less than or equal to 0, an opcount counter starts to count, and if the Im is more than 0, the opcount counter is cleared;
step (D), judging a threshold value of the opcount, synchronously carrying out sliding average value processing on the Inew value, and then giving an average value of the Inew value to the Iag;
and (E) determining a fault position according to the assigned value of the Iag, and completing fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit.
In the foregoing method for detecting an open circuit fault of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, step (a), ilast, inew, im, iag, vac and opcount variables are constructed, phase current I data are collected and assigned to Inew, wherein Ilast, inew, im, iag, vac and opcount variables are respectively a current value at the previous time, a current value at the present time, a current product, a current average value, a line voltage effective value and an open circuit judgment counter.
The foregoing method for detecting open circuit fault of permanent magnet synchronous motor includes the following steps (D), judging the threshold value of opcount, synchronously performing sliding average value processing on Inew value, assigning average value of Inew value to Iag,
step (D1), current values at the current moment are collected in real time, and a current average value is calculated through a sliding filter array and is assigned to Iag;
step (D2), judging a threshold value of the opcount, and if the value of the opcount is more than or equal to 1, determining an open circuit fault;
and (D3) determining whether an open circuit fault exists, if the open circuit fault exists, resetting the value of the opencount, if the open circuit fault exists, delaying the value of the openart to 2 after the value is set to 1, turning off pwm, collecting line voltage after the pwm is turned off, and calculating an effective value for Vac by processing the line voltage.
The step (E) of the method for detecting the open-circuit fault of the permanent magnet synchronous motor determines the fault position according to the assignment of Iag to finish the fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor open-circuit, and comprises the following specific steps of,
step (E1), if Iag is more than 0 and openphasesflag=1, the lower bridge arm has open circuit fault;
step (E2), if Iag is less than 0 and openphasesflag=2, the upper bridge arm has open circuit fault;
if iag=0, voltage detection is used to assist in fault discrimination (E3).
The step (E3) of the method for detecting open-circuit faults of permanent magnet synchronous motor specifically comprises the following steps,
step (E31), if iag=0, and according to the voltage feedback, and detecting the phase voltage openphasesflag=3, then the full bridge has an open circuit fault;
and (E32), if iag=0, feeding back according to the voltage, and detecting and judging that the phase voltage openphasesflag=4, then the winding has an open circuit fault.
The open-circuit fault detection system of the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a phase current I acquisition module, an Im calculation module, an Im symbol judgment module, an opcount threshold judgment module and a fault position determination module, wherein the phase current I acquisition module is used for constructing Ilast, inew, im, iag and Vac and opcount variables and acquiring phase current I data to be assigned to Inew;
the Im calculation module is used for calculating im=ilast_Inew, and assigning Inew to Ilast;
the Im symbol judgment module is used for performing symbol judgment on Im, if Im is less than or equal to 0, the opcount counter starts to count, and if Im is more than 0, the opcount counter is cleared;
the opcount threshold judgment module is used for judging the threshold of the opcount, synchronously carrying out sliding average value processing on the Inew value, and then giving the average value of the Inew value to Iag;
the fault position determining module is used for determining the fault position according to the value of Iag and completing the fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the open-circuit fault detection method and the open-circuit fault detection system for the permanent magnet synchronous motor adopt a plurality of variables, wherein the variables are subjected to sliding treatment, only the internal memory of the variables is occupied, no more difficult operation exists, only part of logic judgment exists, the method is simple and reliable, the fault point can be reliably judged through phase current and voltage detection, the use treatment of non-professional staff is supported, then the counter potential circuit is simply detected under the condition that a pwm is turned off only by adding the moment of a voltage detection link, the functions of accurately judging the open-circuit fault and definitely opening the fault point are effectively realized, the open-circuit of a driving power device and the open-circuit of a winding can be definitely distinguished, a large amount of complex operation is not performed, the internal memory occupation is reduced, and the system is simple in structure and strong in applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the detection and classification logic of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detection and classification process according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the winding open circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a full bridge open circuit schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an open circuit schematic of the upper leg of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic of the lower leg open circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method and system for detecting open-circuit faults of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of the invention comprise the following steps,
and (A) constructing Ilast, inew, im, iag, vac and opcount variables, collecting phase current I data and assigning the phase current I data to Inew, wherein the Ilast, inew, im, iag, vac and opcount variables are a current value at the upper moment, a current value at the moment, a current product, a current average value, a line voltage effective value and an open circuit judgment counter respectively.
