CN116776557A - Distribution network direct impact Lei Zhixin degree calculation method based on lightning positioning system data - Google Patents
Distribution network direct impact Lei Zhixin degree calculation method based on lightning positioning system data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distribution network direct attack Lei Zhixin degree calculation method based on lightning positioning system data, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining lightning strike data to be used for analysis and determining an error magnitude of the data; s2: determining a direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line by selecting an electrical geometry model or a lead propagation model based on whether the equipment is provided with a lightning conductor or not; s3: calculating the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line through ATP-EMTP software simulation; s4: and calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network lines. The invention provides a concept of direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees, wherein the confidence degree is the reliability, the direct impact confidence degree is the reliability of the distribution network line flashover fault caused by the lightning strike of the line monitored by a lightning positioning system, and the higher the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of a certain lightning strike, the higher the possibility of the line lightning strike fault caused by the lightning strike is, so that effective guidance is provided for the distribution network fault identification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning positioning, in particular to a direct impact Lei Zhixin degree calculation method of a distribution network based on lightning positioning system data.
Background
At present, the structure of a main network is increasingly perfect, the probability of large-scale power failure caused by the failure of main network equipment is very small, and the power failure accidents generally occur in the distribution network due to low distribution network equipment and technical level and no very high insulation level. The distribution line equipment has uneven quality, is greatly influenced by climate and geographical environment, directly faces a user terminal, has complex power supply and power consumption conditions, and is still a main factor for causing tripping of the distribution line. Along with the continuous improvement of the electrification degree, the importance of the user side of the distribution network line is increasingly highlighted, so that the safety and stability of the distribution network line are ensured, and the distribution network line is the first requirement of a power supply enterprise for meeting the user demands. The distribution network line has the characteristics of large base number, wide distribution and low insulation level, is sensitive to the change of surrounding electromagnetic fields and is extremely easily influenced by lightning disasters.
The lightning positioning system is an automatic weather detection system for monitoring lightning occurrence by utilizing the characteristics of sound, light and electromagnetic field of lightning strike back radiation to telemetere lightning strike back discharge parameters, and can detect the time, position, intensity, polarity and the like of the lightning occurrence, thereby providing basis for analysis and treatment of lightning strike faults. Compared with the traditional means, the lightning positioning system can position the lightning fault position in second-level time, so that the line inspection efficiency is greatly improved. The invention discloses a verification positioning method, device and system for lightning strike faults of a distribution network through retrieval of patent number CN 202111122521.0. The verification positioning system comprises a verification positioning module, a data storage module and a user interaction module. The method comprises the steps of calculating a diagnosis-confirmed characterization value and an exclusion characterization value of a lightning stroke fault according to a historical lightning stroke fault data set and a preset characterization value calculation method, judging whether each group of suspected lightning stroke fault data in a suspected lightning stroke fault data set is characterized as the lightning stroke fault according to a lightning stroke position data set by taking the diagnosis-confirmed characterization value and the exclusion characterization value of the lightning stroke fault as standards, and outputting the verified suspected lightning stroke fault data comprising fault position information. Patent number CN201510223429.1 discloses a lightning shielding failure and counterattack recognition method based on lightning positioning system record and line traveling wave data. According to the method, firstly, the shielding failure critical current amplitude is calculated according to an electric model of a transmission line tower; when the transmission line is struck by lightning, calculating the time difference between the arrival time obtained by the measuring end of the traveling wave distance measuring device and the recording time of a plurality of lightning strokes of the lightning positioning system, extracting the lightning current amplitude value recorded by the lightning stroke corresponding to the minimum value of the time difference, comparing the lightning current amplitude value with the shielding failure critical current amplitude value, and judging as counterattack if the lightning current amplitude value is larger than the shielding failure critical current amplitude value; otherwise, judging as a shielding failure. Both of the above patents do not fully consider the technical level and the influence of a plurality of complex environmental factors, and the position distribution of the detection station and the spatial relationship with lightning points, which all cause errors in the data of the lightning positioning system, including positioning errors and lightning current amplitude measurement errors, and the existence of errors can cause the situation that lightning is not misjudged as lightning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a distribution network direct impact Lei Zhixin degree calculation method based on lightning positioning system data, which solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a direct impact Lei Zhixin degree calculation method of a distribution network based on lightning positioning system data comprises the following steps:
s1: determining lightning strike data to be used for analysis and determining an error magnitude of the data;
s2: determining a direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line by selecting an electrical geometry model or a lead propagation model based on whether the equipment is provided with a lightning conductor or not;
s3: calculating the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line through ATP-EMTP software simulation;
s4: and calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network lines.
