CN116774769A - MPPT (maximum Power Point tracking) fast high-precision power control method, system, equipment and medium - Google Patents

MPPT (maximum Power Point tracking) fast high-precision power control method, system, equipment and medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116774769A
CN116774769A CN202311065842.0A CN202311065842A CN116774769A CN 116774769 A CN116774769 A CN 116774769A CN 202311065842 A CN202311065842 A CN 202311065842A CN 116774769 A CN116774769 A CN 116774769A
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power
mppt
load
voltage
power control
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CN202311065842.0A
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张耀
郑洪涛
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Jiangsu Natong Energy Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Natong Energy Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power control of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a method, a system, equipment and a medium for fast and high-precision power control of MPPT, wherein the method for fast and high-precision power control of MPPT comprises the following steps: calculating the load limiting power required to be output; judging whether the output power is larger than the sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold value, if so, entering a load limiting mode; recording the current PV voltage value; calculating a voltage value of the PV voltage in the PI loop, which needs to be offset; and judging whether the offset is smaller than an offset threshold value, if so, exiting the load limiting mode. The technical scheme of the application aims to quickly lead the power to reach the limit value, track the limit power value in real time and have high control precision.

Description

MPPT (maximum Power Point tracking) fast high-precision power control method, system, equipment and medium
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module power control, in particular to a rapid high-precision power control method, a rapid high-precision power control system, rapid high-precision power control equipment and rapid high-precision power control medium for MPPT.
Background
At present, when solar energy is adopted for charging outdoors, the energy storage equipment needs to be charged rapidly, so that the solar energy needs to be converted into electric energy to the greatest extent and is output to the energy storage equipment.
In the related art, the input power of the inverter is changed by adopting a method of PV voltage reference change to realize the control of the power of the photovoltaic module, but the power of each step length is inconsistent, the limit speed is low, and in order to prevent the power from fluctuating after the limited power arrives, a hysteresis loop is needed for adjustment, so that the power accuracy is low; or, the rear-stage DC-AC part of the limiting inverter is adopted to raise the bus, and the front stage limits MPPT side power through the judgment of the bus.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a method, a system, equipment and a medium for fast and high-precision MPPT power control, which aim to fast lead power to reach a limit value, track limit power values in real time and have high control precision.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the fast high-precision power control method for MPPT provided by the application comprises the following steps:
calculating the load limiting power required to be output;
judging whether the output power is larger than the sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold value, if so, entering a load limiting mode;
recording the current PV voltage value;
calculating a voltage value of the PV voltage in the PI loop, which needs to be offset;
and judging whether the offset is smaller than an offset threshold value, if so, exiting the load limiting mode.
In an embodiment of the present application, the load limiting mode is PI loop tracking.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the step of determining whether the output power is greater than a sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold, if so, entering the load limiting mode, wherein the power threshold is 50W.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the step of determining whether the offset is smaller than an offset threshold, if yes, exiting the load limiting mode, the offset threshold is-10V.
In an embodiment of the present application, after the step of recording the current PV voltage value, the method further includes:
and judging whether the PV voltage value reaches a quota reference standard value of the PV voltage value.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step of calculating the voltage value of the PV voltage in the PI loop, which needs to be shifted, is followed by load shedding to the right.
In an embodiment of the present application, when exiting the load limiting mode, the current output power is less than the load limiting power.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application further provides a fast and high-precision power control system for MPPT, including:
a photovoltaic cell array for converting solar energy into electrical energy;
the MPPT controller is used for detecting the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic cell array and tracking the total voltage current value; and
and (3) loading.
To achieve the above object, the present application also provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory; the memory stores a program that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the MPPT fast and high-precision power control method as described above.
To achieve the above object, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a program for implementing the fast and high-precision power control method of MPPT as described above when executed by a processor.
According to the technical scheme, the PI loop is adopted to control the power, so that the power can reach the limit value rapidly, the PI loop tracks the limit power value in real time, the curve has no fluctuation, and the accuracy is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fast and high-precision power control method for MPPT according to the present application.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The application provides a quick high-precision power control method for MPPT.
