CN1167670A - Apparatus and method of making board, and board made according to this - Google Patents
Apparatus and method of making board, and board made according to this Download PDFInfo
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- CN1167670A CN1167670A CN 96106560 CN96106560A CN1167670A CN 1167670 A CN1167670 A CN 1167670A CN 96106560 CN96106560 CN 96106560 CN 96106560 A CN96106560 A CN 96106560A CN 1167670 A CN1167670 A CN 1167670A
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Abstract
A board using waste fibres, an apparatus and method of making the board are disclosed. Firstly, the waste fibres are cut, and then the cut fibres convert weaved state into cotton state by a hammer mill. In a mixer and an extruder, the fibres of the cotton state are mixed and extruded in a form of board. In this case, the mixer and extruder are set in the middle temp. between maximum and minimum temp. of the fibres. Therefore, in the mixtures extruded there from the melted and non-melted fibres are mixed. Subsequently the mixtures are controlled by thickeness, density and surface of the board and then hardened and cut with a given size.
Description
The plate that the present invention relates to utilize useless fiber to make the apparatus and method of plate and make therefrom, relate more specifically to a kind of apparatus and method of making plate with low cost, needn't carry out sorting to the promptly useless fiber of raw material, also needn't utilize and add heat in the softening point of waste synthetic fiber and the difference between the melting point and melt binding agent, the plate of manufacturing has the required tensile strength of building slab, bending strength and density.
In the prior art, this main plate as building board is the not sorting by waste synthetic fiber powder and chip are mixed, they is melted fully and its ejection is passed through between a pair of roller.
But this method makes the synthetic fibers excessive melting and liquefies and can not form the degree of plate, and not having excessive melting as fruit fiber, the plate that is obtained is regardless of to turn up the soil and is mixed in fiber thawing and that do not melt, like this, the surface of plate is just uneven, and the quality of product has just descended.
In order to address the above problem, another kind of traditional method has been advised the useless fiber of the identical thawing of sorting, which floor the step that then its heating and piling up by this way under melt temperature is separately obtained, and perhaps one deck plant burlap is inserted or is stacked between the waste synthetic fiber.
Yet, because this method is melted the waste synthetic fiber with low melt temperature, form a low melt layer, then a high melt layer that is formed by the waste synthetic fiber with high melt temperature is stacked on the low melt layer, to form laminate, laminate can between each layer, not become melt completely bonding, thereby can separate at an easy rate therebetween.
Another kind of suggestion is that low melt layer is piled up between two high melt layers.In this suggestion, owing to the different incomplete thawings that produce of melt temperature between the ectonexine are bonding, the separation of each layer can take place also.
The technology that the light plastics of several employings are made building slab is disclosed in United States Patent(USP) Nos. 3,305, in 991,3,515,131,4,226,067 and 5,102,027.But these technology are to make by the synthetic resin that casting in a mould is melted, and processing is handled and is not easy like this, the cost height that manufacturing and processing are handled.
In above-mentioned conventional method, the technical process of the useless group of fibers that dividing hanks has identical melt temperature has reduced productivity ratio, and needs to add other heat and melt thing to prevent plate and split and each interlayer separates.
And because the plate that this method obtains is to form with useless fiber that is in complete melting state or synthetic resin, plate can not guarantee uniform density, tensile strength and bending strength, and these need when the processing of following closely or sawing is handled.
Point out in passing, traditional heat/pressure roller is provided with from the hot water of boiler or oil and is keeping one to make plate to the thawing thing of the fiber that will give up under the fixed temperature, but,, be crooked from the plate of roller process because the temperature contrast between the import of roller and the outlet is very big.
The inventor continues the melt temperature wide ranges that various chemical fibres were studied and observed to fiber and plate is reached as shown in subordinate list 1 120 ℃ to 300 ℃, and the natural fiber such as cotton, wool, silk and burlap can not melt but can degrade.In this case, consider the technology of when carrying out sorting, making plate commercial impracticable, and fibrous material must stay a part so that process plate easily in the plate, such as building slab, has just finished the present invention according to useless fibrous material.
