CN116784044A - Method and system for improving black soil ecological production function - Google Patents
Method and system for improving black soil ecological production function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method and a system for improving the production function of black soil ecology, comprising the steps of establishing a system for evaluating the black soil ecology; modifying the black soil according to the evaluation information; the monitoring system is used for data monitoring and improves the optimization. The application improves the soil by adding organic matters and a microorganism improving technology, improves the soil fertility, is beneficial to providing nutrients needed by plants, promotes the growth and development of crops, improves the soil structure, increases the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, reduces the loss of water and nutrients, provides more energy and nutrient sources for microorganisms in the soil, increases the activities of beneficial microorganisms, promotes the balance of a soil ecosystem and improves the soil nutrient circulation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of soil improvement, in particular to a method and a system for improving the ecological production function of black soil.
Background
The long-term unreasonable development and utilization, excessive agricultural cultivation and chemical fertilizer and pesticide use, excessive grazing and the like lead to the aggravation of land degradation in a black soil area, the decline of soil quality and the reduction of soil organic matters, influence on soil fertility and crop yield, and the black soil always depends on the investment of a large amount of chemical fertilizers to maintain the crop yield in the production process, so that the problems of exhaustion of soil organic matters, the decline of soil pH, soil hardening, the decline of soil water storage capacity, the decline of soil microorganism diversity, single ecological production of community structures and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present application has been made in view of the above-mentioned and/or existing problems occurring in the methods for improving the ecological production function of black soil.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present application is how to provide a method and a system for improving the ecological production function of black soil.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for improving a black soil ecological production function, including, establishing a system to evaluate a black soil ecology; modifying the black soil according to the evaluation information; the monitoring system is used for data monitoring and improves the optimization.
As a preferable scheme of the method for improving the ecological production function of the black soil, the application comprises the following steps: the specific steps of the establishment system for evaluating the black soil ecology are as follows: determining an evaluation index; monitoring by a remote sensor, establishing a data acquisition system and a real-time monitoring system to acquire data required by black soil ecological assessment, including soil parameters, meteorological data and the like; and processing and statistically analyzing the collected data such as soil quality, organic matter content, microbial flora, plant community structure and the like.
As a preferable scheme of the method for improving the ecological production function of the black soil, the application comprises the following steps: the determining and evaluating indexes specifically comprise evaluating soil quality including soil pH value, soil texture, soil volume weight and soil permeability; assessing the microbial flora in the soil by measuring the number and diversity of microorganisms in the soil; plant species and population structure in the target farmland are investigated and recorded.
As a preferable scheme of the method for improving the ecological production function of the black soil, the application comprises the following steps: the improvement of the black soil according to the evaluation information specifically comprises that if the ecological evaluation of the black soil farmland finds that the organic matter content of the soil is lower and is only below 1.2%, the organic matter content of the black soil is above 2.5% by applying decomposed compost with the organic matter content of 30% in the organic fertilizer.
As a preferable scheme of the method for improving the ecological production function of the black soil, the application comprises the following steps: the decomposed compost is prepared by mixing crop straws and livestock manure according to a certain proportion.
As a preferable scheme of the method for improving the ecological production function of the black soil, the application comprises the following steps: the improvement of the black soil according to the evaluation information specifically further comprises the step of introducing nitrogen-fixing bacteria to increase the nitrogen-fixing bacteria to more than 2 hundred million/g of soil if the ecological evaluation of the black soil farmland finds that the soil microbial flora is poor and the number of soil microorganisms is less than 1.5 hundred million/g of soil.
As a preferable scheme of the method for improving the ecological production function of the black soil, the application comprises the following steps: the nitrogen-immobilized bacteria consist of rhizobia and non-rhizobia, and the number is 10 3 -10 6 CFU/g soil.
