CN116784781A

CN116784781A - Shower nozzle, distal end subassembly and endoscope

Info

Publication number: CN116784781A
Application number: CN202311070698.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周震华; 张翔; 唐鹏
Original assignee: Hunan Vathin Medical Instrument Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Vathin Medical Instrument Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-24
Filing date: 2023-08-24
Publication date: 2023-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-24
Also published as: CN116784781B

Abstract

The invention provides a spray head, a far-end assembly and an endoscope, relates to the field of medical appliances, and solves the problem that the spray head in the prior art cannot effectively guarantee clear operation fields. The spray head is used for a distal end component of the endoscope, in the spray head, the switch valve is normally closed and arranged in front of the spray pipe, and the transmission piece can rotate relative to the spray pipe; the transmission piece is in transmission connection with the spray pipe through the cam surface and the abutting part; the transmission piece and the moving body are in sliding guide fit through the first sliding block and the first spiral groove; the control part can control the moving body to move between a first position and a second position along the axial direction relative to the spray pipe, when the control part is at the first position, the switching valve closes and shields the far-end opening of the spray pipe, and the control part moves from the first position to the second position, and the moving body drives the transmission part to rotate so as to drive the spray pipe to axially move and open the switching valve, so that the far-end outlet of the spray pipe is exposed in the space in front of the switching valve. The invention can prevent dirt and tissues from entering the spray pipe through the closed switch valve when the device is inserted into the natural cavity of a human body, so as to ensure the effect of fluid injection and ensure the clear operation field.

Description

Shower nozzle, distal end subassembly and endoscope

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a spray head, a distal end assembly and an endoscope.

Background

The endoscope is used for directly entering a natural cavity of a human body to check, provides sufficient diagnosis information for doctors, and can be inserted with treatment instruments to finish sampling or treatment of a lesion part if necessary.

The endoscope in the prior art is provided with a spray head for cleaning the surgical field at the far-end component, and the spray head is provided with a flow channel for flushing the front tissue or is provided with a flow channel for flushing the lens and the front tissue at the same time, so that fluid can be guided to flush the area with unclear surgical field. However, the current spray heads have unstable flushing capability, and cannot better ensure the definition of the surgical field.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the purposes of the invention is to design a spray head, a far-end component and an endoscope, which are used for solving the problem that the existing spray head can not effectively ensure the clear operation field.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a spray head, which is used for a distal end component of an endoscope, and comprises a lens seat, wherein the spray head comprises a switch valve, a spray pipe, a transmission piece, a moving body and a control piece; the switch valve is arranged in front of the spray pipe in the axial direction in a normally closed state and is used for being fixedly arranged on the lens seat; the transmission piece is rotatably arranged relative to the spray pipe and is used for being rotatably positioned and connected to the lens seat, one of the transmission piece and the spray pipe is provided with a cam part, and the other is provided with a stopping part matched with the cam surface of the cam part; one of the transmission piece and the moving body is provided with a first sliding block, the other one is provided with a first spiral groove extending along the axial direction in a spiral manner, and the first sliding block is in sliding guide fit with the first spiral groove; the control piece is connected with the moving body and can control the moving body to move between a first position and a second position along the axial direction relative to the spray pipe; the switch valve is closed and shields the distal opening of the spray pipe when the moving body is at the first position; in the process that the moving body moves from the first position to the second position, the moving body drives the transmission piece to rotate relative to the spray pipe, and the transmission piece drives the spray pipe to axially move so as to open the switch valve to a space in front of the switch valve when a far-end outlet of the spray pipe is exposed.

By adopting the arrangement structure, the normally-closed switch valve is arranged in front of the spray pipe, so that the switch valve can shield the far-end outlet of the spray pipe when in a closed state. In this way, in the process of inserting the far-end component into the natural cavity of the human body, the moving body can be kept at the first position, the spray pipe is positioned behind the closed switch valve, the switch valve can prevent dirt and tissues in the natural cavity of the human body from entering the flow passage of the spray pipe, and the spray pipe for spraying fluid is prevented from being blocked. The problems of jet deflection, jet non-concentration, insufficient pressure and even complete blockage can be avoided when the far-end outlet of the jet pipe is exposed in the front space of the switch valve for jetting fluid, and the flushing effect of the jet fluid can be effectively ensured so as to ensure the clear operation field.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the spray pipe comprises a conversion nozzle and a pipe body which is axially butted with the proximal end of the conversion nozzle, the conversion nozzle is provided with a direct spray channel and a side spray channel, the pipe body is provided with a spray hole, and an outlet of the spray hole is eccentrically arranged on the distal end surface of the pipe body; the conversion nozzle is used for being in rotation-stopping connection with the lens seat, and the tube body is arranged in rotation relative to the conversion nozzle; one of the transmission member and the moving body, which is provided with the first spiral groove, is further provided with a first linear groove extending from one end of the first spiral groove along an axial direction in a straight line; one of the moving body and the pipe body is provided with a second linear groove and a second spiral groove which extends from one end of the second linear groove along the axial direction in a spiral manner, and the other one of the moving body and the pipe body is provided with a second sliding block; the second sliding block is in sliding guide fit with the second linear groove under the condition of the first position and the second position of the moving body; the moving body is arranged at the second position, and the outlets of the direct injection runner and the side injection runner are exposed in a space in front of the switch valve; the control can control the moving body to move relative to the spray pipe along the axial direction between the first position and the third position; the movable body is in sliding guide fit with the first linear groove or the joint of the first spiral groove and the first linear groove under the condition of the third position, and the joint of the second sliding block and the second linear groove is in sliding guide fit with the joint of the second spiral groove and the second linear groove; the control can control the moving body to move between the third position and the fifth position along the axial direction relative to the spray pipe; in the process that the moving body moves from the third position to the fifth position, the first sliding block is in sliding guide fit with the first linear groove, the second sliding block is in sliding guide fit with the second spiral groove, and the moving body drives the pipe body to rotate relative to the conversion nozzle, so that the outlet of the injection hole moves between the inlet of the direct injection runner and the inlet of the side injection runner along the circumferential direction to distribute fluid.

When the arrangement structure is adopted, when the moving body moves to the second position relative to the spray pipe, the outlets of the direct spray runner and the side spray runner of the spray pipe are exposed in the space in front of the switch valve, and then the moving body can be continuously moved to control the pipe body to rotate relative to the switching nozzle, so that the outlet of the spray hole can move between the inlet of the direct spray runner and the inlet of the side spray runner along the circumferential direction to distribute fluid into the direct spray runner or the side spray runner when the direct spray runner is communicated with each other, and the direct spray runner can guide the fluid to spray and wash the inspected part or the side spray runner can guide the fluid to spray and wash the lens arranged on the lens seat.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the outlet of the injection hole is provided as a long hole extending in the circumferential direction.

