CN116793904A - On-line monitoring system and method for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles - Google Patents
On-line monitoring system and method for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 234
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001073 sample cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 8
- 101150038956 cup-4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002444 silanisation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/42—Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/96—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation using ion-exchange
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line monitoring system and method for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles, which comprises the steps that after an air sample passes through a cyclone separator, aerosol large particles are removed, then the sample enters a rotary annular wet diffusion tube, and is pumped by a micropulse pump to be sent into ion chromatography for analysis. According to the invention, the liquid level of the absorption liquid is kept in a fixed height range by installing the liquid level keeping device of the diffusion pipe, so that the performance of the diffusion pipe is more stable, the quantitative vapor generating device is installed, vapor can be automatically generated according to a set flow rate, the vapor pressure is monitored and the heating temperature is adjusted in real time while the vapor is completely gasified, the three-stage gas cooling device is installed, the gas is cooled, the sample is collected, the temperature of the gas is further reduced, and each group of sampling bottles comprises a gas liquid bottle and an aerosol liquid bottle, so that the purposes of continuous collection and online analysis of gaseous pollutants and aerosols are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas monitoring, in particular to an on-line monitoring system and method for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles.
Background
In order to obtain the atmospheric environment data of the first time, the environmental protection bureau, the environmental institute, the college, the national monitoring station and other related departments need to monitor the atmospheric environment quality in real time.
In the prior art, the equipment for monitoring the atmosphere environment has single function, and the acquired data has low reliability and influences the subsequent experimental result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following first technical scheme:
the invention relates to an on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles, which comprises 1. An on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles is characterized by comprising
The quantitative steam generating device can automatically generate steam according to a set flow rate, and can monitor the steam pressure and adjust the heating temperature in real time while guaranteeing the complete gasification of steam water.
And the three-stage gas cooling device is used for cooling gas, collecting a sample, further reducing the temperature of the gas, separating out condensed waste liquid and automatically discharging the condensed waste liquid.
The liquid level maintaining device of the diffusion tube maintains the liquid level of the absorption liquid in a fixed height range, so that the performance of the diffusion tube is more stable;
aerosol collection device: for collecting aerosols;
pipeline system: comprising a pipe and a pump system for connecting the above-mentioned devices.
The invention relates to a quantitative steam generating device which comprises a spiral heating pipe, a heating rod, a protective sleeve, a pressure sensor, a temperature controller and a micro pulse pump, wherein a heating pipe positioning seat is fixedly arranged at the end part of the spiral heating pipe, an upper heat insulation plate and a lower heat insulation plate are respectively arranged at the two ends of the spiral heating pipe, the temperature sensor is arranged in the heating rod, the protective sleeve is arranged at the outer side of the spiral heating pipe and wraps the spiral heating pipe, a heat insulation material is filled between the protective sleeve and the spiral heating pipe, and an evaporator lower cover is arranged at the bottom of the protective sleeve.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the heating rod is arranged in the spiral heating pipe and penetrates through the lower heat insulation plate, the heating pipe positioning seat, the upper heat insulation plate and the protective sleeve.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the upper heat insulation plate and the lower heat insulation plate are fixedly connected with the heating pipe positioning seat.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the spiral heating pipe is made of silanized 316 stainless steel pipes.
The utility model provides a diffusion pipe liquid level holding device, includes diffusion pipe, support, liquid level detection list, fluid infusion micropulse pump and sample micropulse pump, the outside of diffusion pipe is provided with the support, the liquid level detection unit includes liquid level sensor, liquid level sensor upper bracket, liquid level sensor lower carriage, liquid level sensor upper bracket lock bolt and liquid level sensor upper bracket lock bolt including the liquid level detection unit, diffusion pipe and liquid level detection unit all install on the support.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a liquid level sensor upper support is arranged at the rear side of the liquid level sensor, a liquid level sensor upper support is arranged at the outer side of the liquid level sensor upper support, a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt is arranged between the liquid level sensor upper support and the liquid level sensor upper support, a liquid level sensor lower support is arranged at the outer side of the liquid level sensor upper support, and a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt is arranged between the liquid level sensor lower support and the liquid level sensor upper support.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, two sides of the lower bracket of the liquid level sensor are respectively provided with an arc hole, the radian of the lower bracket is consistent with that of the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the diffusion pipe, and the upper bracket of the liquid level sensor slides in the arc holes, and the sliding angle is-degree.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the liquid level sensor upper bracket is movably connected with the liquid level sensor upper bracket locking bolt, two long round holes are respectively formed on two sides of the front end of the liquid level sensor upper bracket, and the liquid level sensor upper support is movably connected with the liquid level sensor upper bracket through the liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt and the long round holes.
