CN116794109A - Soil restoration monitoring system - Google Patents
Soil restoration monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116794109A CN116794109A CN202311078138.9A CN202311078138A CN116794109A CN 116794109 A CN116794109 A CN 116794109A CN 202311078138 A CN202311078138 A CN 202311078138A CN 116794109 A CN116794109 A CN 116794109A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005903 Manganese Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010027439 Metal poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002468 redox effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/045—Circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation and provides a soil remediation monitoring system, which comprises a main control unit, a wireless communication unit and a conductivity monitoring circuit, wherein the conductivity monitoring circuit comprises a first electrode J1, a second electrode J2, an excitation source circuit and a signal processing circuit, the first electrode J1 is connected with the excitation source circuit, the second electrode J2 is connected with the signal processing circuit, the signal processing circuit is connected with the main control unit, and the main control unit is connected with a cloud platform in a communication way by virtue of the wireless communication unit. Through the technical scheme, the problem that an excitation signal output by an excitation source in the related technology is unstable is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a soil remediation monitoring system.
Background
The biological slurry reactor is one system for transferring polluted soil to the biological reactor, mixing with water to form slurry, regulating pH, adding certain amount of nutritious matters and surfactant, bubbling air from the bottom to oxygenate, contacting microbe with pollutant to speed the degradation of pollutant, and filtering to dewater. The soil remediation monitoring system acts on the biological slurry reactor in the soil remediation integrated equipment, monitors the one set of monitoring system of mud index change of different reaction time periods, wherein, the conductivity is the important index that reflects soil nutrient, in the research content of physics, the soil conductivity can reflect the abundant information of soil quality and physical property, like: the salt content, the water content, the organic matter content, the texture structure, the porosity, the fertilizer content and the like of the soil are in corresponding change relation with the conductivity. Therefore, the conductivity monitoring of the slurry is particularly important in the soil remediation process, the existing slurry conductivity is mostly realized by an electrode monitoring method, an excitation signal is generated by an excitation source and is added to one electrode, the other electrode is used for monitoring an electric signal, the slurry conductivity is judged by monitoring the electric signal, and the precision of the slurry conductivity monitoring result is low due to the fact that the excitation signal output by the existing excitation source is unstable, so that the quality of the remediated soil cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a soil remediation monitoring system, which solves the problem of unstable excitation signals output by an excitation source in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the soil remediation monitoring system comprises a main control unit, a wireless communication unit and a conductivity monitoring circuit, wherein the conductivity monitoring circuit comprises a first electrode J1, a second electrode J2, an excitation source circuit and a signal processing circuit, the first electrode J1 is connected with the excitation source circuit, the second electrode J2 is connected with the signal processing circuit, the signal processing circuit is connected with the main control unit, the main control unit is in communication connection with a cloud platform by means of the wireless communication unit, the excitation source circuit comprises an operational amplifier U7, a resistor R27, a resistor R5, an operational amplifier U4, a switching tube Q1, an inductor L1, a diode D1, a capacitor C1, a diode D2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a first electrode J1,
the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 is connected with Vref reference voltage, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 is grounded through the resistor R27, the output end of the operational amplifier U7 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 through the resistor R5, the output end of the operational amplifier U7 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is used for being connected with a signal generating circuit, the output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected with the control end of the switching tube Q1, the first end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a 5V power supply through the inductor L1, the second end of the switching tube Q1 is grounded,
the first end of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is grounded through the capacitor C1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the diode D2, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the first electrode J1, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2 through the resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded, and the first end of the resistor R2 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 through the resistor R3.
Further, the conductivity monitoring circuit in the present invention further includes a not gate U1, a not gate U2, a not gate U3, and a not gate U5, wherein an input end of the not gate U1 is connected to an output end of the op-amp U4, an output end of the not gate U1 is connected to a first input end of the not gate U2, a second input end of the not gate U2 is connected to an output end of the not gate U3, an output end of the not gate U2 is connected to a first input end of the not gate U3, a second input end of the not gate U3 is connected to an output end of the op-amp U4, an output end of the not gate U2 is connected to an input end of the not gate U5, and an output end of the not gate U5 is connected to a control end of the switching tube Q1.
