CN116789314A - Sea water turbidity reducing device for coral reef sea area - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of coral reefs, and provides a device for reducing sea water turbidity in a coral reef sea area, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a floating body, a treatment tank, a dosing mechanism, an aeration mechanism, a sewage suction pump, a separator, an underwater vehicle, an anchor chain and a fixed base; the underwater vehicle is provided with a turbidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and a sewage suction head; the sewage suction pump is arranged in the treatment tank and is connected with the sewage suction head through a connecting hose; a circle of guide plates are arranged in the treatment tank, and a jet device facing the jet of the guide plates is arranged on the sewage suction pump; the outside of handling the pond is equipped with the bounding wall, forms the air chamber between bounding wall and the lateral wall of handling the pond and the sea, and the air chamber passes through first check valve and handles the pond intercommunication and makes the direction of giving vent to anger of first check valve towards the separator, and the position of first check valve is higher than the liquid level in the handling the pond. The device is suitable for high-turbidity seawater, is suitable for rapidly reducing the seawater turbidity of the coral reef seabed surface with complex space morphology in the sea area, and has the advantages of low cost, strong maneuverability and low energy consumption.

Description

Sea water turbidity reducing device for coral reef sea area

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration of coral reefs, and particularly relates to a device for reducing sea water turbidity in a coral reef sea area.

Background

The coral reef is mainly formed by piling calcareous remains of hermatypic corals for a long time, and is widely distributed in subtropical sea areas of tropical and heating places, and the total distribution area of the coral reef reaches 2700 ten thousand square kilometers. The tropical sea area of China is wide, the coral reef is widely distributed, and the reef-building coral is various. The coral reefs are rich in south China sea islands, penghu islands, guangdong, guangxi places and the like. A typical coral reef topography consists of a relatively horizontal reef surface that connects to the deep sea seabed and is steep, extending to the shore beach, where there is often a raised reef crown at the interface of the reef surface and the reef surface.

Coral consists of coral population and calcareous exoskeleton secreted by the coral population, yellow algae are present in healthy coral endothelial cells, the yellow algae and the coral are symbiotic, and provide nutrition for the coral by photosynthesis, so that the coral can continuously secrete the calcareous exoskeleton to enable the coral reef to develop.

Corals are a mixed nutrient organism and underwater light availability is a prerequisite for corals to photosynthesis, so they still require a fraction of the light to sustain growth.

Research shows that underwater light availability is greatly affected by water turbidity. The underwater light availability can be determined by changing the scattering and absorption characteristics of the water body to light when the turbidity changes. For example, hyperspectral data under dredging plumes show a decrease in blue and red wavelengths and a clear shift to yellow-green. This region lies outside the main absorption peak of the photopigment, which means that corals absorb poorly in this part of the spectrum and drive photosynthesis with relatively low efficiency. Thus, an increase in turbidity will reduce the availability of light under water, which in turn reduces the distribution and abundance of corals.

Currently, most coral reefs in the world are currently experiencing chronic or acute turbidity-increasing events, the production of which is often associated with coral reef dredging activities, sediment re-suspension, surface runoff, and the like.

In view of the adverse effect of weak light conditions caused by the increase of turbidity in the coral reef sea area on the coral reef growth, and the turbidity increase in recent years plays a leading role in reducing the underwater light availability of the coral reef, and the traditional turbidity removing device generally adopts the combination of sedimentation, aeration and membrane treatment technologies, the equipment is complex, the maneuverability is poor, the energy consumption is high and the cost is high, so that the artificial intervention is needed to reduce the turbidity of the water body in the coral reef sea area by an innovative method to increase the underwater light availability, thereby promoting the coral growth and accelerating the development of the coral reef.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the application aims to provide the coral reef sea area sea turbidity reducing device which is applicable to the coral reef sea area with complicated space forms in the high-turbidity sea area and used for rapidly reducing the sea turbidity, and the device has the advantages of low cost, strong maneuverability and low energy consumption.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: provided is a device for reducing the turbidity of seawater in a coral reef sea area, comprising: the device comprises a floating body, a treatment tank, a dosing mechanism, an aeration mechanism, a sewage suction pump, a separator, an underwater vehicle, an anchor chain and a fixed base;

the treatment pool is arranged on the floating body, and the dosing mechanism, the aeration mechanism and the separator are arranged on the treatment pool;

