CN116757289B - Time division multiplexing control method and operation device - Google Patents
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time division multiplexing control method and an operation device, which relate to the field of quantum technology, wherein the operation device comprises: the optical modulation module is used for modulating the seeds to generate sidebands with required intensity, frequency, phase and quantity, and realizing the time sequence control of the sidebands; the frequency conversion module is used for converting the modulated seed laser with sidebands into a required frequency; the laser separation module is used for separating lasers with different frequencies in the frequency conversion module; the operation module is used for aligning the separated operation laser to ions or atoms and carrying out time sequence control on the intensity, frequency, phase and space position of the operation laser so as to realize the operation of the ions or atoms quantum bits; the control method can utilize the same laser beam to realize the operation of various ion or atom quantum bits by changing the modulation frequency, and can realize the operation flow of the time division multiplexing ion or atom quantum bits by controlling according to a specific time sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quanta, in particular to a time division multiplexing control method and an operation device.
Background
Compared with a common computer, the quantum computer utilizes quantum mechanical effects such as quantum state superposition, quantum entanglement, quantum parallelism and the like, and can greatly improve the running speed when dealing with certain specific problems. Therefore, the quantum computer has potential application prospect in the aspects of artificial intelligence, chemical materials, financial analysis, communication safety and the like, and receives wide attention.
In the current research, neutral atoms, ions, superconductive Josephson junctions, photons, semiconductor quantum dots and the like can be used as qubits, but the atomic qubits have the advantages of long coherence time, high gate operation fidelity, more direct state preparation and reading, global interaction and the like, and a quantum computer based on an ion trap is one of the fastest-growing quantum computing systems.
Taking a trapping ion quantum system as an example, a method for operating a quantum bit by using laser in a quantum computer based on an atomic quantum bit is generally adopted, the trapping of the atomic quantum bit is mainly realized by using laser and microwave, for example, ion cooling, state initialization, stimulated Raman transition operation, fluorescence detection and the like are realized by using the laser, the switching and frequency shift of the laser are realized by using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), and various frequency components are generated by using an electro-optic modulator (EOM); the ion trap system generally selects the elements of two electrons of the outermost layer such as beryllium, calcium, ytterbium and the like, so that only one electron is arranged on the outermost layer after one electron is lost by ionization, the energy level structure is relatively simple, and blue-violet or even ultraviolet band laser is generally required for ion operation.
Referring to fig. 3 of the specification, taking 171yb+ as an example, the energy level is shown in the figure, 369.5nm laser is required to generate a 14.7GHz sideband by using an electro-optical modulator, red detuning is 10MHz, 369.5nm laser is required to add a 2.1GHz sideband for state initialization, and pure 369.5nm laser is required for state detection. In existing designs, it is generally necessary to split three 369.5nm lasers from the laser, modulate the lasers with 2.1G and 7.37G (or 14.7G) spatial EOM to obtain cooling light and initializing light, implement switching with three AOMs, and finally introduce the three optical beams into the ion trap device, and due to the above, complex optical path designs and expensive uv optics are required on most ion trap devices today to achieve the above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a time division multiplexing control method and an operation device, which solve the following technical problems:
1) A plurality of acousto-optic modulators and electro-optic modulators are needed, blue-violet light or even ultraviolet light wave bands are needed in most cases, and the system cost is high;
2) In order to recycle the light-passing window, laser beam combination is needed, light intensity is lost in the coupling process of the beam combination and the optical fiber, and the laser utilization rate is low;
3) The whole light path is complex, the stability is reduced, and the maintenance difficulty is increased.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
an operating apparatus for time division multiplexing, comprising:
the optical modulation module is used for modulating the seeds to generate at least one laser of a required sideband and realizing the time sequence control of the laser sideband;
the frequency conversion module is used for converting the modulated seed laser frequency with sidebands into laser with at least one other wave band with required frequency;
the laser separation module is used for separating lasers with different frequencies in the frequency conversion module;
the operation module is used for controlling the separated needed laser and realizing the control of time sequence and space distribution of the operation laser and is used for operating the ion or atomic quantum bit.
