CN116793907A - Multidirectional diffraction scattering type particle size analyzer and particle detection method - Google Patents
Multidirectional diffraction scattering type particle size analyzer and particle detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116793907A CN116793907A CN202210262290.1A CN202210262290A CN116793907A CN 116793907 A CN116793907 A CN 116793907A CN 202210262290 A CN202210262290 A CN 202210262290A CN 116793907 A CN116793907 A CN 116793907A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005653 Brownian motion process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011496 digital image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a multidirectional diffraction scattering type particle size analyzer and a particle detection method, comprising a sample cell, photoelectric sensing plates, laser transmitters, a filtering beam expander and an information processing component, wherein the photoelectric sensing plates are arranged on the periphery of the sample cell; the sample cell is a transparent piece. The photoelectric sensing plate is arranged at the periphery of the sample cell, and the liquid to be detected is subjected to laser detection from different angles and different heights, so that the particle size measurement range is enlarged, the liquid to be detected can be detected at one time after being fully stirred, the situation that the collision particle size of particles is reduced due to repeated stirring is avoided, the operation is simple, and the particle measurement precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical measuring instruments and equipment, in particular to a multidirectional diffraction scattering particle size analyzer and a particle detection method.
Background
The shape parameter of the particles is the most important parameter among the geometric parameters of the particles, and has wide application in a plurality of fields. For example, in the production of ceramic products, it is necessary to test ceramic slurries using a laser particle sizer. The particle size of the ceramic slurry directly affects the properties of the final product. The particle detection methods commonly used at present are as follows: recently developed methods such as sieving, microscopy, sedimentation, and electroinduction include laser methods, computer image analysis techniques, and particle size measurement methods based on brownian motion of particles.
The sieving method is one of the longest histories and the most popular methods in particle size measurement. The specific procedure is to use a standard set of sieves such as hole diameter (mm): 20. 10, 5.0, 2.0, l.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.1 and 0.075, according to the particle size and distribution range of the tested sample, stacking sieves with different sieve holes, sieving, collecting the rest of each sieve, and weighing to obtain the particle size distribution of the tested sample by weight. And pouring 200g of the dried and dispersed representative sample into a standard sieve for shaking, then respectively weighing out the soil weight remained on each sieve, and calculating the relative content of each grain group to obtain the grain composition of the soil. The particle sample is passed through a series of standard sieves (i.e. sieve series) having different sieve pore diameters, separated into a plurality of fractions, weighed separately and then the particle size distribution expressed in mass fraction is determined.
The sieving method has the advantages of low cost and easy use. The disadvantage is that the measurement accuracy is not high; it is difficult to measure dry powders smaller than 400 mesh (38 μm); the longer the measurement time is, the larger the influence of destroying the particle size distribution in the measurement process is, the smaller the measurement result is, and some strange results are obtained when the needle-shaped sample is measured; the jet or emulsion cannot be measured; it is difficult to give a detailed particle size distribution and the results are greatly affected by human factors.
The microscopic method is to coat a sample on a glass slide, and directly observe and measure a plane projection image of the particles by adopting an imaging method, so as to measure the particle size of the particles. The projected area of the particles can be measured one by one to determine the particle size of the particles in a range of 150 to 0.4 μm, and the lower limit particle size of the electron microscope can be 0.001 μm or less.
The microscopic method has the advantages of reducing human observation errors and improving the test speed; the disadvantage is the high price, the complex preparation of the sample and the long measurement time, if only the particle size of the particles is tested, the method is generally not used.
The sedimentation method, the electric induction method and the like have certain advantages and disadvantages, and the method for measuring the shape parameters of the particles is a laser method at present.
The laser method is based on the principle that: after the laser irradiates the particles, the particles can generate diffraction or scattering phenomenon, the angle of scattered light caused by large particles is small, and the angle between the scattered light and the axis is larger as the particles are smaller, so that the size of the particles is estimated according to the angle of the scattered light, and the size of the particles with different diameters is estimated according to the intensity of the scattered light at different scattering angles.