the fixed base is placed on the sea bottom, one end of the anchor chain is connected with the fixed base, and the other end of the anchor chain is connected with the floating body;

the underwater vehicle is provided with a turbidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and a sewage suction head;

the sewage suction pump is arranged in the treatment tank and is connected with the sewage suction head through a connecting hose;

a circle of guide plates are arranged in the treatment tank, and the sewage suction pump is provided with a jet device which is used for jetting towards the guide plates;

the outside of handling the pond is equipped with the bounding wall, the bounding wall with handle and form the air chamber between the lateral wall of pond and the sea, the air chamber through first check valve with handle the pond intercommunication and make the direction of giving vent to anger of first check valve is towards the separator, the position of first check valve is higher than handle the liquid level in the pond.

In one embodiment, a slag collecting groove is formed in the inner side of the top of the treatment tank, the slag collecting groove is of an inverted U-shaped plate structure or two parallel plate structures, two ends of the slag collecting groove respectively correspond to the first one-way valve and the separator, and a second one-way valve is arranged at the outlet of the separator.

In one embodiment, the guide plate is obliquely arranged, an included angle between the guide plate and the bottom of the treatment tank is an acute angle, and the ejection direction of the ejector is a horizontal direction.

In one embodiment, one end of the guide plate is fixed at the bottom of the treatment tank, the other end of the guide plate is provided with a circle of partition plate which is vertically arranged, a porous medium annular plate is arranged between the partition plate and the inner wall of the treatment tank, a drainage tank is formed between the porous medium annular plate and the guide plate and between the porous medium annular plate and the inner wall of the treatment tank, and a drainage pump is arranged in the drainage tank.

In one embodiment, a backwash pipe for backwashing the porous medium annular plate is arranged in the drainage tank, and the backwash pipe is connected with the aeration mechanism.

In one embodiment, the aeration mechanism comprises an air pump, an aeration pipe and an aeration column, wherein a plurality of aeration columns are vertically arranged, the aeration pipe and the back flushing pipe are connected with the air pump through a three-way joint, and a first valve and a second valve are respectively arranged on the aeration pipe and the back flushing pipe.

In one embodiment, the dosing mechanism comprises a drug storage tank and an atomizer, the atomizer being connected to the aeration tube; an air outlet pipe is arranged on the aerator pipe at a position corresponding to the slag collecting groove, and a third valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe.

In one embodiment, the dirt absorbing head is arranged on the underwater vehicle through a hollow connecting rod, the hollow connecting rod is connected with the connecting hose, and a filter screen is arranged on the dirt absorbing head.

In one embodiment, a plurality of underwater vehicles are provided, and a plurality of the connection hoses are connected to the sewage suction pump through a main pipe.

In one embodiment, the connecting hose is a high polymer polyethylene corrugated pipe, a liquid level sensor is arranged in the treatment tank, and the height of the liquid level sensor is lower than that of the first one-way valve.

The device for reducing the sea water turbidity in the coral reef sea area has the beneficial effects that:

the first underwater submarine is provided with a turbidity sensor and an ultrasonic sensor so as to operate in the set turbidity seabed, and the ultrasonic sensor is used for measuring the position of the sewage suction head from the coral reef, so that the situation that the sewage suction head collides with the coral reef is avoided, and the method is suitable for coral reefs with different heights;

secondly, a coaming is arranged on the outer side of the treatment tank to form an air chamber, air in the air chamber flows through seawater waves to drive, and the formed air flow enters the treatment tank through a first one-way valve to blow scum to flow to the separator, so that the energy naturally existing in the seawater waves is utilized, equipment such as a scum scraper and the like are not required in the prior art, and the energy consumption and the cost are reduced;

thirdly, the sprayer that sets up on the soil pick-up pump and the guide plate that sets up in the processing pond can let sprayer spun rivers impact guide plate change rivers in order to form turbulent vortex, automatic stirring to the muddy sea water in the processing pond to the stirring structure among the prior art has been omitted, energy consumption and cost have been reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is an explosion structure schematic diagram of a device for reducing the turbidity of seawater in a coral reef sea area, which is provided by the embodiment of the application.

Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:

1. a floating body; 2. a treatment pool; 3. a soil pick-up pump; 4. a separator; 5. an underwater vehicle; 6. an anchor chain; 7. a fixed base; 8. a turbidity sensor; 9. an ultrasonic sensor; 10. a soil pick-up head; 11. a connecting hose; 12. a deflector; 13. a jet device; 14. coaming plate; 15. a gas chamber; 16. a first one-way valve; 17. a slag collecting groove; 18. a second one-way valve; 19. a partition plate; 20. a porous medium annular plate; 21. a drainage pool; 22. a draining pump; 23. a back flushing pipe; 24. an air pump; 25. an aeration pipe; 26. an aeration column; 27. a first valve; 28. a second valve; 29. a drug storage tank; 30. an atomizer; 31. an air outlet pipe; 32. a third valve; 33. a hollow connecting rod; 34. a filter screen; 35. a main pipe; 36. a liquid level sensor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1, an explanation will be given of a device for reducing the turbidity of seawater in a coral reef area according to an embodiment of the present application. This coral reef sea area reduces sea water turbidity device includes: the sewage treatment device comprises a floating body 1, a treatment tank 2, a dosing mechanism, an aeration mechanism, a sewage suction pump 3, a separator 4, an underwater vehicle 5, an anchor chain 6 and a fixed base 7.

The floating body 1 can enable the whole device to float on the sea surface, the underwater vehicle 5 can freely run on the sea bottom, the underwater vehicle 5 is a mature existing product, and the underwater vehicle equipment with the multi-beam sounding system and the underwater intelligent navigation system in the prior art is specifically adopted, so that the space position information of the high-precision underwater topography and the underwater vehicle can be obtained.

The dosing mechanism is used for adding a medicament into the treatment tank 2 so as to form a flocculating constituent of suspended matters in the turbid seawater; the aeration mechanism is used for aerating turbid seawater in the treatment tank 2 to accelerate the full mixing of the medicament and the turbid seawater, and the separator 4 is used for defoaming scum formed after flocculation and separating water slag. The scum is defoamed by a separator 4 and then separated to generate a small amount of seawater and waste residues, the seawater can be directly discharged into the sea or discharged into the sea through a pipeline, and the waste residues can be discharged to a transport ship which is moored near a turbidity removing platform and transported to the coast or an offshore platform for further treatment by the transport ship.

The treatment tank 2 is arranged on the floating body 1, and the treatment tank 2 is of a sealing structure in operation, and can be provided with a sealing door capable of being opened and closed. The dosing mechanism, the aeration mechanism and the separator 4 are arranged on the treatment tank 2.

In this embodiment, a plurality of fixing bases 7 and anchor chains 6 are provided, and the fixing bases 7 and the anchor chains 6 are connected in one-to-one correspondence. The fixed base 7 is placed on the sea bottom, one end of the anchor chain 6 is connected with the fixed base 7, and the other end is connected with the floating body 1; the fixed base 7 and the anchor chain 6 function to ensure that the floating body 1 stably floats on the sea surface above the coral reef.

Wherein, the underwater vehicle 5 is provided with a turbidity sensor 8, an ultrasonic sensor 9 and a sewage suction head 10, and the sewage suction pump 3 is arranged in the treatment tank 2 and is connected with the sewage suction head 10 through a connecting hose 11; the turbidity sensor 8 can measure the turbidity change of the seawater sucked by the suction head and feed back the turbidity change to the underwater vehicle 5 to adjust the operation position of the underwater vehicle; the ultrasonic sensor 9 adopts ultrasonic signals, the emitted ultrasonic waves are reflected after encountering the coral reef, the signals are transmitted to the underwater vehicle 5, and then the position of the underwater vehicle 5 is controlled to keep a proper distance between the sewage suction head 10 and the coral reef.

The sewage suction pump 3 works, turbid seawater is sucked into the treatment tank 2 through the connecting hose 11 and the sewage suction head 10, specifically, a circle of guide plates 12 are arranged in the treatment tank 2, and the sewage suction pump 3 is provided with a jet device 13 which jets towards the guide plates 12; the ejector 13 is provided with a plurality of jet ports, the sewage suction pump 3 discharges turbid seawater into the ejector 13, then the ejector 13 irradiates the turbid seawater to the guide plate 12 through the plurality of jet ports, and the turbid seawater jet flow forms a turbulent vortex with intense turbulence after striking the guide plate 12, so that the turbid seawater in the treatment tank 2 is stirred, the uniform mixing of the medicament and the turbid seawater is further promoted, the reaction medicament and suspended solids in the turbid seawater are fully contacted and reacted to form floccules, and the seawater is dehazed. The flocculating constituent forms the dross come-up under the parcel of the bubble that aeration mechanism filled, can stir turbid sea water automatically through setting up ejector 13 and guide plate 12, has omitted the agitated vessel that adopts in the prior art like this, has reduced cost and energy consumption.