Calculating im=ilast_Inew, and assigning Inew to Ilast;
step (C), symbol judgment is carried out on the Im, if the Im is less than or equal to 0, an opcount counter starts to count, and if the Im is more than 0, the opcount counter is cleared;
the analysis and summary of various operation conditions of the single-phase current are shown in table 1, and the analysis and summary show that the normal operation and various open-circuit fault phenomena are represented under the current detection; the invention comprises a fault detection part, a zero clearing number change judgment part and a fault detection part, wherein the fault detection part detects single-phase current according to real time, carries out zero clearing number change judgment on characteristic points represented by phase currents before and after a fault through a rolling calculation form result of the product of the current and the current, and confirms that an open circuit fault exists when the zero clearing number change phenomenon is continuous according to data; the invention comprises a fault classifying part, a fault point of the open-circuit fault is defined according to the characteristic points of the phase currents before and after the open-circuit fault and the rear-end voltage detecting part, and then the open-circuit condition of the winding and the power device can be effectively distinguished through comprehensive judgment.
TABLE 1 Single-phase current characteristic Classification Table at run time of the invention
Step (D), judging the threshold value of the opcount, synchronously carrying out sliding average value processing on the Inew value, and then giving the average value of the Inew value to Iag, which comprises the following specific steps,
step (D1), current values at the current moment are collected in real time, and a current average value is calculated through a sliding filter array and is assigned to Iag;
step (D2), judging a threshold value of the opcount, and if the value of the opcount is more than or equal to 1, determining an open circuit fault;
and (D3) determining whether an open circuit fault exists, if the open circuit fault exists, resetting the value of the opencount, if the open circuit fault exists, delaying the value of the openart to 2 after the value is set to 1, turning off pwm, collecting line voltage after the pwm is turned off, and calculating an effective value for Vac by processing the line voltage.
Determining a fault position according to the value of Iag to finish fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit, specifically comprising the following steps of,
step (E1), if Iag is more than 0 and openphasesflag=1, the lower bridge arm has open circuit fault;
step (E2), if Iag is less than 0 and openphasesflag=2, the upper bridge arm has open circuit fault;
if iag=0, then voltage detection is used to assist in fault discrimination, specifically as follows,
step (E31), if iag=0, and according to the voltage feedback, and detecting the phase voltage openphasesflag=3, then the full bridge has an open circuit fault;
and (E32), if iag=0, feeding back according to the voltage, and detecting and judging that the phase voltage openphasesflag=4, then the winding has an open circuit fault.
The open-circuit fault detection system of the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a phase current I acquisition module, an Im calculation module, an Im symbol judgment module, an opcount threshold judgment module and a fault position determination module, wherein the phase current I acquisition module is used for constructing Ilast, inew, im, iag and Vac and opcount variables and acquiring phase current I data to be assigned to Inew;
the Im calculation module is used for calculating im=ilast_Inew, and assigning Inew to Ilast;
the Im symbol judgment module is used for performing symbol judgment on Im, if Im is less than or equal to 0, the opcount counter starts to count, and if Im is more than 0, the opcount counter is cleared;
the opcount threshold judgment module is used for judging the threshold of the opcount, synchronously carrying out sliding average value processing on the Inew value, and then giving the average value of the Inew value to Iag;
the fault position determining module is used for determining the fault position according to the value of Iag and completing the fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit.
To better illustrate the effect of the present invention, one embodiment of the present invention is described below:
s1, according to the definition of the table 1, a current flow 0 number changing process occurs when no open circuit fault occurs, so that product processing is carried out on a current value and a last value for simplifying a processing mode, frequent positive and negative value trend judgment can be effectively avoided, and the number of times that the value is less than or equal to 0 near a zero crossing point in normal operation is less than 3 times as shown in the table 1.
S2, collecting phase current in real time, assigning the phase current to Inew, calculating im=Inew, assigning Inew value to Ilast after calculation is completed, judging current Im and zero value, performing value-added processing on a counter opcount when Im is smaller than or equal to 0, and performing zero clearing operation on the counter opcount when Im is larger than 0; and when detecting that the opcount meets 3 or more, judging that the phase has open circuit fault.
