CN116764813A - Electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification - Google Patents
Electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification, belongs to the technical field of dry electrostatic separation, and aims to solve the problems of low separation efficiency and low separation accuracy in the prior art, which result in low product recovery efficiency. The device comprises an air supply unit, an air supply pipeline, a feeding unit and a modified atomization unit; the air supply unit is connected with the air supply pipeline, and the discharge port of the feeding unit and the air outlet of the modified atomization unit are both connected with the air supply pipeline; the air supply unit is used for providing the air current from the air supply unit to the air supply pipeline, and the feed unit is used for providing the granule of waiting to select, and the modification atomizing unit is used for providing the surface modifier of atomizing, and granule of waiting to select and the surface modifier of atomizing mix in the air supply pipeline. The invention can be used for electric separation of the particles to be selected, and can improve the friction charging efficiency and the separation effect of the particles to be selected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dry electrostatic separation, and particularly relates to an electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification.
Background
The triboelectric separation technology is a dry separation technology, and utilizes the mutual contact, collision and friction of mineral particles or the mutual contact between the mineral particles and a friction medium to generate charges with different sizes and opposite polarities, and the charges are fed into a high-voltage electric field, so that the two minerals are separated due to the obvious difference of movement tracks caused by the different charged signs of the particles.
Compared with the wet mineral processing method, the triboelectric separation technology has the characteristics of simple process, low investment cost, easy operation, small pollution and the like, has high product recovery rate and good separation effect, is widely applied to the separation of minerals, crops and waste plastics, and recently, has many reports about the recovery of solid electronic wastes.
However, as the particle size of the sorted material becomes smaller and smaller, the surface area becomes larger, the surface energy increases, and spontaneous agglomeration between particles is extremely likely to occur. The particle agglomeration phenomenon reduces the fluidity of particles, so that the collision probability and the effective contact area between the particles and a friction medium in the friction charging process are reduced, and the separation efficiency is reduced due to the fact that the offset track of the particles in an electric field is insufficient due to the reduction of the friction charging efficiency.
In addition, the complexity of the charging of the particle population during the sorting process results in the presence of particles of different charge sizes in the triboelectrically charged particle population. When the charged particles with different charge amounts enter an electrostatic separation field with single field intensity, the particles with less charge amounts do not deflect enough, the particles with more charge amounts deflect too early and collide with the electrode plates to rebound into an incorrect collecting tank, and therefore the collecting effect of the product is not ideal, and the product recovery efficiency is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the analysis, the invention aims to provide an electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification, which are used for solving the problems of low separation efficiency and low separation accuracy in the prior art, so that the recovery efficiency of products is low.
The aim of the invention is mainly achieved by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a combined atomization modified electric separation device which comprises an air supply unit, an air supply pipeline, a feeding unit and a modified atomization unit, wherein the air supply pipeline is connected with the air supply unit; the air supply unit is connected with the air supply pipeline, and the discharge port of the feeding unit and the air outlet of the modified atomization unit are both connected with the air supply pipeline; the air supply unit is used for providing the air current from the air supply unit to the air supply pipeline, and the feed unit is used for providing the granule of waiting to select, and the modification atomizing unit is used for providing the surface modifier of atomizing, and granule of waiting to select and the surface modifier of atomizing mix in the air supply pipeline.
Further, the air supply unit comprises a fan and an air bag, an air outlet of the fan is connected with an air inlet of the air bag, and an air outlet of the air bag is connected with an air inlet of the air supply pipeline.
Further, a flowmeter is arranged on the air supply pipeline; the flowmeter detects real-time air supply flow data in real time, judges whether the real-time air supply flow data are in a threshold range, and if not, adjusts the real-time air supply flow through the air bag until the real-time air supply flow is in the threshold range.
Further, the feeding unit comprises a storage tank and a vibration exciter, a discharge hole of the storage tank is connected with the air supply pipeline, and the vibration exciter is used for driving the storage tank to vibrate in a reciprocating manner.
Further, the storage tank is arranged above the air supply pipeline, the discharge port of the storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the storage tank, the discharge port of the storage tank is connected with the air supply pipeline through the feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe is obliquely arranged.
Further, the modified atomization unit comprises an atomizer and a storage bin, the storage bin is used for storing the atomized surface modifier, a medicine outlet of the atomizer is connected with a medicine inlet of the storage bin, and an air inlet of the storage bin and an air outlet of the storage bin are both connected with an air supply pipeline; along the air supply direction, the flowmeter, the discharge hole of the feeding pipe, the air inlet of the storage bin and the air outlet of the storage bin are sequentially arranged.
Further, the device also comprises a concentration detection controller for detecting the concentration of the surface modifier; the number of the concentration detection controllers is two, one is arranged on the inner wall of the storage bin, and the other is arranged at the air outlet of the air supply pipeline; the concentration detection controller detects the real-time surface modifier concentration data in real time, judges whether the real-time surface modifier concentration data reach a threshold value, and if not, adjusts the real-time surface modifier concentration data through the atomizer until the real-time surface modifier concentration data reach the threshold value.
