CN116784876A - Novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system and method capable of achieving wearable real-time monitoring - Google Patents
Novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system and method capable of achieving wearable real-time monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of shear wave ultrasonic imaging, and discloses a novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method and system for wearable real-time monitoring, and data acquisition: the probe is utilized to generate acoustic radiation force and transverse wave and track, imitation tissue body models with different elasticity are manually manufactured to serve as measuring objects, and the mechanical index of the seismic source is obtained; and (3) data processing: the transient tissue velocity on each element beam is estimated by two-dimensional autocorrelation, and the transient tissue velocity is filtered to calculate the shear modulus. In order to measure the shear elastic modulus of skeletal muscle by using the wearable device, the invention adopts a customized three-element transducer to realize a transverse wave elastography (SWE); in addition, the beam forming process is omitted from the data processing. Therefore, the transverse resolution of the ternary transducer depends on the diffraction of ultrasound, and the manual die bodies with different elasticity are used in experiments, so that the feasibility of detecting the shear elastic modulus of the wearable human-machine interface is verified by experimental results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shear wave ultrasonic imaging, and particularly relates to a novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system and method capable of achieving wearable real-time monitoring.
Background
At present, the existing ultrasonic detection technology is mostly carried out by adopting B-type ultrasonic detection equipment, and the detection by adopting B-type ultrasonic has the advantages of low cost, real-time image, same acoustic channel as therapeutic ultrasonic, capability of observing deformation necrosis of tissues irradiated by high-intensity focused ultrasonic by using the change of image gray scale, and the like.
However, the existing B-mode ultrasonic-based detection devices use linear or convex array probes, which are expensive, bulky, complex in structure, and not portable and wearable, and are very inconvenient to use in field operation. Shear wave ultrasonic imaging mainly uses the change of the propagation speed of transverse waves in the B ultrasonic detection tissue to distinguish the pathological changes of the tissue. Analysis results show that the morphological information detected by the A-type ultrasonic wave is better in gesture classification. Therefore, there is a need to design a new shear wave ultrasound detection system based on a-mode ultrasound that can be used for wearable real-time monitoring.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows: the existing detection equipment based on B-type ultrasonic uses linear or convex array probes, and the probes and driving equipment thereof have the disadvantages of high price, huge volume, complex structure, portability, wearing incapability and very inconvenient use in field operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system and method for wearable real-time monitoring, in particular to a novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system, method, medium, equipment and terminal for wearable real-time monitoring based on A-type ultrasonic.
The invention is realized in such a way that a novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method for wearable real-time monitoring comprises the following steps:
realizing transverse wave elastography by adopting a customized three-element transducer, wherein the transverse resolution of the three-element transducer depends on the diffraction of ultrasound; the beamforming process was omitted from the data processing, the shear modulus of elasticity of skeletal muscle was measured with a wearable device, and a hand-made phantom with different elasticity was applied in the experiment.
Further, the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method for wearable real-time monitoring comprises the following steps:
step one, data acquisition: the probe is utilized to generate acoustic radiation force and transverse wave and track, imitation tissue body models with different elasticity are manually manufactured to serve as measuring objects, and the mechanical index of the seismic source is obtained;
step two, data processing: the transient tissue velocity on each element beam is estimated by two-dimensional autocorrelation, and the transient tissue velocity is filtered to calculate the shear modulus.
Further, the probe in the first step is composed of three elements, and the center frequencies of the three elements are 5MHz; a circular unit of 7mm diameter is used to generate acoustic radiation force and transverse waves; two rectangular units with the length of 6mm and the width of 4mm are used for tracking transverse waves; the distance between the centers of the two rectangular elements is 5mm.
Manually manufacturing 3 simulated tissue body models with different elasticity to serve as measuring objects; wherein the tissue-imitating body model components are agar, silicon dioxide and water, and the weight of the agar is 1%, 1.5% and 2% respectively; silica was used as a diffuser, with a weight of 1% in all the mold bodies.
Wherein, the die body is prepared by the following steps:
(1) stirring and heating the water to 90 ℃, and slowly adding agar;
(2) stirring is continued, the solution is cooled to 55 ℃, and silicon dioxide is slowly added;
(3) filtering the solution with a sieve and allowing the solution to degas for at least 4 hours;
(4) storing the mixture in a refrigerator; during degassing and storage, the mold body surface is covered with a small amount of water.
Further, the data acquisition device in the first step further includes:
connecting the circular element to a waveform generator and a power amplifier to obtain a mechanical index MI of 1.2 of the seismic source, and setting the length of the push wave to be 200 mu m; two rectangular elements were connected to the Verasonics system with a pulse repetition frequency PRF set to 10kHz; the waveform generator and the Verasonics system are timed by a trigger, and the waveform generator is controlled by the trigger output process of the Verasonics system; all elements were excited at the center frequency and the sampling frequency of the Verasonics system was set to 20MHz, with 10 measurements per die.
