CN116773421A - Test device and test method for separating and measuring oozed soil water - Google Patents
Test device and test method for separating and measuring oozed soil water Download PDFInfo
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- CN116773421A CN116773421A CN202310716122.XA CN202310716122A CN116773421A CN 116773421 A CN116773421 A CN 116773421A CN 202310716122 A CN202310716122 A CN 202310716122A CN 116773421 A CN116773421 A CN 116773421A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test device and a method for continuously separating and measuring oozed soil water, wherein the test device comprises a first-stage separation device, a second-stage separation device and a water collecting device; the first-stage separation device comprises a separation hanging bucket connected with the bracket A through a tension sensor A, and a screen A is arranged in the separation hanging bucket; the second separation device comprises a container A arranged on a balance A, a screen B and a screen C are arranged in the container A, and a drain pipe B is arranged on the side surface of the container A; the water collecting device comprises a container B arranged on a balance B. The quality of the exuded water was measured by a water collecting device. The soil particles of different particle groups are separated by a screen A, a screen B, a screen C and a container A. By the device, the sensors and the balance, the permeated soil water can be continuously and automatically separated into water and four different particle groups of soil, and the quality of the water and the soil of each particle group can be continuously measured. Solves the problem that the existing penetration deformation test can not continuously separate and measure the quality of the oozed soil particles of different particle groups.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering tests, in particular to a test device and a test method for separating and measuring oozed soil water.
Background
Most of the existing penetration deformation tests are only carried out on simple discontinuous grading soil, and the loss of coarse and fine particles in the oozed soil in the test process is necessarily measured, but the existing method cannot achieve the purposes of continuously separating and measuring the quality of oozed soil particles with different particle diameters. In practice, most of the earth materials with the problem of infiltration stability are wide-grade earth materials, the particle size covers several orders of magnitude, and the existing infiltration soil water measuring method cannot meet the requirements of practical engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a test device and a test method for separating and measuring oozed soil water, which solve the problem that the existing seepage deformation test can not continuously separate and measure the quality of oozed soil particles of different particle groups.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
there is provided a test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water, comprising a first stage separating device and a second stage separating device for separating soil particles according to particle groups and measuring the mass of soil particles of different particle groups, and a water collecting device for measuring the mass of water in oozed soil water;
the first-stage separation device comprises a separation bucket fixedly connected with the bracket A through a tension sensor A, and a water outlet A for outputting the seeped soil water to the second-stage separation device is arranged at the bottom of the separation bucket; a screen A connected with the bracket A through a displacement monitoring device is arranged in the separation bucket, and a seepage soil water inlet pipe is arranged in the screen A; the upper part of the separation bucket is provided with an overflow port and an overflow pipe connected with the overflow port;
the bottom of the separation bucket is provided with a water outlet A for outputting the seeped soil water to the second separation device;
the second separation device comprises a container A arranged on a balance A, a screen C is arranged in the container A, the bottom of the screen C is connected with a water container through a plurality of springs B, and the top of the screen C is connected with a bracket B through a displacement sensor B;
the inside of the screen C is provided with a screen B for filtering the oozed soil water output by the water outlet A, and the screen B is connected with a bracket B through a tension sensor B;
a water outlet B for outputting the seeped soil water to the water collecting device is arranged on the water container; the pore diameters of the screen A, the screen B and the screen C are sequentially reduced.
The basic principle of the test device for separating and measuring oozing soil water in the scheme is as follows: the method comprises the steps that a screen A, a screen B, a screen C and a container A divide soil particles in the permeated soil water into four particle groups, the mass and occupied space of the soil particles in the four particle groups are obtained through reading of each sensor and a balance, and the mass of water in the permeated soil water is measured through a water collecting device; the method realizes the automatic separation of the oozed soil and water, meets the requirements of the osmotic deformation test of the wide-grade soil material on the measurement of the oozed soil and water, has important significance for the research of the osmotic deformation test mechanism, and solves the problem that the existing osmotic deformation test can not continuously separate and measure the quality of oozed soil particles of different particle groups.
Further, the bottom of the separation bucket is provided with an inclined structure facing the direction of the water outlet A;
an overflow port is arranged at the top of the separation bucket; the overflow port and the water outlet A respectively convey the permeated soil water to the screen B through the overflow pipe and the water drain pipe A.