By adopting the arrangement structure, the jet hole outlets arranged into the long holes can be arranged by fully utilizing the circumferential space, and the function of distributing fluid to the direct jet flow channel and the side jet flow channel by moving along the circumferential direction can be achieved under the condition of occupying smaller far-end space layout.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the cam surface of the cam part comprises a driving sub-part and a retaining sub-part which are sequentially connected, the stopping part is matched with the driving sub-part in the process of moving the moving body from the first position to the second position, and the stopping part is matched with the retaining sub-part in the process of moving the moving body from the second position to the fifth position, so that the outlets of the direct injection runner and the side injection runner are kept at positions exposed in a front space of the switching valve.

With the above arrangement, the cam portion maintains the position of the nozzle by holding the sub-portion, so that the nozzle can be prevented from moving proximally during the movement of the movable body from the second position to the fifth position.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the moving body is moved from the third position to the fifth position, and comprises a state that an outlet of the injection hole is communicated with an inlet of the direct injection runner and an inlet of the side injection runner at the same time.

By adopting the arrangement structure, when the moving body moves between the third position and the fifth position, the outlet of the injection hole is independently communicated with the inlet of the direct injection runner, the function of independently flushing the detected part observed by the lens is realized, the outlet of the injection hole is independently communicated with the inlet of the side injection runner, the function of independently flushing the lens is realized, and the outlet of the injection hole is simultaneously communicated with the inlet of the direct injection runner and the inlet of the side injection runner, so that the function of simultaneously flushing the detected part and the lens is realized.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the spray head further comprises a second reset spring, one end of the second reset spring is connected with the switching nozzle, the other end of the second reset spring is connected with the lens base and used for driving the switching nozzle to reset towards the rear of the switch valve.

By adopting the arrangement structure, the second reset spring provides a reset force for the conversion nozzle to reset towards the rear of the switch valve, so that the conversion nozzle can be better kept at the rear of the switch valve under the condition that the spray nozzle is not used, the situation that the spray pipe is opened by mistake can be effectively avoided, dirt and tissues cannot enter the conversion nozzle, the conversion nozzle can be retracted to the rear of the switch valve after the spray nozzle is used, the dirt and the tissues cannot enter the conversion nozzle, and the movement of a far-end component influenced by the conversion nozzle penetrating through the switch valve can be avoided.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the spray head also comprises a corrugated pipe, one end of the corrugated pipe is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the spray pipe, and the other end of the corrugated pipe is fixedly connected with the lens seat.

When adopting above-mentioned setting structure, the bellows self possesses telescopic ability, and its proximal end is used for being connected with the hose that provides fluid, can reduce the hose of being connected with the bellows and receive the tractive effect influence that the spray tube removed, avoids the hose to drop and the problem that breaks to appear.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the spray head further comprises a fixing seat, the fixing seat is used for being fixedly connected with the lens seat, and the transmission piece can rotatably and axially prop against the fixing seat.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the outlet of the side spraying runner is provided with a sector-shaped flaring which gradually expands from inside to outside along the radial direction, and the circumferential length of the sector-shaped flaring is larger than the axial length of the sector-shaped flaring.

When the arrangement structure is adopted, the outlets of the side spraying flow passages which are gradually enlarged from inside to outside along the radial direction form sector-shaped flaring, so that fluid can be guided to be sprayed out in a sector shape to enlarge the flushing face.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the proximal end of the conversion nozzle is provided with a socket hole, and the distal end of the pipe body extends into the socket hole and is in dynamic sealing fit with the peripheral wall of the socket hole.

By adopting the arrangement structure, after the socket is arranged at the proximal end of the conversion nozzle, the conversion nozzle can form dynamic seal fit with the peripheral wall of the pipe body, so that the fluid ejection pressure can be ensured, and the coaxiality of the pipe body and the conversion nozzle can be ensured.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the cam portion and the abutment portion are provided as mutually matched cylindrical cams.

Further, in order to better realize the invention, the following arrangement structure is adopted: the control piece comprises a first reset spring and a traction rope; the distal end of the hauling cable is connected with the moving body and is used for driving the moving body to be axially far away from the first position; one end of the first reset spring is connected with the moving body, and the other end of the first reset spring is connected with the lens seat and used for driving the moving body to reset to the first position.

When the arrangement structure is adopted, the first reset spring provides reset force for the moving body to reset to the first position, and under the condition that the traction rope is not pulled, the first reset spring enables the moving body to be kept at the first position. When the spray head is not used, the traction rope is not required to be pulled at the rear end, so that the far-end outlet of the spray pipe is always positioned behind the switching valve and is shielded, the operation of the far-end assembly in the process of being inserted into a natural cavity of a human body is simpler, the mistaken opening of the switching valve by the spray pipe can be effectively avoided, and dirt and tissues can not enter the spray pipe.

The invention also provides a far-end component, which comprises a lens base, a lens and the spray head; the lens is arranged in a lens mounting hole of the lens base; the spray head is arranged in a spray head mounting hole of the lens seat, the switch valve is fixedly connected with the lens seat, and the moving body is axially movably connected with the lens seat.

The invention also provides an endoscope comprising the distal end assembly.

The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

in the invention, the normally closed on-off valve is arranged in front of the spray pipe, so that the on-off valve can cover the distal outlet of the spray pipe when in a closed state. In this way, in the process of inserting the far-end component into the natural cavity of the human body, the moving body can be kept at the first position, the spray pipe is positioned behind the closed switch valve, the switch valve can prevent dirt and tissues in the natural cavity of the human body from entering the flow passage of the spray pipe, and the spray pipe for spraying fluid is prevented from being blocked. The problems of jet deflection, jet non-concentration, insufficient pressure and even complete blockage can be avoided when the far-end outlet of the jet pipe is exposed in the front space of the switch valve for jetting fluid, and the flushing effect of the jet fluid can be effectively ensured so as to ensure the clear operation field.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the distal assembly when the nozzle does not pass through the on-off valve;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the distal assembly;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of area A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a partial schematic view of the distal assembly with the spout passing through the on-off valve;

FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the region of FIG. 3 as the spout passes through the on-off valve;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the lens mount;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the sprinkler head of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the spray head when the movable body is in the first position;

fig. 9 shows the internal structure of the mover of the structure of fig. 8 with the on-off valve removed;

fig. 10 shows the positional relationship of the injection hole with the direct injection runner and the side injection runner (the injection hole is indicated by a thick solid line) with the movable body in the first position;