Preferably, the optical modulation module comprises an optical modulation device for modulating the seed laser light to at least one desired sideband.
Preferably, the optical modulation module further comprises a radio frequency driving unit, and the radio frequency driving unit is used for providing radio frequency driving signals with different intensities, frequencies and phases for the optical modulation device to rapidly switch, so that the time sequence control of the laser sidebands is realized.
Preferably, the frequency conversion module comprises a laser amplifier and a frequency conversion crystal, wherein the laser amplifier is used for amplifying the modulated seed light to the light intensity required by laser frequency conversion.
Preferably, the frequency conversion module further includes at least one frequency conversion crystal for converting the seed light frequency to laser light of other wavelength bands of desired frequencies, including infrared light, near infrared light, visible light, near ultraviolet light, ultraviolet laser light or extreme ultraviolet light, and combinations thereof.
Preferably, the laser separation module includes, but is not limited to, a beam splitting optical path composed of various dichroic mirrors and filters, gratings, prisms, and combinations thereof, for separating laser light of different wavebands generated by frequency conversion.
Preferably, the operation module includes a radio frequency control unit for operating timing control of the laser.
Preferably, the operation module comprises an operation light path, the operation light path uses an optical modulation device to realize rapid control of frequency, phase, amplitude and time sequence of operation laser, and uses an objective lens to align and focus the needed laser on ions or atoms to realize the operation of quantum bits;
the light modulation device comprises an electro-optical modulator, an acousto-optic deflector, a spatial light modulator, a micromirror array and a combination thereof;
the operations include laser cooling, quantum state initialization, quantum state transfer, quantum state stimulated raman transition operations or state detection, and combinations thereof.
Preferably, the device further comprises a seed laser source, wherein the seed laser source is used for emitting seed light, and the seed laser source is used as initial excitation of laser amplification and frequency conversion after modulation;
the seed laser source is also used for frequency stabilization.
A method of operating a time division multiplexed operating device, comprising the steps of:
adjusting and stabilizing the seed light to the required power and frequency;
modulating seed light by an optical modulation module to generate laser containing at least one required sideband, switching the frequency, amplitude, phase and quantity of radio frequency driving signals of a radio frequency driving unit by a set control time sequence, and applying the radio frequency driving signals to an optical modulation device to realize modulation switching of the frequency, amplitude, phase and quantity of the sidebands of the seed light, thereby realizing time sequence control of the laser sidebands;
amplifying the modulated seed laser with sidebands, and converting the amplified seed laser with sidebands into at least one required laser frequency through a frequency conversion module, wherein the converted laser has the required sidebands;
the laser separation module is used for separating the lasers with different wave bands generated by the frequency conversion module into different operation lasers;
the radio frequency control unit in the operation module is used for controlling the optical modulation device to carry out time sequence control and switching on the separated operation laser, the frequency, the amplitude and the phase of the operation laser are changed, and the operation laser is aligned to different ions or atoms through an operation optical path and is used for the operation of the ion or atom quantum bit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention controls the sideband frequency, amplitude, phase and time sequence of the seed light through the radio frequency driving unit, the operation lasers of other wave bands obtained after frequency conversion also have required sidebands, the separated operation lasers are aligned to ions or atoms, and through further time sequence control of the operation lasers, a plurality of ion operations can be realized by using the same laser, the control is carried out according to the set time sequence, and the operation capability of time division multiplexing ions or atomic quantum bits can be realized;