Further, the air inlet of the storage bin and the air outlet of the storage bin are connected with an air supply pipeline through connecting pipelines, and the connecting pipelines are provided with pressure stabilizing plates.
Further, the voltage stabilizing plate comprises a plate body, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the plate body.
The invention also provides an electric separation method for the combined atomization modification, which adopts the electric separation device for the combined atomization modification to perform electric separation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects.
A) According to the combined atomization modified electric separation device provided by the invention, an atomization modification technology and a particle dispersion technology are combined together to be combined with a friction charge separation technology, so that the problem of non-ideal effect of the friction charge separation of the particles to be separated in industry is solved, and the friction charge efficiency and the separation effect of the particles to be separated are improved.
B) According to the combined atomization modification electric selection device, on one hand, the air flow provided by the air supply unit is used as a conveying medium, so that the particle group to be selected formed by particles to be selected can be scattered, the fluidity of the particle group to be selected is enhanced, the atomized surface modifier can be carried to carry out surface modification on the particles to be selected, the surface modifier is wrapped on the particle group to be selected, the purpose of dry modification is achieved, and the technology can simplify the process flow, is flexible and is convenient to adjust. On the other hand, in the surface modification process of the particles to be selected, through the selection of a proper surface modifier, the charge difference between the particles to be selected is enlarged, and the agglomeration trend between the particles to be selected can be changed.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the embodiments of the invention particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric separation device for combined atomization modification;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a stabilizing plate in the combined atomizing and modifying electric separator provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a rotating friction pin wheel in the combined atomizing and modifying electric selector provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of an umbrella surface spreader in the combined atomizing and modifying electric separator provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a fan; 2-a vibratory feeder; 3-feeding pipe; 4-a flow meter; 5-a feed adjustment; 6-an air supply pipeline; 7-a concentration detection controller; 8-a rotating electrical machine; 9-rotating the main shaft; 10-wind bags; 11-an atomizer; 12-rotating the friction pin wheel; 121-needle seedling; 13-a pressure stabilizing plate; 14-a storage bin; 15-umbrella surface spreader; 151-a fixed disk; 152-helical blades; 16-a friction medium cartridge; 17-classifying electrode plates, 18-a shell; 19-a power supply; 20-a collection tank; 21-out air adjusting piece.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the invention, are used to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides an electric separation device for combined atomization modification, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises an air supply unit, a feeding unit, a modified atomization unit, a friction charging unit and an electrostatic separation unit, wherein the air supply unit, an air supply pipeline 6, the friction charging unit and the electrostatic separation unit are sequentially connected, a discharge port of the feeding unit and an air outlet of the modified atomization unit are both connected with the air supply pipeline 6, the air supply unit is used for providing air flow from the air supply unit to the friction charging unit, the feeding unit is used for providing particles to be selected, the modified atomization unit is used for providing an atomized surface modifier, and the particles to be selected and the atomized surface modifier are mixed in the air supply pipeline 6 and enter the friction charging unit under air flow transmission.
During sorting, the surface modifier is atomized and then subjected to surface modification on particles to be selected (for example, fine-particle-grade particles), so that the charge difference between the particles to be selected is enlarged, the agglomeration trend between the particles to be selected is changed, and in practical application, a proper surface modifier can be selected according to the types of the particles to be selected; the modified particles to be selected enter a friction charging unit under the air flow transmission of an air supply unit, and are charged, so that the particles to be selected are fully charged to become charged particles, and enter a static separation unit; charged particles of different polarities are deflected by the transverse action of electric field forces of different magnitudes and directions and fall into different collecting tanks 20, so that the separation of the particles to be selected is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the combined atomization modified electric separation device provided by the invention combines an atomization modification technology and a particle dispersion technology together and fuses the combined atomization modification technology and a friction charge separation technology, so that the problem of non-ideal effect of the industrial charge separation of particles to be separated is solved, and the friction charge efficiency and separation effect of the particles to be separated are improved.
Specifically, on the one hand, the air flow provided by the air supply unit is used as a conveying medium, so that not only can the to-be-selected particle group formed by the to-be-selected particles be scattered, but also the flowability of the to-be-selected particle group can be enhanced, and the atomized surface modifier can be carried to carry out surface modification on the to-be-selected particles, so that the surface modifier is wrapped on the to-be-selected particle group, the purpose of dry modification is realized, and the technology can simplify the process flow, and is flexible and convenient to adjust. On the other hand, in the surface modification process of the particles to be selected, through the selection of a proper surface modifier, the charge difference between the particles to be selected is enlarged, and the agglomeration trend between the particles to be selected can be changed.