Preferably, the step S1 specifically includes: and acquiring a lightning coordinate and an amplitude value through a lightning positioning system, so as to acquire a positioning error and a lightning current amplitude value measurement error.
Preferably, the specific judgment criteria for IQ versus the electrical geometry model or the pilot propagation model in step 2 are: the electrical geometry model is used when the line is not equipped with a lightning conductor, and the pilot propagation model is used when the circuit is equipped with a lightning conductor.
Preferably, when the electrical geometric model is adopted, the stroke distance is first calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
r c ＝1.63(5.015I 0.587 -U) 1.125
r g ＝[3.6+1.7ln(43-h)]I 0.65
wherein r is c And r g The impact distance of the line and the ground is respectively represented, wherein I is the lightning current amplitude, the unit is kA, h is the line height, the unit is m, U is the line voltage, and the unit is kV;
then, the exposure distance of the line is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein r is c And r g The impact distance of the line and the ground is shown, and h is the line height.
Preferably, when the pilot propagation model is adopted, the side suction distance is first obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
D(I,h)＝1.57I 0.69 h 0.45
wherein I is the lightning current amplitude, the unit is kA, h is the structure height, and the unit is m;
then, the line exposure distance is calculated as follows:
W sf ＝D c +a-D g
wherein D is g And D c The side attraction distances of the lightning conductor and the line are indicated, respectively.
Preferably, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s301: constructing a lightning-resistant level calculation ATP model;
s302: setting an initial value of a lightning current amplitude I;
s303: starting simulation;
s304: judging whether the insulator is in flashover or not, if so, enabling I1=I, and if not, enabling I2=I;
s305: judging whether I1-I2 is smaller than 0.5KA, if so, outputting I1 to be the incoming level and ending the process, if not, making I= (I1+I2)/2, and then returning to step S303.
Preferably, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s401: calculating the possibility of the actual lightning point in the line exposure distance, and marking as P1;
s402: probability density function p (I) of lightning resistance level and actual lightning current amplitude value within error range obtained through ATP simulation;
s403: the straight stroke Lei Zhixin degrees is calculated as shown in the following formula:
wherein I is z Represents the lightning-proof level of the line, and is expressed in kA and I 0 The unit of the magnitude of the lightning current monitored by the lightning positioning system is kA, the unit of the ΔI is the measurement error, and the unit is kA.
Preferably, the probability density function calculation formula of the actual lightning current amplitude within the error range is as follows:
wherein I is 0 The unit of the magnitude of the lightning current monitored by the lightning positioning system is kA, the unit of the ΔI is the measurement error, and the unit is kA.
An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a storage device; the storage device stores a program, which is executed by the processor to implement the method as described above.