Further, the overflow pipe and the drain pipe A are converged into a pipe body, the pipe orifice of the pipe body is arranged above the screen B, when the flow rate of the exuded soil is large, the water level in the separating bucket in the first-stage separating device rises, the displacement detecting device adjusts the electric control valve through a signal wire, and the flow rate of the drain pipe A is correspondingly increased; if the water drain pipe A can not meet the flow requirement, water flows out of the overflow port and enters the second separation device.
Further, as a specific setting mode of the water collecting device, the water collecting device comprises a container B arranged at one side of the container A, the water outlet B conveys the permeated soil water into the container B through a water drain pipe B, and filter paper is arranged in the water drain pipe B; the bottom of the container B is provided with a balance B.
Further, the cross section of the bottom of the separation bucket is in an inverted trapezoid structure.
Further, an electric control valve is arranged in the drain pipe A and is electrically connected with the displacement monitoring device through a signal wire.
Further, the displacement monitoring device comprises a displacement sensor A, a buoy and a spring A, wherein two ends of the displacement sensor A are fixedly connected with the bracket A and the buoy respectively, and the buoy is connected with the bottom of the separation bucket through the spring A.
The present invention also provides a test method for a test device for separating and measuring oozed earth water, comprising:
step 1, assembling a test device;
step 2, closing an electric control valve, injecting clear water into the first-stage separation device until the clear water surfaces in the separation bucket and the container A are respectively leveled with the overflow port and the water outlet B, stopping injection, and zeroing the readings of the tension sensor A, the tension sensor B, the displacement sensor A, the displacement sensor B, the balance A and the balance B;
step 3: injecting the seeped soil water into the first-stage separation device through the seeped soil water inlet pipe, and simultaneously opening the electric control valve;
step 4: the soil particles in the permeated soil water are divided into four particle groups according to the particle size by the screen A, the screen B, the screen C and the container A, and the water in the container A is discharged into the container B;
step 5: in the test process, the readings of the tension sensor A, the tension sensor B, the displacement sensor A, the displacement sensor B, the balance A and the balance B can be read in real time and recorded;
step 6: and respectively calculating the mass and occupied space of the soil particles of the four particle groups and the mass of water in the oozed soil water according to the readings of the tension sensor A, the tension sensor B, the displacement sensor A, the displacement sensor B, the balance A and the balance B.
Further, in step 6, the method for calculating the mass and occupied space of the soil particles of the four particle groups and the mass of water in the oozed soil water is as follows:
step 6.1: the soil particles filtered by the screen A, the screen B, the screen C and the container A are respectively first-grade soil, second-grade soil, third-grade soil and fourth-grade soil, and the outer contour of the main body of the separating bucket is of a rectangular structure of a multiplied by B;
step 6.2: calculating the mass m of the first-stage soil 1 And occupy space V 1 ：
Wherein F is A Is the reading of the tension sensor A; x is X A Is the reading of the displacement sensor A; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; g isAcceleration of gravity; g S Is the specific gravity of soil particles; a is the length of the outer contour of the main body of the part above the screen A in the separation bucket, and b is the width of the outer contour of the main body of the part above the screen A in the separation bucket;
step 6.3: calculating the mass m of the second-stage soil 2 And occupy space V 2 ：
Wherein F is B Is the reading of the tension sensor B; g is gravity acceleration; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; g S Is the specific gravity of soil particles;
step 6.4: calculating the mass m of the third grade soil 3 And occupy space V 3 ：
Wherein X is B Is the reading of the displacement sensor B; k is the stiffness coefficient of spring B; g is gravity acceleration; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the G S Is the specific gravity of soil particles;
step 6.5: calculating the mass m of the fourth-stage soil 4 And occupy space V 4 ：
Wherein M is 1 Is the reading of balance a; m is m 3 The quality of the third-stage soil is matched; g is gravity acceleration;
ρ w is the density of water at 4 ℃; g S Is the specific gravity of soil particles; v (V) 2 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 3 Space is occupied for the third-stage soil preparation;
step 6.6: calculating the mass m of water in the seeped soil water 5 ：
m 5 ＝M 2 －ρ w (V 1 +V 2 +V 3 +V 4 +abX A )
Wherein M is 2 Is the reading of balance B; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; x is X A Is the reading of the displacement sensor A; v (V) 1 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 2 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 3 Space is occupied for the third-stage soil preparation; v (V) 4 Occupies space for the fourth-level soil.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the test device for separating and measuring the oozed soil water, soil particles in the oozed soil water are divided into four particle groups through a screen A, a screen B, a screen C and a container A, the mass and occupied space of the soil particles in the four particle groups are obtained through reading of each sensor and a balance, and the mass of water in the oozed soil water is measured through a water collecting device; the method realizes the automatic separation of the oozed soil and water, meets the requirements of the osmotic deformation test of the wide-grade soil material on the measurement of the oozed soil and water, has important significance for the research of the osmotic deformation test mechanism, and solves the problem that the existing osmotic deformation test can not continuously separate and measure the quality of oozed soil particles of different particle groups.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test apparatus for separating and measuring oozed soil water.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom of the separation bucket.