Considering that the modification of the particles to be selected is mainly performed in the air supply pipeline 6, in order to ensure the modification sufficiency of the particles to be selected, the diameter of the air supply pipeline 6 is 0.12-0.16 m, the length is 5-7 m, and the distance between the connection part of the modified atomizing unit and the connection pipeline and the connection part of the connection pipeline and the friction charging unit is 3-5 m.
In order to control the flow rate of the particles to be selected entering the friction charging unit, the air supply pipeline 6 is provided with an air outlet adjusting piece 21 which partially covers the discharge port of the air supply pipeline 6, for example, a stainless steel insert sheet, and the size of the discharge port opening of the air supply pipeline 6 can be controlled by adjusting the area of the air outlet adjusting piece 21 which covers the discharge port, so that the flow rate of the particles to be selected entering the friction charging unit is controlled.
In order to avoid that the particles to be selected are pre-charged by friction with the air supply pipeline 6 in the conveying process of the air supply pipeline 6, the air supply pipeline 6 is grounded through a wire.
Specifically, the air supply unit comprises a fan 1 and an air bag 10, wherein an air outlet of the fan 1 is connected with an air inlet of the air bag 10, and an air outlet of the air bag 10 is connected with an air inlet of the air supply pipeline 6.
The flow meter 4 is provided in the air supply line 6 so as to be able to detect the flow rate of the air supply. In this way, the flow meter 4 detects the real-time air supply flow data in real time, and judges whether the real-time air supply flow data is within the threshold range, if not, the air bag 10 adjusts the real-time air supply flow until the real-time air supply flow is within the threshold range, so that the feeding concentration in the air supply pipeline 6 and the collision strength of the particles to be selected can be adjusted. Exemplary air flow is 100-1000 m 3 And/h, the air supply pressure is 0.1-0.6 MPa.
Illustratively, the feeding unit is a vibrating feeder 2, the vibrating feeder 2 comprises a storage tank and a vibration exciter, a discharge hole of the storage tank is connected with an air supply pipeline 6, the vibration exciter is used for driving the storage tank to do reciprocating vibration at a certain inclination angle, and the vibration frequency of the storage tank is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the vibration exciter, so that the feeding speed is controlled. The vibration frequency is, for example, 2000-5000 Hz, with a maximum amplitude of + -13 mm.
In order to realize automatic feeding, the above-mentioned stock groove is located the top of air supply pipeline 6, and the tank bottom of stock groove is located to the discharge gate of stock groove, and the discharge gate passes through feed pipe 3 to be connected with air supply pipeline 6, and feed pipe 3 slope setting, the access direction of feed inlet of feed pipe 3 is parallel with the tank bottom of stock groove. In this way, the particles to be selected can slide down into the air supply pipeline 6 directly by gravity under the action of the vibration exciter.
In addition, to the regulation of feed rate, still can adopt the following mode, feed pipe 3 discharge gate department is equipped with the feed regulating part 5 of part cover feed pipe 3 discharge gate, for example, stainless steel inserted sheet, through adjusting the area that feed regulating part 5 covered the feed gate, can control feed pipe 3 discharge gate open-ended size, and then control feed rate.
For the structure of modified atomizing unit, specifically, modified atomizing unit includes atomizer 11 (e.g. ultrasonic atomizer 11) and stores storehouse 14, and the medicine outlet of atomizer 11 is connected with the medicine inlet of storing storehouse 14, and the air inlet of storing storehouse 14 and the gas outlet of storing storehouse 14 are all connected with air supply pipeline 6, and along the air supply direction, flowmeter 4, the discharge gate of feed pipe 3, the air inlet of storing storehouse 14 and the gas outlet of storing storehouse 14 set gradually, and the surface modifier after storing storehouse 14 is used for storing the atomizing, and the maximum charge is 100L, and the maximum atomizing speed of atomizer 11 is 500L/h.
In order to detect the concentration of the surface modifying agent in real time, the combined atomization modifying electric selecting device further comprises a concentration detecting controller 7 for detecting the concentration of the surface modifying agent, and the number of the concentration detecting controllers 7 is two, for example, one of the concentration detecting controllers is arranged on the inner wall of the storage bin, and the other concentration detecting controller is arranged at the air outlet of the air supply pipeline 6. Thus, the real-time surface modifier concentration data is detected in real time by the concentration detection controller 7, and whether the real-time surface modifier concentration data reaches the threshold value is judged, and if not, the real-time surface modifier concentration data is adjusted by the atomizer 11 until the real-time surface modifier concentration data reaches the threshold value. The concentration condition of the surface modifier can be detected in real time by the method, and the working time of the atomizer 11 is controlled according to the set concentration threshold value, so that the problems of agglomeration of the particles to be selected caused by too high concentration of the surface modifier or insufficient modification caused by too low concentration of the surface modifier can be prevented.
