CN116785555A - Telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, catheter system and use method thereof - Google Patents

Telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, catheter system and use method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116785555A
CN116785555A CN202211280924.2A CN202211280924A CN116785555A CN 116785555 A CN116785555 A CN 116785555A CN 202211280924 A CN202211280924 A CN 202211280924A CN 116785555 A CN116785555 A CN 116785555A
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tubular member
catheter
memory alloy
shape memory
telescopic
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齐鹏
姚天亮
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, a catheter system and a use method. The catheter comprises an inner coaxial tubular member and an outer coaxial tubular member which are nested; the proximal end of the outer layer tubular member is provided with a shape memory alloy spring which drives the inner layer tubular member to move in a telescopic way in the outer layer tubular member under an ambient temperature field; the inner layer tubular member is internally provided with a shape memory alloy wire and a lead wire from the proximal end to the distal end, and the shape memory alloy wire drives the inner layer tubular member to deform under the environment temperature field of sectional temperature control; the distal end of the inner tubular member is provided with a surgical function cabin; the inner tubular member is provided with a magnetic sensor near the distal end of the surgical functional cartridge. The catheter has the characteristics of small volume, simple structure and easy control; the invention can lead the medical supplies to reach the focus positions which are usually difficult to reach, such as the tail ends of blood vessels, capillaries and the like; the deformation can be realized independently in a segmented way, and the bending degree of the human blood vessel can be effectively attached.

Description

Telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, catheter system and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent medical instruments, in particular to a telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, a catheter system and a use method thereof.
Background
Endovascular access catheters are one of the main instruments for endovascular access techniques. Intravascular interventional catheters may be classified into contrast interventional catheters, drug delivery interventional catheters, angioplasty interventional catheters, foreign body extraction interventional catheters, etc. according to different uses. All internal interventional catheters have in common: i.e. must come into contact with blood and follow the curved vessel to the distal lesion.
However, blood vessels in the human body have thick and thin, curved paths. Current catheters are largely fixed in a multi-shape, providing limited range of motion, and most of the current catheters are ineffective once lesions appear in capillaries, detours and diseased vessels.
The patent application 201780068465.2 discloses a telescopic catheter which adopts a push type telescopic mode and can realize telescopic and rotary movement of the catheter through handle control or motor driving. However, the catheter cannot be flexible, the shape of the blood vessel can be accurately attached, and when the catheter is used by an operator or an intelligent operation system, the posture of the catheter needs to be regulated all the time, so that the requirements on precision and time delay are high.
Therefore, developing a telescopic vascular interventional catheter that can adapt to the shape of a blood vessel is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Because of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, a telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter system and a use method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot adapt to the complex shape of a blood vessel.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, comprising an inner coaxial tubular member and an outer coaxial tubular member which are nested; the tubular member has a proximal end, a distal end, and a passageway extending between the proximal end and the distal end; the inner tubular member is movably sleeved inside the outer tubular member; the device is characterized in that the proximal end of the outer layer tubular member is provided with a shape memory alloy spring, and the shape memory alloy spring drives the inner layer tubular member to stretch and move in the outer layer tubular member under an ambient temperature field; a shape memory alloy wire and a lead wire are arranged in the inner layer tubular member from the proximal end to the distal end, and the shape memory alloy wire drives the inner layer tubular member to deform under the environment temperature field of sectional temperature control; the distal end of the inner tubular member is provided with a surgical functional cartridge which loads medical supplies involved in surgery according to actual surgical demands; the inner tubular member is provided with a magnetic sensor near the distal end of the surgical functional cartridge.
The catheter can drive the extension and retraction of the catheter through the shape memory alloy spring, and extend out of the inner tubular member to enter a thinner blood vessel; the flexibility of the inner layer tubular member of the catheter can be realized through the shape memory alloy wire, and the catheter has the advantages of small volume, simple structure and easy control. The distal end of the inner-layer tubular member is provided with a functional bin which can help doctors to realize medical operation.