Further, the signal generating circuit in the invention comprises a waveform generator U6, wherein a power end of the waveform generator U6 is connected with a 5V power supply, a digital clock input end of the waveform generator U6 is connected with a first output end of the main control unit, a serial data input end of the waveform generator U6 is connected with a second output end of the main control unit, a serial clock input end of the waveform generator U6 is connected with a third output end of the main control unit, a control input end of the waveform generator U6 is connected with a fourth output end of the main control unit, and an output end of the waveform generator U6 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4.
Further, the signal processing circuit in the invention comprises a resistor R6, an operational amplifier U8, a resistor R7, an operational amplifier U9, a resistor R8 and a resistor R9, wherein a first end of the resistor R6 is connected with the second electrode J2, a second end of the resistor R6 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U8, an output end of the operational amplifier U8 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 through the resistor R7, a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 is grounded through the resistor R8, an output end of the operational amplifier U9 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 through the resistor R9, and an output end of the operational amplifier U9 is connected with a first input end of the main control unit.
Further, the invention also comprises an ORP monitoring circuit, which comprises an ORP sensor U11, a resistor R15, a resistor R17, an operational amplifier U10, a resistor R16, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, an operational amplifier U12 and a resistor R18, wherein a first end of the resistor R15 is connected with the first end of the ORP sensor U11, a second end of the ORP sensor U11 is grounded, a second end of the resistor R15 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U10, an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U10 is grounded through the resistor R17, an output end of the operational amplifier U10 is connected with an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U10 through the resistor R16, an output end of the operational amplifier U10 is connected with an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U12 through the resistor R19, an non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U12 is connected with a 2.5V reference voltage through the resistor R20, an input end of the operational amplifier U12 is connected with an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U12 through the resistor R21, and an output end of the operational amplifier U12 is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier U12 through the inverting end of the resistor R12.
Further, the invention also comprises a PH monitoring circuit, wherein the PH monitoring circuit comprises a PH sensor U13, a resistor R23, an operational amplifier U15, a resistor R24 and a resistor R25, the first end of the PH sensor U13 is connected with a 5V power supply, the second end of the PH sensor U13 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 through the resistor R23, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 is grounded through the resistor R24, the output end of the operational amplifier U15 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 through the resistor R25, and the output end of the operational amplifier U15 is connected with the third input end of the main control unit.
Further, the invention also comprises an automatic flushing control circuit, wherein the automatic flushing control circuit comprises a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a switching tube Q3 and a switching tube Q4, the control end of the switching tube Q3 is connected with the fifth output end of the main control unit through the resistor R13, the first end of the switching tube Q3 is connected with a 24V power supply, the second end of the switching tube Q3 is connected with the first end of the electromagnetic valve coil L1, the second end of the electromagnetic valve coil L2 is connected with the first end of the switching tube Q4, the control end of the switching tube Q4 is connected with the sixth output end of the main control unit through the resistor R14, and the second end of the switching tube Q4 is grounded.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the conductivity monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the value of the slurry conductivity in different reaction time periods, wherein the first electrode J1 and the second electrode J2 form a conductivity sensor, the conductivity sensor is arranged in slurry, the excitation source circuit is used for generating an excitation signal to be added to the first electrode J1, impurities in the slurry have conductivity, the excitation signal is transmitted to the second electrode J2, the voltage of the second electrode J2 is amplified by the signal processing circuit and then is sent to the main control unit, the main control unit judges the value of the slurry conductivity according to the voltage of the second electrode J2, meanwhile, the main control unit sends the monitoring result to the cloud platform through the wireless communication unit, and workers can remotely check the restoration condition of soil in the biological slurry reactor through the cloud platform.