The utility model provides a tertiary gas cooling device, includes circulating water pump, refrigeration fan and refrigeration piece, refrigerator shell, liquid level indication pipe, oil mist cup, drainage joint, refrigeration box, refrigerator guide plate, second grade gas cooling pipe, tertiary gas cooling pipe, temperature sensor, refrigerating fluid feed liquor pipe and refrigerating fluid drain pipe, the refrigeration box is fixed in on the refrigerator guide plate, and the space is filled with the foaming agent between refrigeration box and the refrigerator shell, temperature sensor fixes the top of refrigeration box, and the liquid level indication pipe is installed in one side of refrigeration box, forms the intercommunication ware structure with the refrigeration box, refrigerating fluid feed liquor pipe and refrigerating fluid drain pipe fixed mounting are at the top of refrigeration box, second grade gas cooling pipe runs through refrigeration box fixed mounting at the upper surface of refrigerator guide plate, tertiary gas cooling pipe is installed in the bottom of refrigerator guide plate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the cold face of the refrigerating fan and the refrigerating sheet on the refrigerating sheet are tightly attached to the refrigerating box, the hot face is tightly attached to the refrigerating fan, and the refrigerating fan is fixed on the shell of the refrigerator.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the refrigerating fluid inlet pipe is designed as a short pipe, the refrigerating fluid outlet pipe is designed as a long pipe, and the refrigerating fluid inlet pipe and the refrigerating fluid outlet pipe are connected with a circulating water pump to form a primary cooling fluid circulating system.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the secondary gas cooling pipe penetrates through the refrigerating box and is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the refrigerator guide plate to form a secondary sample cooling and dehumidifying system.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the three-stage gas cooling pipe is arranged at the bottom of the refrigerator guide plate, the three-stage cooling pipe is communicated with the oil mist cup, and the oil mist cup is communicated with the drainage joint to form a three-stage gas-liquid separation system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1: according to the invention, the liquid level of the absorption liquid is kept in a fixed height range by installing the liquid level keeping device of the diffusion pipe, so that the performance of the diffusion pipe is more stable.
2: according to the invention, by installing the quantitative steam generating device, steam can be automatically generated according to the set flow rate, and the steam pressure is monitored and the heating temperature is adjusted in real time while the steam water is ensured to be completely gasified.
3: according to the invention, by installing the three-stage gas cooling device, the temperature of the gas is further reduced while cooling the gas and collecting the sample, and the condensed waste liquid is separated and automatically discharged.
4: according to the invention, two groups of sampling bottles are used for sampling alternately, each group of sampling bottles comprises a gas liquid storage bottle and an aerosol liquid storage bottle, the sampling process and the analysis process are not interfered with each other, and full-time sampling is ensured, so that the purposes of continuous collection and online analysis of gaseous pollutants and aerosols are achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
Wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
Further, if detailed description of the known art is not necessary to illustrate the features of the present invention, it will be omitted. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an overall schematic of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the external plan structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the use of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a spiral heating pipe; 2. a heating pipe positioning seat; 3. a heat insulation plate is arranged; 4. a lower heat insulation plate; 5. a heating rod; 6. a protective sleeve; 7. and an evaporator lower cover.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the operational components of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a diffusion tube; 2. a support; 3. a liquid level sensor; 4. a liquid level sensor upper support; 5. a liquid level sensor upper bracket; 6. a liquid level sensor lower bracket; 7. a liquid level sensor upper bracket locking bolt; 8. the liquid level sensor upper support locks the bolt.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of the use of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. refrigerating fan and refrigerating sheet; 2. a refrigerator housing; 3. a liquid level indicating tube; 4. an oil mist cup; 5. a drain joint; 6. a refrigeration box; 7. a refrigerator deflector; 8. a secondary gas cooling tube; 9. a third stage gas cooling tube; 10. a temperature sensor; 11. a refrigerating fluid inlet pipe; 12. and a refrigerating liquid discharge pipe.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particulate matters, which comprises the following steps:
a. during sampling, the flow control system controls the sampling flow to be 16.67L/min, and aerosol large particles are removed after the air sample passes through the cyclone separator.