The air inlet of the storage bin 14 and the air outlet of the storage bin 14 are connected with the air supply pipeline 6 through connecting pipelines, the connecting pipelines are provided with pressure stabilizing plates 13, and the air flow input into the storage bin 14 and the air flow output from the storage bin 14 can be stabilized through the pressure stabilizing plates 13, so that the atomized surface modifier can enter the air supply pipeline 6 to carry out surface modification on particles to be selected under the conveying of the stabilized air flow.
Specifically, the voltage stabilizing plate 13 includes a plate body, on which a plurality of through holes are formed, see fig. 2, and the aperture ratio of the voltage stabilizing plate 13 is adjustable, in practical application, the aperture ratio can be adjusted by partially shielding the through holes, and a concentrated air flow is dispersed into a plurality of air flows through the through holes, so that voltage stabilization can be achieved.
The structure of the friction charging unit specifically comprises a friction medium cylinder 16, a rotating motor 8, a rotating shaft 9, a rotating friction needle wheel 12 and an umbrella surface spreader 15, wherein a feed inlet of the friction medium cylinder 16 is connected with an air outlet of an air supply pipeline 6, a discharge outlet of the friction medium cylinder 16 is connected with a feed inlet of an electrostatic sorting unit, the rotating shaft 9, the rotating friction needle wheel 12 and the umbrella surface spreader 15 are positioned in the friction medium cylinder 16, one end of the rotating shaft 9 is fixedly connected with the rotating motor 8, the other end of the rotating shaft 9 passes through the rotating friction needle wheel 12 and then is fixedly connected with the umbrella surface spreader 15, the rotating motor 8 drives the rotating friction needle wheel 12 and the spreader to rotate around the rotating shaft 9 through the rotating shaft 9, and the rotating speed is 50-500 r/min. In this way, the modified particles to be selected in the air supply pipeline 6 enter the friction medium cylinder 16, friction charge is carried out on the particles to be selected through rotation of the rotary friction pin wheel 12, and the charged particles to be selected uniformly enter the electrostatic separation unit through the umbrella surface distributor 15. Through the friction charging unit with the structure, in the process of friction charging of the particles to be selected, the particles to be selected are subjected to multi-level friction charging such as collision striking of the rotary friction pin wheel 12, rebound to the inner wall of the friction medium cylinder 16, movement and material scattering on the umbrella surface distributor 15, sliding along the friction medium cylinder 16 and the like, so that the particles to be selected can be sufficiently charged. In addition, by the rotating friction pin wheel 12 rotating at a high speed, the group of particles to be selected can be hit by mechanical force, the adhesion force between the group of particles to be selected can be overcome, the fluidity of the group of particles to be selected can be enhanced, and thus the agglomeration phenomenon between the particles to be selected can be improved.
Illustratively, the air outlet direction of the air supply pipeline 6 is perpendicular to the axis direction of the rotating shaft 9, so that during the operation of introducing the modified particles to be selected, the modified particles to be selected are fed into the friction medium cylinder 16 under the action force of the air flow transversely, the collision strength of the particles to be selected, the rotating friction pin wheel 12 and the inner wall of the friction medium cylinder 16 can be adjusted by adjusting the air-lifting speed, and the charging time of the particles to be selected in the friction medium cylinder 16 can not be shortened, so that the charging efficiency of the particles to be selected in the friction medium cylinder 16 can be effectively improved.
As for the structure of the friction medium tube 16, specifically, it includes a cylindrical tube and an inverted cone tube which are sequentially connected (e.g., welded) from top to bottom, a feed port of the friction medium tube 16 is provided on a side wall of the cylindrical tube, a discharge port of the friction medium tube 16 is provided on a bottom end of the conical tube, wherein the rotation shaft 9, the rotary friction pin wheel 12 and the umbrella surface spreader 15 are all provided in the cylindrical tube. By adopting the friction medium barrel 16 with the structure, on one hand, the volume in the friction medium barrel 16 can be effectively increased due to the arrangement of the cylinder barrel, the rotary shaft 9, the rotary friction needle wheel 12 and the umbrella surface spreader 15 are conveniently contained, and on the other hand, the movement speed of particles to be selected can be properly reduced due to the arrangement of the inverted cone barrel, the friction and the falling time of the particles to be selected can be prolonged, and the particles to be selected can be fully charged.
In order to further improve the charging effect of the particles to be selected, for the structure of the rotary friction pin wheel 12, specifically, the rotary friction pin wheel comprises a plurality of charging layers axially arranged along the rotary shaft 9, as shown in fig. 3, gaps are formed between every two adjacent charging layers, each charging layer comprises a plurality of pin seedlings 121 radially arranged with the rotary shaft 9 as a center, gaps are formed between each pin seedling 121, the pin seedlings 121 are uniformly arranged, the axis of each pin seedling 121 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotary shaft 9, and gaps are formed between the top ends of the pin seedlings 121 and the inner wall of the friction medium cylinder 16. Compared with the existing rotary friction rod, the rotary friction pinwheel 12 with the structure has the advantages that the pin seedlings 121 are densely arranged and uniformly distributed, the principle of dynamic filtration and permeation probability is applied, the pin seedlings 121 can impact and collide the particle group to be selected in multiple levels, and the effect of three-dimensional dispersion is achieved in the process of fully charging the particles to be selected, so that the scattering material is ensured not to be agglomerated.