As a preferable scheme of the method for improving the ecological production function of the black soil, the application comprises the following steps: the data monitoring is carried out by using the monitoring system, and the improvement and optimization specifically comprises the steps of monitoring soil quality and organic matter content in real time by using a soil monitoring sensor and monitoring the growth state of plants in real time by using a plant growth monitoring sensor; after data acquisition, comparing the data before and after improvement, the content of organic matters in the soil is obviously increased, but soil moisture management still has problems; by adjusting the irrigation strategy, the soil moisture condition is improved, and after a period of adjustment and optimization, the monitoring data again show that the soil moisture is improved, the plant growth condition is also improved, and the optimization experience is applied to black soil improvement projects in other similar areas.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a system for improving a black soil ecological production function, including, an evaluation module, which establishes a system to evaluate a black soil ecology; an improvement module for improving the black soil according to the evaluation information; and the optimizing module is used for monitoring data by utilizing the monitoring system and improving optimization.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the application provides a method for improving the ecological production function of black soil, which improves soil fertility by adding organic matters, is favorable for providing nutrients required by plants, promotes the growth and development of crops, improves the soil structure, increases the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, reduces the loss of water and nutrients, provides more energy and nutrient sources for microorganisms in the soil, increases the activity of beneficial microorganisms and promotes the balance of a soil ecological system; soil improvement is carried out by a microorganism improvement technology, beneficial microorganisms participate in nutrient decomposition and release, which is beneficial to improving the soil nutrient circulation efficiency, supplying nutrients required by crops and promoting balance and coordinated development of a rhizosphere ecological system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of enhancing the ecological production function of black soil.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system structure for improving the ecological production function of black soil.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present application can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the application, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
While the embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not to scale in the general sense for ease of illustration, and the drawings are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Also in the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, or third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present application provides a method for improving an ecological production function of black soil, which includes:
s1: and (5) establishing a system to evaluate the black soil ecology.
Preferably, the evaluation index is determined, including aspects of soil quality, organic matter content, microbial flora, plant community structure, soil moisture, soil erosion, and the like.
Further, a data acquisition system and a real-time monitoring system are established through remote sensor monitoring so as to acquire data required by black soil ecological assessment, including soil parameters, meteorological data and the like.
Further, the collected data such as soil quality, organic matter content, microbial flora, plant community structure and the like are processed and statistically analyzed.
Further, laboratory analysis is performed on the collected soil samples, and the average value, standard deviation, variation coefficient and the like of each soil quality index are calculated so as to know the overall level and fluctuation condition of the soil quality.
Further, evaluating soil quality including soil pH, soil texture, soil bulk density, and soil permeability; assessing the microbial flora in the soil by measuring the number and diversity of microorganisms in the soil; plant species and population structure in the target farmland are investigated and recorded.
S2: and improving the black soil according to the evaluation information.
Preferably, if the ecological evaluation of the black farmland finds that the organic matter content of the soil is lower and is only below 1.2%, the organic matter content of the black farmland is above 2.5% by applying decomposed compost with the organic matter content of 30% in the organic fertilizer.
Further, the decomposed compost is a mixture of plant residues, food waste, kitchen waste, animal manure, brown algae and seaweed.
Further, the amount of the organic fertilizer added is expressed as:
OM2＝(M1*OM1+M_add*OM_add)/(M1+M_add)
wherein, OM2 is the target organic matter content, M1 is the original soil quality, OM1 is the organic matter content of the current black farmland, M_add is the mass of the added decomposed compost, and OM_add is the organic matter content of the decomposed compost.
Further, if the soil microbial flora is found to be poor in ecological assessment of the black soil farmland, the number of soil microorganisms is less than 1.5 hundred million per gram of soil, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are introduced, and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are increased to at least 2 hundred million per gram of soil.
Further, the nitrogen-immobilized bacteria consist of rhizobia and non-rhizobia in an amount of 10 3 -10 6 CFU/g soil.
S3: the monitoring system is used for data monitoring and improves the optimization.
Preferably, the soil quality and the organic matter content are monitored in real time through a soil monitoring sensor, and the growth state of plants is monitored in real time through a plant growth monitoring sensor; after data acquisition, comparing the data before and after improvement, the content of organic matters in the soil is obviously increased, but soil moisture management still has problems; by adjusting the irrigation strategy, the soil moisture condition is improved, and after a period of adjustment and optimization, the monitoring data again show that the soil moisture is improved, the plant growth condition is also improved, and the optimization experience is applied to black soil improvement projects in other similar areas.
Further, a test area is selected as an improvement project area in a black soil area, a soil quality sensor, an organic matter content sensor, a microbial flora monitoring sensor and a plant growth monitoring sensor are arranged in the area, collected data are transmitted to a central database, after a period of data are collected, initial data are analyzed, and the average value, standard deviation and variation coefficient of soil quality indexes are calculated so as to know the overall level and fluctuation condition of soil quality. And meanwhile, carrying out preliminary statistics on the organic matter content, the microbial flora and the plant community structure data, and evaluating the reference condition before improvement.