Further, the transient tissue velocity v in the second step is estimated by two-dimensional autocorrelation:
wherein F is s Is the pulse repetition frequency, f s Is the sampling frequency, c is the longitudinal wave velocity, and the formula is based on complex demodulation signals. Taking into account that two paths of analog signals are generated by a piezoelectric element and are digitized into real values by a V erasure system, carrying out in-phase quadrature demodulation on the two paths of signals to obtain an I value and a Q value; since the sampling frequency is four times the element center frequency, the normalized demodulation frequency fdem (1) is 0.25; the two-dimensional autocorrelation sampling lengths of the fast time M and the slow time N are set to 16 and 10, respectively, and the sliding step length of the range gate in the depth direction is set to 1, obtaining the instantaneous tissue velocity on the sound beam corresponding to each element.
Further, the calculating of the shear modulus in the second step includes:
where c is the shear wave velocity and ρ is the density of the phantom.
The transverse wave speed c is calculated as follows: filtering the instantaneous tissue speed through a low-pass filter with cut-off frequency of 1000Hz to remove high-frequency jitter in the time domain speed profile; windowing the speed and averaging 50 samples along the depth direction of 1.875mm, the average data being represented by the initial depth of the corresponding window; and dividing the distance between the centers of the two units by the time delay between the two particle velocity curves, calculating the average value and standard deviation of 10 measured values of each body model, and respectively carrying out normalization processing on the standard deviations of different depths so as to evaluate the stability of the shear elastic modulus measurement of different depths.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system applying the wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method, wherein the wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system is composed of a shear wave generator and two shear wave detection elements.
The distance between the two transverse wave detection elements is different, so that the time for the transverse wave to propagate to the two detection elements is different; the propagation speed of the transverse wave is calculated by obtaining the instantaneous tissue speed on the sound beam corresponding to each element, so that the purpose of shear wave ultrasonic monitoring is achieved.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel portable shear wave ultrasound detection method of wearable real-time monitoring.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel portable shear wave ultrasound detection method of wearable real-time monitoring.
The invention further aims at providing an information data processing terminal which is used for realizing the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system for wearable real-time monitoring.
In combination with the technical scheme and the technical problems to be solved, the technical scheme to be protected has the following advantages and positive effects:
firstly, the wearable shear wave ultrasonic detection device based on the A-type ultrasonic provided by the invention consists of three parts, namely a shear wave generator and two shear wave detection elements, wherein the two shear wave detection elements are provided with a distance difference, so that the time for the shear wave to propagate to the two detection elements is different, the instantaneous tissue speed on the sound beam corresponding to each element is obtained, the propagation speed of the shear wave can be calculated, and the purpose of monitoring the shear wave ultrasonic is achieved.
To measure the shear modulus of elasticity of skeletal muscle with a wearable device, the present invention employs a custom-made three-element transducer to achieve SWE. In addition, the beam forming process is omitted from the data processing. Thus, the lateral resolution of a ternary transducer depends on the diffraction of ultrasound, and hand-made phantoms with different elasticity are used in experiments. The results verify the feasibility of the wearable human-machine interface to detect the shear elastic modulus.
Secondly, the portable A-type ultrasonic-based vibration receiving device provided by the invention is simple and portable, and has low cost. Experiments show that the instantaneous tissue speeds respectively correspond to the two rectangular elements, and the propagation of transverse waves is illustrated by the phase delay between the two curves; the normalized standard deviation of the three phantom measurements varies with depth, with the sum reaching two minima at depths of 7.5mm and 15 mm.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method for wearable real-time monitoring provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe for data acquisition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circular element and two rectangular elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention being used to generate and track transverse waves, respectively;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an estimated tissue velocity provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of normalized standard deviation of measurement and depth provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system and method for wearable real-time monitoring, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method for wearable real-time monitoring provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, data acquisition: the probe is utilized to generate acoustic radiation force and transverse wave and track, imitation tissue body models with different elasticity are manually manufactured to serve as measuring objects, and the mechanical index of the seismic source is obtained;
s102, data processing: the transient tissue velocity on each element beam is estimated by two-dimensional autocorrelation, and the transient tissue velocity is filtered to calculate the shear modulus.
The novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system for wearable real-time monitoring provided by the embodiment of the invention consists of a transverse wave generator and two transverse wave detection elements, wherein the two transverse wave detection elements have a distance difference, so that the time for propagating transverse waves to the two detection elements is different; the propagation speed of the transverse wave is calculated by obtaining the instantaneous tissue speed on the sound beam corresponding to each element, so that the purpose of shear wave ultrasonic monitoring is achieved.