Referring to fig. 1 in combination, fig. 1 is a flowchart of the fast and high-precision power control method for MPPT according to the present application, the fast and high-precision power control method for MPPT includes the following steps:
s10: calculating the load limiting power required to be output;
the load limiting power is the maximum power that the system or device can provide and should be less than or equal to the maximum loadable power. It should be noted that environmental factors should also be considered when calculating the load-limiting power, which may affect the performance and maximum power of the device, for example, high temperature, high humidity or high altitude environments may cause the power of the device to decrease. The load power demand is compared to the maximum power carrying capacity of the device. If the load power demand is less than the maximum power of the device, the maximum power may be taken as the load limiting power.
S20: judging whether the output power is larger than the sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold value, if so, entering a load limiting mode;
the power generation principle of the photovoltaic power station is that solar energy irradiated on a photovoltaic cell array is converted into electric energy, and the output electric energy is directly proportional to the intensity of solar radiation irradiated on the surface of the photovoltaic cell array. The solar radiation intensity is high, the output power of the photovoltaic cell array is high, and otherwise, the output power of the photovoltaic module is weak. Generally, output power refers to the power at its maximum power point. Judging whether the output power of the photovoltaic cell array is larger than the sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold value, wherein the power threshold value is a limit reference value set according to the load limiting power, entering a load limiting mode if the output power is larger than the sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold value, and keeping an MPPT maximum power tracking mode if the output power is not larger than the sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold value.
S30: recording the current PV voltage value;
the PV voltage is the direct voltage produced by an array of photovoltaic cells (solar panels) in a solar photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic cell array converts solar radiation into electric energy and outputs a direct current voltage. The magnitude of the PV voltage depends on a number of factors, including solar radiation intensity, temperature, shading, and the design of the photovoltaic array. Typically, when the intensity of solar radiation is high, the PV voltage increases; when the solar radiation intensity is low or shadows are present, the PV voltage may decrease. The typical range of PV voltages can vary from a few volts to several hundred volts in general, depending on the particular photovoltaic system and application used. Commercial and industrial-scale photovoltaic systems typically have a relatively high output voltage and cooperate with an inverter to convert it to alternating current. Whereas in small residential photovoltaic systems, the PV voltage is typically low and is used directly to charge a battery or supply power. It is important to ensure that the PV voltage is within the design of the system and meets relevant safety standards and regulations. Too high or too low a PV voltage may affect system performance, damage electronic equipment, or cause safety issues. Therefore, the maximum voltage of the photovoltaic array and other relevant parameters need to be considered during the design and installation of the photovoltaic system to ensure the normal operation and safety performance of the system.
The magnitude of the current PV voltage value, that is, the MPPT limit loop PV quota reference, is recorded.
S40: calculating a voltage value of the PV voltage in the PI loop, which needs to be offset;
in PI loop control, a calculation quota is typically used to define the range of the output control signal to prevent the controller from outputting too much or too little. This quota value is typically determined based on the characteristics and design requirements of the system. If the quota is to be calculated from the offset PV voltage value, it can be done as follows:
the offset value of the PV voltage is determined, which is typically determined by measuring the deviation of the PV voltage from a reference point (typically the set point or target value of the system).
Depending on the system requirements and design, it is desirable to limit the range of the controller output. This may be determined based on the maximum and minimum control signal ranges of the system.
The quota is calculated using the offset PV voltage value and the control signal range. This may be accomplished by adding or subtracting the PV voltage offset value to the control signal range.
For example, if the offset value of the PV voltage is known to be 10V and the control signal range is 0 to 100 (assuming a range of 0 as the minimum and 100 as the maximum), the following calculation can be performed:
upper limit = offset PV voltage value + upper limit of control signal range;
lower limit = offset PV voltage value + lower limit of control signal range;
in this example, the upper limit is =10+100=110 volts, and the lower limit is =10+0=10 volts. Thus, the control signal may be limited to between 10 and 110 volts.
It should be noted that in practical applications, the dynamic response characteristics of the system and other factors, such as the controller saturation, should also be considered. Thus, it is ensured that the calculated quota value is adapted to the specific system and is adjusted and optimized according to the actual needs.
S50: and judging whether the offset is smaller than an offset threshold value, if so, exiting the load limiting mode.