Further, the diameter of the inner tubular member of the catheter is 2.5-2.7 mm, the diameter of the outer tubular member is 3.2-3.5 mm, the diameter of the shape memory alloy spring is 1.8-2 mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire is 0.7-0.9 mm.
Further, the outer walls of the two layers of the tubular member are provided with a hydrogel coating. This feature facilitates sliding of the catheter within the compact vessel without seizing.
Further, the wires comprise an electric heating wire, a power wire and a communication wire; the electric heating wires are connected in sections, and the non-uniformity of the ambient temperature field is realized by changing the access voltage of each section of electric heating wires; the shape memory alloy spring and the shape memory alloy wire are correspondingly deformed when the electric heating wire works to change the ambient temperature; the power line supplies power for the operation function cabin; the communication line is connected with a controller outside the catheter and receives and feeds back control signals of the operation function cabin.
Further, the shape memory alloy wire and the lead wire are arranged along the central axis direction; the inner layer tubular member is internally provided with a fixing piece along the radial direction; the fixing piece is externally connected with the inner wall of the inner tubular member and restrains the positions of the shape memory alloy wires and the conducting wires.
Further, the cross sections of the electric heating wire, the power wire and the communication wire are positioned at different positions of the same circumference taking a point on the central axis as the center of a circle.
Further, the shape memory alloy spring and the shape memory alloy wire are both made of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy; the medical supplies loaded by the operation function bin comprise one or more of a miniature endoscope, a miniature guide wire, a medicine to be delivered, a miniature operation clamp and a miniature balloon.
In another aspect, the invention provides a telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter system, comprising the telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, a medical magnetic field generator, a telescopic control module and a shape control module; the telescopic control module comprises a shape memory alloy spring temperature control circuit and a microcontroller; the shape control module comprises a shape memory alloy wire temperature control circuit and a microcontroller; the microcontrollers of the telescoping control module and the shape control module may be integrated or may be discrete.
Further, the telescoping vascular interventional procedure catheter system also includes a removable sealing mechanism at the connection site of the inner tubular member and the outer tubular member.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the above-described telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter system, comprising the steps of:
step S1, before operation, a doctor models the vascular position of a patient by using an in-vitro radiography device;
step S2, when a doctor operates the motion of the catheter in operation, the distal end position of the catheter is positioned by combining modeling of a patient before operation by utilizing a magnetic field generator and a magnetic sensor in the catheter; judging the thickness, bifurcation and bending conditions of the peripheral blood vessels at the position of the catheter through in-vitro radiography analysis in the operation; if the thickness of the blood vessel is changed, an instruction is sent to the microprocessor, and the telescopic transformation of the catheter is realized by adjusting the shape memory alloy spring control circuit, so that the inner tubular member of the catheter enters a finer blood vessel; if the catheter reaches the bifurcation and the bending position of the blood vessel, a doctor can change the shape of a specific section of the inner tubular member by adjusting the shape memory alloy wire control circuit, and the catheter can continuously go to the focus along a set route;
and step S3, when the catheter reaches the operation position, a doctor can accurately treat the patient by controlling medical supplies loaded in the operation function bin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the embedded shape memory alloy wire and the shape memory alloy spring are adopted as deformation driving, so that the device has the advantages of small volume, simple structure and easiness in control;
2. the medical supplies loaded by the catheter can reach the lesion sites which are usually difficult to reach such as the tail end of a blood vessel, a capillary vessel and the like, and the operation effect can be effectively improved;
3. can realize deformation independently by sections, more effectively attach to the bending degree of the human blood vessel, and improve the safety and accuracy of the operation.
Drawings
The invention and its features, aspects and advantages will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings. Like numbers refer to like parts throughout. The drawings may not be to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a catheter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a deformation structure of a catheter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the interior of an outer tubular member according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a radial cross-section A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a radial cross-section of B-B of FIG. 3;
wherein, 1, an inner tubular member; 2. an outer tubular member; 3. a surgical functional bin; 4. a magnetic sensor; 11. a shape memory alloy wire; 12. a wire; 13. a fixing piece; 21. a shape memory alloy spring; 121. an electric heating wire; 122. a power line; 123. a communication line.