The working principle of the excitation source circuit is as follows: the operational amplifier U7 forms a subtracter and is used for calculating the difference value between the voltage of the excitation signal and the Vref reference voltage, and the difference value is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4; the operational amplifier U4 forms a comparator, the signal generating circuit outputs triangular wave to the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U4, when the difference value is larger than the triangular wave voltage at a certain moment, the operational amplifier U4 outputs low level, when the difference value is smaller than the triangular wave voltage, the operational amplifier U4 outputs level, in this way, the output end of the operational amplifier U4 outputs pulse signals, the duty ratio of the pulse signals changes along with the change of the difference value, the pulse signals are sent to the control end of the switching tube Q1, the inductor L1, the diode D1, the capacitor C1 and the diode D2 form a boost circuit, when the pulse signals are high level, the switching tube Q1 is conducted, the 5V power supply stores energy for the inductor L1, meanwhile, the capacitor C1 begins to discharge, and the discharge voltage is sent to the first electrode J1 after passing through the diode D2; when the pulse signal becomes low level, the switching tube Q1 is turned off, the diode D1 is turned on, and the capacitor C1 is charged by the 5V power supply and the inductor L1 at the same time, so as to form a cycle, wherein the diode D1, the capacitor C1 and the diode D2 form a charge pump circuit, and the voltage is raised and then sent to the first electrode J1.
The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 form a voltage dividing circuit, the voltage of the excitation signal applied to the first electrode J1 is monitored, the voltage on the resistor R2 is taken as a sampling voltage and is added to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7, when the voltage of the excitation signal is larger, the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 is larger, and the output voltage of the operational amplifier U7 is reduced, so that the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is reduced, and as the triangular wave of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is stable, the duty ratio of the output pulse of the operational amplifier U4 is increased, the on time of the switching tube Q1 is prolonged, and the charging time of the capacitor C1 is shortened, so that the voltage of the excitation signal is reduced; similarly, when the voltage of the excitation signal is smaller, the voltage of the excitation signal can be increased through the arrangement of the operational amplifier U7, the operational amplifier U4 and the switching tube Q1, so that the voltage stability of the excitation signal is ensured.
Therefore, the invention can ensure that the excitation signal applied to the first electrode J1 is stable and unchanged, so that the voltage signal of the second electrode J2 can be more stable when being monitored, thereby improving the monitoring precision of the slurry conductivity and ensuring the quality of the restored soil.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conductivity monitoring circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a signal generating circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a signal processing circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an ORP monitoring circuit in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a PH monitor circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of an automatic flush control circuit in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a soil remediation monitoring system, including a main control unit, a wireless communication unit and a conductivity monitoring circuit, the conductivity monitoring circuit includes first electrode J1, second electrode J2, an excitation source circuit and a signal processing circuit, first electrode J1 connects the excitation source circuit, second electrode J2 connects the signal processing circuit, the main control unit is connected with cloud platform communication by means of the wireless communication unit, the excitation source circuit includes operational amplifier U7, resistance R27, resistance R5, operational amplifier U4, switching tube Q1, inductance L1, diode D1, electric capacity C1, diode D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 and first electrode J1, the homophase input of operational amplifier U7 connects the reference voltage, the inverting input of operational amplifier U7 connects the inverting input of operational amplifier U7 through resistance R5, the inverting input of operational amplifier U4 connects the inverting input of operational amplifier U4, the input of operational amplifier U4 connects the inverting input of the second end of operational amplifier circuit through resistance R1, the inverting input of switching tube Q1 connects the positive electrode 2, the inverting input of operational amplifier 2 is connected with the positive electrode 2 through the diode D1, the inverting input of the positive electrode 2 is connected with the positive electrode 2 of the first electrode Q1 through the diode D1, the inverting input of the positive electrode is connected with the positive electrode 2 of the diode D1.
In this embodiment, the conductivity monitoring circuit is configured to monitor the value of the conductivity of the slurry in different reaction time periods, where the first electrode J1 and the second electrode J2 form a conductivity sensor, and are simultaneously placed in the slurry, the excitation source circuit is configured to generate an excitation signal to be added to the first electrode J1, impurities in the slurry have conductivity, the excitation signal is transmitted to the second electrode J2, the voltage of the second electrode J2 is amplified by the signal processing circuit and then sent to the main control unit, and the main control unit determines the value of the conductivity of the slurry according to the voltage of the second electrode J2, and meanwhile, the main control unit sends the monitoring result to the cloud platform through the wireless communication unit, so that a worker can remotely check the repair condition of the soil in the biological slurry reactor through the cloud platform.