Table 1 fiber melt characteristic relatively
| Tensile strength | Proportion | Melting point | The degraded point | Remarks | ||
| Natural fiber | Cotton | 3.0～4.9 | ?????1.54 | Do not melt | At 120 ℃, flavescence after 5 hours; 150 ℃ of degradeds | |
| Wool | 1.0～1.7 | ?????1.32 | Do not melt | 300 ℃ of carbonizations of 130 ℃ of degradeds | ||
| Silk | 3.0～4.0 | ??1.33～1.45 | Do not melt | 235 ℃ of degradeds | ||
| Burlap | 5.6～6.3 | ?????1.5 | Do not melt | At 130 ℃, flavescence after 5 hours; 200 ℃ of degradeds | ||
| Chemical fibre | Artificial bemsilk | 2.5～3.1 | ??1.5～1.52 | Softening | 260～300 ℃ of degradeds | |
| Cellulose acetate | 1.3～1.6 | ?????1.32 | 250 ℃ softening 260 ℃ melt contraction | 260～300 ℃ of degradeds | ||
| Triacetate | 1.2～1.4 | ?????1.3 | 250 ℃ of softening 300 ℃ of thawings | Softening and contraction burning begins simultaneously | ||
| Vinylon | 4.0～6.5 | ??1.26～1.3 | 220～230 ℃ of softening melting points are not obvious | Softening and contraction burning begins simultaneously | ||
| Nylon | 4.8～6.4 | ?????1.14 | 180 ℃ of softening 215～220 ℃ of thawings | Melt and degraded | ||
| Inferior ethene | 0.9～1.5 | ?????0.7 | 145～165 ℃ of softening 165～185 ℃ of thawings | Melt and degraded | ||
| Polyvinyl chloride | 2.0～2.8 | ?????1.39 | 220～210 ℃ of thawings | |||
| Polyester | 4.3～6.0 | ?????1.38 | 238～240 ℃ of softening 255～260 ℃ of thawings | Melt and degraded | ||
| Propylene | 3.5～5.0 | ?????1.14 | 190～240 ℃ of softening melting points are not obvious | Melt and degraded | ||
| Polyethylene | 5.0～9.0 | ??0.94～0.96 | 110～115 ℃ of softening 125～135 ℃ of thawings | Melt and degraded | ||
| Polypropylene | 4.5～7.5 | ?????0.91 | 140～160 ℃ of softening 165～173 ℃ of thawings | Melt and degraded | ||
| Polyurethane | 0.5～1.0 | ??1.0～1.13 | 200～230 ℃ of thawings |
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of apparatus and method of making plate with low cost, the promptly useless fiber of raw material is not carried out sorting, do not utilize the softening point and the difference between the melting point of waste synthetic fiber to add hot-melt adhesive, the plate of making has the required tensile strength of building slab, bending strength and density.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of plate, and fibrous material wherein partly stays, so that easily this plate is handled in processing.
For achieving the above object, a kind of method of making plate of the present invention may further comprise the steps: the fiber that cuts with useless fiber of preliminary dimension cutting and sledge mill with fiber from the state-transition that interweaves to the cotton state; The fiber of cotton state is fed into a mixing/extruder, this mixing/extruder is set between the highest melt temperature and minimum melt temperature of useless fiber, like this, fiber with cotton state of the melt temperature under the medium temperature can be melted and be mixed mutually with the fiber that do not melt of melt temperature on having medium temperature, and extrudes the mixture that melts fiber and do not melt fiber with the form of plate; The hot-rolling that under 200-300 ℃ the temperature of evenly setting the mixture of extruding is carried out is pressed, to have required thickness; And the mixture cures after after Surface Machining is handled, making roll-in.
Simultaneously, behind extrusioning mixture, the present invention also comprises and is coated with the step of coating with to the colouring of the mixture extruded.
The Surface Machining treatment step comprises the step that is reduced the mixture roughness of roll-in by a plurality of little roller under a plurality of 200-300 of being set in ℃ temperature; And the distortion form of roll-in mixture become straight screed step.
The design temperature of extruder is set between 180-200 ℃, and the extrusion pressure of extruder is set between the 130-170h.p..