Detailed Description
The structure of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a telescoping vascular interventional procedure catheter comprises an inner and outer nested coaxial tubular member; the tubular member having a proximal end, a distal end, and a passageway extending between the proximal and distal ends; the inner tubular member 1 is movably sleeved inside the outer tubular member; the proximal end of the outer layer tubular member 2 is provided with a shape memory alloy spring 21, and the shape memory alloy spring 21 drives the inner layer tubular member 1 to move telescopically in the outer layer tubular member 2 under the ambient temperature field; a shape memory alloy wire 11 and a lead wire 12 (see fig. 3) are arranged in the inner tubular member 1 from the proximal end to the distal end, and the shape memory alloy wire 11 drives the inner tubular member 1 to deform under the environment temperature field of sectional temperature control; the distal end of the inner tubular member 1 is provided with a surgical functional cabin 3, and the surgical functional cabin 3 loads medical supplies involved in surgery according to actual surgical demands; the inner tubular member is provided with a magnetic sensor 4 near the distal end of the surgical functional cartridge. Referring to fig. 2, the catheter may be flexibly deformed under the drive of an ambient temperature field.
The diameter of the inner tubular member 1 of the catheter may be 2.5-2.7 mm, the diameter of the outer tubular member 2 may be 3.2-3.5 mm, the diameter of the shape memory alloy spring 21 may be 1.8-2 mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire 11 may be 0.7-0.9 mm. As a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the outer tubular member 2 is 3.5mm, the diameter of the inner tubular member 1 may be 2.7mm, the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire 11 is 0.8mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy spring 21 is 1.9mm.
As a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the two-layer tubular member is provided with a hydrogel coating. This feature facilitates sliding of the catheter within the compact vessel without seizing.
Referring to fig. 3, the shape memory alloy wire 11 and the lead wire 12 are disposed along the central axis direction; the inner tubular member is provided with a fixing piece 13 along the radial direction; the fixing piece 13 is externally connected with the inner wall of the inner tubular member 1, is hollow in the middle, passes through the shape memory alloy wire 11 and restrains the position of the shape memory alloy wire 11; the anchor tab is perforated in the extension channel of the lead 12. The deformation of the inner tubular member 1 by the shape memory alloy wires 11 is transmitted through the fixing pieces 13.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the wire 12 of the present embodiment includes an electric heating wire 121, a power supply wire 122, and a communication wire 123; the cross sections of the electric heating wire 121, the power wire 122 and the communication wire 123 are located at different positions on the same circumference with a point on the central axis as the center. The fixing piece 13 is cross-shaped, and the electric heating wire 121, the power wire 122 and the communication wire 123 respectively penetrate through one of gaps around the fixing piece 13 and the inner tubular member 1. The electric heating wires 121 are connected in sections, and the non-uniformity of the ambient temperature field is realized by changing the connection voltage of each section of electric heating wires 121; the shape memory alloy spring 21 and the shape memory alloy wire 11 are correspondingly deformed when the electric heating wire 121 works to change the ambient temperature; the power cord 122 supplies power to the operation function cabin 3; communication line 123 connects the controller external to the catheter and receives and feeds back control signals from the surgical functional cartridge 3. The magnetic sensor 4 is arranged at the distal end of the inner tubular member near the surgical functional cartridge, preferably fixed to a stator 13.
The shape memory alloy spring 21 and the shape memory alloy wire 11 are made of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy; it will be appreciated that other shape memory alloy materials having temperature responsive characteristics are also possible. The number of the operation function cartridges 3 can be set according to medical needs, and the loaded medical supplies comprise one or more of miniature endoscopes, miniature guide wires, medicines to be delivered, miniature operation clamps and miniature balloons.
A telescopic vascular intervention operation catheter system comprises the telescopic vascular intervention operation catheter, a medical magnetic field generator, a telescopic control module and a shape control module; the telescopic control module comprises a shape memory alloy spring temperature control circuit and a microcontroller; the shape control module comprises a shape memory alloy wire temperature control circuit and a microcontroller; the microcontrollers of the telescoping control module and the shape control module may be integrated or may be discrete. As a preferred embodiment, the microcontroller of the telescoping control module and the shape control module are integrated.