To discharge the floating scum to the separator 4; specifically, a coaming 14 is arranged on the outer side of the treatment tank 2, an air chamber 15 is formed between the coaming 14 and the side wall of the treatment tank 2 and between the coaming and the sea surface, the air chamber 15 is communicated with the treatment tank 2 through a first one-way valve 16, the air outlet direction of the first one-way valve 16 faces the separator 4, and the position of the first one-way valve 16 is higher than the liquid level in the treatment tank 2.

The seawater wave will float the whole device up and down in the natural motion process, so that the space of the air chamber 15 is compressed, the air in the air chamber 15 flows into the treatment tank 2 through the first one-way valve 16, and the generated air flow blows the scum towards the separator 4, so that the generated scum is continuously discharged out of the treatment tank 2. By utilizing the natural oscillation energy of the sea water waves, the air chamber 15 generates pulse air flow similar to positive and negative alternation, and the scum in the treatment tank 2 can be continuously treated, so that equipment such as a scum scraper and the like adopted in the prior art are omitted, and the cost and the energy consumption are reduced.

Preferably, in the embodiment, the slag collecting groove 17 is arranged on the inner side of the top of the treatment tank 2, the slag collecting groove 17 is of an inverted U-shaped plate structure or two parallel plate structures, two ends of the slag collecting groove 17 respectively correspond to the first one-way valve 16 and the separator 4, and the outlet of the separator 4 is provided with the second one-way valve 18. The purpose of the slag collecting groove 17 is to collect the slag, so that the slag is prevented from scattering around when the slag is blown by the high-speed air flow emitted by the first one-way valve 16, and the slag discharging efficiency is ensured. The second one-way valve 18 is used for preventing external air from entering, so that when the inside of the treatment tank 2 is under negative pressure, the second one-way valve 18 is closed, and the first one-way valve 16 is opened, so that the air in the air chamber 15 is discharged into the treatment tank 2; when the treatment tank 2 is under positive pressure, the first one-way valve 16 is closed, and the second one-way valve 18 is opened to discharge the surplus air in the treatment tank 2, so that the scum is driven to flow to the separator 4.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the baffle 12 is obliquely disposed, and the included angle between the baffle 12 and the bottom of the treatment tank 2 is an acute angle, so that the jet direction of the jet device 13 is a horizontal direction, and after the water flow jetted by the jet device 13 hits the baffle 12, the water flow will flow downward reversely, so as to form a turbulent vortex to stir the turbid seawater. In this embodiment, the treatment tank 2 has a circular structure, the baffle 12 is an annular plate, and the sewage suction pump 3 and the ejector are disposed on the central axis of the treatment tank 2.

Preferably, in this embodiment, one end of the baffle 12 is fixed at the bottom of the treatment tank 2, the other end of the baffle 12 is provided with a circle of baffle 19 vertically arranged, a porous medium annular plate 20 is arranged between the baffle 19 and the inner wall of the treatment tank 2, a drainage tank 21 is formed between the porous medium annular plate 20 and the baffle 12 and between the porous medium annular plate and the inner wall of the treatment tank 2, and a drainage pump 22 is arranged in the drainage tank 21. The baffle 19 is the annular plate, and the height of baffle 19 is less than the lowest position of album slag groove 17, and the liquid level of turbid sea water is higher than the height of baffle 19, and the turbid sea water after handling flows to the top of porous medium annular plate 20 after crossing baffle 19, and porous medium annular plate 20 filters the back, and clear water flows to drainage tank 21, discharges into the sea water again after the effect of drain pump 22, can continuously carry out the sea water and remove turbid treatment like this.