Fig. 11 shows a head structure without an on-off valve when the movable body is in the second position (third position);

fig. 12 shows a moving body internal structure of the structure shown in fig. 11;

fig. 13 shows the positional relationship of the injection hole with the direct injection flow path and the side injection flow path (the injection hole is indicated by a thick solid line) with the movable body in the second position (third position);

fig. 14 shows a head structure without an on-off valve when the movable body is in the fourth position;

fig. 15 shows the internal structure of the mobile body of the structure shown in fig. 14;

fig. 16 shows the positional relationship of the injection hole with the direct injection runner and the side injection runner (the injection hole is shown by a thick solid line) with the movable body in the fourth position;

fig. 17 shows a head structure without an on-off valve when the movable body is in the fifth position;

fig. 18 shows the inside structure of the moving body of the structure shown in fig. 17;

fig. 19 shows the positional relationship of the injection hole with the direct injection runner and the side injection runner (the injection hole is shown by a thick solid line) with the movable body in the fifth position;

FIG. 20 is a schematic perspective view of a tube;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the structure of the transmission;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of a mobile body;

fig. 23 is a schematic perspective view of the conversion nozzle.

Marked in the figure as: 10. a spray head; 11. a switch valve; 12. a second return spring; 13. a spray pipe; 131. a switching nozzle; 1311. a direct injection runner; 1312. a side-spraying flow passage; 1313. a first rib; 132. a tube body; 1321. an injection hole; 1322. a driven cam; 14. a transmission member; 141. a driving sub-section; 142. a holding sub-section; 15. a moving body; 151. a second rib; 16. a fixing seat; 17. a bellows; 181. a first return spring; 182. a traction rope; 191. a first helical groove; 192. a first linear groove; 193. a second linear groove; 194. a second helical groove; 195. a first slider; 196. a second slider; 20. a lens; 30. a lens base; 31. and a guide groove.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are used as an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In various embodiments of the present application, "proximal" and "distal" refer to the proximal and distal positions of an endoscope relative to the user's distal assembly in the environment of use. Wherein, the end closer to the user is designated as a "proximal end", and the end farther from the user is designated as a "distal end", wherein, the "distal end" and the "proximal end" also correspond to the front-back relationship, respectively.

The related art head has one flow path for flushing the front tissue alone, and has two flow paths for flushing the lens laterally and for flushing the front tissue forward.

The inventor finds in the study that in the process of inserting a runner in a natural cavity of a human body into the runner in the related art, dirt and tissues in the cavity can enter the runner towards the front, so that the problems of jet deflection, non-concentration of jet, insufficient pressure and even complete blockage can occur when the fluid is sprayed, the flushing effect of the sprayed fluid can not be effectively ensured, and further the clear operation field can not be effectively ensured. In some technical solutions, a valve flap is disposed at a flow passage facing the front, for example, in a technical solution in which two passages facing the front and the side are disposed in a merging passage, a valve flap capable of being opened is disposed at a corner of a 1 st injection passage facing the side, that is, at an inlet of a 2 nd injection passage facing the front, and a high-pressure fluid washes the front tissue by introducing a low-pressure fluid to wash the lens. Because the valve clack is directly arranged at the 2 nd injection channel for directly guiding the fluid to be sprayed, the flushing lens and the front tissue need to be switched by controlling the fluid pressure, and the flushing of the front tissue needs to be carried out under high pressure, so that the tissue can be sputtered onto the lens, the lens is polluted in turn, the operation field can not be effectively ensured to be clear, and the inner wall of a cavity, such as a mucous membrane layer of the inner wall of the cavity, can be damaged.

In one aspect, the present application provides a spray head 10, as shown in FIGS. 1-23, specifically configured as follows:

the nozzle 10 is used for a distal end assembly of an endoscope, the distal end assembly comprises a lens seat 30, a lens 20 is arranged on the lens seat 30, and the nozzle is directly arranged in a nozzle mounting hole reserved on the lens seat 30 of the distal end assembly for use.

As shown in fig. 7, the head 10 includes an on-off valve 11, a spout 13, a transmission member 14, a moving body 15, and an operation member.

The nozzle 13 is an axially extending straight tube with a jet flow channel disposed therein, the jet flow channel forming a distal outlet at the distal end of the nozzle 13 for directing fluid jet to flush the surgical field. The proximal end of the nozzle 13 is adapted to be connected to a hose for supplying fluid, which may be liquid or gas, to the injection flow channel for irrigation of the surgical field.

The on-off valve 11 has an opening/closing function of being provided in a normally closed state in front of the nozzle 13 in the axial direction, and the on-off valve 11 can be opened by applying an axial force toward the distal end and can be closed by itself when the axial force is lost. When the nozzle 10 is mounted on the lens holder 30, the on-off valve 11 is fixedly mounted on the lens holder 30, and the nozzle 13 can apply a distally axial force to the on-off valve 11 to open the on-off valve 11.

The transmission member 14 is used for driving the nozzle 13 to move in the axial direction. The driving member 14 is rotatably connected to the lens holder 30, and the driving member 14 is rotatably disposed with respect to the nozzle 13. When the nozzle 10 is mounted on the lens holder 30, the transmission member 14, the nozzle 13 and the lens holder 30 form a cam mechanism, the lens holder 30 serves as a frame, and the transmission member 14 performs rotational movement relative to the nozzle 13 to drive the nozzle 13 to move in the axial direction. The driving member 14 is used as a driving member, the spray pipe 13 is used as a driven member, one of the driving member 14 and the spray pipe 13 is provided with a cam part, the other is provided with a stopping part matched with the cam surface of the cam part, for example, the cam part can be arranged on the driving member 14, the stopping part is arranged at the middle section of the spray pipe 13, preferably, the driving member 14 is provided with the cam part, the middle section of the spray pipe 13 is provided with the stopping part, and the surface of the stopping part is provided with a curved surface matched with the cam surface of the cam part.

To achieve rotation of the transmission member 14, it is required to be driven by a moving body 15 that moves axially. When the nozzle 10 is mounted on the lens holder 30, the moving body 15 is movably connected to the lens holder 30 through a guiding structure, so that the moving body 15 can stably move along the axial direction without rotating. The transmission member 14 and the moving body 15 are connected by a first slider slide groove mechanism, one of the transmission member 14 and the moving body 15 is provided with a first slider 195 in the first slider slide groove mechanism, the other is provided with a first spiral groove 191 in the first slider slide groove mechanism, the first spiral groove 191 extends spirally in the axial direction, and preferably, in this embodiment, the first spiral groove 191 is provided on the moving body 15, and the first slider 195 is provided on the transmission member 14. The first slider 195 is in sliding guide engagement with the first spiral groove 191, and converts the linear motion of the moving body 15 in the axial direction into the rotational motion of the transmission member 14.