Wherein, 1, a first-stage separation device; 2. a second separation device; 3. a water collecting device; 4. a tension sensor A; 5. separating the bucket; 6. a screen A; 7. a displacement sensor A; 8. a float; 9. a spring A; 10. an overflow port; 11. an overflow pipe; 12. a water outlet A; 13. a drain pipe A; 14. an electric control valve; 15. a tension sensor B; 16. a screen B; 17. a screen C; 18. a spring B; 19. a displacement sensor B; 20. a container A; 21. a water outlet B; 22. a drain pipe B; 23. a balance A; 24. a container B; 25. a balance B; 26. a signal line; 27. a bracket A; 28. a bracket B; 29. separating the bottom of the bucket; 30. a seeping soil water inlet pipe; 31. a screen support; 32. and (3) filtering paper.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water, which comprises a first stage separating device 1 and a second stage separating device 2 for separating soil particles according to particle groups and measuring the mass of soil particles of different particle groups, and a water collecting device 3 for measuring the mass of water in oozed soil water;
the first-stage separating device 1 comprises a separating hanging bucket 5 fixedly connected with a bracket A27 through a tension sensor A4, and a water outlet A12 for outputting oozed soil water to the second-stage separating device 2 is arranged at the bottom 29 of the separating hanging bucket; the inside of the separation bucket 5 is provided with a screen A6 connected with a bracket A27 through a displacement monitoring device, and a seepage soil water inlet pipe 30 is arranged.
Specifically, the displacement monitoring device comprises a displacement sensor A7, a buoy 8 and a spring A9, wherein two ends of the displacement sensor A7 are respectively fixedly connected with the bracket A27 and the buoy 8, and the buoy 8 is connected with the bottom of the separation bucket 5 through the spring A9.
The second separation device 2 comprises a water container with a weighing function, a screen C17 is arranged in the water container, the bottom of the screen C17 is connected with the water container through a plurality of springs B18, and the top of the screen C17 is connected with a bracket B28 through a displacement sensor B19;
the screen C17 is internally provided with a screen B16 for filtering the oozed soil water output by the water outlet A12, and the screen B16 is connected with a bracket B28 through a tension sensor B15;
the water container is provided with a water outlet B21 for outputting the seeped soil water to the water collecting device 3; the pore diameters of the screen A6, the screen B16, and the screen C17 decrease in order.
The basic principle of the test device for separating and measuring oozing soil water in the scheme is as follows: the soil particles in the permeated soil water are divided into four particle groups according to the particle size by the screen A6, the screen B16, the screen C17 and the container A20, specifically, the soil on the screen A6 in the separation bucket 5 is first-grade soil, the soil in the screen B16 is second-grade soil, the soil in the screen C17 is third-grade soil and the soil on the bottom surface of the container A20 is fourth-grade soil. The particle sizes of the corresponding four continuous grading earths are sequentially reduced.
The water collecting device 3 measures the quality of water in the seeped soil water; the soil particle mass and the occupied space of four particle groups are obtained through the readings of each sensor and the balance, so that the automatic separation of oozed soil and water is realized, the requirement of a wide-grade soil material osmotic deformation test on oozed soil and water measurement is met, the method has important significance on the research of osmotic deformation test mechanism, and the problem that the existing osmotic deformation test cannot continuously separate and measure the oozed soil particle mass of different particle groups is solved.