b. The sample enters into a rotary ring-shaped wet diffusion tube, which is a core component of a gas collecting device, and consists of two concentric glass tubes, a liquid supplementing micropulse pump pumps absorption liquid into an annular space of the diffusion tube, the diffusion tube rotates around an axle center under the drive of external power, an absorption liquid film is formed on the inner wall of an outer tube and the outer wall of an inner tube of the annular tube, the sample passes through the annular space of the diffusion tube in a laminar flow state under the power of an air pump, gaseous pollutants in the sample are absorbed by the absorption liquid film on the tube wall, the aerosol passes through the diffusion tube under the inertia effect, the sampling micropulse pump continuously pumps the absorption liquid absorbing the gaseous pollutants from the diffusion tube at a certain flow rate, the absorption liquid is conveyed into a gas sample liquid storage bottle, a pressure sensor measures the liquid level height through a pressure measuring tube, the liquid level value is stored by software, and after the collection of the gas sample is finished to the gas liquid storage bottle, the absorption liquid film is pumped out by the micropulse pump and then conveyed into ion chromatograph for analysis.
c. In the aerosol rapid collecting device, the aerosol and saturated vapor generated by the vapor generating device are mixed in an aerosol growing cavity, fine particle aerosol collides and grows, moisture absorption grows, and the grown aerosol particles enter a cyclone condensation catcher to be collected.
d. After the sample enters the cyclone condensation catcher, under the action of water cooling, the internal vapor is in a supersaturated state, continuously condenses and gathers, fine particles are taken as crystal nuclei to be continuously combined with water molecules in supersaturated atmosphere for growth, condensed and gathered aqueous solution containing aerosol is pumped out by a micro pump and then passes through a filter, insoluble particle impurities in the sample are removed, and then the sample is conveyed to an aerosol liquid storage bottle, a pressure sensor measures the liquid level height through a pressure measuring tube, the volume of the aerosol sample is calculated, and a liquid level value is stored by software. And after the aerosol sample is collected to the end of the aerosol liquid storage bottle, the aerosol sample is pumped by a micropulse pump and is sent to ion chromatography for analysis.
e. The sampling time is 60 minutes, gaseous pollutants and aerosol alternately enter ion chromatography, anions and cations are simultaneously analyzed, the working period is 30 minutes respectively, two groups of sampling bottles alternately sample, and each group of sampling bottles comprises a gas liquid storage bottle and an aerosol liquid storage bottle.
Specifically, the absorption efficiency of a gas sample and the separation efficiency of an aerosol sample are the most important indexes for judging the performance of a diffusion tube, and main parameters affecting the performance of the diffusion tube comprise sample flow, the rotation speed of the diffusion tube, the liquid level of absorption liquid and the like, and the device is mainly aimed at the influence of the liquid level on the performance of the diffusion tube, when the liquid level of the diffusion tube is higher, aerosol is prevented from passing through the diffusion tube, and the separation efficiency of the aerosol sample is reduced; when the liquid level is lower, the absorption efficiency of the gas sample is reduced, and the device is provided with a self-developed diffusion tube liquid level holding device, so that the liquid level of the absorption liquid is kept in a fixed height range, and the performance of the diffusion tube is more stable;
the device is provided with an independently developed quantitative steam generating device, steam can be automatically generated according to a set flow rate, and the steam pressure is monitored and the heating temperature is adjusted in real time while the steam water is ensured to be completely gasified.
Because the temperature of the aerosol sample is higher, the aerosol sample can be completely condensed and trapped only by greatly and rapidly reducing the temperature, the temperature and the humidity of the gas sample are still higher after the trapping is completed, and the temperature and the humidity are required to be continuously reduced, so that a power system at the rear end is protected, a three-stage gas cooling device which is independently researched and developed is arranged in the equipment, the temperature of the gas is further reduced while the gas is cooled and the sample is collected, and condensed waste liquid is separated and automatically discharged;
the two groups of sampling bottles are used for sampling alternately, each group of sampling bottles comprises a gas liquid storage bottle and an aerosol liquid storage bottle, the sampling process and the analysis process are not interfered with each other, and full-time sampling is ensured, so that the purposes of continuous collection and online analysis of gaseous pollutants and aerosols are achieved.
As shown in fig. 2-4, a quantitative steam generating device comprises a spiral heating pipe 1, a heating rod 5, a protective sleeve 6, a pressure sensor, a temperature controller and a micropulse pump, wherein a heating pipe positioning seat 2 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the spiral heating pipe 1, an upper heat insulation plate 3 and a lower heat insulation plate 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the spiral heating pipe 1, the temperature sensor is arranged in the heating rod 5, the protective sleeve 6 is arranged on the outer side of the spiral heating pipe 1 and wraps the spiral heating pipe 1, a heat insulation material is filled between the protective sleeve 6 and the spiral heating pipe 1, and an evaporator lower cover 7 is arranged at the bottom of the protective sleeve 6.