A method of using the above-described telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter system, comprising the steps of:
step S1, before operation, a doctor models the vascular position of a patient by using an in-vitro radiography device;
step S2, when a doctor operates the motion of the catheter in operation, the distal end position of the catheter is positioned by combining modeling of a patient before operation by utilizing a magnetic field generator and a magnetic sensor in the catheter; judging the thickness, bifurcation and bending conditions of the peripheral blood vessels at the position of the catheter through in-vitro radiography analysis in the operation; if the thickness of the blood vessel is changed, an instruction is sent to the microprocessor, and the telescopic transformation of the catheter is realized by adjusting the shape memory alloy spring control circuit, so that the inner tubular member of the catheter enters a finer blood vessel; if the catheter reaches the bifurcation and the bending position of the blood vessel, a doctor can change the shape of a specific section of the inner tubular member by adjusting the shape memory alloy wire control circuit, and the catheter can continuously go to the focus along a set route;
and step S3, when the catheter reaches the operation position, a doctor can accurately treat the patient by controlling medical supplies loaded in the operation function bin.
Example 2
A telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter and a catheter system thereof are similar to the embodiment 1 in structure and implementation method, and the difference is that the diameter of the outer tubular member 2 is 3.2mm, the diameter of the inner tubular member 1 can be 2.5mm, the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire 11 is 0.7mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy spring 21 is 1.8mm, similar to the embodiment 1. The microcontrollers of the telescoping control module and the shape control module are discrete. The telescoping vascular interventional procedure catheter system further includes a removable sealing mechanism at the connection site of the inner tubular member and the outer tubular member.
Example 3
A telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter and a catheter system thereof are similar to the embodiment 1 in structure and implementation method, and the difference is that the diameter of the outer tubular member 2 is 3.5mm, the diameter of the inner tubular member 1 can be 2.7mm, the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire 11 is 0.9mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy spring 21 is 2mm, similar to the embodiment 1.
In summary, the present invention provides a telescopic vascular interventional catheter, a catheter system and a method of use. The catheter comprises an inner coaxial tubular member and an outer coaxial tubular member which are nested; the proximal end of the outer layer tubular member is provided with a shape memory alloy spring which drives the inner layer tubular member to move in a telescopic way in the outer layer tubular member under an ambient temperature field; the inner layer tubular member is internally provided with a shape memory alloy wire and a lead wire from the proximal end to the distal end, and the shape memory alloy wire drives the inner layer tubular member to deform under the environment temperature field of sectional temperature control; the distal end of the inner tubular member is provided with a surgical function cabin; the inner tubular member is provided with a magnetic sensor near the distal end of the surgical functional cartridge. The catheter has the characteristics of small volume, simple structure and easy control; the invention can lead the medical supplies to reach the focus positions which are usually difficult to reach, such as the tail ends of blood vessels, capillaries and the like; the deformation can be realized independently in a segmented way, and the bending degree of the human blood vessel can be effectively attached.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the skilled person can implement the modification in combination with the prior art and the above embodiments, and this will not be repeated here. Such modifications do not affect the essence of the present invention, and are not described herein.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, wherein devices and structures not described in detail are to be understood as being implemented in a manner common in the art; any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention or modifications to equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, using the methods and technical contents disclosed above, without affecting the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, which comprises an inner coaxial tubular member and an outer coaxial tubular member which are nested; the tubular member has a proximal end, a distal end, and a passageway extending between the proximal end and the distal end; the inner tubular member is movably sleeved inside the outer tubular member; it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the proximal end of the outer tubular member is provided with a shape memory alloy spring which drives the inner tubular member to move telescopically in the outer tubular member under an ambient temperature field; a shape memory alloy wire and a lead wire are arranged in the inner layer tubular member from the proximal end to the distal end, and the shape memory alloy wire drives the inner layer tubular member to deform under the environment temperature field of sectional temperature control; the distal end of the inner tubular member is provided with a surgical functional cartridge which loads medical supplies involved in surgery according to actual surgical demands; the inner tubular member is provided with a magnetic sensor near the distal end of the surgical functional cartridge.