In order to be able to improve the distribution uniformity, the umbrella surface spreader 15 includes a fixed disk 151 (e.g., a circular disk) and a plurality of spiral blades 152 arranged along the circumference of the fixed disk 151, referring to fig. 4, the spiral blades 152 are inclined by 12 to 18 ° (e.g., 15 °) clockwise or counterclockwise with respect to the radial direction of the fixed disk 151, thereby constituting an umbrella shape. Therefore, after the particles to be selected which are charged by the rotary friction needle wheel 12 fall on the umbrella surface distributor 15, the movement path of the particles to be selected can be effectively prolonged, the time and probability of dispersing the charged particles to be selected are further increased, and then the particles uniformly move outwards under the action of centrifugal force and are distributed in the inverted cone. In addition, the particles to be selected can be dispersed within the maximum allowable range through the umbrella surface distributor 15, so that the dispersion uniformity of the particles to be selected is improved.
It should be noted that, in order to prevent the charges of the particles to be tested from being disordered, the materials of the spiral blade, the material of the rotary friction needle wheel 12 and the material of the friction medium cylinder 16 are the same, and may be selected according to the frictional charge characteristics of the particles to be selected, so as to make the different particles to be selected collide with the particles to be tested and rub them to charge charges of different polarities, and the three materials are exemplified as PVC.
In order to enable charged particles with different polarities to be subjected to transverse action of electric field forces with different magnitudes and directions to generate larger deflection, so that the sorting efficiency of the charged particles is improved, for the structure of the electrostatic sorting unit, the electrostatic sorting unit illustratively comprises a shell 18, a power supply 19, a plurality of collecting tanks 20 and a plurality of sorting electrode plates 17, wherein one end of the shell 18, facing the friction medium cylinder 16, is provided with an opening, the opening is arranged below the friction medium cylinder 16, a gap is arranged at a distance of 5-10 cm from the outlet of the friction medium cylinder 16, the collecting tanks 20 are arranged at the bottom of the shell 18, the sorting electrode plates 17 are arranged on the inner wall of the shell 18, one end of the sorting electrode plates 17 is electrically connected with the power supply 19, the other end of the sorting electrode plates 17 are grounded, and the generated electric field forces are gradually increased along the direction gradually far away from the discharge hole of the friction medium cylinder 16. In this way, in the multi-section adjustable step electric field formed by the plurality of pairs of classifying electrode plates 17, charged particles with different polarities are deflected under the transverse action of electric field forces with different magnitudes and directions and fall into different collecting tanks 20, so that the separation of the charged particles is realized, and the problems that the charged particles with smaller charge-to-mass ratio do not have enough electric field force to deflect and the particles with larger charge-to-mass ratio deflect too much to collide with the classifying electrode plates 17 are solved. In addition, unlike a closed electric field, the electrostatic separation unit of the embodiment belongs to an open type separation field, particles to be separated enter a high-voltage electrostatic field through a discharge hole with a small width (namely, a discharge hole of a friction medium cylinder 16) after being charged, the charged particles cannot be subjected to the acting force of continuous airflow in the electric field due to the open type separation field, the airflow only provides an initial speed for the charged particles, the charged particles fall in the vertical direction of an electrostatic separation area only by virtue of the gravity of the charged particles, and the electric field force in the horizontal direction provides horizontal acceleration to enable the charged particles to deflect to generate different tracks, so that the particles cannot be disturbed by turbulent airflow, the stress condition is simple, and the motion track is relatively uniform and ordered.
Illustratively, the housing 18 is divided into a plurality of stages of mutually communicating accommodating chambers in a direction gradually away from the discharge port of the friction medium tube 16, each accommodating chamber having a pair of classifying electrode plates 17 disposed therein; of each of the classifying electrode plates 17, one classifying electrode plate 17 is provided at one side of the accommodating chamber, the other classifying electrode plate 17 is provided at the other side of the accommodating chamber, and positions of the two classifying electrode plates 17 correspond to each other, so that a primary electric field can be formed.
In practical application, the number of steps of the step electric field can be selected according to the difficulty of sorting charged particles, for example, the number of the accommodating cavities is 3 steps, and the number of pairs of the classifying electrode plates 17 is 3 pairs, so that the three-step electric field can be formed.