Further, the heating rod 5 is arranged in the spiral heating pipe 1, and the heating rod 5 penetrates through the lower heat insulation plate 4, the heating pipe positioning seat 2, the upper heat insulation plate 3 and the protective sleeve 6.
The upper heat insulating plate 3 and the lower heat insulating plate 4 are fixedly connected with the heating pipe positioning seat 2.
The spiral heating tube 1 was made of a silanized 316 stainless steel tube.
Specifically, spiral heating pipe 1 is as steam generator's core part, need use the preparation of silanization's 316 stainless steel pipe, the clearance is accomplished as far as possible minimum between spiral heating pipe 1, make the heating can be more even, when using spiral heating pipe 1 to heat, because the inertial effect of centrifugal force, the condition of the unvaporized liquid drop of steam parcel can not appear, can guarantee to gasify all liquids, spiral heating pipe 11 and heating pipe positioning seat 2 closely laminate, and fix through last heat insulating board 3 and lower heat insulating board 4, further reduce the clearance between spiral heating pipe 1, the built-in temperature sensor of heating rod 5, can accurately control the heating temperature through the temperature controller, protective sheath 6 and evaporimeter lower cover 7 are installed whole steam generating part inside, use insulating material to fill between protective sheath 6 and the steam generating part, evaporimeter lower cover 7 is fixed steam generating part, insulating material and heating rod 5 are inside protective sheath 6.
When the steam generating device is used, the liquid inlet is required to be connected with the micro pulse pump, the liquid quantity entering the steam generating device can be accurately controlled, the steam outlet is connected with the pressure sensor, a water-proof membrane is connected between the connecting pipelines, the steam can be prevented from entering the sensor to damage the sensor when the pressure is accurately measured, the heating rod 5 starts to work in the steam generating process, the micro pulse pump pumps the liquid into the steam generating device according to constant speed to form steam, the steam pressure is measured through the pressure sensor at the steam outlet, if the pressure is too high, the liquid is gasified in the middle of the spiral heating pipe 1, the flow accuracy of the micro pulse pump is influenced due to the too high steam pressure, the heating temperature of the heating rod 5 is required to be reduced until the outlet pressure is lower than a preset threshold value, quantitative steam can be accurately generated, when the steam generating quantity is required to be adjusted, the speed of the micro pulse pump can be adjusted, and the heating temperature is changed to enable the steam to be stable and accurate to generate through monitoring the outlet pressure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figures 5-7, the liquid level maintaining device of the diffusion tube comprises a diffusion tube 1, a support 2, a liquid level detection unit, a liquid supplementing micropulse pump and a sampling micropulse pump, wherein the support 2 is arranged on the outer side of the diffusion tube 1, the liquid level detection unit comprises a liquid level sensor 3, a liquid level sensor upper support 4, a liquid level sensor upper support 5, a liquid level sensor lower support 6, a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt 7 and a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt 8, and the diffusion tube 1 and the liquid level detection unit are both arranged on the support 2.
Further, the rear side of the liquid level sensor 3 is provided with a liquid level sensor upper support 4, the outer side of the liquid level sensor upper support 4 is provided with a liquid level sensor upper support 5, a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt 8 is arranged between the liquid level sensor upper support 5 and the liquid level sensor upper support 4, the outer side of the liquid level sensor upper support 5 is provided with a liquid level sensor lower support 6, and a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt 7 is arranged between the liquid level sensor lower support 6 and the liquid level sensor upper support 5.
The two sides of the lower bracket 6 of the liquid level sensor are respectively provided with an arc hole, the radian is consistent with that of the inner tube and the outer tube of the diffusion tube 1, and the upper bracket 4 of the liquid level sensor slides in the arc holes, and the sliding angle is 75-80 degrees.
The liquid level sensor upper bracket 5 is movably connected with the liquid level sensor upper bracket locking bolt 7, two long round holes are respectively formed in two sides of the front end of the liquid level sensor upper bracket 5, and the liquid level sensor upper bracket 4 is movably connected with the liquid level sensor upper bracket 5 through the liquid level sensor upper bracket locking bolt 8 and the long round holes.