The control is coupled to the movable body 15 and the movable body 15 is controllable to move axially relative to the nozzle 13 between a first position and a second position by an operator remotely controlling the control. As shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 8, when the movable body 15 is in the first position, the first slider 195 is positioned at the proximal end of the first spiral groove 191, and at this time, the on-off valve 11 is in a closed state, and the on-off valve 11 shields the distal opening of the spout 13 from the front; in the process of moving the moving body 15 from the first position to the second position along the axial direction, the first slider 195 gradually moves to the distal end of the first spiral groove 191, so that the moving body 15 drives the driving member 14 to rotate relative to the spray pipe 13 through the guiding action of the first spiral groove 191 on the first slider 195, and the rotating driving member 14 drives the spray pipe 13 to move towards the switch valve 11 along the axial direction through the rotating cam surface; as shown in fig. 4, 5, 11 and 12, when the moving body 15 is in the second position, the first slider 195 is located at the distal end of the first spiral groove 191, and the cam portion rotates circumferentially relative to the abutment portion, so that the nozzle 13 is pushed forward a distance, at this time, the nozzle 13 is inserted into the on-off valve 11, and the on-off valve 11 is maintained in an open state, at this time, the distal outlet of the nozzle 13 is exposed in the space in front of the on-off valve 11, so as to guide the fluid to spray out and flush the operation field.

A normally closed on-off valve 11 is provided in front of the spout 13 such that the on-off valve 11 can conceal the distal outlet of the spout 13 in the closed state. In this way, the movable body 15 can be kept at the first position during the process of inserting the distal end assembly into the natural cavity of the human body, so that the spray pipe 13 is positioned behind the closed switch valve 11, and the switch valve 11 can prevent dirt and tissues in the natural cavity of the human body from entering the flow channel of the spray pipe 13, thereby avoiding the blockage of the spray pipe 13 for spraying fluid. The problems of jet deflection, jet non-concentration, insufficient pressure and even complete blockage can be avoided when the distal end outlet of the jet pipe 13 is exposed to the space in front of the switch valve 11 for jetting fluid, and the flushing effect of the jet fluid can be effectively ensured so as to ensure the clear operation field. Because the jet fluid is sprayed out by utilizing the distal end outlet of the spray pipe 13 passing through the switch valve 11, the sprayed fluid does not need to overcome the closing reset force of the switch valve 11, the front part to be inspected is washed without being under high pressure, the washing can be performed under low pressure, medium pressure and high pressure, the high-pressure washing can be avoided when the tissue which is easy to be damaged by high pressure is washed, the low pressure or the medium pressure is selected to protect the tissue, the washed tissue can be prevented from splashing to pollute a lens, and the clear operation field can be effectively ensured.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, 9, 20 and 21, the transmission member 14 is a pipe fitting, which is sleeved on the nozzle 13, the cam portion provided on the transmission member 14 is a cylindrical cam, and the abutment portion provided on the middle section of the nozzle 13 is a cylindrical cam that is matched with the cam portion. In the process of moving the moving body 15 from the first position to the second position, the stopping portion is matched with the driving sub portion 141 of the cam portion, the driving sub portion 141 extends obliquely in the axial direction, and when the transmission member 14 rotates relative to the spray pipe 13, the driving sub portion 141 forces the stopping portion to move distally in the axial direction so as to drive the spray pipe 13 to move forwards.

