CN116783116A - 具有燃料箱和燃料电池的飞行器机翼 - Google Patents

具有燃料箱和燃料电池的飞行器机翼 Download PDF

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CN116783116A
CN116783116A CN202280012640.7A CN202280012640A CN116783116A CN 116783116 A CN116783116 A CN 116783116A CN 202280012640 A CN202280012640 A CN 202280012640A CN 116783116 A CN116783116 A CN 116783116A
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fuel
fuel cell
aircraft wing
propulsion system
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威廉·塔洛克
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Airbus Operations GmbH
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    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
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    • B64C3/32—Wings specially adapted for mounting power plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
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    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/30—Aircraft characterised by electric power plants
    • B64D27/35—Arrangements for on-board electric energy production, distribution, recovery or storage
    • B64D27/355—Arrangements for on-board electric energy production, distribution, recovery or storage using fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/02—Tanks
    • B64D37/04—Arrangement thereof in or on aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/30—Fuel systems for specific fuels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/10—Air crafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
    • B64D2041/005—Fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D2221/00—Electric power distribution systems onboard aircraft
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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Abstract

一种飞行器机翼，该飞行器机翼包括：机翼盒；燃料箱；燃料电池系统，燃料电池系统包括燃料电池；燃料管线，燃料管线构造成将燃料从燃料箱输送至燃料电池系统；推进系统，推进系统由机翼盒承载；以及电力管线，电力管线构造成将电力从燃料电池系统输送至推进系统。燃料箱和燃料电池系统位于机翼盒的内部，并且推进系统位于机翼盒的外部。

Description

具有燃料箱和燃料电池的飞行器机翼
技术领域
本发明涉及具有燃料箱和燃料电池的飞行器机翼。
背景技术
CN207631504(U)中描述了一种氢能量固定翼飞行器。氢燃料箱经由挂架悬挂在机翼下方，并且燃料电池堆设置在机翼中。
发明内容
本发明的第一方面提供了一种飞行器机翼，该飞行器机翼包括：机翼盒；燃料箱；燃料电池系统，燃料电池系统包括燃料电池；燃料管线，燃料管线构造成将燃料从燃料箱输送至燃料电池系统；推进系统，推进系统由机翼盒承载；以及电力管线，电力管线构造成将电力从燃料电池系统输送至推进系统，其中，燃料箱和燃料电池系统位于机翼盒的内部，并且推进系统位于机翼盒的外部。
可选地，燃料箱是氢燃料箱。
可选地，推进系统悬挂在机翼盒的下方。
可选地，燃料电池系统还包括蓄电池。
可选地，推进系统包括马达。
可选地，推进系统包括电力控制单元。
可选地，推进系统包括螺旋桨。
可选地，电力管线是挠性的。
可选地，机翼盒包括：上盖；下盖；前翼梁和后翼梁。
可选地，电力管线穿过前翼梁或后翼梁。
可选地，推进系统由挂架承载。
可选地，燃料箱为筒状的。
附图说明
现在将参照附图描述本发明的实施方式，在附图中：
图1是飞行器的平面图；
图2是图1的飞行器的前视图；
图3是左舷机翼的平面图，该平面图示出了燃料电池系统和推进系统；以及
图4是机翼盒的一部分的等距视图，其中，上盖已被移除。
具体实施方式
图1和图2所示的飞行器1包括机身2和一对机翼3、4。每个机翼包括机翼盒5，机翼盒5包括上盖10、下盖11、前翼梁12和后翼梁13。
上盖10在图1中示出，并且机翼盒5的一部分在图4中示出，其中，上盖10被移除以使内部部件可见。图3是左舷机翼的平面图，其中，示出了各种内部部件。
机翼盒5包括多个肋部，这些肋部将机翼盒划分为隔间。肋部中的每个肋部均附接至盖10、11中的两者以及翼梁12、13中的两者。肋部中的两个肋部被标记为14并且在图4中示出。
多个筒状氢燃料箱位于机翼盒5的内部。在图3中未示出燃料箱，并且图4仅示出了氢燃料箱中的两个氢燃料箱20、21。在该示例中，每个燃料箱20、21位于一对肋部之间的相应隔间20a、21a的内部。机翼盒5可以包括各自容纳在相应的隔间内的其他氢燃料箱(未示出)。在替代实施方式中，氢燃料箱可以沿穿过肋部的翼展方向延伸。
在这个示例中，机翼盒容纳多个燃料箱20、21，但是在替代实施方式中，机翼盒可以仅容纳单个燃料箱。
机翼盒5的内部还设有燃料电池系统30，燃料电池系统30位于图4所示的一对肋部14之间的隔间中。燃料电池系统30包括燃料电池32和蓄电池33。第一燃料管线40构造成将氢燃料从燃料箱20输送至燃料电池系统30，并且第二燃料管线41构造成将氢燃料从燃料箱21输送至燃料电池系统30。
燃料电池32是将氢燃料的化学能转换为存储在蓄电池33中的电能的电化学电池(或电池堆)。
推进系统50由机翼盒5承载。如图3所示，推进系统50位于机翼盒5的外部。推进系统50包括电力控制单元51、马达52和带罩螺旋桨53。
在这个示例中，推进系统50由图3所示的挂架53悬挂在机翼盒5下方。在替代实施方式中，推进系统50可以位于机翼盒5上方，或者由机翼盒承载在任何其他位置中。
电力管线60构造成将电力从燃料电池系统30输送至推进系统50。电力控制单元51构造成接收来自蓄电池的电力和来自飞行员的控制输入，并相应地向马达52输出电力。马达52构造成将来自电力控制单元51的电力转换成运动，马达52将运动传递至螺旋桨或涡轮机53。
在这个示例中，电力管线60穿过前翼梁12，但是在替代实施方式中，电力管线60可以穿过后翼梁13或穿过机翼盒5的任何其他部分。
在飞行器1的飞行期间，在推进系统50与机翼盒5之间可以存在大量的相对运动。电力管线60是挠性的，使得该电力管线可以挠曲以适应这种相对运动而不会被过度损坏。
将燃料电池系统30定位在机翼盒5的内部意味着氢燃料管线40、41不需要适应这种相对运动。
在上面描述的该示例中，燃料箱20、21是氢燃料箱，但是在其他示例中，燃料箱可以容纳任何其他类型的燃料，这些燃料可以被燃料电池使用以将化学能转化为电能。
总之，上述本发明的实施方式提供了一种飞行器机翼3，飞行器机翼3包括：机翼盒5；一个或更多个燃料箱20、21；燃料电池系统30，燃料电池系统30包括燃料电池32；一个或更多个燃料管线40、41，一个或更多个燃料管线40、41构造成将燃料从燃料箱输送至燃料电池系统；推进系统50，推进系统50由机翼盒5承载；以及电力管线60，电力管线60构造成将电力从燃料电池系统30输送至推进系统50。燃料箱20、21和燃料电池系统30位于机翼盒的内部，并且推进系统50位于机翼盒的外部。
与CN207631504(U)相比，这种布置具有多个优点。首先，应当注意的是，CN207631504(U)中的飞行器具有安装在其机身的头部上的螺旋桨，但是没有公开由燃料电池堆驱动的螺旋桨。因此，第一个优点在于提供了由来自燃料电池的电力供电的推进系统50。其次，CN207631504(U)中的燃料箱与燃料电池之间的氢燃料管线必须适应机翼与悬挂在机翼下方的燃料箱之间的相对运动。第二个优点在于这样的运动不需要由氢燃料管线40、41来适应，从而使得氢燃料管线40、41不容易破裂。第三个优点在于，通过将燃料箱20、21定位在机翼盒5中，燃料箱20、21较少地受到损坏的风险。第四个优点在于，安装在机翼的推进系统50靠近燃料电池系统30，从而使得布置紧凑。安装在机翼的推进系统50还提供了各种其他优点，比如改进的飞行操纵以及当飞行器位于地面上时更容易检查或修理推进系统50。
当出现词语“或”时，这将被解释为意指“和/或”，使得所提及的项目不一定相互排斥，并且可以以任何适当的组合使用。
尽管上面已经参照一个或更多个优选实施方式描述了本发明，但是将理解的是，在不偏离如所附权利要求中限定的本发明的范围的情况下，可以做出各种改变或修改。