2. A telescopic vascular interventional catheter according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the inner tubular member of the catheter is 2.5-2.7 mm, the diameter of the outer tubular member is 3.2-3.5 mm, the diameter of the shape memory alloy spring is 1.8-2 mm, and the diameter of the shape memory alloy wire is 0.7-0.9 mm.
3. A telescopic vascular interventional catheter according to claim 1, wherein the outer walls of both layers of the tubular members are provided with a hydrogel coating.
4. A telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter according to claim 1, wherein the wires comprise an electrical heating wire, a power wire and a communication wire; the electric heating wires are connected in sections, and the non-uniformity of the ambient temperature field is realized by changing the access voltage of each section of electric heating wires; the shape memory alloy spring and the shape memory alloy wire are correspondingly deformed when the electric heating wire works to change the ambient temperature; the power line supplies power for the operation function cabin; the communication line is connected with a controller outside the catheter and receives and feeds back control signals of the operation function cabin.
5. A telescopic vascular interventional catheter according to claim 4, wherein the shape memory alloy wire and the guide wire are arranged along the central axis; the inner layer tubular member is internally provided with a fixing piece along the radial direction; the fixing piece is externally connected with the inner wall of the inner tubular member and restrains the positions of the shape memory alloy wires and the conducting wires.
6. A telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter according to claim 5, wherein the cross sections of the electrical heating wire, the power wire and the communication wire are located at different positions on the same circumference centered at a point on the central axis.
7. A telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the shape memory alloy spring and shape memory alloy wire are both of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy; the medical supplies loaded by the operation function bin comprise one or more of a miniature endoscope, a miniature guide wire, a medicine to be delivered, a miniature operation clamp and a miniature balloon.
8. A telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter system, comprising a telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a medical magnetic field generator, a telescopic control module, a shape control module; the telescopic control module comprises a shape memory alloy spring temperature control circuit and a microcontroller; the shape control module comprises a shape memory alloy wire temperature control circuit and a microcontroller; the microcontrollers of the telescoping control module and the shape control module may be integrated or may be discrete.
9. The telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter system of claim 8, further comprising a removable sealing mechanism at the junction of the inner tubular member and the outer tubular member.
10. A method of using the telescopic vascular interventional procedure catheter system of claim 8 or 9, comprising the steps of:
step S1, before operation, a doctor models the vascular position of a patient by using an in-vitro radiography device;
step S2, when a doctor operates the motion of the catheter in operation, the distal end position of the catheter is positioned by combining modeling of a patient before operation by utilizing a magnetic field generator and a magnetic sensor in the catheter; judging the thickness, bifurcation and bending conditions of the peripheral blood vessels at the position of the catheter through in-vitro radiography analysis in the operation; if the thickness of the blood vessel is changed, an instruction is sent to the microprocessor, and the telescopic transformation of the catheter is realized by adjusting the shape memory alloy spring control circuit, so that the inner tubular member of the catheter enters a finer blood vessel; if the catheter reaches the bifurcation and the bending position of the blood vessel, a doctor can change the shape of a specific section of the inner tubular member by adjusting the shape memory alloy wire control circuit, and the catheter can continuously go to the focus along a set route;
and step S3, when the catheter reaches the operation position, a doctor can accurately treat the patient by controlling medical supplies loaded in the operation function bin.
CN202211280924.2A 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, catheter system and use method thereof Pending CN116785555A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211280924.2A CN116785555A (en) 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, catheter system and use method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211280924.2A CN116785555A (en) 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, catheter system and use method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116785555A true CN116785555A (en) 2023-09-22

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CN202211280924.2A Pending CN116785555A (en) 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Telescopic vascular interventional operation catheter, catheter system and use method thereof

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