And comparing the voltage value required to be offset with the offset threshold, if the offset is smaller than the offset threshold, exiting the load limiting mode, entering the MPPT power tracking mode, and if the offset is not smaller than the offset threshold, continuing to maintain the load limiting mode.
In an embodiment of the present application, the load limiting mode is PI loop tracking.
PI loop refers to a proportional-integral control loop. It is a common control algorithm for achieving stable control and response of the system. In one control system, the PI loop uses the difference between the feedback signal and the setpoint to generate a control output. It adjusts the output based on two main control parameters, proportional and integral, and adjusts according to the dynamic response characteristics of the system. The proportional control generates a control output by multiplying the difference between the output and the set point by a proportionality constant. It can respond quickly to changes in the set point, but can cause stability problems for the system, such as overshoot and oscillation. To solve the stability problem of proportional control, PI loops also introduce integral control. The integration control takes into account the accumulated error by accumulating the difference between the output and the set point and multiplying by an integration constant. It can eliminate steady state error and improve the control capability of the system to long-term deviation. The control output of the PI loop is a combination of proportional control and integral control, typically obtained by adding the two control outputs together. The proportional and integral parameters need to be adjusted according to specific control requirements to achieve stability, sensitivity and anti-interference capability of the system.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the step of determining whether the output power is greater than a sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold, if so, entering the load limiting mode, wherein the power threshold is 50W.
Alternatively, in step S20, the power threshold may be set to 50W, or may be set to another value according to the specification requirements of the hardware device, which is not limited herein.
In an embodiment of the present application, in the step of determining whether the offset is smaller than an offset threshold, if yes, exiting the load limiting mode, the offset threshold is-10V.
Optionally, in step S50, the offset threshold is-10V, and the offset calculating method refers to the offset calculating step, which is not described herein, and the offset threshold may be adjusted according to the load power and the output power, which is not limited herein.
In an embodiment of the present application, after the step of recording the current PV voltage value, the method further includes:
and judging whether the PV voltage value reaches a quota reference standard value of the PV voltage value.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step of calculating the voltage value of the PV voltage in the PI loop, which needs to be shifted, is followed by load shedding to the right.
If a right load reduction is to be achieved, it is generally referred to as adjusting the voltage or frequency of the photovoltaic cell array in the power system to achieve load balancing and power distribution. In an electrical power system, an array of photovoltaic cells typically provides electrical power according to load requirements. As the load increases, the voltage or frequency will decrease, and as the load decreases, the voltage or frequency will increase. Load balancing can be achieved to a certain extent by adjusting the voltage or frequency of the photovoltaic cell array to reduce load, and power is ensured to be contributed by each generator in the system in proportion so as to meet load requirements. The specific method and strategy for implementing load shedding may vary depending on the type and application of the system, and the following are some common methods:
frequency load shedding, namely if the power system takes frequency as a load shedding index, more or less power output can be realized by adjusting the output frequency of the photovoltaic cell array. Decreasing the frequency results in the photovoltaic cell array providing more power, while increasing the frequency reduces the power output.
Voltage drop load-in the case that the power system takes voltage as a load-drop index, the voltage of the generator can be regulated to realize load balance. Typically, decreasing the voltage results in the photovoltaic cell array providing more power, while increasing the voltage reduces the power output.
Frequency and voltage comprehensive load reduction, in some cases, frequency and voltage are comprehensively considered to realize load reduction. By adjusting the combination of voltage and frequency, more accurate load-shedding control can be achieved to meet load demands.
It should be noted that the load shedding operation involves the stability and safety of the power system and care must be taken. In practical applications, an automatic control system is generally used to realize accurate load reduction adjustment.
In an embodiment of the present application, when exiting the load limiting mode, the current output power is less than the load limiting power.
The application also provides a quick high-precision power control system for MPPT, which comprises:
a photovoltaic cell array for converting solar energy into electrical energy;
the MPPT controller is used for detecting the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic cell array and tracking the total voltage current value; and
and (3) loading.
It is understood that the photovoltaic cell array is a connection of multiple photovoltaic modules, and also a connection of more photovoltaic cells, and is the largest-scale photovoltaic power generation system. Solar cells can convert solar energy into direct current energy through photovoltaic effect, but current generated by one photovoltaic module (photovoltaic panel) is not enough for common residential use, so that a plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected together to form an array. Photovoltaic arrays are capable of converting direct current to alternating current for use with an inverter.