In the present embodiment, a backwash pipe 23 for backwashing the porous medium annular plate 20 is provided in the drainage tank 21, and the backwash pipe 23 is connected to the aeration mechanism. The back flushing pipe 23 has the function of preventing the precipitated impurities from blocking the porous medium annular plate 20 and guaranteeing the filtering effect. The backwash tube 23 is connected to the aeration mechanism so that no additional air supply equipment is required. The backwash tube 23 is annularly arranged below the porous medium annular plate 20 and is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes or aeration struts at intervals.

In this embodiment, the aeration mechanism includes an air pump 24, an aeration pipe 25 and an aeration column 26, the air pump 24 is disposed at the top of the treatment tank 2, the aeration column 26 is disposed at the bottom of the treatment tank 2, the aeration column 26 is vertically provided with a plurality of aeration columns in a row, the aeration pipe 25 communicates the air pump 24 with the aeration column 26, specifically, the aeration pipe 25 and the backwash pipe 23 are connected with the air pump 24 through a three-way joint, or the backwash pipe 23 is disposed on the aeration pipe 25, the aeration pipe 25 and the backwash pipe 23 are respectively provided with a first valve 27 and a second valve 28, the first valve 27 controls the ventilation of the aeration pipe 25, and the second aeration pipe 25 controls the ventilation of the backwash pipe 23; under normal operation, the second valve 28 is in a closed state, the first valve 27 is in an open state, and air flow generated by the air pump 24 can be introduced into the turbid seawater through the aeration pipe 25 and the aeration column 26 to generate a plurality of tiny bubbles so as to play a role in stirring and mixing the turbid seawater; when the porous medium annular plate 20 needs to be dredged, the first valve 27 can be closed or opened, the second valve 28 can be opened, and air flow generated by the air pump 24 is discharged upwards from the lower part of the porous medium annular plate 20 through the backwashing pipe 23, so that a backwashing effect is realized.

In this embodiment, the dosing mechanism includes a medicine storage tank 29 and an atomizer 30, the atomizer 30 is used for atomizing the medicine in the medicine storage tank 29, and the atomizer 30 is connected with the aeration pipe 25; the atomizer 30 introduces the atomized agent into the aeration pipe 25, so that the micro-bubbles introduced into the turbid seawater by the aeration pipe 25 contain the agent, and the agent and suspended matters in the turbid seawater are flocculated rapidly.

Preferably, the position of the air pipe corresponding to the slag collecting groove 17 is provided with an air outlet pipe 31, and the air outlet pipe 31 is provided with a third valve 32; because the sea water waves have instability, there is a possibility that there is a calm moment when the sea water waves are insufficient to generate high-speed air flow to blow the dross movement, at this time, the third valve 32 is opened, and the air flow generated by the air pump 24 is utilized to blow the dross movement, so that the dross is normally discharged; in the present embodiment, the air pump 24 has a three-purpose function, which greatly saves costs.

In the present embodiment, the soil pick-up head 10 is disposed on the underwater vehicle 5 through the hollow connecting rod 33, the hollow connecting rod 33 is connected with the connecting hose 11, the soil pick-up head 10 is provided with the filter screen 34, and the filter screen 34 prevents the large-scale sundries from being sucked in to block the connecting hose 11.

In this embodiment, according to actual demands, the underwater vehicle 5 is provided in plurality, the plurality of connection hoses 11 are connected to the sewage suction pump 3 through the main pipe 35, and the main pipe 35 is provided at the bottom of the treatment tank.

In the embodiment, the connecting hose 11 is a high molecular polyethylene corrugated pipe, and has the characteristics of wear resistance, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, impact energy absorption and no scaling; the length of the connection hose 11 can be appropriately adjusted to accommodate variations in the working range.

In this embodiment, the treatment tank 2 is provided with a liquid level sensor 36, the height of the liquid level sensor 36 is lower than that of the first check valve 16 and higher than that of the top of the partition plate 19, so that after the liquid level sensor 36 senses the water level, the sewage suction pump 3 stops working, and the water level is ensured not to be higher than that of the first check valve 16.

In the embodiment, the device utilizes the air floatation principle, the wave oscillation motion principle and the jet mixing principle to realize the economical, efficient and rapid turbidity removal of the seawater, and effectively relieves the adverse effect of the acute turbidity rise of the seawater on corals caused by artificial dredging activities, coast engineering construction and the like.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.