Specifically, in the use, there is an arc hole respectively in the both sides of liquid level sensor lower carriage 6, the radian is unanimous with the inside and outside pipe radian of diffusion pipe 1, make liquid level sensor upper carriage 5 in the hole slip, sliding angle is 77 degrees, liquid level sensor upper carriage 5 can rotate around liquid level sensor upper carriage lock bolt 7, but angle and the height of liquid level sensor 3 are adjusted, liquid level sensor upper carriage, 5 front end both sides respectively have a slotted hole, liquid level sensor upper carriage 4 that installs liquid level sensor 3 can slide back and forth, adjust the distance between liquid level sensor 3 and the diffusion pipe 1, adjust the maximum distance and be 10 millimeters, liquid level sensor upper carriage 4 can rotate around liquid level sensor upper carriage lock bolt 8, but angle, distance and the height between adjustable liquid level sensor 4 and the diffusion pipe 1.
In order to better use the liquid level holding device of the diffusion tube, a sensor position adjusting program is provided, firstly, absorbing liquid is manually injected into the diffusion tube 1, so that the liquid level reaches a desired position, then, the liquid level sensor 3 can just detect the liquid level position by adjusting a mechanism part of the liquid level detecting unit, at the moment, a testing program of the liquid level sensor 3 is started, a testing rule is that after 1 milliliter of absorbing liquid is pumped by a sampling micro pulse pump, the liquid level detecting unit can detect the insufficient liquid level, then, sampling is stopped and liquid supplementing is started, the liquid level detecting unit can detect the liquid level position after 3 to 5 seconds, and if the current position cannot meet the current rule, the sensor position is required to be retested after fine tuning until completion.
Meanwhile, when the equipment runs, the diffusion tube 1 rotates according to a set speed, the equipment sucking pump is started, the air flow passes through the diffusion tube 1, the liquid level of the absorption liquid can continuously fluctuate, the fluctuation of the liquid level can cause the detection of the liquid level sensor 3 to deviate, a set of liquid level detection anti-interference algorithm is formed by repeated experiments and tests aiming at the occurrence of the situation, and the liquid level detection unit is matched to accurately detect the liquid level.
When the liquid level detection unit detects the liquid level, the liquid supplementing micropulse pump is restored to the set flow rate to operate, the liquid level height can be ensured to be at a desired position, the maximum deviation range is not more than 0.5mm, the influence on the performance of the diffusion tube 1 can be ignored, and the absorption efficiency of a gas sample and the separation efficiency of an aerosol sample are ensured.
As shown in fig. 8-10, a three-stage gas cooling device comprises a circulating water pump, a refrigerating fan, a refrigerating sheet 1, a refrigerator shell 2, a liquid level indicating pipe 3, an oil mist cup 4, a drainage joint 5, a refrigerating box 6, a refrigerator guide plate 7, a secondary gas cooling pipe 8, a three-stage gas cooling pipe 9, a temperature sensor 10, a refrigerating liquid inlet pipe 11 and a refrigerating liquid drain pipe 12, wherein the refrigerating box 6 is fixed on the refrigerator guide plate 7, a gap between the refrigerating box 6 and the refrigerator shell 2 is filled with foaming agent, the temperature sensor 10 is fixed on the top of the refrigerating box 6, the liquid level indicating pipe 3 is arranged on one side of the refrigerating box 7 and forms a communicating vessel structure with the refrigerating box 7, the refrigerating liquid inlet pipe 11 and the refrigerating liquid drain pipe 12 are fixedly arranged on the top of the refrigerating box 6, the secondary gas cooling pipe 8 penetrates through the refrigerating box 6 and is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the refrigerator guide plate 8, and the three-stage gas cooling pipe 9 is arranged on the bottom of the refrigerator guide plate 7.
Further, the cold surfaces of the refrigerating fans and the refrigerating sheets on the refrigerating sheet 1 are tightly attached to the refrigerating box 6, the hot surfaces are tightly attached to the refrigerating fans, and the refrigerating fans are fixed on the refrigerator shell 2.
The refrigerating fluid inlet pipe 11 is designed as a short pipe, the refrigerating fluid outlet pipe 12 is designed as a long pipe, and the refrigerating fluid inlet pipe 11 and the refrigerating fluid outlet pipe 12 are connected with a circulating water pump to form a primary cooling fluid circulating system.
The secondary gas cooling pipe 8 penetrates through the refrigerating box 6 and is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the refrigerator guide plate 8 to form a secondary sample cooling and dehumidifying system.
The tertiary gas cooling pipe 9 is installed in the bottom of refrigerator guide plate 7, and tertiary cooling pipe 9 communicates with oil mist cup 4, and oil mist cup 4 communicates with drainage connector 5, forms tertiary gas-liquid separation system.