Specifically, the working principle of the excitation source circuit is as follows: the operational amplifier U7 forms a subtracter and is used for calculating the difference value between the voltage of the excitation signal and the Vref reference voltage, and the difference value is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4; the operational amplifier U4 forms a comparator, the signal generating circuit outputs triangular wave to the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U4, when the difference value is larger than the triangular wave voltage at a certain moment, the operational amplifier U4 outputs low level, when the difference value is smaller than the triangular wave voltage, the operational amplifier U4 outputs level, thus, the output end of the operational amplifier U4 outputs pulse signals, the duty ratio of the pulse signals changes along with the change of the difference value, when the excitation source circuit works normally, the operational amplifier U7 outputs 0, the operational amplifier U4 outputs pulse signals with 50% duty ratio, the pulse signals are sent to the control end of the switching tube Q1, the inductor L1, the diode D1, the capacitor C1 and the diode D2 form a boost circuit, when the pulse signals are high level, the switching tube Q1 is conducted, the 5V power supply stores energy for the inductor L1, meanwhile, the capacitor C1 starts discharging, and the discharging voltage is sent to the first electrode J1 after passing through the diode D2; when the pulse signal becomes low level, the switching tube Q1 is turned off, the diode D1 is turned on, and the capacitor C1 is charged by the 5V power supply and the inductor L1 at the same time, so as to form a cycle, wherein the diode D1, the capacitor C1 and the diode D2 form a charge pump circuit, and the voltage is raised and then sent to the first electrode J1.
The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 form a voltage dividing circuit, the voltage applied to the first electrode J1 is monitored, the voltage on the resistor R2 is taken as a sampling voltage and is added to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7, when the voltage of an excitation signal is larger, the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 is larger, the output voltage of the operational amplifier U7 is reduced, therefore, the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is reduced, and the triangular wave of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is stable and unchanged, so that the duty ratio of the output pulse of the operational amplifier U4 is increased, the on time of the switching tube Q1 is prolonged, and the charging time of the capacitor C1 is shortened, so that the output voltage is reduced; similarly, when the voltage of the excitation signal is smaller, the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 is reduced, and the output voltage of the operational amplifier U7 is increased, so that the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is increased, and the duty ratio of the output pulse of the operational amplifier U4 is reduced, the on time of the switching tube Q1 is shortened, and the charging time of the capacitor C1 is prolonged, so that the output voltage is increased. Therefore, in this embodiment, the excitation signal applied to the first electrode J1 can be ensured to be stable, so that the second electrode J2 can be more stable when monitoring the electric signal, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the slurry conductivity.
As shown in fig. 1, the conductivity monitoring circuit in this embodiment further includes an inverter U1, an inverter U2, an inverter U3, and an inverter U5, where an input end of the inverter U1 is connected to an output end of the op-amp U4, an output end of the inverter U1 is connected to a first input end of the inverter U2, a second input end of the inverter U2 is connected to an output end of the inverter U3, an output end of the inverter U2 is connected to a first input end of the inverter U3, a second input end of the inverter U3 is connected to an output end of the op-amp U4, an output end of the inverter U2 is connected to an input end of the inverter U5, and an output end of the inverter U5 is connected to a control end of the switching tube Q1.
In this embodiment, the pulse signal output by the op-amp U4 is easily affected by the interference signal, so that burrs are easily formed at the edge of the pulse signal, and the switching tube Q1 is triggered by mistake.