To measure the shear modulus of elasticity of skeletal muscle with a wearable device, the present invention employs a custom-made three-element transducer to achieve SWE. In addition, the beam forming process is omitted from the data processing. Thus, the lateral resolution of a ternary transducer depends on the diffraction of ultrasound. Hand-made mold bodies with different elasticity are used in experiments. The results verify the feasibility of the wearable human-machine interface to detect the shear elastic modulus.
The method comprises the following steps:
a: and (3) data acquisition:
1) Probe:
as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the probe is composed of three elements, the center frequencies of which are all 5MHz. A circular unit of 7mm diameter is used to generate acoustic radiation forces and transverse waves. Two other rectangular units 6mm long and 4mm wide are used to track the transverse wave. The distance between the centers of the two rectangular elements is 5mm.
2) Body model:
3 simulated tissue phantoms with different elasticity are manually made as measuring objects. The components are agar, silica and water. Their elasticity varies depending on the weight of the agar, 1%, 1.5% and 2%, respectively. Silica was used as a diffuser, with a weight of 1% in all the motifs.
The die body is manufactured by the following steps:
(1) stirring and heating the water to 90 ℃, and slowly adding agar;
(2) stirring is continued, the solution is cooled to 55 ℃, and silicon dioxide is slowly added;
(3) filtering the solution with a sieve; allowing the solution to degas for at least 4 hours;
(4) the mixture was stored in a refrigerator. During degassing and storage, the surface of the mold body is covered with a small amount of water to prevent evaporation of water in the mold body.
3) The device comprises:
the circular element was connected to a waveform generator (33250A, agilent, CA) and a power amplifier (240L, electronics & innovation, NY) to give a Mechanical Index (MI) of the source of 1.2. The length of the push wave was set to 200 microns. Two rectangular elements were connected to the Verasonics system (Vantage 128, verasonics, washington), and the Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) was set to 10kHz. Waveform generators and Verasonics systems are clocked by the flip-flops, the waveform generators being controlled by the process of the trigger output of the Verasonics system. All elements were excited at their center frequencies and the sampling frequency of the Verasonics system was set to 20MHz. Ten measurements were made for each mold.
B. Data processing
1) Estimating tissue velocity:
transient tissue velocity v can be estimated by two-dimensional autocorrelation (1), where F s Is the pulse repetition frequency, f s Is the sampling frequency and c is the longitudinal wave velocity. The formula is based on complex demodulation signals. Considering that two paths of analog signals are generated by a piezoelectric element and are digitized into real values by a V erasure system, in-phase quadrature demodulation is carried out on the two paths of signals, and the obtained I value and Q value are obtained. Since the sampling frequency is four times the element center frequency, the normalized demodulation frequency fdem (1) is 0.25. The two-dimensional autocorrelation sampling lengths of the fast time (M) and the slow time (N) are set to 16 and 10, respectively, and the sliding step length of the range gate in the depth direction is set to 1. Then, the instantaneous tissue velocity on the sound beam corresponding to each element can be obtained.
The phase delay between the two curves in fig. 4 illustrates the propagation of the transverse wave, corresponding to the instantaneous tissue velocities of the two rectangular elements, respectively.
2) Calculation of shear modulus:
calculation of transverse wave velocity c: the instantaneous tissue velocity is filtered by a low pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 1000Hz to remove high frequency jitter in the time domain velocity profile. Next, the velocity is windowed and 50 samples are averaged along the depth direction (about 1.875 mm) to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The average data is represented by the initial depth of the corresponding window. The distance between the centers of the two units is then divided by the time delay between the two particle velocity curves. ρ is the density of the phantom. The mean and standard deviation of 10 measurements per phantom were calculated. To evaluate the stability of the shear modulus measurements at different depths, the standard differences at different depths were normalized.
As shown in fig. 5, the normalized standard deviation of the three phantom measurements varies with depth, and their sum reaches two minima at depths of 7.5mm and 15 mm.
An application embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, where the computer device includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method for wearable real-time monitoring.
An application embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method for wearable real-time monitoring.
The application embodiment of the invention provides an information data processing terminal which is used for realizing the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system for wearable real-time monitoring.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be realized in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or special purpose design hardware. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and methods described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such as provided on a carrier medium such as a magnetic disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as read only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The device of the present invention and its modules may be implemented by hardware circuitry, such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., as well as software executed by various types of processors, or by a combination of the above hardware circuitry and software, such as firmware.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method for the wearable real-time monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
realizing transverse wave elastography by adopting a customized three-element transducer, wherein the transverse resolution of the three-element transducer depends on the diffraction of ultrasound; the beamforming process was omitted from the data processing, the shear modulus of elasticity of skeletal muscle was measured with a wearable device, and a hand-made phantom with different elasticity was applied in the experiment.
