CN116765578A - Construction method of aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model - Google Patents
Construction method of aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 211
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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Abstract
The application provides a construction method of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model, which comprises the following steps: s10, establishing a three-dimensional finite element grid model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure; s20, establishing a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure on the basis of the three-dimensional finite element grid model; s30, acquiring a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure; s40, judging whether a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure accords with the shape of an actual welding seam, if so, turning to S50, otherwise, turning to S60; s50, taking the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure as a final heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure; and S60, adjusting corresponding parameters in the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model according to the non-conforming factors, and turning to S20. The method can solve the technical problem that the heat source model which can not accurately simulate the shape of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding seam can not be obtained in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding, in particular to a construction method of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model.
Background
The aluminum alloy has small density, high specific strength and high rigidity, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles and rail transit. However, aluminum alloys have high thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient, and electron beam welding with high energy density is generally used to reduce post-weld distortion and improve welding quality.
At present, because the structural members of the product have complex shapes and more welding quantity, if the scheme design and the product manufacture are carried out by means of a test method, the time consumption is longer, and the cost is higher; in addition, temperature distribution, stress distribution, etc. of certain critical locations inside the structural member during welding are difficult to measure by experimental methods. With the development of numerical simulation technology, welding numerical simulation can accurately simulate the temperature, residual stress and welding deformation conditions in the welding process, is used for guiding process parameter optimization in scheme design and product manufacturing, can effectively save cost, shortens the development period, and improves the product competitiveness. Therefore, the numerical simulation technology is adopted to research the aluminum alloy electron beam welding process, and the numerical simulation technology has important practical significance for engineering practice.
The basis of the welding numerical simulation is to build a proper heat source model according to the welding heat source form and the molten pool shape, and the heat source model can reflect the physical phenomenon in the welding process to the greatest extent. At present, an aluminum alloy electron beam weld joint is in a long cone shape, and the appearance is difficult to describe by adopting a Gaussian surface heat source model and a double-ellipsoid heat source model which are self-contained in finite element software.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a construction method of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model, which can solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot obtain the heat source model which accurately simulates the appearance of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding seam.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for constructing an aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model, the method comprising:
s10, establishing a three-dimensional finite element grid model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s20, establishing a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure on the basis of the three-dimensional finite element grid model;
s30, embedding the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model into a three-dimensional finite element grid model to obtain a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s40, comparing the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure with the actual weld morphology, judging whether the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is consistent with the actual weld morphology, if so, turning to S50, otherwise, turning to S60;
s50, taking the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure as a final heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
and S60, adjusting corresponding parameters in the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model according to the non-conforming factors, and turning to S20.
Preferably, in S20, a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is established by the following formula:
q(x,y,z,t)＝q s (x,y,z,t)+q c (x,y,z,t)；
wherein ,
wherein q (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the three-dimensional combined heat source, q s (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the surface heat source, q c (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the bulk heat source, and x, y, z represent the x-axis, y-axis, z-axis coordinates in the three-dimensional finite element mesh model, respectively; t represents welding time, Q s Represents the power of the surface heat source, r represents the radius of action of the surface heat source, v represents the welding speed, Q c Represents the power of the bulk heat source, H represents the depth of the bulk heat source, r e Represents the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source, r i Represents the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source, r 0 (z) represents a function of the radius of the bulk heat source in the depth direction, z e Representing the z-axis coordinate, z, of the upper surface of the bulk heat source i Representing the z-axis coordinate of the lower surface of the bulk heat source.
Preferably, in S60, adjusting the corresponding parameters in the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model according to the non-conforming factor includes:
s61, under the condition that the inconsistent factor is weld penetration, adjusting the depth of the body heat source;
s62, under the condition that the inconsistent factor is the width of the middle part of the welding seam, the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source are adjusted;
and S63, adjusting the action radius of the surface heat source under the condition that the inconsistent factor is the melting width of the top of the welding line.