Claims (10)

1. A device for reducing the turbidity of seawater in a coral reef area, comprising: the device comprises a floating body (1), a treatment tank (2), a dosing mechanism, an aeration mechanism, a sewage suction pump (3), a separator (4), an underwater vehicle (5), an anchor chain (6) and a fixed base (7);

the treatment tank (2) is arranged on the floating body (1), and the dosing mechanism, the aeration mechanism and the separator (4) are arranged on the treatment tank (2);

the fixed base (7) is placed on the sea bottom, one end of the anchor chain (6) is connected with the fixed base (7), and the other end of the anchor chain is connected with the floating body (1);

the underwater vehicle (5) is provided with a turbidity sensor (8), an ultrasonic sensor (9) and a sewage suction head (10);

the sewage suction pump (3) is arranged in the treatment tank (2) and is connected with the sewage suction head (10) through a connecting hose (11);

a circle of guide plates (12) are arranged in the treatment tank (2), and a jet device (13) which faces to the jet of the guide plates (12) is arranged on the sewage suction pump (3);

the outside of handling pond (2) is equipped with bounding wall (14), bounding wall (14) with form air chamber (15) between the lateral wall and the sea of handling pond (2), air chamber (15) through first check valve (16) with handle pond (2) intercommunication and make the direction of giving vent to anger of first check valve (16) orientation separator (4), the position of first check valve (16) is higher than liquid level in handling pond (2).

2. The coral reef sea area sea level turbidity reducing device of claim 1, wherein: the inside slag collecting groove (17) that is equipped with in top of handling pond (2), slag collecting groove (17) are U template structure or two parallel plate structures of inversion, the both ends of slag collecting groove (17) correspond respectively first check valve (16) with separator (4), the export of separator (4) is equipped with second check valve (18).

3. A coral reef sea area sea level turbidity reducing device as defined in claim 2, wherein: the guide plate (12) is obliquely arranged, an included angle between the guide plate (12) and the bottom of the treatment tank (2) is an acute angle, and the ejection direction of the ejector (13) is a horizontal direction.

4. A coral reef sea area reduction means as defined in claim 3, wherein: one end of the guide plate (12) is fixed at the bottom of the treatment tank (2), a circle of baffle (19) which is vertically arranged is arranged at the other end of the guide plate (12), a porous medium annular plate (20) is arranged between the baffle (19) and the inner wall of the treatment tank (2), a drainage tank (21) is formed between the porous medium annular plate (20) and the guide plate (12) and between the inner walls of the treatment tank (2), and a drainage pump (22) is arranged in the drainage tank (21).

5. A coral reef sea area sea level reducing apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: a backwash pipe (23) for backwashing the porous medium annular plate (20) is arranged in the drainage tank (21), and the backwash pipe (23) is connected with the aeration mechanism.

6. The coral reef sea area sea level reducing device of claim 5, wherein: the aeration mechanism comprises an air pump (24), an aeration pipe (25) and an aeration column (26), wherein a plurality of aeration columns (26) are vertically arranged, the aeration pipe (25) and the back flushing pipe (23) are connected with the air pump (24) through three-way connectors, and a first valve (27) and a second valve (28) are respectively arranged on the aeration pipe (25) and the back flushing pipe (23).

7. The coral reef sea area sea level reducing device of claim 6, wherein: the dosing mechanism comprises a medicine storage tank (29) and an atomizer (30), and the atomizer (30) is connected with the aeration pipe (25); an air outlet pipe (31) is arranged on the aeration pipe (25) at a position corresponding to the slag collecting groove (17), and a third valve (32) is arranged on the air outlet pipe (31).

8. A coral reef sea area reduction means as defined in any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the sewage suction head (10) is arranged on the underwater vehicle (5) through a hollow connecting rod (33), the hollow connecting rod (33) is connected with the connecting hose (11), and a filter screen (34) is arranged on the sewage suction head (10).

9. The coral reef sea area sea level turbidity reducing device of claim 8, wherein: the underwater vehicle (5) is provided with a plurality of connecting hoses (11) which are connected with the sewage suction pump (3) through a main pipe (35).

10. The coral reef sea area sea level turbidity reducing device of claim 9, wherein: the connecting hose (11) is a high-molecular polyethylene corrugated pipe, a liquid level sensor (36) is arranged in the treatment tank (2), and the height of the liquid level sensor (36) is lower than that of the first one-way valve (16).