In order to realize the adjustable angle of the step electric field, the above-mentioned classifying electrode plates 17 are arranged obliquely and are connected with the housing 18 in a rotating way, and illustratively, the upper ends of the classifying electrode plates 17 are connected with the housing 18 in a rotating way, and in each classifying electrode plate 17, the oblique directions of the two classifying electrode plates 17 are opposite and symmetrically arranged, so that by rotating the classifying electrode plates 17, the oblique angle of the classifying electrode plates 17 can be adjusted, and the distance between the classifying electrode plates 17 and the generated voltage can be adjusted, wherein the voltage range is 25-85 kV.
In order to adjust the arrangement position and the arrangement mode of the collecting tank 20 according to the motion deviation condition of the charged particles, the structure of the collecting tank 20 specifically comprises a tank body and a baffle plate, wherein the inner space of the tank body is divided into a plurality of collecting tanks 20 through the baffle plate, the baffle plate is connected with the tank wall of the tank body in a sliding and detachable mode, and the position of the corresponding collecting tank 20 can be changed by adjusting the relative position of the baffle plate and the tank body, so that the arrangement position and the arrangement mode of the collecting tank 20 can be adjusted according to the motion deviation condition of the charged particles.
The invention also provides an electric separation method for combined atomization modification, which adopts the electric separation device for combined atomization modification, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: atomizing a surface modifier and then carrying out surface modification on the particles to be selected;
step 2: the modified particles to be selected are conveyed into a friction charging unit through high-speed air flow of an air supply unit, so that the particles to be selected are fully charged to become charged particles;
step 3: the charged particles enter the electrostatic separation unit, the charged particles with different polarities are deflected under the transverse action of electric field forces with different sizes and directions and fall into different collecting tanks, and the separation of the particles to be separated is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the combined atomization modified electric separation method provided by the invention are basically the same as those of the combined atomization modified electric separation device provided by the invention, and are not repeated herein.
Specifically, the electric selection method comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting a threshold value of a smoke concentration detection controller according to the concentration of the surface modifier required by the particles to be selected;
adding a surface modifier into an atomizer, adjusting the aperture ratio of a voltage stabilizing plate to be zero, opening the atomizer, and atomizing the surface modifier;
after the indication number of the smoke concentration detection controller at the inner wall of the storage bin reaches the set medicament concentration, closing a discharge regulating piece at the discharge end of the feed pipe and an air outlet regulating piece at the discharge port of the air supply pipeline, opening a fan, and opening the aperture ratio of the pressure stabilizing plate to the maximum;
after the smoke concentration detection controller at the discharge port of the air supply pipeline reaches the set reagent concentration threshold, opening an air outlet regulating piece at the discharge port of the air supply pipeline;
the aperture ratio of the pressure stabilizing plate is adjusted according to the flow meter indication, so that after the pressure drop and air flow transmission in the air supply pipeline are stable, the voltage of each grading electrode plate is set, a power supply is started, after the voltage is stable, a rotating motor is started, and after the rotating main shaft reaches a stable rotating state, the frequency of a vibration exciter of the vibration feeder is set;
a feeding adjusting piece at the discharge end of the feeding pipe is opened, and a vibrating feeder is started;
the particles to be selected slide down along the feeding pipe into the air supply pipeline, and are fully mixed and modified in the air supply pipeline by means of stable and uniform air flow and the atomized surface modifier;
step 2: the modified particles to be selected enter a friction charging unit under the carrying action of air flow, and the particles to be selected are fully broken up under the action of a rotating friction pin wheel rotating at a high speed, and are fully charged after being collided and rubbed with the rotating friction pin wheel, so as to obtain charged particles;
the charged particles fall onto the umbrella surface spreader, and under the action of the rotating helical blades, the uniform spreading material falls into the electrostatic separation unit through the bottom of the inverted cone;
step 3: in the gradient electric field, positively charged particles shift to a negative plate in the classifying electrode plate, negatively charged particles shift to a positive plate in the classifying electrode plate, charged particles with large mass-to-charge ratio are deflected in a collecting tank of the first-stage electrode plate in advance under the action of the electric field force, and charged particles with small mass-to-charge ratio continuously move downwards to enter the next section of electric field to deflect, separate and collect, and finally, particle separation with different mass-to-charge ratios is realized.
Example 1
The embodiment is used for electric separation of the coal-based kaolin material with the diameter of-0.5 mm, and the electric separation method comprises the following steps:
s1, pouring coal-series kaolin into a storage tank of a vibration feeder, in the embodiment, selecting kerosene as a surface modifier, and injecting the coal-series kaolin which is sorted according to the requirements into an atomizer according to the surface modifier to particle mass ratio of 5 kg/t. The concentration of the modifier on the inner surface of the air supply pipeline is maintained to be 1.8-2.4 kg/m 3 And setting a threshold value of a concentration detection controller according to the concentration of the surface modifier, adjusting the atomization rate of the ultrasonic atomizer, opening the ultrasonic atomizer, adjusting the aperture ratio of the voltage stabilizing plate to 0, atomizing kerosene into small molecules under the action of ultrasonic directional pressure, and entering a storage bin.