the invention can realize simple, broadband, high-speed and multi-frequency modulation on seed laser, and can generate visible light, blue-violet near ultraviolet light, ultraviolet laser and combination thereof with broadband tunable sidebands through the frequency conversion process, thereby realizing the laser operation of time-division multiplexing of a laser meeting various ions or atoms.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a time division multiplexing operation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method of quantum state operation of time division multiplexing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the energy level of 171Yb+ in a time division multiplexed operator device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of an optical path in a time division multiplexing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of an example of EOM RF driver composition in a time division multiplexed operating device according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a radio frequency control unit in a time division multiplexing operation device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a timing flow chart in a time division multiplexing operation device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a light modulation module; 200. a frequency conversion module; 300. a laser separation module; 400. an operation module; 500. ion or atomic qubits; 101. a seed laser source; 102. a light modulation device; 103. a radio frequency driving unit; 201. a laser amplifier; 202. a frequency conversion crystal; 203. a temperature control device; 301. a dichroic mirror; 302. a light filter; 401. a radio frequency control unit; 402. the optical path is operated.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, an operation device for time division multiplexing includes:
the optical modulation module 100 is used for modulating the seed to generate at least one laser with a required sideband and realizing the time sequence control of the laser sideband, and the seed laser can be used for separating one path of unmodulated laser for frequency stabilization;
specifically, in the present embodiment, the optical modulation module 100 includes an optical modulation device 102, where the optical modulation device 102 is configured to modulate the seed laser light to form at least one desired sideband; the optical modulation device 102 in this embodiment employs an electro-optical modulator EOM;
it should be noted that, in this embodiment, the EOM adjustment sideband range of the electro-optical modulator is greater than 1kHz and less than 100GHz; the specific modulation frequency depends on the signal frequency of the radio frequency drive;
in addition, the strength and frequency of the sidebands can be controlled by an external signal to switch;
the device also comprises a radio frequency driving unit 103, wherein the radio frequency driving unit 103 is used for providing radio frequency driving signals with different intensities, frequencies and phases for the optical modulation device 102 to rapidly switch so as to realize the time sequence control of the laser sidebands; the acting object of the radio frequency driving unit 103 may be an electro-optical modulator or an acousto-optic modulator;
it should be noted that, the rf driving unit 103 is configured to provide a required rf driving signal, and the amplitude, phase and frequency of the rf driving signal can be adjusted; it can also be controlled by external signals to switch different frequencies, phases and amplitudes;
the frequency conversion module 200 is used for frequency-converting the modulated seed laser with sidebands into laser with at least one other wave band with required frequency;
specifically, in the present embodiment, the frequency conversion module 200 includes a laser amplifier 201, where the laser amplifier 201 is configured to amplify the modulated seed light to the light intensity required for frequency conversion of the laser;
the device further comprises at least one frequency conversion crystal 202, wherein the frequency conversion crystal 202 is used for converting the seed light frequency into laser light of other wave bands of required frequencies, and the laser light of other wave bands comprises but is not limited to infrared light, near infrared light, visible light, near ultraviolet light, ultraviolet laser or extreme ultraviolet light and combinations thereof;
it should be noted that, the frequency conversion module 200 includes, but is not limited to, any process of performing optical frequency conversion, such as sum frequency, double frequency, triple frequency, quadruple frequency, higher order double frequency, and difference frequency;