2. The novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method of wearable real-time monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method of wearable real-time monitoring comprises the following steps:
step one, data acquisition: the probe is utilized to generate acoustic radiation force and transverse wave and track, imitation tissue body models with different elasticity are manually manufactured to serve as measuring objects, and the mechanical index of the seismic source is obtained;
step two, data processing: the transient tissue velocity on each element beam is estimated by two-dimensional autocorrelation, and the transient tissue velocity is filtered to calculate the shear modulus.
3. The method for detecting the wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic waves according to claim 2, wherein the probe in the first step consists of three elements, and the center frequency of each of the three elements is 5MHz; a circular unit of 7mm diameter is used to generate acoustic radiation force and transverse waves; two rectangular units with the length of 6mm and the width of 4mm are used for tracking transverse waves; the distance between the centers of the two rectangular elements is 5mm;
manually manufacturing 3 simulated tissue body models with different elasticity to serve as measuring objects; wherein the tissue-imitating body model components are agar, silicon dioxide and water, and the weight of the agar is 1%, 1.5% and 2% respectively; silica was used as a diffuser, the weight in all the motifs was 1%;
wherein, the die body is prepared by the following steps:
(1) stirring and heating the water to 90 ℃, and slowly adding agar;
(2) stirring is continued, the solution is cooled to 55 ℃, and silicon dioxide is slowly added;
(3) filtering the solution with a sieve and allowing the solution to degas for at least 4 hours;
(4) storing the mixture in a refrigerator; during degassing and storage, the mold body surface is covered with a small amount of water.
4. The method for detecting wearable real-time monitoring portable shear wave ultrasound according to claim 2, wherein the data acquisition device in the first step further comprises:
connecting the circular element to a waveform generator and a power amplifier to obtain a mechanical index MI of 1.2 of the seismic source, and setting the length of the push wave to be 200 mu m; two rectangular elements were connected to the Verasonics system with a pulse repetition frequency PRF set to 10kHz; the waveform generator and the Verasonics system are timed by a trigger, and the waveform generator is controlled by the trigger output process of the Verasonics system; all elements were excited at the center frequency and the sampling frequency of the Verasonics system was set to 20MHz, with 10 measurements per die.
5. The wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method according to claim 2, wherein the transient tissue velocity v in the second step is estimated by two-dimensional autocorrelation:
wherein F is s Is the pulse repetition frequency, f s Is the sampling frequency, c is the longitudinal wave velocity, and the formula is based on complex demodulation signals; the two paths of analog signals are generated by a piezoelectric element, are digitized into real values by a V erasure system, and are subjected to in-phase quadrature demodulation to obtain an I value and a Q value; since the sampling frequency is four times the element center frequency, the normalized demodulation frequency fdem (1) is 0.25; the two-dimensional autocorrelation sampling lengths of the fast time M and the slow time N are set to 16 and 10, respectively, and the sliding step length of the range gate in the depth direction is set to 1, obtaining the instantaneous tissue velocity on the sound beam corresponding to each element.
6. The method for detecting wearable real-time monitoring portable shear wave ultrasound according to claim 2, wherein the calculating of the shear modulus in the second step comprises:
where c is the transverse wave velocity and ρ is the density of the phantom;
the transverse wave speed c is calculated as follows: filtering the instantaneous tissue speed through a low-pass filter with cut-off frequency of 1000Hz to remove high-frequency jitter in the time domain speed profile; windowing the speed and averaging 50 samples along the depth direction of 1.875mm, the average data being represented by the initial depth of the corresponding window; and dividing the distance between the centers of the two units by the time delay between the two particle velocity curves, calculating the average value and standard deviation of 10 measured values of each body model, and respectively carrying out normalization processing on the standard deviations of different depths so as to evaluate the stability of the shear elastic modulus measurement of different depths.
7. A wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system applying the wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wearable real-time monitoring novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system is composed of a shear wave generator and two shear wave detection elements;
the distance between the two transverse wave detection elements is different, so that the time for the transverse wave to propagate to the two detection elements is different; the propagation speed of the transverse wave is calculated by obtaining the instantaneous tissue speed on the sound beam corresponding to each element, so that the purpose of shear wave ultrasonic monitoring is achieved.
8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel portable shear wave ultrasound detection method of wearable real-time monitoring as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel portable shear wave ultrasound detection method of wearable real-time monitoring as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that the information data processing terminal is used for realizing the novel portable shear wave ultrasonic detection system for wearable real-time monitoring according to claim 7.
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