S2, after the indication number of the concentration detection controller on the side surface of the storage bin reaches the set concentration of the surface modifier, closing stainless steel inserting sheets at the tail ends of the feed pipe and the air supply pipeline, opening a fan, and opening the aperture ratio of the pressure stabilizing plate to the maximum so that atomized kerosene fills the whole air supply pipeline; and after the concentration detection controller at the tail end of the air supply pipeline indicates that the set concentration of the surface modifier is reached, opening the stainless steel insert at the tail end of the air supply pipe.
S3, adjusting the aperture ratio of the air bag, the flowmeter and the pressure stabilizing plate to ensure that the pressure drop and the air flow transmission in the air supply pipeline are stable, wherein in the embodiment, the air pressure in the air supply pipeline is maintained at 0.3-0.4 MPa, and the flow is 620-700 m 3 /h; after all the readings are stable, setting the voltage of each electrode plate, wherein the first section of voltage is set at 28-36 kV, the second section of voltage is set at 40-48 kV, the third section of voltage is set at 52-60 kV, and the inclination angles of the six grading electrode plates are all 30 degrees; starting a high-voltage power supply, starting a rotating motor after the voltage indication is stable, setting the rotating speed to 400r/min, and setting the frequency of a vibration exciter of the vibration feeder to 5000Hz after the rotating main shaft reaches a stable rotating state.
S4, opening a stainless steel insert at the tail end of the feeding pipe, starting a switch of the vibrating feeder, sliding the coal-series kaolin into an air supply pipeline along the feeding pipe, and fully mixing and modifying the coal-series kaolin with the atomized surface modifier by means of stable and uniform air flow in the air supply pipeline; the modified coal-series kaolin particles enter a friction charging unit under the carrying action of air flow, and are fully charged after collision friction with a rotary friction pin wheel while the particle group to be selected is fully scattered under the action of the rotary friction pin wheel rotating at high speed; the charged coal-series kaolin particles fall onto the umbrella surface spreader, and under the action of the rotating helical blades, the uniformly spread materials fall into the electrostatic separation unit through the bottom of the hopper.
S5, in a three-section type step high-voltage electric field, positively charged clean coal particles are deflected to a negative electrode, negatively charged kaolinite particles are deflected to a positive electrode, charged particles with large charge-mass ratio are deflected in a collecting tank of a first section of electrode plate in advance under the action of an electric field force, charged particles with small charge-mass ratio continue to move downwards, enter the next section of electric field to deflect, separate and collect, and the particles with electric neutrality vertically move downwards and fall into the collecting tank in the middle of the bottom, so that the separation of particles with different charge-mass ratios is realized, and carbon impurities in coal-based kaolinite can be effectively removed.
Example two
The embodiment is used for electric separation of the fly ash material with the particle size of-0.25 mm, and the electric separation method comprises the following steps:
s1, pouring the fly ash into a storage tank of a vibration feeder, in the embodiment, selecting citric acid as a surface modifier, and injecting the surface modifier into an atomizer according to the mass of the fly ash which is sorted according to the requirement and the surface modifier with the mass ratio of the surface modifier to particles of 7 kg/t. The concentration of the modifier on the inner surface of the air supply pipeline is required to be maintained to be 4.5-4.8 kg/m 3 And setting a threshold value of a concentration detection controller according to the concentration of the surface modifier, adjusting the atomization rate of the ultrasonic atomizer, opening the ultrasonic atomizer, adjusting the aperture ratio of the voltage stabilizing plate to 0, atomizing citric acid into small molecules under the action of ultrasonic directional pressure, and entering the storage bin.
S2, after the indication number of the concentration detection controller on the side surface of the bin to be stored reaches the set concentration of the surface modifier, closing stainless steel inserting sheets at the tail ends of the feeding pipe and the air supply pipeline, opening a fan, and opening the opening ratio of the pressure stabilizing plate to the maximum so that the atomized citric acid fills the whole air supply pipeline; and after the concentration detection controller at the tail end of the air supply pipeline indicates that the set concentration of the surface modifier is reached, opening the stainless steel insert at the tail end of the air supply pipe.
S3, adjusting the aperture ratio of the air bag, the flowmeter and the pressure stabilizing plate to ensure that the pressure drop and the air flow transmission in the air supply pipeline are stable, wherein in the embodiment, the air pressure in the air supply pipeline is maintained between 0.4 and 0.5MPa, and the flow is 560 to 600m 3 /h; after all the readings are stable, setting the voltage of each electrode plate, wherein the first section of voltage is 38-44 kV, the second section of voltage is 50-56 kV, the third section of voltage is 62-68 kV, and the inclination angles of the six grading electrode plates are 15 degrees; starting a high-voltage power supply, starting a rotating motor after the voltage indication is stable, setting the rotating speed to 550r/min, and setting the frequency of a vibration exciter of the vibration feeder to 4600Hz after the rotating main shaft reaches a stable rotating state.