Specifically, the refrigeration box 6 is fixed on the refrigerator guide plate 7, is integrally arranged in the refrigerator shell 2, the gap between the refrigeration box 6 and the refrigerator shell 2 is filled with foaming agent, and is used for preserving heat of the refrigeration box 6, the cold face of the refrigeration sheet is tightly attached to the refrigeration box 6, the hot face is tightly attached to the refrigeration fan, the refrigeration fan is fixed on the refrigerator shell 2 and is used for refrigerating the cooling liquid in the refrigeration box, the temperature sensor 10 is fixed at the top of the refrigeration box 6 and extends into the middle position of the cooling liquid, the temperature of the cooling liquid is accurately measured, constant temperature control is carried out on the cooling liquid by controlling the refrigeration sheet, the liquid level indicator tube 3 is arranged on the side face of the refrigeration box 6 and forms a communicating vessel structure with the refrigeration box 6, the liquid level in the box can be observed through the indicator tube, the refrigerating fluid inlet tube 11 and the refrigerating fluid liquid discharge tube 12 are fixed at the top of the refrigerating box 6, the short tube is the inlet tube, the long tube is the liquid discharge tube, the water pump is externally connected, the primary cooling fluid circulation system is formed, the secondary gas cooling tube 8 passes through the refrigerating box 6 and is fixed on the refrigerator guide plate 7, the main gas circuit is completely exposed in the cooling fluid, the gas sample in the secondary gas cooling tube can be cooled, the secondary sample cooling and dehumidifying system is formed, the tertiary gas cooling tube 9 is arranged at the bottom of the refrigerator guide plate 7, the gas-liquid separation is completed when the gas sample is cooled and dehumidified, and condensed water is collected inside the oil mist cup 4 and flows out through the drainage connector 5.
When the device is operated, the temperature of the cooling liquid is measured in real time, the refrigerating fan and the refrigerating sheet 1 are controlled to work according to the signals of the temperature sensor 10, the cooling liquid is kept at a constant temperature to a set temperature, a primary cooling liquid circulation system is required to cooperate with a primary cooling container of a sample to work, the container only needs to be provided with a water inlet and a water outlet of circulating water and a gas inlet and a gas outlet of sample gas, and a gas path and a water path are respectively sealed, the specific structure and the shape can be designed by themselves, the circulating water pump is started, the cooling liquid is injected into the primary cooling container of the sample through the cooling liquid discharge pipe 12, and flows back to the refrigerating box 6 through the cooling liquid inlet pipe 11, so that the temperature and the humidity of a gas sample can be quickly reduced, then the gas enters a secondary cooling and dehumidifying system, the pipeline through which the gas flows is wrapped by the cooling liquid, and the temperature and the humidity are further reduced, finally, the gas sample passes through the three-stage gas cooling pipe 9, the outer wall of the cooling pipe is provided with spiral lines, the contact area between the gas sample and the gas is increased, the sample is further cooled, condensed waste liquid is separated out and enters the oil mist cup 4, the gas sample is discharged through a gas sample outlet, a liquid level sensor is arranged outside the oil mist cup 4, when the liquid level sensor detects the waste liquid, the device controls a drainage pump to be started, the waste liquid is discharged, the device is ensured to continuously run, when the primary cooling container of the sample needs to be maintained, the cooling liquid in the container needs to be refluxed into the refrigerating box 6, at the moment, only the circulating water pump is required to be reversed, the air is injected into the primary cooling container of the sample through the refrigerating liquid drain pipe 12, and the cooling liquid flows back into the refrigerating box 6 through the refrigerating liquid inlet pipe 11.
If the temperature of the gas sample is too high, which results in poor cooling effect of the device, the following measures can be adopted to improve the cooling effect: the refrigerating set temperature of the device is reduced, the flow rate of the circulating water pump is improved, the cooling liquid is replaced by more specialized refrigerating liquid, the power of the refrigerating fan and the refrigerating sheet is increased, the secondary gas cooling pipe is replaced by a spiral pipeline, and the above measures can be sequentially increased one by one for trying until the cooling effect meets the requirement.
In view of the above, the present invention is an improvement over prior art diffuser pipes, and therefore, prior art constructions for diffuser pipes are not described.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric particulates, comprising
The quantitative steam generating device can automatically generate steam according to a set flow rate, and can monitor the steam pressure and adjust the heating temperature in real time while guaranteeing the complete gasification of steam water.