As shown in fig. 2, the separation bucket bottom 29 is preferably, but not limited to, provided in an inclined configuration toward the water outlet a12; the cross section of the bottom 29 of the separating bucket is of inverted trapezoidal configuration. The highest point of the bottom 29 of the separating bucket is provided with a screen support 31, a screen A6 is fixedly arranged on the screen support 31, the screen A6 is used for filtering out soil particles with the largest particle size in the soil water, and the weight of the soil particles with the largest particle size in the soil water is calculated through a tension sensor A4 and a displacement sensor A7 (namely, first-stage soil distribution). The soil particles with the rest particle sizes enter the second separation device 2 through the water outlet A12.
In the second-stage separating apparatus 2, second-stage grading soil, third-stage grading soil and fourth-stage grading soil enter a screen B16 from a drain pipe A13, the screen B16 filters the second-stage grading soil, the second-stage grading soil remains on the screen B16, and quality measurement is performed on the second-stage grading soil through a tension sensor B15; the third grading soil and the fourth grading soil pass through the screen B16 and enter the screen C17, the screen C17 filters the third grading soil, the third grading soil is remained on the screen C17, and the quality of the third grading soil is measured through the displacement sensor B19; the fourth grade soil passes through the screen C17 and enters the bottom of the container A20, and the balance A23 performs mass measurement on the fourth grade soil.
Preferably, but not limited to, the top of the separation bucket 5 is provided with an overflow port 10; the overflow 10 and the drain pipe a12 convey the permeated earth water to the screen B16 through the overflow pipe 11 and the drain pipe a13, respectively.
The overflow pipe 11 and the drain pipe A13 are converged into a pipe body, the pipe orifice of the pipe body is arranged above the screen B16, when the water flow of the exuded soil is large, the water level in the separating bucket 5 in the first-stage separating device 1 rises, the displacement detecting device adjusts the electric control valve 14 through the signal line 26, and the flow of the water outlet A12 is correspondingly increased; if the water outlet A12 cannot meet the flow requirement, water flows out of the overflow port 10 and enters the second separation device 2.
As a specific arrangement mode of the water collecting device 3, the water collecting device 3 comprises a container B24 arranged at one side of a container a20, a water outlet B21 conveys the seeped soil water into the container B24 through a water drain pipe B22, and filter paper 32 is arranged in the water drain pipe B22; the bottom of the container B24 is provided with a balance B25. The container B24 collects water in the oozed earth water, and the balance B25 measures the mass of the water in the oozed earth water.
An electric control valve 14 is arranged in the drain pipe A13, and the electric control valve 14 is electrically connected with the displacement monitoring device through a signal wire 26.
When the water flow of the oozed soil is smaller, the water level in the separation bucket 5 is reduced, the displacement detection device adjusts the electric control valve 14 through the signal line 26, and the flow of the water outlet A12 is correspondingly reduced, so that the water level in the 1 st separation bucket 5 is not lower than a certain height.
When the flow of the exudative soil is large, the water level in the 1 st separation bucket 5 rises, the displacement detection device adjusts the electric control valve 14 through the signal line 26, and the flow of the water outlet A12 correspondingly increases; if the water outlet A12 cannot meet the flow requirement, water flows out of the overflow port 10 and enters the second separation device 2.
The present invention also provides a test method for a test device for separating and measuring oozed earth water, comprising:
step 1, assembling a test device;
step 2, closing an electric control valve 14, injecting clear water into the first-stage separation device 1 until the clear water surfaces in the separation bucket 5 and the container A20 are respectively leveled with the overflow port 10 and the water outlet B21, stopping injection, and zeroing the readings of the tension sensor A4, the tension sensor B15, the displacement sensor A7, the displacement sensor B19, the balance A23 and the balance B25;
step 3: injecting the permeate water into the first-stage separation device 1 through the permeate water inlet pipe 30, and simultaneously opening the electronic control valve 14;
step 4: the soil particles in the permeated soil water are divided into four particle groups according to the particle size by the screen A6, the screen B16, the screen C17 and the container A20, and the water in the container A20 is discharged into the container B24;
step 5: during the test, the readings of the tension sensor A4, the tension sensor B15, the displacement sensor A7, the displacement sensor B19, the balance A23 and the balance B25 can be read in real time;
step 6: and respectively calculating the mass and occupied space of the soil particles of the four particle groups and the mass of water in the seeped soil water according to the readings of the tension sensor A4, the tension sensor B15, the displacement sensor A7, the displacement sensor B19, the balance A23 and the balance B25.