S4, opening a stainless steel insert at the tail end of the feeding pipe, starting a switch of the vibrating feeder, and enabling the fly ash to slide into an air supply pipeline along the feeding pipe, wherein the fly ash is fully mixed and modified with the atomized surface modifier by means of stable and uniform air flow in the air supply pipeline; the modified fly ash particles enter a friction charging unit under the carrying action of air flow, and are fully charged after collision friction with a rotary friction pin wheel while the particle group to be selected is fully broken up under the action of the rotary friction pin wheel rotating at high speed; the charged fly ash particles fall onto the umbrella surface spreader, and under the action of the rotating helical blades, the uniformly spread fly ash particles fall into the electrostatic separation unit through the bottom of the hopper.
S5, in the three-section type gradient electric field, positively charged carbon particles are deflected to the negative electrode, negatively charged ash particles are deflected to the positive electrode, charged particles with large charge-to-mass ratio are deflected in the collecting groove of the first section of electrode plate in advance under the action of an electric field force, charged particles with small charge-to-mass ratio continue to move downwards, enter the next section of electric field to deflect, separate and collect, and the neutral particles vertically move downwards and fall into the collecting groove in the middle of the bottom, so that the separation of particles with different charge-to-mass ratios is realized, and carbon impurities in the fly ash can be effectively removed.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The electric separation device for combined atomization modification is characterized by comprising an air supply unit, an air supply pipeline, a feeding unit and a modification atomization unit;
the air supply unit is connected with the air supply pipeline, and the discharge port of the feeding unit and the air outlet of the modified atomization unit are both connected with the air supply pipeline;
the air supply unit is used for providing air flow from the air supply unit to the air supply pipeline, the feeding unit is used for providing particles to be selected, the modified atomization unit is used for providing atomized surface modifier, and the particles to be selected and the atomized surface modifier are mixed in the air supply pipeline.
2. The combined atomization modified electric separation device according to claim 1, wherein the air supply unit comprises a fan and an air bag, an air outlet of the fan is connected with an air inlet of the air bag, and an air outlet of the air bag is connected with an air inlet of an air supply pipeline.
3. The combined atomization modified electric separation device according to claim 2, wherein a flowmeter is arranged on the air supply pipeline;
and the flowmeter detects the real-time air supply flow data in real time and judges whether the real-time air supply flow data is in a threshold range, if not, the real-time air supply flow is regulated by the air bag until the real-time air supply flow is in the threshold range.
4. The electric separation device for combined atomization modification according to claim 1, wherein the feeding unit comprises a stock tank and a vibration exciter, a discharge hole of the stock tank is connected with the air supply pipeline, and the vibration exciter is used for driving the stock tank to vibrate in a reciprocating manner.
5. The electric separator for combined atomization modification according to claim 4, wherein the stock tank is arranged above the air supply pipeline, a discharge port of the stock tank is arranged at the bottom of the stock tank, the discharge port of the stock tank is connected with the air supply pipeline through a feed pipe, and the feed pipe is obliquely arranged.
6. The electric selection device for combined atomization modification according to claim 1, wherein the modification atomization unit comprises an atomizer and a storage bin, the storage bin is used for storing the atomized surface modifier, a medicine outlet of the atomizer is connected with a medicine inlet of the storage bin, and an air inlet of the storage bin and an air outlet of the storage bin are both connected with an air supply pipeline;
along the air supply direction, the flowmeter, the discharge hole of the feeding pipe, the air inlet of the storage bin and the air outlet of the storage bin are sequentially arranged.
7. The combined atomizing-modifying electric separation device of claim 6, further comprising a concentration detection controller for detecting a concentration of the surface modifying agent;
the number of the concentration detection controllers is two, one of the concentration detection controllers is arranged on the inner wall of the storage bin, and the other concentration detection controller is arranged at the air outlet of the air supply pipeline;
and the concentration detection controller detects the real-time surface modifier concentration data in real time, judges whether the real-time surface modifier concentration data reaches a threshold value, and if not, adjusts the real-time surface modifier concentration data through the atomizer until the real-time surface modifier concentration data reaches the threshold value.
8. The electric separation device for combined atomization modification according to claim 6, wherein the air inlet of the storage bin and the air outlet of the storage bin are connected with an air supply pipeline through connecting pipelines, and a pressure stabilizing plate is arranged on the connecting pipelines.
9. The electric selector device for combined atomization modification of claim 8, wherein the voltage stabilizing plate comprises a plate body, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the plate body.
10. An electric separation method of combined atomization modification, which is characterized in that an electric separation device of combined atomization modification is adopted for electric separation according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310241885.3A CN116764813A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification |
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| CN202310241885.3A CN116764813A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification |
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| CN202310241885.3A Pending CN116764813A (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Electric separation device and method for combined atomization modification |
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