And the three-stage gas cooling device is used for cooling gas, collecting a sample, further reducing the temperature of the gas, separating out condensed waste liquid and automatically discharging the condensed waste liquid.
The liquid level maintaining device of the diffusion tube maintains the liquid level of the absorption liquid in a fixed height range, so that the performance of the diffusion tube is more stable;
aerosol collection device: for collecting aerosols;
pipeline system: comprising a pipe and a pump system for connecting the above-mentioned devices.
2. The on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of fine atmospheric particulates according to claim 1, wherein the quantitative steam generating device comprises a spiral heating pipe (1), a heating rod (5), a protective sleeve (6), a pressure sensor, a temperature controller and a micropulse pump, and is characterized in that a heating pipe positioning seat (2) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the spiral heating pipe (1), an upper heat insulation plate (3) and a lower heat insulation plate (4) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the spiral heating pipe (1), the temperature sensor is arranged in the heating rod (5), the protective sleeve (6) is arranged at the outer side of the spiral heating pipe (1), the spiral heating pipe (1) is wrapped in the protective sleeve, a heat insulation material is filled between the protective sleeve (6) and the spiral heating pipe (1), and an evaporator lower cover (7) is arranged at the bottom of the protective sleeve (6).
3. A quantitative steam generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the heating rod (5) is arranged inside the spiral heating pipe (1), the heating rod (5) penetrates through the lower heat insulation plate (4), the heating pipe positioning seat (2), the upper heat insulation plate (3) and the protective sleeve (6); the upper heat insulation plate (3) and the lower heat insulation plate (4) are fixedly connected with the heating pipe positioning seat (2); the spiral heating pipe (1) is made of silanized 316 stainless steel pipes.
4. The on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of fine atmospheric particulates according to claim 1, wherein the liquid level maintaining device of the diffusion tube comprises a diffusion tube (1), a support (2), a liquid level detection unit, a liquid supplementing micropulse pump and a sampling micropulse pump, and is characterized in that the support (2) is arranged on the outer side of the diffusion tube (1), the liquid level detection unit comprises a liquid level sensor (3), a liquid level sensor upper support (4), a liquid level sensor upper support (5), a liquid level sensor lower support (6), a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt (7) and a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt (8), and the diffusion tube (1) and the liquid level detection unit are both arranged on the support (2).
5. The on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particulate matters according to claim 4, wherein a liquid level sensor upper support (4) is arranged at the rear side of the liquid level sensor (3), a liquid level sensor upper support (5) is arranged at the outer side of the liquid level sensor upper support (4), a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt (8) is arranged between the liquid level sensor upper support (5) and the liquid level sensor upper support (4), a liquid level sensor lower support (6) is arranged at the outer side of the liquid level sensor upper support (5), and a liquid level sensor upper support locking bolt (7) is arranged between the liquid level sensor lower support (6) and the liquid level sensor upper support (5).
6. The on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of fine particulate matters in atmosphere according to claim 5, wherein the two sides of the lower bracket (6) of the liquid level sensor are respectively provided with an arc hole, the radian of the lower bracket is consistent with that of the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the diffusion pipe (1), the upper bracket (4) of the liquid level sensor slides in the arc holes, and the sliding angle is 75-80 degrees; the liquid level sensor upper bracket (5) is movably connected with the liquid level sensor upper bracket locking bolt (7), two long round holes are respectively formed in two sides of the front end of the liquid level sensor upper bracket (5), and the liquid level sensor upper bracket (4) is movably connected with the liquid level sensor upper bracket (5) through the liquid level sensor upper bracket locking bolt (8) and the long round holes.
7. The on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of fine particulate matters in atmosphere according to claim 1, wherein the three-stage gas cooling device comprises a circulating water pump, a cooling fan, a cooling sheet (1), a refrigerator shell (2), a liquid level indicating pipe (3), an oil mist cup (4), a water draining joint (5), a cooling box (6), a refrigerator guide plate (7), a secondary gas cooling pipe (8), a three-stage gas cooling pipe (9), a temperature sensor (10), a cooling liquid inlet pipe (11) and a cooling liquid drain pipe (12), and is characterized in that the cooling box (6) is fixed on a refrigerator guide plate (7), a gap between the cooling box (6) and the refrigerator shell (2) is filled with a foaming agent, the temperature sensor (10) is fixed on the top of the cooling box (6), the liquid level indicating pipe (3) is arranged on one side of the cooling box (7) and forms a communicating structure with the cooling box (7), the cooling liquid inlet pipe (11) and the cooling liquid drain pipe (12) are fixedly arranged on the top of the cooling box (6), and the cooling liquid inlet pipe (11) and the cooling liquid drain pipe (12) are fixedly arranged on the bottom of the cooling box (7).