Preferably, in S61, in the case where the non-conforming factor is weld penetration, adjusting the depth of the body heat source includes:
s611, increasing the depth of a body heat source under the condition that the welding penetration of the welding temperature field representation of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is smaller than that of an actual welding seam;
and S612, reducing the depth of the body heat source under the condition that the welding penetration of the welding temperature field representation of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is larger than that of an actual welding.
Preferably, in S62, where the non-conforming factor is the weld center width, adjusting the radius of the body heat source upper surface and the radius of the body heat source lower surface includes:
s621, under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the welding seam middle melting width is smaller than the actual welding seam middle melting width, simultaneously increasing the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source;
s622, under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the melting width of the middle part of the welding seam is larger than that of the actual welding seam, simultaneously reducing the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source.
Preferably, in S63, in the case that the non-conforming factor is the weld top fusion width, the adjusting the radius of action of the surface heat source includes:
s631, increasing the action radius of a surface heat source under the condition that the welding top melting width represented by a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is smaller than the top melting width of an actual welding seam;
s632, reducing the action radius of the surface heat source under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the top melting width of the welding line is larger than that of the actual welding line.
Preferably, in S10, creating a three-dimensional finite element mesh model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure includes:
s11, establishing a geometric model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s12, carrying out grid division on the geometric model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure to obtain a three-dimensional finite element grid model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
in the grid division process, grid refinement is carried out on the welding seam area and the area close to the welding seam area, and grid coarsening is carried out on the area far away from the welding seam area.
According to another aspect of the present application there is provided a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing any of the methods described above when executing the computer program.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, a three-dimensional finite element grid model and a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure are firstly established; then embedding the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model into a three-dimensional finite element grid model to obtain a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure; comparing the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure with the actual shape of the welding seam; and finally, obtaining a final heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure according to the comparison result. The heat source model constructed by the method can accurately simulate the appearance of the aluminum alloy electron beam weld joint, and meanwhile, the temperature field calculated according to the heat source model can provide more accurate input for calculation of welding stress and deformation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of constructing an aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an aluminum alloy electron beam welded three-dimensional finite element mesh model provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a combined heat source model for electron beam welding of aluminum alloys, provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a comparison of simulated weld cross-sectional morphology versus actual weld for a heat source model provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, the application provides a method for constructing an aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model, which comprises the following steps:
s10, establishing a three-dimensional finite element grid model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s20, establishing a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure on the basis of the three-dimensional finite element grid model;
s30, embedding the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model into a three-dimensional finite element grid model to obtain a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s40, comparing the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure with the actual weld morphology, judging whether the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is consistent with the actual weld morphology, if so, turning to S50, otherwise, turning to S60;
s50, taking the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure as a final heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
and S60, adjusting corresponding parameters in the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model according to the non-conforming factors, and turning to S20.
Firstly, establishing a three-dimensional finite element grid model and a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure; then embedding the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model into a three-dimensional finite element grid model to obtain a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure; comparing the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure with the actual shape of the welding seam; and finally, obtaining a final heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure according to the comparison result. The heat source model constructed by the method can accurately simulate the appearance of the aluminum alloy electron beam weld joint, and meanwhile, the temperature field calculated according to the heat source model can provide more accurate input for calculation of welding stress and deformation.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present application, in S10, creating a three-dimensional finite element mesh model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure includes:
s11, establishing a geometric model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s12, carrying out grid division on the geometric model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure to obtain a three-dimensional finite element grid model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure, wherein a model schematic diagram of the three-dimensional finite element grid model is shown in FIG. 2;
in the grid division process, grid refinement is carried out on the welding seam area and the area close to the welding seam area, and grid coarsening is carried out on the area far away from the welding seam area, so that the calculation accuracy and the calculation efficiency are improved.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present application, in S20, a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is established by the following formula, the model schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 3:
q(x,y,z,t)＝q s (x,y,z,t)+q c (x,y,z,t)；
wherein ,
wherein q (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the three-dimensional combined heat source, q s (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the surface heat source, q c (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the bulk heat source, and x, y, z represent the x-axis, y-axis, z-axis coordinates in the three-dimensional finite element mesh model, respectively; t represents welding time, Q s Represents the power of the surface heat source, r represents the radius of action of the surface heat source, v represents the welding speed, Q c Represents the power of the bulk heat source, H represents the depth of the bulk heat source, r e Represents the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source, r i Represents the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source, r 0 (z) represents a function of the radius of the bulk heat source in the depth direction, z e Representing the z-axis coordinate, z, of the upper surface of the bulk heat source i Representing the z-axis coordinate of the lower surface of the bulk heat source.