According to some alternative embodiments, the nozzle 13 is provided as a tube with an integral structure, and the spray channels arranged inside the tube can form different numbers and orientations of distal outlets at the distal end of the nozzle 13 according to the requirement of use, for example, if only the inspected portion observed by the lens 20 is required to be washed, the spray channels form only a forward-oriented distal outlet at the distal end face of the nozzle 13, if only the lens 20 is required to be washed, the spray channels form only a side-oriented distal outlet at the outer peripheral face of the distal end of the nozzle 13, if the inspected portion and the lens 20 are required to be washed simultaneously, the spray channels branch at the distal end to form a branched channel extending axially and distally, and a branched channel extending toward the outer peripheral face is formed, and the two branched channels form a forward-oriented distal outlet and a side-oriented distal outlet respectively.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the moving body 15 is provided as a pipe fitting, which is sleeved on the nozzle 13 and the transmission member 14, and both sides of the moving body 15 in the radial direction and the corresponding sides of the transmission member 14 in the radial direction are connected by using a first sliding block and sliding groove mechanism, so as to ensure that the moving body 15 can stably drive the transmission member 14 to rotate.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 7 and 8, the spray head 10 is provided with a hose adapter for preventing the hose from falling off or breaking, the hose adapter being provided as a bellows 17, the distal end of the bellows 17 being fixedly connected to the proximal end of the spout 13, the proximal end being intended to be connected to a hose for providing fluid. When the head 10 is mounted to the lens holder 30, the proximal end of the bellows 17 is fixed to the wall of the head mounting hole of the lens holder 30 by gluing or welding so that the bellows 17 is telescopically disposed in the head mounting hole of the lens holder. Since the spout 13 is used to spray fluid, the hose for supplying fluid connected to the proximal end of the spout 13 is pulled during the axial movement of the spout 13, which may cause the hose to come off the spout 13 or the hose to be broken. After the corrugated pipe 17 is arranged, the corrugated pipe 17 has telescopic capability, so that the influence of the traction effect of the movement of the spray pipe 13 on a hose connected with the corrugated pipe 17 can be reduced, and the problems of falling and cracking of the hose are avoided.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 7 and 8, the spray head 10 is further provided with a fixing base 16, wherein the fixing base 16 is a flange-like tubular member, and a distal end of the fixing base 16 abuts against a proximal end of the transmission member 14, so that the transmission member 14 can rotatably and axially abut against the fixing base 16. The fixed seat 16 is sleeved on the spray pipe 13, and the proximal end of the spray pipe 13 passes through the fixed seat 16 and is connected with the distal end of the corrugated pipe 17. When the nozzle 10 is mounted on the lens holder 30, the outer peripheral surface of the flange of the fixing base 16 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the nozzle mounting hole of the lens holder 30 by gluing or welding, so as to provide support for the nozzle 10.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the manipulation member comprises a first return spring 181 and a traction rope 182. The first return spring 181 is preferably a helical compression spring, and the distal end thereof abuts against the proximal end of the moving body 15, and the proximal end is fixedly connected to the lens holder 30, so as to drive the moving body 15 to return to the first position. Of course, the first return spring 181 may be a plate spring provided in the axial direction. The distal end of the pulling rope 182 is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the moving body 15, and the proximal end of the pulling rope 182 is used for an operator to operate, so that the operator can pull the pulling rope 182 to make the moving body 15 overcome the restoring force of the first restoring spring 181 and drive the moving body 15 to move proximally along the axial direction so as to be far away from the first position. The first return spring 181 provides a return force to the mobile body 15 to return to the first position, and the first return spring 181 allows the first mobile body 15 to be held in the first position without pulling the pulling rope 182. When the spray head 10 is not used, the traction rope is not required to be pulled at the rear end, so that the far-end outlet of the spray pipe 13 is always positioned behind the switch valve 11 and is shielded, the operation of the far-end assembly in the process of being inserted into a natural cavity of a human body is simpler, the mistaken opening of the switch valve 11 by the spray pipe 13 can be effectively avoided, and dirt and tissues can not enter the spray pipe.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the first return spring 181 is sleeved on the pipe section of the fixing seat 16, and the proximal end of the first return spring 181 abuts against the flange of the fixing seat 16.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 7, the on-off valve 11 is a diaphragm valve, which may be made of rubber or silica gel. The on-off valve 11 includes a plurality of valve flaps arranged in a circumferential Xiang Yi sequence, for example four valve flaps which are arranged in Zhou Xiangyi sequence at equal intervals and are approximately triangular, when the on-off valve 11 is in a closed state, the four valve flaps are tightly combined, and a cross-shaped sealing seam is formed in the middle of the on-off valve 11. The inner side of the valve clack can be outwards turned and opened by an outer side fulcrum, wherein the valve clack can be outwards turned when being subjected to axial thrust from the proximal end to the distal end. When the movable body 15 is in the second position, the nozzle 13 is inserted into the four-flap of the on-off valve 11, so that the four-flap is laterally pushed by the outer peripheral wall of the nozzle 13 to turn over to the outside, and the on-off valve 11 is opened. The valve clack type on-off valve 11 has good axial opening and closing capability, and has a very simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The switch valve 11 can be turned over and opened towards the side when being subjected to the axial thrust of the spray pipe 13, the space in front of the spray pipe 13 can be exposed when being opened, the spray pipe 13 can conveniently spray fluid towards the front, meanwhile, the valve clack turned over and opened towards the side can also laterally squeeze the trapped dirt and tissues, and the dirt and tissues trapped by the switch valve 11 can be effectively prevented from entering the spray pipe 13 when passing through the switch valve 11. Of course, the on-off valve 11 may be a valve plate structure having one end hinged to the lens mount 30.

According to some alternative embodiments, referring to fig. 2-5, 7-20 and 23, the nozzle 13 is of a split structure, including a conversion nozzle 131 and a tube 132 disposed in sequence in an axial direction, with a proximal end of the conversion nozzle 131 axially abutted with a distal end of the tube 132 in a relatively rotatable manner. The abutment is provided at a middle section of the tube 132 to form a follower cam 1322, and the tube 132 is engaged with a cam surface of the cam portion of the transmission 14 by the follower cam 1322. The tube 132 is provided with an axial injection hole 1321, and the injection hole 1321 forms an eccentrically arranged outlet at the distal end face of the tube 132. The conversion nozzle 131 is internally provided with a straight jet channel 1311 and a side jet channel 1312 extending in parallel in the axial direction, and the pipe body 132 is rotatably provided with respect to the conversion nozzle 131 such that when the pipe body 132 rotates with respect to the conversion nozzle 131, the eccentric outlet of the injection hole 1321 can be moved between the inlet of the straight jet channel 1311 and the inlet of the side jet channel 1312 in the axial direction to dispense fluid by adjusting the communication area between the outlet of the injection hole 1321 and the inlet of the straight jet channel 1311 and the inlet of the side jet channel 1312. When the head 10 is mounted to the lens holder 30, the conversion nozzle 131 is connected with the lens holder 30 in a rotation-stopping manner so that the conversion nozzle 131 does not rotate relative to the lens holder 30 when the tube 132 is driven to rotate by the movable body 15.

In order to realize the rotation of the tube 132 with respect to the conversion nozzle 131, the tube 132 is driven to rotate by the moving body 15 that moves axially. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the transmission member 14 and the moving body 15 adopt a first slider-slide mechanism to rotate the tube 132 relative to the conversion nozzle 131, and a first linear groove 192 extending from the distal end of the first spiral groove 191 to the distal end along an axial straight line is further provided in the tube wall of the moving body 15 provided with the first spiral groove 191. Meanwhile, the movable body 15 and the pipe 132 are connected by a second slider chute mechanism, one of the movable body 15 and the pipe 132 is provided with a second linear groove 193 and a second spiral groove 194 extending spirally in the axial direction from one end of the second linear groove 193, and the other is provided with a second slider 196. Preferably, in this embodiment, the second linear groove 193 is disposed on the moving body 15, and the second slider 196 is disposed on the tube body 132 such that the second linear groove 193 extends axially from the proximal end toward the distal end, and the proximal end of the second spiral groove 194 is connected to the distal end of the second linear groove 193 and extends spirally along the axial direction toward the distal end.

As shown in fig. 8, 9, 11 and 12, the second slider 196 is positioned in the second linear groove 193 and slidably guided in engagement with the moving body 15 in both the first position and the second position such that the tube 132 does not rotate.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 11, and 12, in the second position of the movable body 15, the outlets of the straight jet 1311 and the side jet 1312 of the switching nozzle 131 are all exposed to the space in front of the on-off valve 11, the straight jet 1311 being directed forward for guiding the fluid jet to flush the examined area, and the side jet 1312 being directed sideways for guiding the fluid jet to flush the lens 20 mounted on the lens mount 30.