However, when the laser method is adopted at present, laser is emitted from only one azimuth, the scattering and diffraction results show that the particle distribution components of the laser entering the layer are greatly influenced, the result is easy to have contingency, the precision is low, and multiple measurements are often required, and when the multiple measurements are carried out, molecules between objects to be measured collide, result deviation is easy to be caused, and the multiple measurements are time-consuming and labor-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle size analyzer, which is used for solving the problems of the prior art that the particle size is greatly affected by the distribution of particles entering a layer by laser in the process of detecting the particle size by a single laser, and the result is accidental and low in precision.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle size analyzer, which comprises a sample cell, a photoelectric sensing plate, a laser emitter, a filtering beam expander and an information processing component, wherein the photoelectric sensing plate is arranged at the periphery of the sample cell, the filtering beam expander is arranged in at least two through holes formed in the photoelectric sensing plate, the laser emitters are correspondingly arranged at the outer sides of the filtering beam expander, and the information processing component is in communication connection with the photoelectric sensing plate; the sample cell is a transparent piece.
Preferably, the sample cell is a cylinder, the photoelectric sensing plate is a cylinder, and the diameter of the photoelectric sensing plate is larger than that of the sample cell.
Preferably, at least two of the filter beam expanders are disposed at different heights of the photo sensor plate.
The invention also provides a novel detection method of sediment particles, which adopts the multidirectional diffraction scattering particle sizer and comprises the following specific steps:
s1: placing at least two laser transmitters on the outer side of the filtering beam expander, wherein the laser transmitters are opposite to the filtering beam expander;
s2: adding liquid to be detected into the sample pool and fully stirring;
s3: opening the laser transmitter, and irradiating laser emitted by the laser transmitter into the liquid to be detected through a filtering beam expander;
s4: the laser is blocked by particles in the liquid to be detected, scattering phenomenon occurs, and the scattered laser mutually interfere to form a diffraction spectrum and strike on the photoelectric sensing plate;
s5: the scattered laser is imaged on the photoelectric sensing plate by the photoelectric sensing plate to perform photoelectric conversion, and particle analysis and detection are performed on the liquid to be detected in multiple directions according to the position of the optical signal and the intensity of the electric signal.
As described above, the multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle size analyzer and the particle detection method according to the present invention have the following advantages:
according to the multidirectional diffraction scattering particle size analyzer and the particle detection method, the photoelectric sensing plate is arranged on the periphery of the sample cell, at least two laser emitters are arranged, laser detection is carried out on liquid to be detected from different angles and different heights, the particle size measurement range is enlarged, after the liquid to be detected is fully stirred, a plurality of laser emitters emit simultaneously, the particle distribution of different layers of the liquid to be detected can be detected, the situation that collision particle size is reduced due to repeated stirring is avoided, the operation is simple, and the particle detection precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle sizer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a multi-aspect diffraction scattering particle sizer of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a photoelectric sensing plate; 2. a sample cell; 201. a liquid to be measured; 3. a laser emitter; 4. a filtering beam expander; 5. incident laser; 6. a beam-expanding laser; 7. scattering the laser light.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are not intended to be critical to the essential characteristics of the invention, but are otherwise, required to achieve the objective and effect taught by the invention. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle size analyzer, which comprises a sample cell 2, a photoelectric sensing plate 1, at least two laser transmitters 3, a filtering beam expander 4 and an information processing component, wherein the photoelectric sensing plate 1 is arranged at the periphery of the sample cell 2, the filtering beam expander 4 is clamped in through holes formed in the photoelectric sensing plate 1, the number of the filtering beam expander 4 is the same as that of the laser transmitters 3, the at least two laser transmitters 3 are arranged at the outer sides of the filtering beam expander 4, and the information processing component is in communication connection with the photoelectric sensing plate 1; the sample cell 2 is a transparent member.
The invention relates to a multidirectional diffraction scattering particle size analyzer, which adopts a laser emitter 3 to emit laser to a sample cell 2, the laser passes through a liquid 201 to be detected in the sample cell 2, if particles exist in the liquid 201 to be detected in a path of the laser passing through, the particles in the liquid 201 to be detected scatter the laser, an included angle is formed between the particles and a running path of the laser during laser scattering, and the larger the particles are, the smaller the included angle is; the smaller the particles, the larger the included angle; the scattered light beam is beaten on the photoelectric sensing plate 1, the photoelectric sensing plate 1 converts an optical signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the information processing component, and the information processing component analyzes the angle between the scattered light and the laser running path and the intensity of the scattered light according to whether current pulses and the intensity of the current pulses appear everywhere on the photoelectric sensing plate 1, so that the size range of the particles and the content of the particles with the size are determined.