Claims (12)

1.一种飞行器机翼，所述飞行器机翼包括：机翼盒；燃料箱；燃料电池系统，所述燃料电池系统包括燃料电池；燃料管线，所述燃料管线构造成将燃料从所述燃料箱输送至所述燃料电池系统；推进系统，所述推进系统由所述机翼盒承载；以及电力管线，所述电力管线构造成将电力从所述燃料电池系统输送至所述推进系统，其中，所述燃料箱和所述燃料电池系统位于所述机翼盒的内部，并且所述推进系统位于所述机翼盒的外部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述燃料箱为氢燃料箱。
3.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述推进系统悬挂在所述机翼盒的下方。
4.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述燃料电池系统还包括蓄电池。
5.根据任一前述项权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述推进系统包括马达。
6.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述推进系统包括电力控制系统。
7.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述推进系统包括螺旋桨。
8.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述电力管线是挠性的。
9.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述机翼盒包括：上盖；下盖；前翼梁；以及后翼梁。
10.根据权利要求9所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述电力管线穿过所述前翼梁或所述后翼梁。
11.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述推进系统由挂架承载。
12.根据任一前述权利要求所述的飞行器机翼，其中，所述燃料箱是筒状的。
CN202280012640.7A 2021-02-25 2022-02-08 具有燃料箱和燃料电池的飞行器机翼 Pending CN116783116A (zh)

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US5106035A (en) * 1989-12-29 1992-04-21 Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation Aircraft propulsion system using air liquefaction and storage
BR0108782A (pt) * 2000-02-14 2003-07-01 Aerovironment Inc Aeronave e método para controle da exposição de células solares à luz
US9493246B2 (en) * 2013-09-12 2016-11-15 The Boeing Company Cryogenic fuel tanks for use in aircraft structures
US10364039B2 (en) * 2017-04-25 2019-07-30 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Deformable clips for an aircraft fuel systems
CN207631504U (zh) 2017-08-01 2018-07-20 江苏屹高鹰视文化传播有限公司 氢能源燃料电池固定翼飞机
FR3097202B1 (fr) * 2019-06-14 2024-02-23 Airbus Systeme autonome de propulsion a helice pour un aeronef, ledit systeme autonome de propulsion a helice comportant une pile a combustible

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EP4298015A1 (en) 2024-01-03
WO2022180355A1 (en) 2022-09-01
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GB2604138A (en) 2022-08-31
KR20230149828A (ko) 2023-10-27
JP2024509111A (ja) 2024-02-29

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