The control member is operable to control movement of the movable body 15 axially relative to the spout 13 between the first and third positions. In the third position of the moving body 15, the moving body 15 reaches a critical position for driving the rotation of the pipe 132, that is, the second slider 196 is located at the junction of the second linear groove 193 and the second spiral groove 194 and is in sliding guide fit therewith, wherein the first slider 195 is located at the junction of the first linear groove 192 or the first spiral groove 191 and the first linear groove 192 and is in sliding guide fit therewith. In particular, when the moving body 15 reaches the critical position for driving the rotation of the pipe 132, as shown in fig. 11, the first slider 195 is located at the junction of the first spiral groove 191 and the first linear groove 192, that is, the second position and the third position of the moving body 15 are overlapped, so that the pulling distance of the pulling rope 182 can be shorter, the flexibility of the operator for manipulating the nozzle 13 is improved, but a buffer space is sacrificed, so that the manipulation of the nozzle 13 is excessively sensitive to some extent, for example, when the operator has a little more force, the switching nozzle 131 smoothly passes through the switching valve 11, but the pipe 132 is rotated with respect to the switching nozzle 131 by the way of the movement of the injection hole 1321 in the straight jet 1311 and the side jet 1312 is changed, because it is possible for the operator to only want to pass the nozzle 13 through the switching valve 11, but not willing to change the flow distribution of the injection hole 1321 in the straight jet 1311 and the side jet 1312.

The control member can control the moving body 15 to move between the third position and the fifth position along the axial direction relative to the nozzle 13, and on the premise that the moving body 15 is at the second position or the third position, the operator can continuously pull the pull rope 182 to drive the moving body 15 to move towards the proximal end, and the moving body 15 can move to the fourth position and then move to the fifth position. In the process of moving the moving body 15 from the third position to the fifth position, the first slider 195 is located in the first linear groove 192 and is in sliding guiding fit with the first slider so that the transmission member 14 cannot rotate relative to the pipe 132, that is, the switching nozzle 131 can be kept at the position where the moving body 15 is located at the second position. The moving body 15 reaches the fourth position shown in fig. 14, in which the second slider 196 is located in the second spiral groove 194 and slidably engaged with the second spiral groove 194 for a distance, and the moving body 15 drives the tube 132 to rotate relative to the conversion nozzle 131 by the driving force of the second slider 196 by the second spiral groove 194, so that the outlet of the injection hole 1321 moves between the inlet of the straight jet 1311 and the inlet of the side jet 1312 in the circumferential direction to dispense the fluid. The moving body 15 then reaches a fifth position as shown in fig. 17, in which the second slider 196 is located in the second spiral groove 194 and slidably guides and cooperates with the second slider 196 to a distance to the distal end of the second spiral groove 194, and the moving body 15 drives the tube 132 to rotate relative to the conversion nozzle 131 by the driving force of the second slider 196 by the second spiral groove 194, so that the outlet of the injection hole 1321 moves between the inlet of the straight jet channel 1311 and the inlet of the side jet channel 1312 in the circumferential direction to redistribute the fluid.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, 12 and 21, the cam surface of the cam portion provided on the transmission member 14 includes a driving sub-portion 141 and a holding sub-portion 142 connected in sequence, the driving sub-portion 141 extending obliquely in the axial direction, and the holding sub-portion 142 extending horizontally in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction at the distal end of the driving sub-portion 141. In the process of moving the moving body 15 from the first position to the second position, the stopping portion is matched with the driving sub portion 141 of the cam portion, and when the transmission member 14 rotates relative to the spray pipe 13, the driving sub portion 141 forces the stopping portion to move towards the distal end along the axial direction so as to drive the spray pipe 13 to move towards the front. During the movement of the moving body 15 from the second position to the fifth position, the stopper portion cooperates with the holding sub-portion 142 so that the pipe body 132 is held in an axially stationary state, so that the outlets of the straight jet flow passage 1311 and the side jet flow passage 1312 are held in positions exposed in the space in front of the on-off valve 11. The cam portion maintains the position of the spout 13 by holding the sub-portion 142, thereby preventing the spout 13 from moving proximally during movement of the movable body 15 from the second position to the fifth position.

Preferably, the moving body 15 includes a state in which the outlet of the injection hole 1321 is alternately and simultaneously communicated with the inlet of the straight jet 1311 and the inlet of the side jet 1312 during the movement from the third position to the fifth position. In this way, when the movable body 15 moves between the third position and the fifth position, the outlet of the injection hole 1321 may be independently communicated with the inlet of the straight jet channel 1311, so as to perform a function of independently flushing the portion to be detected observed by the lens 20, the outlet of the injection hole 1321 may be independently communicated with the inlet of the side jet channel 1312, so as to perform a function of independently flushing the lens 20, and the outlet of the injection hole 1321 may be simultaneously communicated with the inlet of the straight jet channel 1311 and the inlet of the side jet channel 1312, so as to perform a function of simultaneously flushing the portion to be detected and the lens 20.

In the present embodiment, when the movable body 15 is in the first position, the relative position between the pipe 132 and the conversion nozzle 131 is preferably set in the form shown in fig. 10, and specifically, the outlet of the injection hole 1321 of the pipe 132 is communicated only with the inlet of the side injection passage 1312 of the conversion nozzle 131.

When the movable body 15 moves from the first position to the second position, the relative position between the tube 132 and the conversion nozzle 131 is unchanged because the tube 132 is not rotated, as shown in fig. 13. In this embodiment, the following description will be continued by taking a case where the second position and the third position of the movable body 15 overlap.

When the movable body 15 is moved from the second position (or the third position) to the fourth position, since the tube 132 is rotated relative to the conversion nozzle 131, in this position, the relative position of the tube 132 and the conversion nozzle 131 is preferably set in such a manner that, as shown in fig. 16, specifically, the outlet of the injection hole 1321 of the tube 132 communicates with the inlet of the side injection passage 1312 and the inlet of the straight injection passage 1311 of the conversion nozzle 131 at the same time, and the communication areas are equal.

When the movable body 15 moves from the fourth position to the fifth position, since the rotation of the tube body 132 with respect to the conversion nozzle 131 also occurs, in this position, the relative position of the tube body 132 and the conversion nozzle 131 is preferably set in such a manner that, as shown in fig. 19, specifically, the outlet of the injection hole 1321 of the tube body 132 is solely communicated with the inlet of the straight jet channel 1311 of the conversion nozzle 131.