According to the multidirectional diffraction scattering type particle size analyzer, the laser detection is carried out on the liquid 201 to be detected in all directions by arranging the plurality of laser transmitters 3, the detection of the liquid 201 to be detected can be completed only once, the measurement accuracy is high, the measurement range of the particle size is greatly expanded, the analyzer is suitable for different particle size distributions, and the particle measurement accuracy is improved.
Further, in this embodiment, the photoelectric sensor board 1 is formed by combining a plurality of groups of photoelectric sensors and an annular supporting frame, the plurality of groups of photoelectric sensors are fastened on the annular supporting frame through a binding belt, and the plurality of groups of photoelectric sensors are connected through cables and used for realizing the function of detecting scattered light beams in all directions. In order to ensure the precision of the detection granularity, a plurality of groups of photoelectric sensors are paved on the inner wall of the annular supporting frame, and scattered light beams can be completely collected and detected. In other embodiments, the photosensors may also be empirically positioned only at the edge of the scattered beam, but with accuracy errors.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sample cell 2 is a cylinder, the photoelectric sensing plate 1 is a cylinder, and the diameter of the photoelectric sensing plate 1 is larger than that of the sample cell 2. In this embodiment, the sample cell 2 is a transparent cylinder, and can be effectively used for passing a laser beam, the photoelectric sensing plate 1 surrounds the outer side of the sample cell 2, the inner wall (the surface facing the sample cell 2) of the photoelectric sensing plate 1 can convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, the electrical signal is transmitted to the information processing component through an optical cable, a signal wire and the like, and the information processing component can analyze whether current pulses exist everywhere on the photoelectric sensing plate 1 and the sizes of the current pulses. The information processing component can be an external computer.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, at least two filter beam expanders 4 are arranged at different heights of the photoelectric sensor board 1. Further, in the present embodiment, the number of the filter beam expander 4 and the laser transmitter 3 is four, and in other embodiments, the number of the filter beam expander 4 and the laser transmitter 3 is three to six. As shown in fig. 1, four laser transmitters 3 equally divide the sample cell 2 in the height direction, so that liquids 201 to be detected in different layers in the sample cell 2 can be detected; as shown in fig. 3, the sample cell 2 is equally divided in the circumferential direction by four laser transmitters 3, the angular intervals of the four laser transmitters 3 are 90 degrees, and the liquid 201 to be detected in the sample cells 2 in different directions can be detected. Therefore, the laser transmitters 3 with different heights and different directions can detect the liquid 201 to be detected in all directions, and the detection effect is accurate.
Further, the filtering beam expander 4 in this embodiment adopts a kepler beam expander, and the filtering beam expander 4 has a function of spatial filtering. The filter beam expander 4 is used for filtering the incident laser 5 to leave the beam expander 6 with a proper wavelength, and simultaneously performing high-magnification expansion on the incident laser 5, so that the beam expander 6 can pass through the liquid 201 to be measured in the layer in all directions. In the present embodiment, the wavelength of the beam-expanding laser light 6 is between 0.4 μm and 0.9 μm; the diameter of the incident laser 5 is 2mm, and after the beam is expanded by the filter beam expander 4, the diameter of the beam expander 6 is 10mm.