Further, in step 6, the method for calculating the mass and occupied space of the soil particles of the four particle groups and the mass of the water in the seeped soil water is as follows:
step 6.1: the soil preparation filtered by the screen A6, the screen B16, the screen C17 and the container A20 is respectively a first-grade soil preparation, a second-grade soil preparation, a third-grade soil preparation and a fourth-grade soil preparation, and the main body of the separation bucket 5 has a rectangular structure with an a multiplied by B outer contour;
step 6.2: calculating the mass m of the first-stage soil 1 And occupy space V 1 ：
Wherein F is A Is a reading of the tension sensor A4; x is X A Is a reading of the displacement sensor A7; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; g is gravity acceleration; g S A is the length of the outer contour of the main body of the part above the screen A in the separation bucket, and b is the width of the outer contour of the main body of the part above the screen A in the separation bucket;
step 6.3: calculating the mass m of the second-stage soil 2 And occupy space V 2 ：
Wherein F is B Is a reading of the tension sensor B15; g is gravity acceleration; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; g S Is the specific gravity of soil particles;
step 6.4: calculating the mass m of the third grade soil 3 And occupy space V 3 ：
Wherein X is B Is a displacement sensorReading of B19; k is the stiffness coefficient of spring B18; g is gravity acceleration; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the G S Is the specific gravity of soil particles;
step 6.5: calculating the mass m of the fourth-stage soil 4 And occupy space V 4 ：
Wherein M is 1 Is a reading of balance a 23; m is m 3 The quality of the third-stage soil is matched; g is gravity acceleration;
ρ w is the density of water at 4 ℃; g S The specific gravity of the soil particles; v (V) 2 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation;
V 3 space is occupied for the third-stage soil preparation;
step 6.6: calculating the mass m of water in the seeped soil water 5 ：
m 5 ＝ 2 －ρ w (V 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +ab A )
Wherein M is 2 Is a reading of balance B25; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; x is X A Is a reading of the displacement sensor A7; v (V) 1 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 2 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 3 Space is occupied for the third-stage soil preparation; v (V) 4 Occupies space for the fourth-level soil. By the test method of the test device for separating and measuring the oozed soil water, the soil particle mass and the water mass of the four particle groups in the oozed soil water are respectively measured. Has important significance for researching the osmotic deformation test mechanism.
Claims (9)
1. A test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water, characterized by comprising a first-stage separating device and a second-stage separating device for separating soil particles according to particle groups and measuring the mass of soil particles of different particle groups, and a water collecting device for measuring the mass of water in oozed soil water;
the first-stage separation device comprises a separation hanging bucket fixedly connected with the bracket A through a tension sensor A, and a drain pipe A for outputting seeped soil water to the second-stage separation device is arranged at the bottom of the separation hanging bucket; a screen A is arranged in the separation bucket, and the screen A is connected with the bracket A through a displacement monitoring device; the inside of the screen A is provided with a seepage soil water inlet pipe;
the upper part of the separation bucket is provided with an overflow port and an overflow pipe connected with the overflow port;
the bottom of the separation bucket is provided with a water outlet A for outputting the seeped soil water to the second separation device;
the second separation device comprises a container A arranged on a balance A, a screen C is arranged in the container A, the bottom of the screen C is connected with a water container through a plurality of springs B, and the top of the screen C is connected with a bracket B through a displacement sensor B;
the inside of the screen C is provided with a screen B for filtering the oozed soil water output by the water outlet A, and the screen B is connected with the bracket B through a tension sensor B;
a water outlet B for outputting the seeped soil water to the water collecting device is arranged on the container A; the pore diameters of the screen a, the screen B and the screen C decrease in order.
2. The test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the separating bucket is provided as an inclined structure directed toward the water outlet a;
an overflow port is arranged at the top of the separation bucket;
the overflow port and the water outlet A respectively convey the oozed soil water to the screen B through the overflow pipe and the drain pipe A.
3. The test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water according to claim 2, wherein the overflow pipe and the drain pipe a are integrated into a single pipe body, and the pipe opening of the pipe body is disposed above the screen B.
4. The test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water according to claim 3, wherein the water collecting device comprises a container B arranged at one side of the container a, the water outlet B is used for conveying oozed soil water into the container B through a drain pipe B, and filter paper is arranged in the drain pipe B; the bottom of the container B is provided with a balance B.