A computer medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements a method as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the calculation of the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network based on the lightning positioning system data is mainly carried out, firstly, the lightning falling data to be used for analysis is determined, and the error of the data is determined; secondly, determining the direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line through an electrical geometric model and a pilot propagation model; then, calculating the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line through ATP-EMTP software simulation; and finally, calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network line according to the data. The invention provides a concept of direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees, wherein the confidence degree is the reliability, and the direct impact confidence degree refers to the reliability of the line flashover fault of a distribution network caused by the lightning strike of a line monitored by a lightning positioning system, and the higher the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of a certain lightning strike, the higher the possibility of the line lightning strike fault caused by the lightning strike. Namely, according to the data of the lightning positioning system, the direct impact confidence value is calculated and analyzed, and the possibility of line flashover faults caused by the lightning direct impact line is obtained. The value of Lei Zhixin degrees can be used as the basis for judging the fault type of the distribution network line. Effective guidance is provided for the fault identification of the distribution network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an electrical geometry model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pilot propagation model principle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a direct lightning trip confidence calculation;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network based on lightning positioning system data;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a dichotomy calculation of the lightning stroke level.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
Due to the technical level of the detection equipment and the influence of various complex environmental factors, and the position distribution of the detection stations and the spatial relation between the detection stations and lightning points, errors of data of the lightning positioning system, including positioning errors and lightning current amplitude measurement errors, can be caused. The existence of errors can lead to the situation that lightning stroke is not misjudged as lightning stroke, so the invention provides a concept of direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees, namely the confidence degree of direct impact that the lightning-down direct impact line monitored by a lightning positioning system causes the flashover fault of a distribution network line, and the higher the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of a certain lightning down is, the higher the possibility that the lightning down causes the lightning stroke fault of the line is. According to the invention, the calculation of the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network based on the lightning positioning system data is mainly carried out, firstly, the lightning falling data to be used for analysis is determined, and the error of the data is determined; secondly, determining the direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line through an electrical geometric model and a pilot propagation model; then, calculating the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line through ATP-EMTP software simulation; and finally, calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network line according to the data. The invention provides effective guidance for the fault identification of the distribution network.
1-5, the method for calculating Lei Zhixin degrees of direct impact of the distribution network based on lightning positioning system data provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: determining lightning strike data to be used for analysis and determining an error magnitude of the data;
the lightning strike data to be used for analysis is determined and the error magnitude of the data is determined. The lightning data may be selected within a certain period of time before the moment of failure of the distribution network. The positioning accuracy of the lightning positioning system is affected by multiple aspects, no method for uniformly determining the positioning error exists at present, and according to the current technical level, the positioning accuracy of the lightning positioning system for monitoring the lightning landing can reach 0.5km, so that the positioning error adopted in the calculation of the invention is 0.5km, and the actual lightning position is considered to be in equal probability distribution within the error range; by comparing the current amplitude value measured by manual lightning initiation with the current amplitude value observed by the lightning positioning system, the relative error of the inversion result of the lightning current peak value of the lightning positioning system is found to be about 14%, and the lightning current peak value measurement error adopted in the method is about 14%, so that the lightning current amplitude value can be considered to be distributed normally in an error range in order to be more fit with the actual situation. Equation (1) is a probability density function of the actual lightning current amplitude within the error range.
Wherein I0 is the magnitude of the lightning current monitored by the lightning positioning system, the unit is kA, and DeltaI is the measurement error, and the unit is kA.
S2: determining a direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line by selecting an electrical geometry model or a lead propagation model based on whether the equipment is provided with a lightning conductor or not;
and determining the direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line through the electrical geometric model and the pilot propagation model. When the lightning conductor is not installed on the line, the exposure distance of the line direct lightning strike can be determined through an electrical geometric model. The schematic diagram of the electrical geometry model is shown in fig. 1. In the figure, r c And r g The impact distance of the line and the ground are respectively represented, and h represents the height of the line. According to the design specification of overvoltage protection and insulation coordination of alternating current electric devices in residences and urban and rural construction parts of the people's republic of China, the stroke distance formula adopted by the invention is shown as formula (2) and formula (3).
r c ＝1.63(5.015I 0.587 -U) 1.125 (2)
r g ＝[3.6+1.7ln(43-h)]I 0.65 (3)
Wherein I is the lightning current amplitude, and the unit is kA; h is the line height in m; u is line voltage in kV. Thus, when no lightning conductor is present, the exposed distance of the line can be obtained by the equation (4).