The invention also provides a novel detection method of sediment particles, which adopts the multidirectional diffraction scattering particle sizer and comprises the following specific steps:
a1: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, four filtering beam expanders 4 are respectively arranged on the photoelectric sensing plate 1, wherein the circumferential angular interval between the four filtering beam expanders 4 is 90 degrees, and the horizontal line where the four filtering beam expanders 4 are positioned divides the sample cell 2 into four equal parts;
a2: as shown in fig. 2 and 3, four laser transmitters 3 are fixed on the outer sides of four filtering beam expanders 4, and the horizontal central lines of the laser transmitters 3 and the filtering beam expanders 4 are overlapped;
a3: as shown in fig. 2, a liquid 201 to be measured is poured into the sample cell 2, and is fully stirred by a glass rod;
a4: as shown in fig. 3, after the stirring is fully performed, four laser transmitters 3 are immediately turned on, the laser transmitters 3 transmit laser to a filtering beam expander 4, and after the incident laser 5 is subjected to spatial filtering and high-magnification beam expansion by the filtering beam expander 4, a plurality of parallel beam expansion lasers 6 are generated, and the beam expansion lasers 6 enter the liquid 201 to be measured;
a5: as shown in fig. 3, when the beam expanding laser 6 encounters a particle in the liquid 201 to be detected, scattering laser 7 forms an included angle with the running path of the beam expanding laser 6, and a plurality of scattering lasers 7 interfere with each other to form a diffraction spectrum, and the diffraction spectrum is printed on the photoelectric sensing plate 1;
a6: the photoelectric sensing plate 1 performs photoelectric conversion on the diffraction spectrogram, converts an optical signal into an electric signal, and transmits the electric signal to the information processing component through a cable, a signal wire and the like;
a7: as shown in fig. 3, scattering laser 7 of particles with different sizes is hit on the photoelectric sensing plate 1 at different positions, and the included angle between the scattering laser 7 and the laser running path is small for particles with large sizes; particles with small size have a large included angle between the scattered laser 7 and a laser running path, so that the scattered laser 7 is subjected to photoelectric conversion at the position on the photoelectric sensing plate 1 and has a circuit pulse signal, and the stronger the light, the stronger the circuit pulse signal;
a8: the information processing component determines the particle size and the particle content of the laser emitter 3 in the layer of the sample cell 2 according to the position of the photoelectric sensing plate 1 where the circuit pulse signal appears and the strength of the electric pulse signal at the position; the four laser transmitters 3 can carry out all-round particle analysis and detection on each layer of the sample cell 2, and all carry out analysis and output results through the information processing component.
According to the multidirectional diffraction scattering type particle size meter and the particle detection method, the plurality of laser transmitters 3 are arranged on the equal-angle line of the sample cell 2 in the height direction and on the equal-angle line of the sample cell 2 in the circumferential direction, the particle size of all layers of the sample cell 2 can be detected, the measurement range of the particle size is expanded, the plurality of laser transmitters 3 emit laser at the same time, the liquid 201 to be measured can be measured at one time, repeated measurement is not needed for a plurality of times, stirring of the liquid 201 to be measured is not needed before repeated measurement, the phenomenon that particles collide and error occurs due to stirring is avoided, and the measurement accuracy is high.
Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (4)
1. A multidirectional diffraction scattering particle size analyzer is characterized in that: the photoelectric detection device comprises a sample cell (2), photoelectric sensing plates (1), laser transmitters (3), a filtering beam expander (4) and an information processing component, wherein the photoelectric sensing plates (1) are arranged on the periphery of the sample cell (2), the filtering beam expander (4) are arranged in through holes formed in the photoelectric sensing plates (1), the number of the laser transmitters (3) is at least two and are correspondingly arranged on the outer sides of the filtering beam expander (4), and the information processing component is in communication connection with the photoelectric sensing plates (1); the sample cell (2) is a transparent piece.
2. The multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle size analyzer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sample cell (2) is a cylinder, the photoelectric sensing plate (1) is a cylinder, and the diameter of the photoelectric sensing plate (1) is larger than that of the sample cell (2).
3. The multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle size analyzer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least two filtering beam expanders (4) are arranged at different heights of the photoelectric sensing plate (1).
4. A novel detection method of sediment particles is characterized in that: use of a multi-azimuth diffraction scattering particle sizer according to any of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
s1: the laser transmitter (3) is arranged at the outer side of the filtering beam expander (4), and the laser transmitter (3) is opposite to the filtering beam expander (4);
s2: adding liquid (201) to be detected into the sample tank (2) and fully stirring;
s3: opening the laser emitter (3), wherein laser emitted by the laser emitter (3) irradiates in the liquid (201) to be detected through the filtering beam expander (4);
s4: the laser is blocked by particles in the liquid (201) to be detected, scattering phenomenon occurs, and the scattered laser (7) interfere with each other to form a diffraction spectrum, and the diffraction spectrum is beaten on the photoelectric sensing plate (1);
s5: the scattered laser is imaged on the photoelectric sensing plate (1) by the photoelectric sensing plate (1) for photoelectric conversion, and particle analysis and detection are carried out on the liquid (201) to be detected in multiple directions according to the position of the optical signal and the intensity of the electric signal.
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