According to another feature of the present invention, the device of making plate comprises: one cuts tool with the rotation of the useless fiber of preliminary dimension cutting; One chooses the device of metal material from the fiber that cuts; One fiber that is used for cutting becomes the hammer-mill of cotton state from the state that interweaves; One mixes the device of the fiber of cotton state, it is set under the highest melt temperature and the medium temperature between the minimum melt temperature of useless fiber, like this, its melt temperature can melt and mixes mutually with the fiber that do not melt of its melt temperature on medium temperature at the fiber of the cotton state under the medium temperature, and extrudes thawing and mixture nonfused fiber with the form of plate; One evenly is set under the 200-300 ℃ of temperature the mixture of extruding is carried out the hot-rolling pressure to obtain the roller of desired thickness; Surface state to the mixture of roll-in is processed the after-treatment device of processing; And one with a preliminary dimension will be the roll-in mixture be cut into the tool of cutting of plate.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, the temperature of extruder is set in 180-200 ℃ the scope, this temperature range can be melted the chemical fibre with minimum melting point at once, so that melting point is lower than the chemical fibre liquefaction of a predetermined temperature, the heat that produces himself is melted thing, and the pulverulent mixture of useless fiber is also mixed through the extrusion screw rod of 130-170 horsepower, has just determined the bending strength and the density of plate haply.
When with the form of plate when extruder is extruded, the surface of plate is coated with coating and transfers in row processing to check colors and handle.Then, when plate during, controlled thickness, intensity and the density of plate once more by a plurality of main heat/pressure roller that has that 200-300 ℃ uniform temperature distributes with respect to all rollers.Then, when plate by a plurality of pony roll period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the roughness and the final strength on plate surface are controlled, and when passing through cross one another a plurality of roller, the case of bending of plate is straightend.At last, after being hardened by cooling, plate cuts into the given very little to the greatest extent of manufacturing product by cutting tool.
Therefore, process of the present invention does not comprise the hank step of useless group of fibers with identical melting point of branch, makes and utilizes the chemical fibre with low melting point to melt thing as heat, does not need that therefore extruder is added other heat and melts thing.Plate can be with the low cost manufacturing, and the part of plate is melted under plastifying state, and another part of plate is retained under the fiber condition.Especially, because the surface of plate plastifies during hot-rolling is pressed, plate has tensile strength and the bending strength that is suitable for processing processing, and the product of being produced has uniform quality, and it does not exist hole, bending or crack.
Other features of the present invention and purpose will see too clearly from the description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Figure 1A and Figure 1B are that the present invention utilizes useless fiber to make the front view of the device embodiment of plate;
Fig. 1 C and 1D are that the present invention utilizes useless fiber to make the plane of embodiment of the device of plate;
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section of heat/pressure home roll among Fig. 1.
Figure 1A-1D has shown that the present invention utilizes useless fiber to make a preferred embodiment of the device of plate.
As shown in Figure 1A-1D, the various device of this device is arranged to straight line, and like this, the promptly useless fiber 1 of raw material enters from " entering " side, obtains to become the plate of product from " outlet " side.
In the phase I of this device, be provided with the conveyer belt 3 that is used for transmitting refuse material 1 that is about 5 meters, in the next stage of conveyer belt 3, be connected with a rotation and cut tool 5 and cut with 8-10 centimetre size with the fiber 1 that will newly carry.
Then, the wind that is blowed along vertical pipe 9 by bellows 8 waves the useless fiber 1 of powdery, from pipe 9 upward to sucking by a cyclone 10, and leave aspect ratio in as being in 8 meters the hold-up tank 7 by a funnel 11.In this case, when transmitting by pipe 9, metal zip fastener and button etc. are sorted out because of quality is different.
The powdery refuse material that leaves in the hold-up tank 7 is supplied to hammer-mill 15 by being positioned at hold-up tank 7 following conveyer belts 13.Useless fiber is discharged with the form of cotton or yarn by hammer-mill 15, and the useless fiber of cotton form is sucked by pipe 17 by the cyclone between pipe 17 and hold-up tank 19 21, and is sent to hold-up tank 19.
On cyclone 10 and 21, be connected with two dust arresters 27 and 29 that are used for control of dust by pipe 31 and 33 separately.Embodiment shown in Fig. 1 C has disclosed three preliminary treatment lines that are used for useless fiber, but also can have only a preliminary treatment line, until hold-up tank 19.
Then, the useless fiber of cotton form is received in the blender 23 of vertical installation, and fiber is mixed by a screw rod 25 within it, simultaneously, the fiber that a part is inserted is melted by being set in the 180-200 ℃ of internal heat under the temperature, and like this, the fiber of thawing just plays the effect of hot-melt adhesive.