also comprises a temperature control device 203, wherein the temperature control device 203 is used for adjusting the temperature of the frequency conversion crystal 202 to obtain maximum efficiency;
the laser separation module 300, the laser separation module 300 is used for separating the laser with different frequencies in the frequency conversion module 200;
specifically, in the present embodiment, the laser separation module 300 includes, but is not limited to, a beam splitting optical path composed of a plurality of dichroic mirrors 301 and filters 302, gratings, prisms, and combinations thereof, for separating laser light of different wavelength bands generated by frequency conversion;
as an example, seed light is used for laser frequency stabilization, triple frequency or quadruple frequency laser is used for cooling, initializing, state detecting of the ion or atomic qubit 500; frequency doubling can be used to achieve raman operation of the qubits;
the operation module 400 is used for controlling the separated needed laser and realizing the control of the time sequence and the space distribution of the operation laser, and is used for operating the ion or atomic quantum bit 500;
specifically, in the present embodiment, the operation module 400 includes a radio frequency control unit 401, where the radio frequency control unit 401 is used for controlling the operation laser, including switching, frequency and intensity control; the radio frequency control unit 401 is an AOM radio frequency unit;
it may be noted that the radio frequency control unit 401 is configured to provide a plurality of sets of radio frequency signals with different configurations (frequencies and intensities); the different configurations can be switched by an external trigger signal, and the switching time is fixed and less than 1 microsecond;
the operation module 400 further comprises an operation light path 402, wherein the operation light path 402 uses an optical modulation device to realize rapid control of frequency, phase, amplitude and time sequence of operation laser, and uses an objective lens to align and focus the needed laser on ions or atoms to realize the operation of qubits;
the light modulation device comprises an electro-optic modulator, an acousto-optic deflector, a spatial light modulator, a micromirror array and a combination thereof;
operations include laser cooling, quantum state initialization, quantum state transfer, quantum state stimulated raman transition operations or state detection, and combinations thereof;
specifically, the operation optical path 402 includes, but is not limited to, an acousto-optic modulator AOM, an acousto-optic deflector AOD, a spatial light modulator SLM, a digital micromirror array DMD, and the like in the present embodiment;
the seed laser source 101 is used for emitting seed light, and is modulated to serve as initial excitation of laser amplification and frequency conversion; seed laser source 101 may also be used for frequency stabilization; the seed laser source 101 is a fiber laser, which is used for emitting infrared seed light, and may also be used for frequency stabilization.
Examples
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention is a method for controlling an operation device of time division multiplexing, comprising the following steps:
s100, adjusting and stabilizing the seed light to required power and frequency;
s200, modulating seed light by an optical modulation module 100 to generate laser containing at least one required sideband, switching the frequency, amplitude, phase and quantity of radio frequency driving signals of a radio frequency driving unit 103 by a set control time sequence, and applying the radio frequency driving signals to an optical modulation device 102 by the radio frequency driving unit 103 to realize modulation switching of the frequency, amplitude, phase and quantity of the sideband of the seed light, thereby realizing time sequence control of the laser sideband;
s300, after the modulated seed laser with sidebands is amplified, the modulated seed laser is converted into at least one required laser frequency through a frequency conversion module 200, and the converted laser has the required sidebands;
s400, using a laser separation module 300 to separate lasers with different wave bands generated by the frequency conversion module into different operation lasers;
s500, the radio frequency control unit 401 in the operation module 400 is used to control the optical modulation device to perform time sequence control and switch on the separated operation laser, and change the frequency, amplitude and phase of the operation laser, where the operation laser is aligned to different ions or atoms through the operation optical path 402 and is used for the operation of the ion or atom qubit 500.