When the lightning conductor is installed on the line, the exposure distance of the line shielding failure can be determined through a pilot propagation model. The principle schematic diagram of the pilot propagation model is shown in fig. 2. The Rizk et al propose a pilot propagation model in which the side attraction distance D is proposed in analyzing the shielding performance of the transmission line, and Dg and Dc in fig. 2 represent the side attraction distances of the lightning conductor and the line, respectively. The formula of the side suction distance is shown in formula (5). The calculation formula of the line exposure distance is shown in formula (6).
D(I,h)＝1.57I 0.69 h 0.45 (5)
W sf ＝D c +a-D g (6)
Wherein I is the lightning current amplitude, the unit is kA, h is the structure height, and the unit is m.
S3: calculating the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line through ATP-EMTP software simulation;
the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line is calculated through ATP-EMTP software simulation. ATP-EMTP (The Alternative Transients Program and Electromagnetic Transients Program) is one of electromagnetic transient calculation simulation software widely applied at home and abroad at present, has the advantages of large scale, strong function, real simulation and the like, and various electrical equipment models contained in ATP-EMTP can meet the requirement of the calculation. The lightning-resistant level of the line can be obtained by constructing a direct impact Lei Nailei level calculation model by adopting ATP-EMTP software. If the flashover condition occurs, reducing the lightning current amplitude value, and performing simulation analysis again; if no flashover occurs, increasing the lightning current amplitude, and utilizing a dichotomy to perform trial simulation for a plurality of times until the minimum lightning current amplitude when the insulator flashover occurs is obtained. The specific flow chart is shown in the attached drawing. The method comprises the following steps:
s301: constructing a lightning-resistant level calculation ATP model;
s302: setting an initial value of a lightning current amplitude I;
s303: starting simulation;
s304: judging whether the insulator is in flashover or not, if so, enabling I1=I, and if not, enabling I2=I;
s305: judging whether I1-I2 is smaller than 0.5KA, if so, outputting I1 to be the incoming level and ending the process, if not, making I= (I1+I2)/2, and then returning to step S303.
S4: and calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network lines.
And calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network lines. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of calculation of a direct lightning tripping rate, wherein a thick solid line in the diagram represents a distribution network line, a point a is a lightning strike point monitored by a lightning positioning system, a is a distance from the lightning strike point to the line, D1 is an exposure distance of the line, R is a positioning error of the lightning positioning system, and a circle with a as a center of a circle R as a radius represents a possible position of an actual lightning strike point. Firstly, calculating the possibility of an actual lightning point in the line exposure distance, namely the proportion of the area of an S1 region to the total circular area in the graph, marking as P1, determining the probability that the lightning current amplitude is larger than the lightning resistance level, and calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees through a probability density function P (I) of the lightning resistance level and the actual lightning current amplitude within the error range, wherein the probability density function P (I) is obtained through ATP simulation, and the calculation formula is shown in a formula (7).
Wherein I is z The lightning protection level of the line is expressed in kA.
In summary, the invention mainly carries out the calculation of the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network based on the lightning positioning system data, firstly determines the lightning falling data to be used for analysis and determines the error size of the data; secondly, determining the direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line through an electrical geometric model and a pilot propagation model; then, calculating the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line through ATP-EMTP software simulation; and finally, calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network line according to the data. The invention provides a concept of direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees, wherein the confidence degree is the reliability, and the direct impact confidence degree refers to the reliability of the line flashover fault of a distribution network caused by the lightning strike of a line monitored by a lightning positioning system, and the higher the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of a certain lightning strike, the higher the possibility of the line lightning strike fault caused by the lightning strike. Namely, according to the data of the lightning positioning system, the direct impact confidence value is calculated and analyzed, and the possibility of line flashover faults caused by the lightning direct impact line is obtained. The value of Lei Zhixin degrees can be used as the basis for judging the fault type of the distribution network line. Effective guidance is provided for the fault identification of the distribution network, and the problems in the background technology are solved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. The method for calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network based on the lightning positioning system data is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: determining lightning strike data to be used for analysis and determining an error magnitude of the data;
s2: determining a direct impact exposure distance of the distribution network line by selecting an electrical geometry model or a lead propagation model based on whether the equipment is provided with a lightning conductor or not;
s3: calculating the direct impact Lei Nailei level of the distribution network line through ATP-EMTP software simulation;
s4: and calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network lines.