The mixture of the fiber of nonfused fiber and thawing feeds the extruder 35 that 180-200 ℃ of temperature installed and be set in to a level, mixture is mixed fully by an extrusion screw rod 37 within it, and the form with plate is extruded by a width and the corresponding output mouth 39 of plate width under the extrusion pressure of 130-170 horsepower, shown in Fig. 1 C.The intensity of the plate of extruding and density are mainly determined by extrusion pressure.
Then, the plate of extruding is applied by the coating of supplying with from laminating machine 41, has just painted in the surface of this model.
Then, when the plate that the scribbles coating main heat/pressure roller 43 large-scale (along vertically evenly being set under 200-300 ℃ the temperature of home roll), controlled thickness, intensity and the density of plate once more automatically through three groups.
As shown in Figure 2, the inlet of each roller 43 is connected to a boiler 45, supplies with heat transfer medium such as hot water or oil from boiler 45, turns back to boiler 45 from exporting 49 then.
In home roll 43, one is connected to inlet 47 supply pipe 51 extends upwardly to the middle part, the inside, its head by one be divided into preceding, in and three road by-pass tubes 53 of rear side be connected to a mistress 57 who separates by interior pipe 55.Mistress 57 also is connected in outlet 49 inner room 61 by a plurality of ejection nozzles 59 and that equidistantly are arranged in by-pass tube 53 opposite sides and links to each other.
Therefore and since thermal medium from inner room 61 middle parts be supplied to mistress 57 preceding, and the rear portion, the import 47 of roller and outlet 49 keep evenly and do not have a temperature difference.
The good plate of the homogeneous quality that this temperature feature of roller can be produced home roll not have bending, distortion and crack.At this moment, the high temperature and high pressure by home roll 43 is heated to above the temperature of intralamellar part with the surface of plate, and like this, the surface of plate just more plastifies than the inside of plate, thereby has strengthened surperficial intensity.
After the plate with desired thickness and intensity is pressed by home roll 43 hot-rollings, the plate of roll-in through a plurality of, such as 98 little heated rollers 63 reducing the roughness on plate surface, thereby make its smooth surface.In this case, heat transfer medium is applied on the little heated rollers 63, to be set in about 200-300 ℃ temperature.
A dust gathering arrester 65 has been installed above roller 63, and it and above-mentioned dust arrester link, to collect all gases and the dust that discharges from the plate of making.
In the next stage of pony roll 63 a plurality of cross one another leveling rollers 67 have been installed, have been used for the case of bending of formed plate is straightend.Simultaneously, the heat transfer medium that is set in about 200-300 ℃ temperature is applied on each leveling roller 67.
Then, in the next stage of leveling roller 67, a plurality of cooled rollers 71 have been installed, cooling water puts on the roller 71 so that the sclerosis of the synthetic resin of plate shape from water cooler 69.Cooled roller 71 also intersects mutually.
Next step, by a transfer roller 73, the plate of sclerosis feeding next stage is also cut with certain size by a side escribe tool 75.
As mentioned above, process of the present invention does not comprise heat is melted thing is added to extruder as additional jointing material step.If the difference between the melt temperature of useless fiber is little, can add such as the fluoropolymer resin with vinylacetate is that the heat of Main Ingredients and Appearance is melted the type adhesive, if but the difference between melt temperature greatly to a certain degree, then can be set in mean temperature by temperature and come to melt thing from useless fiber generation heat itself with extruder.The temperature of extruder preferably determines according to kind and ratio, the extrusion pressure of useless fiber and the speed of passing through of inserting useless fiber.
Melt thing if add heat, then need the density by the thawing thing that extruder adding binder is reduced to extrude, like this, the plate of formation just has the suitable weight that is applicable to building slab.
Therefore, technical process of the present invention does not comprise that branch hanks and have the useless group of fibers of identical melting point, but utilizes the chemical fibre with low melting point to melt thing as heat, does not melt thing to extruder so do not need to add other heat.Can under low-cost situation, make plate, and the part of plate melts under plastifying state, and another part of plate remaines in fiber condition.Especially, because the surface of plate plastifies during hot-rolling is pressed, plate has tensile strength and the bending strength that is suitable for processing processing, and the product of production has uniform quality, does not have hole, bending and slit.
Especially, adopt the building slab of plate of the present invention can use the time that has more four times of planks, its manufacturing cost is lower than plank.The weight of each plate is basic identical, and the intensity of plate of the present invention is higher than plank.