The MPPT controller is a full-scale maximum power point tracking solar controller, is an upgrading and upgrading product of a traditional solar charge-discharge controller, and can detect the power generation voltage of a solar panel in real time and track the highest voltage current Value (VI) so that the system charges a storage battery with the maximum power output. The method is applied to a solar photovoltaic system, coordinates the work of a solar cell panel, a storage battery and a load, and is a brain of the photovoltaic system. The maximum power point tracking system is an electric system which enables a photovoltaic panel to output more electric energy by adjusting the working state of an electric module, can effectively store direct current generated by a solar panel in a storage battery, and can effectively solve the problems of living and industrial electricity in remote areas and tourist areas which cannot be covered by a conventional power grid, and environmental pollution is not generated.
The embodiment provides an electronic device, which at least comprises a processor and a memory.
The processor may include one or more processing cores, such as: 4 core processors, 8 core processors, etc. The processor may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing ), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array), PLA (Programmable Logic Array ). The processor may also include a main processor, which is a processor for processing data in an awake state, also called a CPU (Central ProcessingUnit ), and a coprocessor; a coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor may incorporate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit, image processor) for rendering and rendering of content required to be displayed by the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence ) processor for processing computing operations related to machine learning.
The memory may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory may also include high-speed random access memory, as well as non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium in memory is used to store at least one instruction for execution by a processor to implement the fast and high precision power control method of MPPT provided by the method embodiments of the present application.
In some embodiments, the electronic device may further optionally include: a peripheral interface and at least one peripheral. The processor, memory, and peripheral interfaces may be connected by buses or signal lines. The individual peripheral devices may be connected to the peripheral device interface via buses, signal lines or circuit boards. Illustratively, peripheral devices include, but are not limited to: radio frequency circuitry, touch display screens, audio circuitry, and power supplies, among others.
Of course, the electronic device may also include fewer or more components, as the present embodiment is not limited in this regard.
Optionally, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, in which a program is stored, where the program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the fast and high-precision power control method for MPPT according to the above method embodiment.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present application and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the application.

Claims (10)

1. The fast high-precision power control method for MPPT is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
calculating the load limiting power required to be output;
judging whether the output power is larger than the sum of the load limiting power and the power threshold value, if so, entering a load limiting mode;
recording the current PV voltage value;
calculating a voltage value of the PV voltage in the PI loop, which needs to be offset;
and judging whether the offset is smaller than an offset threshold value, if so, exiting the load limiting mode.
2. The MPPT fast high-precision power control method of claim 1, wherein the load limiting mode is PI loop tracking.
3. The MPPT fast high-precision power control method of claim 1, wherein in the step of determining whether the output power is greater than a sum of the load-limiting power and a power threshold, if so, entering a load-limiting mode, the power threshold is 50W.
4. The MPPT fast high-precision power control method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein in the step of exiting the load limiting mode if the determined offset is less than an offset threshold, the offset threshold is-10V.
5. The MPPT fast high-precision power control method of claim 1, further comprising, after the step of recording the current PV voltage value:
and judging whether the PV voltage value reaches a quota reference standard value of the PV voltage value.
6. The MPPT fast high-precision power control method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the voltage value of the PV voltage in the PI loop that needs to be shifted is followed by a load shedding to the right.
7. The MPPT fast high-precision power control method of claim 4, wherein the current output power is less than the load-limiting power when exiting the load-limiting mode.
8. An MPPT fast high-precision power control system, comprising:
a photovoltaic cell array for converting solar energy into electrical energy;
the MPPT controller is used for detecting the power generation voltage of the photovoltaic cell array and tracking the total voltage current value; and
and (3) loading.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory stores a program that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the MPPT fast and high-precision power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium, wherein a program is stored in the storage medium, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the MPPT fast and high-precision power control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN202311065842.0A 2023-08-23 2023-08-23 MPPT (maximum Power Point tracking) fast high-precision power control method, system, equipment and medium Pending CN116774769A (en)

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CN1180261A (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-04-29 佳能株式会社 Power control apparatus for solar power generation system
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