When the moving body 15 moves to the second position with respect to the nozzle 13, the outlets of the straight jet channel 1311 and the side jet channel 1312 of the nozzle 13 are exposed to the space in front of the switching valve 11, and then the moving body 15 may be continuously moved to control the rotation of the tube 132 with respect to the switching nozzle 131, so that the outlet of the injection hole 1321 can be moved between the inlet of the straight jet channel 1311 and the inlet of the side jet channel 1312 in the circumferential direction to distribute fluid into the straight jet channel 1311 or into the side jet channel 1312 when communicating with each other, allowing the straight jet channel 1311 to guide the fluid to be injected to wash the examined site or allowing the side jet channel 1312 to guide the fluid to be injected to wash the lens 20 mounted on the lens mount 30.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7 and 22, both sides in the radial direction of the transmission member 14 are connected by a first slider-slide mechanism, respectively, and both sides in the radial direction of the tube 132 are connected by a second slider-slide mechanism, respectively, so as to ensure stable rotation of the tube 132 and the transmission member 14. Specifically, a first slide block 195 is disposed on each of two radial sides of the transmission member 14, a second slide block 196 is disposed on each of two radial sides of the tube 132, and two second slide grooves and two first slide grooves are disposed on the moving body 15 in front and rear directions in the axial direction, respectively, the two first slide grooves being disposed opposite to each other in the radial direction, and the two second slide grooves being disposed opposite to each other in the radial direction. Wherein the first runner comprises a first helical groove 191 and a first helical groove 192 connected, and the second runner comprises a second helical groove 193 and a second helical groove 194 connected.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 and 20, the outlet of the injection hole 1321 at the distal end is provided as a long hole extending circumferentially on the distal end surface of the tube body 132 such that the length of the long hole in the circumferential direction is greater than the length in the radial direction. The outlets of the injection holes 1321 provided as long holes may be arranged using the circumferential space sufficiently, and may be moved in the circumferential direction to distribute the fluid to the straight jet channels 1311 and the side jet channels 1312 while occupying a smaller distal space layout.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, 5, 7 and 8, the spray head 10 is further provided with a second return spring 12, the second return spring 12 is preferably a helical compression spring, the second return spring 12 is sleeved on the conversion nozzle 131, a proximal end of the second return spring 12 abuts on a flange portion provided in connection with the proximal end of the conversion nozzle 131, and a distal end of the second return spring 12 is adapted to abut on a step at the distal end of the spray head mounting hole when fitted into the spray head mounting hole of the lens holder 30. The second return spring 12 provides a proximally directed axial return force for the switching nozzle 131 for driving the switching nozzle 131 to return towards the rear of the on-off valve 11. The second return spring 12 provides a return force for the switching nozzle 131 to return toward the rear of the switching valve 11, so that the switching nozzle 131 can be better kept at the rear of the switching valve 11 under the condition that the spray nozzle 10 is not used, the switching valve 11 can be effectively prevented from being opened by mistake by the spray pipe 13, dirt and tissues can not enter the switching nozzle 131, the switching nozzle 131 can be retracted to the rear of the switching valve 11 after the spray nozzle 10 is used, and the dirt and tissues can not enter the switching nozzle 131, and the switching nozzle 131 penetrating through the switching valve 11 can be prevented from affecting the movement of a far-end component.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 23, the outlet of the side jet 1312 is configured as a fan-shaped flaring that gradually expands from inside to outside in the radial direction, the circumferential length of the fan-shaped flaring is greater than the axial length thereof, and the outlet of the side jet 1312 that gradually expands from inside to outside in the radial direction forms a fan-shaped flaring that can guide the fluid to be ejected in a fan shape to expand the flushing face.

According to some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 23, the proximal end of the conversion nozzle 131 is recessed distally to form a socket into which a portion of the distal end of the tube 132 extends coaxially, the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the tube 132 contacting the peripheral wall of the socket to form a dynamic sealing engagement. After the socket is arranged at the proximal end of the conversion nozzle 131, the socket can form dynamic seal fit with the peripheral wall of the pipe body 132, so that the fluid ejection pressure can be ensured, and the coaxiality of the pipe body 132 and the conversion nozzle 131 can be ensured.

In another aspect, the present application also provides a distal assembly, as shown in fig. 1-6, comprising a lens mount 30, a lens 20, and a spray head 10 according to any of the above embodiments.

As shown in fig. 6, the lens holder 30 provides a lens mounting hole, an instrument tube mounting hole, and a nozzle mounting hole, and the distal end of the nozzle mounting hole may be flush with the distal end surface of the lens holder 30, or a section of on-off valve mounting groove protruding from the distal end surface of the lens holder 30 may be formed as shown in fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 1, the lens 20 is fixed in the lens mounting hole, and the window surface of the lens 20 is generally flush with the distal surface of the lens holder 30, but may slightly protrude from the distal surface of the lens holder 30 as shown in fig. 1, and of course, the window surface of the lens 20 may slightly recess from the distal surface of the lens holder 30.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the head 10 is integrally mounted in an axially extending head mounting hole of the lens holder 30. Wherein the on-off valve 11 is inserted into the on-off valve mounting groove to be fixed with the lens holder 30. The distal end of the second return spring 12 abuts against a stepped surface at the distal end of the head mounting hole, and the flange of the fixing seat 16 is fixed to the wall of the head mounting hole. The proximal end of the bellows 17 may be fixed to the wall of the nozzle mounting hole, or may not be connected to the wall of the nozzle mounting hole.

Two axially extending guide grooves 31 are provided in the nozzle mounting hole of the lens mount 30 and symmetrically arranged in the radial direction, and the moving body 15 is in guide fit with the guide grooves 31 on the corresponding side through two axially extending second ribs 151 provided on the outer peripheral wall thereof, so that the moving body 15 can move in the axial direction in a rotation-stopping manner. At the same time, two symmetrically arranged first ribs 1313 are also arranged on the peripheral wall of the conversion nozzle 131, and the conversion nozzle 131 is in guiding fit with the corresponding side guide grooves 31 through the first ribs 1313, so that the conversion nozzle 131 can move in the axial direction in a rotation-proof manner.

Of course, the rib may be provided on the wall of the nozzle mounting hole of the lens holder 30, and the groove may be provided on the movable body 15, and the wall of the nozzle 131 and the wall of the nozzle mounting hole may be provided as well.

When the movable body 15 is in the first position, as shown in fig. 1, the distal end of the spout 13 is blocked by the on-off valve 11 in the closed state, and when the movable body 15 is in the second position, as shown in fig. 4, the distal end of the spout 13 passes through the on-off valve 11, and the distal end outlet of the spout 13 is exposed in the space in front of the on-off valve 11. If the spout 13 has a distal outlet directed toward the lens 20, the distal outlet directed toward the lens 20 may be flush with the window of the lens 20 or may be disposed slightly protruding from the window of the lens 20.

In another aspect, the present application also provides an endoscope comprising an endoscope handle, a snake bone section of an insertion section mounted on the endoscope handle, and a distal assembly as in the previous embodiments, the distal assembly being mounted on a distal end of the snake bone section of the insertion section.