Top description is only in order to explain.Be readily understood that the various variations that do not depart from spirit of the present invention are conspicuous to the one skilled in the art.
Claims (11)
1. method of making plate may further comprise the steps:
A) with the useless fiber of preliminary dimension cutting and the fiber sledge mill after will cutting with from the state-transition that interweaves to the cotton state;
B) fiber with the cotton state feeds a mixing/extruder, this mixing/extruder is set in one in the medium temperature of giving up between the highest melt temperature of fiber and the minimum melt temperature, like this, the fiber that its melt temperature is lower than the cotton state of this medium temperature can melt and mix mutually with the fiber that do not melt that its melt temperature is higher than this medium temperature, and that will melt extrudes with the form of plate with mixture nonfused fiber;
C) evenly being set in the mixture that the hot-rolling pressure is extruded under the 200-300 ℃ of temperature, to obtain required thickness; And
D) after handling, Surface Machining makes the mixture cures of roll-in.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises applying coating with the step to the extrusioning mixture surface coloring after extrusioning mixture.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this Surface Machining treatment step:
A) reduce the roughness of the mixture of roll-in by the little roller of a plurality of 200-300 of being set in ℃ temperature; And
B) screed step straightens the case of bending of the mixture of roll-in.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the described design temperature of extruder is set between 180-200 ℃, and the extrusion pressure of extruder is set between the 130-170hp.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the fiber size that cuts is about 100 square centimeters.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises that also the weight difference between the fiber that utilization cuts after fiber cutting is removed metal material.
7. plate that adopts useless fiber to make according to claim 1.
8. device of making plate comprises:
Tool is cut in one rotation, is used for the useless fiber of preliminary dimension cutting;
One chooses the device of metal material from the fiber that cuts;
One hammer-mill, be used for the fiber that will cut from the state-transition that interweaves to the cotton state;
One is used for mixing the device of the fiber of cotton state, it is set in the highest melt temperature of useless fiber and a medium temperature between the minimum melt temperature, like this, the fiber that its melt temperature is lower than the cotton state of this medium temperature can melt and mix mutually with the fiber that do not melt that its melt temperature is higher than this medium temperature, and extrudes with mixture nonfused fiber so that the form of plate will be that will melt;
Being used for hot-rolling presses the roller of the mixture extruded, and is set in 200-300 ℃ temperature equably, to obtain desired thickness;
One after-treatment device, the surface state that is used for processing the mixture of handling roll-in; And
All tools are used for the mixture of roll-in is cut into plate with a preliminary dimension.
9. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises a laminating machine, is used for applying coating, with the mixture colouring that resists out.
10. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, each described roller comprises:
Dual pipe has an inner room and a mistress, and heat transfer medium is drained into an outlet, and described inner room and mistress longitudinally and are circumferentially separated;
One three road by-pass tube, side before, during and after being used for the medium of heating being divided into and arrive the mistress from the centre of chamber; And
A plurality of nozzles are used for heat transfer medium is injected the inner room relative with three road by-pass tubes from the mistress.
11. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described after-treatment device comprises:
A plurality of little heated rollers are used for reducing the roughness of the mixture of roll-in;
The leveling roller is used for the twisted state of the mixture of roll-in is straightend;
A plurality of cooled rollers are used for making the mixture cures of roll-in.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106560 CN1167670A (en) | 1996-06-10 | 1996-06-10 | Apparatus and method of making board, and board made according to this |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106560 CN1167670A (en) | 1996-06-10 | 1996-06-10 | Apparatus and method of making board, and board made according to this |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1167670A true CN1167670A (en) | 1997-12-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106560 Pending CN1167670A (en) | 1996-06-10 | 1996-06-10 | Apparatus and method of making board, and board made according to this |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1167670A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105531093A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-04-27 | 克雷芬集团公司 | Method and device for producing a plate material |
| CN107471382A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-15 | 芜湖泰庆电子科技有限公司 | A kind of plant fiber extruder |
-
1996
- 1996-06-10 CN CN 96106560 patent/CN1167670A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105531093A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-04-27 | 克雷芬集团公司 | Method and device for producing a plate material |
| CN105531093B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2019-03-01 | 克雷芬集团公司 | Method and apparatus for producing sheet material |
| CN107471382A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-15 | 芜湖泰庆电子科技有限公司 | A kind of plant fiber extruder |
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