Therefore, in this embodiment, a shaping circuit is added between the output end of the op-amp U4 and the control end of the switching tube Q1, where the shaping circuit is composed of a nand gate U1, a nand gate U2, a nand gate U3 and a nor gate U5, where the nand gate U2 and the nand gate U3 form an RS trigger, and under the action of the nand gate U1, two input ends of the RS trigger are always in opposite states, so as to ensure that the pulse waveform output by the RS trigger is synchronous with the pulse waveform output by the op-amp U4, and the nor gate U5 forms an inverter to perform further shaping. The pulse signal passing through the shaping circuit becomes more stable, and the working performance of the circuit is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal generating circuit in this embodiment includes a waveform generator U6, a power supply end of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a 5V power supply, a digital clock input end (MCLK pin) of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a first output end of the main control unit, a serial data input end (SDATA pin) of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a second output end of the main control unit, a serial clock input end (SCLK pin) of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a third output end of the main control unit, a control input end (FSYNC pin) of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a fourth output end of the main control unit, and an output end of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the op amp U4.
The waveform generator U6 is configured to generate a triangular wave signal, in this embodiment, an AD9833 is used as the waveform generator U6, where the AD9833 is a low-power-consumption programmable waveform generator, and is connected to the main control unit through a 3-wire serial interface, so that the frequency of the triangular wave output by the waveform generator U6 can be changed according to practical application.
As shown in fig. 3, the signal processing circuit in this embodiment includes a resistor R6, an operational amplifier U8, a resistor R7, an operational amplifier U9, a resistor R8 and a resistor R9, where a first end of the resistor R6 is connected to the second electrode J2, a second end of the resistor R6 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U8, an output end of the operational amplifier U8 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 through the resistor R7, a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 is grounded through the resistor R8, an output end of the operational amplifier U9 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 through the resistor R9, and an output end of the operational amplifier U9 is connected to a first input end of the main control unit.
The direct current high voltage on the first electrode J1 is sent to mud, and the electric signal monitored by the second electrode J2 is very weak due to the fact that the mud resistivity is large, so that a signal processing circuit is required to amplify, the operational amplifier U8 forms a follower, the effectiveness of signal transmission is improved, the electric signal after the follower is sent to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9, the operational amplifier U9 forms an amplifying circuit, and finally the amplified signal is sent to the first input end of the main control unit.
The resistor R10, the capacitor C5, the capacitor C6 and the resistor R11 form a passive band-pass filter circuit, and the passive band-pass filter circuit is used for filtering high-frequency clutter and noise signals in signals and improving the monitoring precision of conductivity.
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment further includes an ORP monitoring circuit, where the ORP monitoring circuit includes an ORP sensor U11, a resistor R15, a resistor R17, an operational amplifier U10, a resistor R16, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, an operational amplifier U12, and a resistor R18, a first end of the resistor R15 is connected to the first end of the ORP sensor U11, a second end of the ORP sensor U11 is grounded, a second end of the resistor R15 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U10, an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U10 is grounded through the resistor R17, an output end of the operational amplifier U10 is connected to an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U10 through the resistor R16, an non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U12 is connected to a 2.5V reference voltage through the resistor R20, an non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U12 is grounded through the resistor R21, an output end of the operational amplifier U12 is connected to an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U12 through the resistor R18, and an output end of the operational amplifier U12 is connected to a second input end of the main control unit.
Besides conductivity, OPR (oxidation-reduction potential) is also a comprehensive indicator of the environmental conditions of the soil, and has long been used to characterize the relative extent of the oxidizing or reducing properties of the medium, and has important effects on the chemical and biological processes of the soil, as well as important parameters for understanding the nature and processes of the soil, with the addition of ORP monitoring circuitry in this example for monitoring the redox properties during soil remediation.
Specifically, the operating principle of the ORP monitoring circuit is: the ORP sensor U11 is used for monitoring the oxidation-reduction potential of slurry in the biological slurry reactor, the ORP sensor U11 outputs different electric signals according to the difference of the oxidation-reduction properties of the slurry, the electric signals output by the ORP sensor U11 are weak, the operational amplifier U10 forms a first amplifying circuit, the operational amplifier U12 forms a second amplifying circuit, the two-stage amplification can reduce the resistance of the operational amplifier feedback resistor and the input resistor, namely the resistance error of the resistor is reduced, the monitoring precision is improved, and finally the amplified electric signals are transmitted to the second input end of the main control unit.