8. The on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of fine particulate matters in atmosphere according to claim 7, wherein the cooling surface of the cooling plate on the cooling fan and the cooling plate (1) is tightly attached to the cooling box (6), the hot surface is tightly attached to the cooling fan, and the cooling fan is fixed on the refrigerator shell (2); the refrigerating fluid inlet pipe (11) is designed as a short pipe, the refrigerating fluid outlet pipe (12) is designed as a long pipe, and the refrigerating fluid inlet pipe (11) and the refrigerating fluid outlet pipe (12) are connected with a circulating water pump to form a primary cooling fluid circulating system; the secondary gas cooling pipe (8) penetrates through the refrigerating box (6) and is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the refrigerator guide plate (8) to form a secondary sample cooling and dehumidifying system.
9. The on-line monitoring system for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of fine particulate matters in atmosphere according to claim 8, wherein the tertiary gas cooling pipe (9) is installed at the bottom of the refrigerator deflector (7), the tertiary cooling pipe (9) is communicated with the oil mist cup (4), and the oil mist cup (4) is communicated with the drainage joint (5) to form a tertiary gas-liquid separation system.
10. The on-line monitoring method for the water-soluble components and the gaseous precursors of the atmospheric fine particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. during sampling, the flow control system controls the sampling flow to be 16.67L/min, and aerosol large particles are removed after the air sample passes through the cyclone separator.
b. Then the sample enters into a rotary annular wet diffusion tube, a liquid supplementing micropulse pump drives absorption liquid into an annular space of the diffusion tube, the diffusion tube rotates around an axle center under the drive of external power, an absorption liquid film is formed on the inner wall of an outer tube and the outer wall of an inner tube of the annular tube, the sample passes through the annular space of the diffusion tube in a laminar flow state under the drive of an air pump, gaseous pollutants in the sample are absorbed by the absorption liquid film on the tube wall, aerosol passes through the diffusion tube under the inertia effect, the sampling micropulse pump continuously pumps the absorption liquid absorbing the gaseous pollutants from the diffusion tube at a certain flow rate, the absorption liquid is conveyed into a gas sample liquid storage bottle, a pressure sensor measures the liquid level height through a pressure measuring tube, calculates the volume of the gas sample, and stores the liquid level value by software, and after the collection of the gas sample to the gas liquid storage bottle is finished, the absorption liquid film is pumped out by the micropulse pump and conveyed into ion chromatograph for analysis.
c. In the aerosol rapid collecting device, the aerosol and saturated vapor generated by the vapor generating device are mixed in an aerosol growing cavity, fine particle aerosol collides and grows, moisture absorption grows, and the grown aerosol particles enter a cyclone condensation catcher to be collected.
d. After the sample enters the cyclone condensation catcher, under the action of water cooling, the internal vapor is in a supersaturated state, continuously condenses and gathers, fine particles are taken as crystal nuclei to be continuously combined with water molecules in supersaturated atmosphere for growth, condensed and gathered aqueous solution containing aerosol is pumped out by a micro pump and then passes through a filter, insoluble particle impurities in the sample are removed, and then the sample is conveyed to an aerosol liquid storage bottle, a pressure sensor measures the liquid level height through a pressure measuring tube, the volume of the aerosol sample is calculated, and a liquid level value is stored by software. And after the aerosol sample is collected to the end of the aerosol liquid storage bottle, the aerosol sample is pumped by a micropulse pump and is sent to ion chromatography for analysis.
e. The sampling time is 60 minutes, gaseous pollutants and aerosol alternately enter ion chromatography, anions and cations are simultaneously analyzed, the working period is 30 minutes respectively, two groups of sampling bottles alternately sample, and each group of sampling bottles comprises a gas liquid storage bottle and an aerosol liquid storage bottle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310023293.4A CN116793904A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | On-line monitoring system and method for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310023293.4A CN116793904A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | On-line monitoring system and method for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles |
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| CN116793904A true CN116793904A (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310023293.4A Pending CN116793904A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | On-line monitoring system and method for water-soluble components and gaseous precursors of atmospheric fine particles |
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| CN (1) | CN116793904A (en) |
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- 2023-01-09 CN CN202310023293.4A patent/CN116793904A/en active Pending
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