Examples
Referring to fig. 3-7, a method for operating a time division multiplexing operation device includes the following steps:
the infrared seed light is generated by a 1108nm fiber laser and modulated by a 20G bandwidth fiber EOM;
specifically, in the present embodiment, the rf driving unit 103 can provide fast switching of rf driving signals with different intensities of 14.7G, 12.6G, and 2.1G;
the infrared light is amplified and frequency-doubled by adopting a laser amplifier 201 and a frequency conversion crystal 202 to obtain frequency-doubled 554nm laser;
specifically, in this embodiment, when the EOM modulation frequency is 12.6G, the frequency-doubled light is used to implement raman operation;
the frequency doubling 554nm laser and the modulated 1108nm laser are subjected to frequency summation to obtain 369.5nm laser;
specifically, in the present embodiment, ion cooling is achieved when the EOM modulation frequency is 14.7G; implementing state initialization when the EOM modulation frequency is 2.1G; state detection is achieved when there is no modulated signal.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A time division multiplexed operation device comprising:
the optical modulation module (100) is used for modulating the seeds to generate laser with at least one required sideband and realizing the time sequence control of the laser sideband;
a frequency conversion module (200), wherein the frequency conversion module (200) is used for converting the modulated seed laser frequency with sidebands into lasers with at least one other wave band with required frequencies;
a laser separation module (300), the laser separation module (300) being configured to separate lasers of different frequencies in the frequency conversion module;
the operation module (400) is used for controlling the separated needed laser and realizing the control of time sequence and space distribution of the operation laser and is used for operating the ion or atomic quantum bit (500);
the light modulation module (100) comprises a light modulation device (102), wherein the light modulation device (102) is used for modulating seed laser light to at least one required sideband; the optical modulation module (100) further comprises a radio frequency driving unit (103), wherein the radio frequency driving unit (103) is used for providing the optical modulation device (102) with rapid switching of radio frequency driving signals with different intensities, frequencies and phases so as to realize the time sequence control of the laser sidebands;
the time division multiplexing operation device comprises the following steps when performing optical operation:
adjusting and stabilizing the seed light to the required power and frequency;
modulating seed light by an optical modulation module (100) to generate laser containing at least one required sideband, switching the frequency, amplitude, phase and quantity of radio frequency driving signals of a radio frequency driving unit (103) by a set control time sequence, and applying the radio frequency driving signals to an optical modulation device (102) to realize modulation switching of the frequency, amplitude, phase and quantity of the sidebands of the seed light, thereby realizing time sequence control of the laser sidebands;
after the modulated seed laser with sidebands is amplified, the modulated seed laser is converted into at least one required laser frequency through a frequency conversion module (200), and the converted laser has the required sidebands;
the laser separation module (300) is used for separating lasers with different wave bands generated by the frequency conversion module (200) into different operation lasers;
the radio frequency control unit (401) in the operation module (400) is used for controlling the optical modulation device to perform time sequence control and switching on the separated operation laser, the frequency, the amplitude and the phase of the operation laser are changed, and the operation laser is aligned to different ions or atoms through the operation optical path (402) and is used for the operation of the ion or atom quantum bit (500).
2. A time division multiplexed operation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency conversion module (200) comprises a laser amplifier (201) and a frequency conversion crystal (202), the laser amplifier (201) being adapted to amplify the modulated seed light to a light intensity required for laser frequency conversion.
3. A time division multiplexed operation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the frequency conversion module (200) further comprises at least one frequency conversion crystal (202), each frequency conversion crystal (202) being adapted to effect conversion of the seed light frequency to laser light of other wavelength bands of desired frequencies, including infrared light, near infrared light, visible light, near ultraviolet light, ultraviolet laser light or extreme ultraviolet light, and combinations thereof.
4. A time division multiplexing operation device according to claim 3, characterized in that the laser separation module (300) comprises a plurality of dichroic mirrors (301) and a beam splitting optical path composed of filters (302), gratings, prisms and combinations thereof for separating laser light of different wavelength bands generated by frequency conversion.
5. The time division multiplexing operation device according to claim 4, wherein the operation module (400) includes a radio frequency control unit (401), and the radio frequency control unit (401) is configured to operate timing control of the laser.
6. A time division multiplexed operation device according to claim 5, characterized in that the operation module (400) comprises an operation light path (402), said operation light path (402) using an optical modulation device to achieve fast control of frequency, phase, amplitude, timing of the operation laser and using an objective lens for aligning and focusing the desired laser onto ions or atoms to achieve operation of the qubit;
the light modulation device comprises an electro-optical modulator, an acousto-optic deflector, a spatial light modulator, a micromirror array and a combination thereof;
the operations include laser cooling, quantum state initialization, quantum state transfer, quantum state stimulated raman transition operations or state detection, and combinations thereof.
7. A time division multiplexed operation device according to claim 1, further comprising a seed laser source (101), said seed laser source (101) for emitting seed light, modulated as an initial excitation for laser amplification and frequency conversion;
the seed laser source (101) is also used for frequency stabilization.
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