The resistor R22 and the capacitor C9 form a low-pass filter circuit, so that the function of signal filtering is achieved, and the monitoring precision of the circuit is further improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment further includes a PH monitoring circuit, where the PH monitoring circuit includes a PH sensor U13, a resistor R23, an operational amplifier U15, a resistor R24, and a resistor R25, where a first end of the PH sensor U13 is connected to a 5V power supply, a second end of the PH sensor U13 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 through the resistor R23, an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 is grounded through the resistor R24, an output end of the operational amplifier U15 is connected to an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 through the resistor R25, and an output end of the operational amplifier U15 is connected to a third input end of the main control unit.
The pH value of the soil is reflected by the pH value of the soil, the soil acidification can lead to poor absorption of crop root systems, manganese poisoning, lack of calcium absorption and the like, and the soil acidification can lead to soil degradation; soil alkalization can lead to reduced availability of soil nutrients, benign development of unfavorable soil, activity of unfavorable soil microorganisms, and the like. Therefore, monitoring the pH of the slurry is particularly important in soil remediation processes.
Specifically, the operating principle of the PH monitoring circuit is as follows: the PH sensor U13 is used for monitoring the PH value of slurry and outputting different electric signals according to the PH value, the resistor R23 and the capacitor C10 form a filter circuit which is used for filtering high-frequency interference in the electric signals output by the PH sensor U13, the operational amplifier U15 forms an amplifying circuit which is used for amplifying the electric signals output by the PH sensor U13, and then the amplified electric signals are sent to the main control unit. The resistor R26 and the capacitor C11 form a low-pass filter circuit, and further filter interference signals in the signals.
As shown in fig. 6, the embodiment further includes an automatic flushing control circuit, where the automatic flushing control circuit includes a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a switching tube Q3, and a switching tube Q4, where a control end of the switching tube Q3 is connected to a fifth output end of the main control unit through the resistor R13, a first end of the switching tube Q3 is connected to a 24V power supply, a second end of the switching tube Q3 is connected to a first end of the solenoid valve coil L1, a second end of the solenoid valve coil L2 is connected to a first end of the switching tube Q4, a control end of the switching tube Q4 is connected to a sixth output end of the main control unit through the resistor R14, and a second end of the switching tube Q4 is grounded.
In this embodiment, when the soil is repaired, mud remains on the first electrode J1, the second electrode J2, the ORP sensor U11 and the PH sensor U13, and if the residual mud is not removed, the later use is affected, and the service life and accuracy of the sensor are affected for a long time. Therefore, the embodiment adds an automatic flushing control circuit, and when soil restoration is completed or the sensor is automatically cleaned according to set time.
When soil restoration is completed, the fifth output end of the main control unit outputs a low-level signal, the sixth output end of the main control unit outputs a PWM control signal, the switching tube Q3 is conducted, when the PWM control signal is high, the switching tube Q4 is conducted, the 24V power supply goes to the ground after passing through the switching tube Q3, the electromagnetic valve coil L2 and the switching tube Q4, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the water supply pipeline is connected, the sensor is automatically flushed after water passes through the electromagnetic valve, after flushing is completed, the fifth output end of the main control unit outputs a high-level signal, the sixth output end of the main control unit stops outputting the PWM control signal, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4 are both cut off, and the electromagnetic valve is closed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The soil remediation monitoring system is characterized by comprising a main control unit, a wireless communication unit and a conductivity monitoring circuit, wherein the conductivity monitoring circuit comprises a first electrode J1, a second electrode J2, an excitation source circuit and a signal processing circuit, the first electrode J1 is connected with the excitation source circuit, the second electrode J2 is connected with the signal processing circuit, the signal processing circuit is connected with the main control unit, the main control unit is in communication connection with a cloud platform by virtue of the wireless communication unit, the excitation source circuit comprises an operational amplifier U7, a resistor R27, a resistor R5, an operational amplifier U4, a switching tube Q1, an inductor L1, a diode D1, a capacitor C1, a diode D2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a first electrode J1,
the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 is connected with Vref reference voltage, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 is grounded through the resistor R27, the output end of the operational amplifier U7 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 through the resistor R5, the output end of the operational amplifier U7 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is used for being connected with a signal generating circuit, the output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected with the control end of the switching tube Q1, the first end of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a 5V power supply through the inductor L1, the second end of the switching tube Q1 is grounded,
the first end of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is grounded through the capacitor C1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the diode D2, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the first electrode J1, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2 through the resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded, and the first end of the resistor R2 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U7 through the resistor R3.