In the embodiment, the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model is a composite heat source model of a Gaussian surface heat source and a conical heat source, and the model can accurately simulate the shape of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding seam and has high simulation precision.
According to one embodiment of the present application, in S30 of the present application, material parameters such as density, thermal conductivity, specific heat, latent heat, and the like of the aluminum alloy, and thermal boundary condition thermal convection and thermal radiation of the test piece are set to obtain a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure.
According to one embodiment of the application, the actual weld morphology in S40 is obtained by:
s41, preparing an aluminum alloy electron beam welding test piece: adopting 5083 aluminum alloy as a welding parent metal, wherein the penetration of a butt welding seam is more than 8mm; before welding, cleaning the surface of an aluminum alloy test piece by adopting acetone and alcohol; welding by adopting an electron beam welding machine, wherein the welding technological parameters are 140kv of voltage, 22mA of current and 13mm/s of welding speed;
s42, cutting the middle part of the welding seam of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding test piece by adopting line cutting, polishing, grinding and corroding, and shooting the macroscopic morphology of the welding seam of the aluminum alloy electron beam by adopting a microscope so as to be used for welding simulation contrast verification.
In this embodiment, a graph of the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure versus the actual weld morphology is shown in fig. 4. In fig. 4, the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure accords with the actual weld morphology, so that the heat source model can accurately simulate the aluminum alloy electron beam weld morphology.
According to one embodiment of the present application, in S60, adjusting corresponding parameters in the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model according to the non-conforming factor includes:
s61, under the condition that the inconsistent factor is weld penetration, adjusting the depth of the body heat source;
s62, under the condition that the inconsistent factor is the width of the middle part of the welding seam, the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source are adjusted;
and S63, adjusting the action radius of the surface heat source under the condition that the inconsistent factor is the melting width of the top of the welding line.
Further, in S61, in the case where the non-conforming factor is weld penetration, adjusting the depth of the body heat source includes:
s611, increasing the depth of a body heat source under the condition that the welding penetration of the welding temperature field representation of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is smaller than that of an actual welding seam;
and S612, reducing the depth of the body heat source under the condition that the welding penetration of the welding temperature field representation of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is larger than that of an actual welding.
Further, in S62, in the case where the non-conforming factor is the weld center fusion width, adjusting the radius of the body heat source upper surface and the radius of the body heat source lower surface includes:
s621, under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the welding seam middle melting width is smaller than the actual welding seam middle melting width, simultaneously increasing the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source;
s622, under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the melting width of the middle part of the welding seam is larger than that of the actual welding seam, simultaneously reducing the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source.
Further, in S63, in the case where the non-conforming factor is the weld top fusion width, the adjusting the radius of action of the face heat source includes:
s631, increasing the action radius of a surface heat source under the condition that the welding top melting width represented by a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is smaller than the top melting width of an actual welding seam;
s632, reducing the action radius of the surface heat source under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the top melting width of the welding line is larger than that of the actual welding line.