Further, if the soil quality is low, the organic matter addition amount is increased; if the microbial flora is relatively lean, by introducing beneficial microorganisms.
Further, this embodiment also provides a system for improving the ecological production function of black soil, including: the evaluation module is used for establishing a system to evaluate the black soil ecology; an improvement module for improving the black soil according to the evaluation information; and the optimizing module is used for monitoring data by utilizing the monitoring system and improving optimization.
The above unit modules may be embedded in hardware or independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above units.
Example 2
Referring to tables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, for the second embodiment of the present application, this embodiment provides a method for improving the ecological production function of black soil, and in order to verify the beneficial effects of the present application, scientific demonstration is performed through experiments.
Table 1 soil organic matter content of experimental group
Table 2 soil organic matter content of control group
TABLE 3 soil pH of experimental group
TABLE 4 control soil pH
Table 5 soil conductivity of experimental group
Table 6 control group soil conductivity
Table 7 comparison of corn yield table
| Monitoring point | Corn yield of experimental group (ton) | Corn yield control group (ton) |
| 1 | 85 | 53 |
| 2 | 81 | 51 |
| 3 | 75 | 47 |
| 4 | 79 | 49 |
| 5 | 80 | 50 |
Two adjacent farmlands are selected in the black soil area, the areas are similar, the soil types are similar, the two adjacent farmlands are respectively marked as an experimental group and a control group, and the experimental groups are treated as follows: setting up a decomposed compost treatment facility in an experiment group area, performing decomposed compost treatment on organic wastes, measuring the organic matter content, nutrient content and the like of the decomposed compost, ensuring that the quality of the compost is qualified, uniformly adding 50 tons of the decomposed compost to the surface layer of the soil of the experiment group, and performing human intervention (adjusting the pH value of the soil, the soil permeability, the microbial flora, the soil moisture, the soil erosion, the meteorological data and the like) on the small soil environment according to the planted crops or plant community structures (the experiment group is corn), the soil quality (including the pH value of the soil, the soil texture, the soil volume weight and the soil permeability); soil monitoring points are set, and 5 monitoring points are arranged and are respectively located in different crop cultivation areas.
The control group was treated as follows: corn is planted in the land of the control group, and decomposed compost is uniformly added on the soil surface layer of the control group (the same decomposed compost is adopted as that of the experimental group, the addition amount is 55 tons of decomposed compost added per hectare), and soil monitoring points are also arranged, 5 monitoring points are respectively arranged in crop cultivation areas of the corresponding experimental group, and indexes such as soil quality, organic matter content and the like are continuously monitored; and (3) carrying out soil sample collection on each monitoring point for 10 times in total at different time nodes before and after improvement, and measuring soil quality indexes (soil PH value and conductivity) and organic matter content of the collected soil samples.
By comparing tables 1 and 2, it can be found that the soil quality index (texture) of the two groups is similar, there is no significant difference, and the organic matter content before improvement of the two groups is also not significantly different. After improvement: the improved organic matter content data of the experimental group and the control group are compared, and the average organic matter content of the experimental group is found to be 1.6%, while the average organic matter content of the control group is found to be 1.2%. The organic matter content of the modified experimental group is obviously higher than that of the control group. The organic matter content data of the experimental group and the control group are subjected to statistical analysis by using t-test or analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the result shows that the organic matter content of the experimental group after improvement is obviously improved compared with that before improvement, and the organic matter content of the control group after improvement is not obviously changed; comparison of tables 3 and 4 shows that the pH of the soil after the improvement of the experimental group is slightly alkaline, while the pH of the soil of the control group is not obviously changed; comparison of tables 5 and 6 shows that the soil conductivity is reduced after the improvement of the experimental group, while the control group is unchanged; the corn yield of the experimental group was found to be significantly higher than that of the control group by table 7.
The organic matter content of the soil after the improvement of the comparison experiment is obviously improved, and the control group has no improvement measure, so that the improvement of the ecological production function of the black soil by the method is obvious, the improvement of the soil fertility and the improvement of the soil structure are facilitated, the plant growth is promoted, the crop yield is improved, and the protection of the ecological system of the black soil and the sustainable development of agriculture are facilitated.