2. The soil remediation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the conductivity monitoring circuit further comprises a not gate U1, a not gate U2, a not gate U3 and a not gate U5, wherein an input end of the not gate U1 is connected to an output end of the op-amp U4, an output end of the not gate U1 is connected to a first input end of the not gate U2, a second input end of the not gate U2 is connected to an output end of the not gate U3, an output end of the not gate U2 is connected to a first input end of the not gate U3, a second input end of the not gate U3 is connected to an output end of the op-amp U4, an output end of the not gate U2 is connected to an input end of the not gate U5, and an output end of the not gate U5 is connected to a control end of the switching tube Q1.
3. The soil remediation monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the signal generating circuit includes a waveform generator U6, a power supply terminal of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a 5V power supply, a digital clock input terminal of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a first output terminal of the main control unit, a serial data input terminal of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a second output terminal of the main control unit, a serial clock input terminal of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a third output terminal of the main control unit, a control input terminal of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a fourth output terminal of the main control unit, and an output terminal of the waveform generator U6 is connected to a non-inverting input terminal of the op amp U4.
4. The soil remediation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the signal processing circuit comprises a resistor R6, an operational amplifier U8, a resistor R7, an operational amplifier U9, a resistor R8 and a resistor R9, wherein a first end of the resistor R6 is connected with the second electrode J2, a second end of the resistor R6 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U8, an output end of the operational amplifier U8 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 through the resistor R7, a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 is grounded through the resistor R8, an output end of the operational amplifier U9 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9 through the resistor R9, and an output end of the operational amplifier U9 is connected with a first input end of the main control unit.
5. The soil remediation monitoring system of claim 1 further comprising an ORP monitoring circuit, wherein the ORP monitoring circuit comprises an ORP sensor U11, a resistor R15, a resistor R17, an op-amp U10, a resistor R16, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, an op-amp U12, and a resistor R18, wherein a first end of the resistor R15 is connected to the first end of the ORP sensor U11, a second end of the ORP sensor U11 is grounded, a second end of the resistor R15 is connected to a non-inverting input of the op-amp U10, an inverting input of the op-amp U10 is grounded through the resistor R17, an output of the op-amp U10 is connected to a non-inverting input of the op-amp U10 through the resistor R19, a non-inverting input of the op-amp U12 is connected to a 2.5V reference voltage through the resistor R20, and an inverting input of the op-amp U12 is connected to the inverting input of the op-amp U12 through the resistor R16.
6. The soil remediation monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a PH monitoring circuit, wherein the PH monitoring circuit comprises a PH sensor U13, a resistor R23, an operational amplifier U15, a resistor R24 and a resistor R25, wherein a first end of the PH sensor U13 is connected with a 5V power supply, a second end of the PH sensor U13 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 through the resistor R23, an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 is grounded through the resistor R24, an output end of the operational amplifier U15 is connected with an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U15 through the resistor R25, and an output end of the operational amplifier U15 is connected with a third input end of the main control unit.
7. The soil remediation monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising an automatic flushing control circuit, wherein the automatic flushing control circuit comprises a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a switching tube Q3 and a switching tube Q4, a control end of the switching tube Q3 is connected with a fifth output end of the main control unit through the resistor R13, a first end of the switching tube Q3 is connected with a 24V power supply, a second end of the switching tube Q3 is connected with a first end of a solenoid valve coil L1, a second end of the solenoid valve coil L2 is connected with a first end of the switching tube Q4, a control end of the switching tube Q4 is connected with a sixth output end of the main control unit through the resistor R14, and a second end of the switching tube Q4 is grounded.
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