5. The test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water of claim 2, wherein the cross section of the bottom of the separating bucket is of inverted trapezoidal configuration.
6. The test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water according to claim 2, wherein an electric control valve is arranged in the drain pipe a, and the electric control valve is electrically connected with the displacement monitoring device through a signal line.
7. The test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water according to claim 2, wherein the displacement monitoring device comprises a displacement sensor a, a float and a spring a, wherein two ends of the displacement sensor a are fixedly connected with the bracket a and the float respectively, and the float is connected with the bottom of the separating bucket through the spring a.
8. A test method for a test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising:
step 1, assembling a test device;
step 2, closing an electric control valve, injecting clear water into the first-stage separation device until the clear water surfaces in the separation bucket and the container A are respectively leveled with the overflow port and the water outlet B, stopping injection, and zeroing the readings of the tension sensor A, the tension sensor B, the displacement sensor A, the displacement sensor B, the balance A and the balance B;
step 3: injecting the seeped soil water into the first-stage separation device through the seeped soil water inlet pipe, opening the electric control valve at the same time, automatically adjusting the opening and closing state of the electric control valve according to the change of the displacement sensor A, closing the electric control valve when the water level is continuously lowered, and opening the electric control valve when the water level is continuously raised, so that the water surface in the separation bucket is as flush with the overflow port as possible;
step 4: the soil particles in the permeated soil water are divided into four particle groups according to the particle size by the screen A, the screen B, the screen C and the container A, and the water in the container A is discharged into the container B;
step 5: in the test process, the readings of the tension sensor A, the tension sensor B, the displacement sensor A, the displacement sensor B, the balance A and the balance B can be read in real time and recorded;
step 6: and respectively calculating the mass and occupied space of the soil particles of the four particle groups and the mass of water in the oozed soil water according to the readings of the tension sensor A, the tension sensor B, the displacement sensor A, the displacement sensor B, the balance A and the balance B.
9. The test method of the test device for separating and measuring oozed soil water according to claim 8, wherein in step 6, the method of calculating the mass and occupied space of soil particles of four particle groups and the mass of water in oozed soil water is:
step 6.1: the method comprises the steps of arranging a screen A, a screen B, a screen C and a container A, wherein soil particles filtered by the screen A, the screen B, the screen C and the container A are respectively first-grade soil, second-grade soil, third-grade soil and fourth-grade soil, and the outer contour of a main body of the part above the screen A in a separation bucket is of a rectangular structure with a x B;
step 6.2: calculating the mass m of the first-stage soil 1 And occupy space V 1 ：
Wherein,,F A is the reading of the tension sensor A; x is X A Is the reading of displacement sensor a (positive downward); ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; g is gravity acceleration; g S A is the length of the outer contour of the main body of the part above the screen A in the separation bucket, and b is the width of the outer contour of the main body of the part above the screen A in the separation bucket;
step 6.3: calculating the mass m of the second-stage soil 2 And occupy space V 2 ：
Wherein F is B Is the reading of the tension sensor B; g is gravity acceleration; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; g S Is the specific gravity of soil particles;
step 6.4: calculating the mass m of the third grade soil 3 And occupy space V 3 ：
Wherein X is B Is the reading of the displacement sensor B; k is the stiffness coefficient of spring B; g is gravity acceleration; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the G S Is the specific gravity of soil particles;
step 6.5: calculating the mass m of the fourth-stage soil 4 And occupy space V 4 ：
Wherein M is 1 Is the reading of balance a; m is m 3 The quality of the third-stage soil is matched; g is gravity acceleration;
ρ w is the density of water at 4 ℃; g S Is the specific gravity of soil particles; v (V) 2 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 3 Space is occupied for the third-stage soil preparation;
step 6.6: calculating the mass m of water in the seeped soil water 5 ：
m 5 ＝ 2 －ρ w (V 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +ab A )
Wherein M is 2 Is the reading of balance B; ρ w Is the density of water at 4 ℃; x is X A Is the reading of the displacement sensor A; v (V) 1 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 2 Space is occupied for the second-level soil preparation; v (V) 3 Space is occupied for the third-stage soil preparation; v (V) 4 Occupies space for the fourth-level soil.
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