S3, after judging an open circuit fault through a counter, the fault classification part carries out delay processing on the pwm, accurately acquires an internal phase current value in a delay processing period and carries out mean value filtering processing so as to judge the positive and negative conditions of the current;
classifying open-circuit faults for the first time, and determining that Iag >0 is the open-circuit fault of the lower bridge arm when the phenomenon of fig. 5 occurs; when the phenomenon of fig. 6 occurs, iag <0 is determined as an open circuit fault of the upper bridge arm;
the open circuit fault is jumped for the second time, counter potential voltage in the motor deceleration process after the PWM driving signal is closed is collected under the current condition, and whether the voltage has clear open circuit of the second type is judged; when the phenomenon of fig. 3 occurs, iag=0, vac=0 is determined as a winding open fault; when the phenomenon of fig. 4 occurs, iag=0, vac=0 is determined as a full-bridge open circuit fault.
In summary, the method and the system for detecting the open-circuit fault of the permanent magnet synchronous motor firstly adopt a plurality of variables, but the operation is performed through sliding treatment, only the internal memory of the variables is occupied, no more difficult operation exists, only partial logic judgment exists, the method is simple and reliable, then the fault point can be reliably judged through phase current and voltage detection, the use and treatment of non-professional staff are supported, then the counter potential circuit is simply detected under the condition that the moment of a voltage detection link is increased to select the turn-off of the pwm, the functions of accurately judging the open-circuit fault and definitely judging the open-circuit fault point are effectively realized, the open-circuit of a driving power device and the open-circuit of a winding can be definitely distinguished, and meanwhile, a large number of complex operations and memory occupation reduction are not performed.
The foregoing has outlined and described the basic principles, features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit fault detection method is characterized in that: comprises the steps of,
constructing Ilast, inew, im, iag, vac and opcount variables, collecting phase current I data and assigning the phase current I data to Inew, wherein the Ilast, inew, im, iag, vac and opcount variables are a current value at the last moment, a current value at the current moment, a current product, a current average value, a line voltage effective value and an open circuit judgment counter respectively;
calculating im=ilast_Inew, and assigning Inew to Ilast;
step (C), symbol judgment is carried out on the Im, if the Im is less than or equal to 0, an opcount counter starts to count, and if the Im is more than 0, the opcount counter is cleared;
step (D), judging the threshold value of the opcount, synchronously carrying out sliding average value processing on the Inew value, and then giving the average value of the Inew value to Iag, which comprises the following specific steps,
step (D1), current values at the current moment are collected in real time, and a current average value is calculated through a sliding filter array and is assigned to Iag;
step (D2), judging a threshold value of the opcount, and if the value of the opcount is more than or equal to 1, determining an open circuit fault;
step (D3), determining whether an open circuit fault exists, if no fault exists, resetting the value of the opencount, if no fault exists, delaying the value of the openart to 2 after the value is set to 1, turning off pwm, collecting line voltage after the pwm is turned off, and calculating an effective value for Vac by line voltage processing;
step (E), determining a fault position according to the assigned value of Iag to finish fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit, wherein the specific steps are as follows,
step (E1), if Iag is more than 0 and openphasesflag=1, the lower bridge arm has open circuit fault;
step (E2), if Iag is less than 0 and openphasesflag=2, the upper bridge arm has open circuit fault;
if iag=0, then voltage detection is used to assist in fault discrimination, which is specifically as follows,
step (E31), if iag=0, and according to the voltage feedback, and detecting the phase voltage openphasesflag=3, then the full bridge has an open circuit fault;
and (E32), if iag=0, feeding back according to the voltage, and detecting and judging that the phase voltage openphasesflag=4, then the winding has an open circuit fault.
2. A permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit fault detection system, the system operating with the method of claim 1, characterized in that: the fault detection system comprises a phase current I acquisition module, an Im calculation module, an Im symbol judgment module, an opcount threshold judgment module and a fault position determination module, wherein the phase current I acquisition module is used for constructing Ilast, inew, im, iag and Vac and opcount variables and acquiring phase current I data to be assigned to Inew;
the Im calculation module is used for calculating im=ilast_Inew, and assigning Inew to Ilast;
the Im symbol judgment module is used for performing symbol judgment on Im, if Im is less than or equal to 0, the opcount counter starts to count, and if Im is more than 0, the opcount counter is cleared;
the opcount threshold judgment module is used for judging the threshold of the opcount, synchronously carrying out sliding average value processing on the Inew value, and then giving the average value of the Inew value to Iag;
the fault position determining module is used for determining the fault position according to the value of Iag and completing the fault detection operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor open circuit.
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