In summary, the method for constructing the heat source model has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the grid division process of the three-dimensional finite element grid model, the welding seam area and the grid close to the welding seam area are thinned, and the grid far from the welding seam area is coarsened, so that the calculation precision can be improved, and the calculation efficiency can be improved;
2. a composite heat source model of a Gaussian surface heat source and a conical heat source is established, a coupling formula of the two heat source models is provided, and the model can accurately simulate the shape of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding seam;
3. the temperature field calculated by combining the heat source models can provide more accurate input for calculation of welding stress and deformation.
The application also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing any of the methods described above when executing the computer program.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The method for constructing the aluminum alloy electron beam welding heat source model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, establishing a three-dimensional finite element grid model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s20, establishing a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure on the basis of the three-dimensional finite element grid model;
s30, embedding the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model into a three-dimensional finite element grid model to obtain a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s40, comparing the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure with the actual weld morphology, judging whether the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is consistent with the actual weld morphology, if so, turning to S50, otherwise, turning to S60;
s50, taking the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure as a final heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
and S60, adjusting corresponding parameters in the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model according to the non-conforming factors, and turning to S20.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S20, a three-dimensional combined initial heat source model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is established by:
q(x,y,z,t)＝q s (x,y,z,t)+q c (x,y,z,t)；
wherein ,
wherein q (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the three-dimensional combined heat source, q s (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the surface heat source, q c (x, y, z, t) represents the heat flux density of the bulk heat source, and x, y, z represent the x-axis, y-axis, z-axis coordinates in the three-dimensional finite element mesh model, respectively; t represents welding time, Q s Represents the power of the surface heat source, r represents the radius of action of the surface heat source, v represents the welding speed, Q c Represents the power of the bulk heat source, H represents the depth of the bulk heat source, r e Represents the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source, r i Represents the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source, r 0 (z) represents a function of the radius of the bulk heat source in the depth direction, z e Representing the z-axis coordinate, z, of the upper surface of the bulk heat source i Representing the z-axis coordinate of the lower surface of the bulk heat source.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in S60, adjusting the corresponding parameters in the three-dimensional combined initial heat source model according to the non-conforming factor comprises:
s61, under the condition that the inconsistent factor is weld penetration, adjusting the depth of the body heat source;
s62, under the condition that the inconsistent factor is the width of the middle part of the welding seam, the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source are adjusted;
and S63, adjusting the action radius of the surface heat source under the condition that the inconsistent factor is the melting width of the top of the welding line.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein in S61, where the non-conforming factor is weld penetration, adjusting the depth of the bulk heat source comprises:
s611, increasing the depth of a body heat source under the condition that the welding penetration of the welding temperature field representation of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is smaller than that of an actual welding seam;
and S612, reducing the depth of the body heat source under the condition that the welding penetration of the welding temperature field representation of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is larger than that of an actual welding.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein in S62, where the non-conforming factor is the weld bead mid-weld width, adjusting the radius of the body heat source upper surface and the radius of the body heat source lower surface comprises:
s621, under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the welding seam middle melting width is smaller than the actual welding seam middle melting width, simultaneously increasing the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source;
s622, under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the melting width of the middle part of the welding seam is larger than that of the actual welding seam, simultaneously reducing the radius of the upper surface of the body heat source and the radius of the lower surface of the body heat source.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein in S63, where the non-conforming factor is weld top melt width, adjusting the radius of action of the surface heat source comprises:
s631, increasing the action radius of a surface heat source under the condition that the welding top melting width represented by a welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure is smaller than the top melting width of an actual welding seam;
s632, reducing the action radius of the surface heat source under the condition that the welding temperature field of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure represents that the top melting width of the welding line is larger than that of the actual welding line.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein in S10, creating a three-dimensional finite element mesh model of an aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure comprises:
s11, establishing a geometric model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
s12, carrying out grid division on the geometric model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure to obtain a three-dimensional finite element grid model of the aluminum alloy electron beam welding structure;
in the grid division process, grid refinement is carried out on the welding seam area and the area close to the welding seam area, and grid coarsening is carried out on the area far away from the welding seam area.
8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method of any of claims 1-7 when the computer program is executed.
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