The foregoing is merely illustrative embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about variations or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the application should be covered.

Claims

1. A spray head for a distal assembly of an endoscope, the distal assembly comprising a lens mount (30), characterized in that: the spray head (10) comprises a switch valve (11), a spray pipe (13), a transmission piece (14), a moving body (15) and a control piece;

the switch valve (11) is arranged in front of the spray pipe (13) in the axial direction in a normally closed state and is used for being fixedly arranged on the lens seat (30);

the transmission member (14) is rotatably arranged relative to the spray pipe (13) and is used for being rotatably positioned and connected to the lens seat (30), one of the transmission member (14) and the spray pipe (13) is provided with a cam part, and the other is provided with a stopping part matched with the cam surface of the cam part;

one of the transmission member (14) and the moving body (15) is provided with a first slider (195), the other is provided with a first spiral groove (191) extending spirally along the axial direction, and the first slider (195) is in sliding guide fit with the first spiral groove (191);

the control piece is connected with the moving body (15) and can control the moving body (15) to move between a first position and a second position along the axial direction relative to the spray pipe (13);

The mobile body (15) is closed and blocks the distal opening of the spout (13) in the first position by the on-off valve (11);

in the process that the moving body (15) moves from the first position to the second position, the moving body (15) drives the transmission piece (14) to rotate relative to the spray pipe (13), and the transmission piece (14) drives the spray pipe (13) to axially move so as to open the switch valve (11) until a distal outlet of the spray pipe (13) is exposed in a space in front of the switch valve (11).

2. A spray head according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spray pipe (13) comprises a conversion nozzle (131) and a pipe body (132) axially butted with the proximal end of the conversion nozzle (131), the conversion nozzle (131) is provided with a direct spray channel (1311) and a side spray channel (1312), the pipe body (132) is provided with a spray hole (1321), and an outlet of the spray hole (1321) is eccentrically arranged on the distal end surface of the pipe body (132);

the conversion nozzle (131) is used for being in rotation-stopping connection with the lens seat (30), and the tube body (132) is rotatably arranged relative to the conversion nozzle (131);

One of the transmission member (14) and the movable body (15) provided with the first spiral groove (191) is further provided with a first linear groove (192) extending in an axial direction in a straight line from one end of the first spiral groove (191);

one of the moving body (15) and the pipe body (132) is provided with a second linear groove (193) and a second spiral groove (194) extending spirally in the axial direction from one end of the second linear groove (193), and the other is provided with a second slider (196);

the moving body (15) is in sliding guide fit with the second linear groove (193) when the second sliding block (196) is at the first position and the second position; in the second position, the outlets of the straight jet flow passage (1311) and the side jet flow passage (1312) are exposed to the space in front of the on-off valve (11);

the control can control the moving body (15) to move between the first position and a third position along the axial direction relative to the spray pipe (13);

in the third position of the moving body (15), the first sliding block (195) is in sliding guide fit with the first linear groove (192) or the junction of the first spiral groove (191) and the first linear groove (192), and the second sliding block (196) is in sliding guide fit with the junction of the second linear groove (193) and the second spiral groove (194);

The control can control the moving body (15) to move between the third position and a fifth position along the axial direction relative to the spray pipe (13);

in the process of moving the moving body (15) from the third position to the fifth position, the first sliding block (195) is in sliding guide fit with the first linear groove (192), the second sliding block (196) is in sliding guide fit with the second spiral groove (194), and the moving body (15) drives the pipe body (132) to rotate relative to the conversion nozzle (131), so that an outlet of the injection hole (1321) moves between an inlet of the direct injection runner (1311) and an inlet of the side injection runner (1312) along the circumferential direction to distribute fluid.

3. A spray head according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outlet of the injection hole (1321) is provided as a long hole extending in the circumferential direction;

and/or the cam surface of the cam part comprises a driving sub-part (141) and a retaining sub-part (142) which are sequentially connected, the stopping part is matched with the driving sub-part (141) in the process of moving the moving body (15) from the first position to the second position, and the stopping part is matched with the retaining sub-part (142) in the process of moving the moving body (15) from the second position to the fifth position, so that the outlets of the direct injection runner (1311) and the side injection runner (1312) are kept at the positions exposed in the front space of the switch valve (11).

4. A spray head according to claim 2, characterized in that: the moving body (15) includes a state in which an outlet of the injection hole (1321) communicates with an inlet of the direct injection flow path (1311) and an inlet of the side injection flow path (1312) at the same time in moving from the third position to the fifth position.

5. A spray head according to claim 2, characterized in that: the spray head (10) further comprises a second reset spring (12), one end of the second reset spring (12) is connected with the switching nozzle (131), and the other end of the second reset spring is connected with the lens seat (30) and used for driving the switching nozzle (131) to reset towards the rear of the switch valve (11).

6. A spray head according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outlet of the side spray runner (1312) is provided with a sector-shaped flaring which gradually expands from inside to outside along the radial direction, and the circumferential length of the sector-shaped flaring is larger than the axial length of the sector-shaped flaring; and/or, the proximal end of the conversion nozzle (131) is provided with a socket hole, and the distal end of the tube body (132) extends into the socket hole and is in dynamic sealing fit with the peripheral wall of the socket hole.

7. A spray head according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cam part and the stopping part are arranged as cylindrical cams which are matched with each other;

And/or, the device further comprises a corrugated pipe (17), one end of the corrugated pipe (17) is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the spray pipe (13), and the other end of the corrugated pipe is fixedly connected with the lens seat (30);

and/or, still include fixing base (16), fixing base (16) are used for fixed connection in lens mount (30), transmission spare (14) rotationally axial is supported in fixing base (16).

8. A spray head according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the control piece comprises a first return spring (181) and a traction rope (182); the distal end of the hauling cable (182) is connected with the moving body (15) and is used for driving the moving body (15) to be far away from the first position along the axial direction; one end of the first return spring (181) is connected with the moving body (15), and the other end of the first return spring is connected with the lens seat (30) and used for driving the moving body (15) to return to the first position.

9. A distal assembly, characterized in that: comprising a lens mount (30), a lens (20) and a spray head (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8;

the lens (20) is arranged in a lens mounting hole of the lens seat (30);

The spray head (10) is arranged in a spray head mounting hole of the lens seat (30), the switch valve (11) is fixedly connected with the lens seat (30), and the moving body (15) is axially movably connected with the lens seat (30).

10. An endoscope, characterized in that: comprising the distal assembly of claim 9.