The method provided by the application can increase the organic matter content of the soil while improving the crop yield and meeting the crop growth requirement, and has important significance for improving the soil fertility and the soil structure, improving the black soil ecosystem and keeping the agricultural sustainable development.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the same, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A method for improving the ecological production function of black soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
establishing a system to evaluate the black soil ecology;
modifying the black soil according to the evaluation information;
the monitoring system is used for data monitoring and improves the optimization.
2. The method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to claim 1, wherein: the specific steps of the establishment system for evaluating the black soil ecology are as follows:
determining an evaluation index;
monitoring by a remote sensor, establishing a data acquisition system and a real-time monitoring system to acquire data required by black soil ecological assessment, including soil parameters, meteorological data and the like;
and processing and statistically analyzing the collected data such as soil quality, organic matter content, microbial flora, plant community structure and the like.
3. A method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the determining the evaluation index specifically includes,
evaluating soil quality including soil pH, soil texture, soil bulk weight, and soil permeability; assessing the microbial flora in the soil by measuring the number and diversity of microorganisms in the soil; plant species and population structure in the target farmland are investigated and recorded.
4. The method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to claim 1, wherein: the improvement of the black soil according to the evaluation information specifically comprises,
if the ecological evaluation of the black soil farmland shows that the organic matter content of the soil is lower and is only below 1.2%, the organic matter content of the black soil is above 2.5% by applying decomposed compost with the organic matter content of 30% in the organic fertilizer.
5. The method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to claim 4, wherein: the decomposed compost is prepared by mixing crop straws and livestock manure according to a certain proportion.
6. The method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to claim 1, wherein: the black soil improvement according to the evaluation information specifically further comprises,
if the ecological assessment of the black soil farmland shows that the soil microbial flora is poor and the number of soil microorganisms is less than 1.5 hundred million/g soil, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are introduced, and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are increased to more than 2 hundred million/g soil.
7. The method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to claim 1, wherein: the nitrogen-immobilized bacteria consist of rhizobia and non-rhizobia, and the number is 10 3 -10 6 CFU/g soil.
8. The method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to claim 1, wherein: the data monitoring is performed by the utilization monitoring system, and the improvement and optimization specifically comprises,
the soil quality and the organic matter content are monitored in real time through a soil monitoring sensor, and the growth state of plants is monitored in real time through a plant growth monitoring sensor; after data acquisition, comparing the data before and after improvement, and finding that the organic matter content of the soil is obviously increased, and the soil moisture management still has problems; by adjusting the irrigation strategy, the soil moisture condition is improved, and after a period of adjustment and optimization, the monitoring data again show that the soil moisture is improved, the plant growth condition is also improved, and the optimization experience is applied to black soil improvement projects in other similar areas.
9. A system for improving the ecological production function of black soil, which is based on the method for improving the ecological production function of black soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the evaluation module is used for establishing a system to evaluate the black soil ecology;
an improvement module for improving the black soil according to the evaluation information;
and the optimizing module is used for monitoring data by utilizing the monitoring system and improving optimization.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20050245398A1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-03 | Healthy Soils, Inc. | Biological composition for enhancing vegetation growth |
| CN113822592A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-21 | 中国农业大学 | Farmland soil obstacle factor diagnosis and soil health cultivation method |
| RU2776667C1 (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-07-22 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "БИОКИНЕТИКА" | Method for increasing the fertility of forest steppe and steppe black earth soils |
| CN115088566A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-23 | 湖南农业大学 | Rice cultivation system and cultivation method thereof |
| CN115796702A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-14 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Evaluation method and system for ecological restoration effect of comprehensive treatment of red soil land |
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- 2023-08-08 CN CN202310987376.5A patent/CN116784044A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050245398A1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-03 | Healthy Soils, Inc. | Biological composition for enhancing vegetation growth |
| RU2776667C1 (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-07-22 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "БИОКИНЕТИКА" | Method for increasing the fertility of forest steppe and steppe black earth soils |
| CN113822592A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-21 | 中国农业大学 | Farmland soil obstacle factor diagnosis and soil health cultivation method |
| CN115088566A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-23 | 湖南农业大学 | Rice cultivation system and cultivation method thereof |
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