2. The method for calculating Lei Zhixin degrees of direct impact of a distribution network based on lightning positioning system data according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is specifically: and acquiring a lightning coordinate and an amplitude value through a lightning positioning system, so as to acquire a positioning error and a lightning current amplitude value measurement error.
3. The method for calculating Lei Zhixin degrees of direct impact of distribution network based on lightning positioning system data according to claim 1, wherein the specific judgment criteria for IQ to be used for the electrical geometry model or the pilot propagation model in the step 2 are as follows: the electrical geometry model is used when the line is not equipped with a lightning conductor, and the pilot propagation model is used when the circuit is equipped with a lightning conductor.
4. The method for calculating Lei Zhixin degrees of direct impact of a distribution network based on lightning positioning system data according to claim 3, wherein when an electrical geometric model is adopted, the impact distance is calculated first, and the calculation formula is as follows:
r c ＝1.63(5.015I 0.587 -U) 1.125
r g ＝[3.6+1.7ln(43-h)]I 0.65
wherein r is c And r g The impact distance of the line and the ground is respectively represented, wherein I is the lightning current amplitude, the unit is kA, h is the line height, the unit is m, U is the line voltage, and the unit is kV;
then, the exposure distance of the line is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein r is c And r g The impact distance of the line and the ground is shown, and h is the line height.
5. The method for calculating Lei Zhixin degrees of direct impact of a distribution network based on lightning positioning system data according to claim 3, wherein when a pilot propagation model is adopted, a side attraction distance is calculated first, and a calculation formula is as follows:
D(I,h)＝1.57I 0.69 h 0.45
wherein I is the lightning current amplitude, the unit is kA, h is the structure height, and the unit is m;
then, the line exposure distance is calculated as follows:
W sf ＝D c +a-D g
wherein D is g And D c The side attraction distances of the lightning conductor and the line are indicated, respectively.
6. The method for calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network based on the lightning positioning system data according to claim 3, wherein the step S3 is specifically as follows:
s301: constructing a lightning-resistant level calculation ATP model;
s302: setting an initial value of a lightning current amplitude I;
s303: starting simulation;
s304: judging whether the insulator is in flashover or not, if so, enabling I1=I, and if not, enabling I2=I;
s305: judging whether I1-I2 is smaller than 0.5KA, if so, outputting I1 to be the incoming level and ending the process, if not, making I= (I1+I2)/2, and then returning to step S303.
7. The method for calculating the direct impact Lei Zhixin degrees of the distribution network based on the lightning positioning system data according to claim 3, wherein the step S4 is specifically as follows:
s401: calculating the possibility of the actual lightning point in the line exposure distance, and marking as P1;
s402: probability density function p (I) of lightning resistance level and actual lightning current amplitude value within error range obtained through ATP simulation;
s403: the straight stroke Lei Zhixin degrees is calculated as shown in the following formula:
wherein I is z Represents the lightning-proof level of the line, and is expressed in kA and I 0 The unit of the magnitude of the lightning current monitored by the lightning positioning system is kA, the unit of the ΔI is the measurement error, and the unit is kA.
8. The method for calculating Lei Zhixin degrees of direct lightning distribution network based on lightning positioning system data according to claim 7, wherein the probability density function calculation formula of the actual lightning current amplitude within the error range is as follows:
wherein I is 0 The unit of the magnitude of the lightning current monitored by the lightning positioning system is kA, the unit of the ΔI is the measurement error, and the unit is kA.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a storage device; the storage device has stored thereon a program for execution by the processor for performing the method of any of claims 1-8.
10. A computer medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 1-8.
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