CN116754743A - Method and system for determining combustible material amount of shrubs - Google Patents
Method and system for determining combustible material amount of shrubs Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the combustible material amount of shrubs, which comprises the following steps: sampling a standard shrub forest by adopting a layered typical sampling method aiming at the combustible material load of the conventional shrub forest, and estimating the combustible material load to obtain a first shrub forest combustible material load determination value; comparing the combustible material load of the reference experimental shrubs, and estimating the combustible material load of the same shrubs in the same standard shrubs based on a mechanical distribution method to obtain a second shrubs combustible material load determination value; obtaining a difference between the first and second determined values of the combustible material loading of the shrubs, and taking the first determined value of the combustible material loading of the shrubs or the second determined value of the combustible material loading of the shrubs as the final combustible material loading of the shrubs when the difference is less than a preset threshold; otherwise, repeating the above two steps again. Corresponding systems, electronic devices and computer readable storage media are also disclosed, the numerical value difference threshold value of the two linear research methods is verified, and a high-precision brush forest combustible material load estimated value is obtained based on a small sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of shrub combustible material load determination and forest fire risk prevention and control, in particular to a shrub combustible material load determination method and system.
Background
Three requirements for forest fire formation are forest combustibles, fire sources and weather strips. Where forest combustibles are the fundamental substance for the occurrence and development of forest fires, all combustible substances in the forest (dead land plants, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.) are called forest combustibles. The combustible load is one of the representative of forest combustibles, and is the absolute dry mass of the combustibles per unit area including all organic matters in the forest. The size of the combustible material loading also influences the development speed, the spreading speed, the fire intensity, the flame height and other forest fire behaviors of the forest fire, and the method for mastering and measuring the combustible material loading in the forest is of great significance for preventing and suppressing the forest fire.
The shrub forest is an important component in the ecological system, and is a vegetation type of a relatively short forest seed taking shrubs as main materials, mixed with small arbor and herbaceous plants. The shrubs are also applied to important fields such as agricultural raw materials, forestry chemical industry, ecological construction, urban greening and the like. Therefore, the fire disaster of the shrubs is also worth paying attention, and the study of the combustible material load of the shrubs is more specific because the shrubs have special morphological and appearance, special physicochemical properties and special distribution characteristics. The method has the advantages that the combustible material load of the shrub forest is large, the combustion intensity of the shrub forest fire is high, the forest fire spreading speed is high, once the fire is extremely easy to cause large or extremely deep forest fire, the economic loss and life threat caused by people in vast forest areas are difficult to predict, the investigation method of the combustible material load can be mastered in forest fire prevention and extinguishment work, the combustible material load can be estimated quickly and accurately, the current existing combustible material quantity in the forest and the maximum accumulation quantity of the combustible material in a stable state can be mastered, and the method is convenient for improving the efficiency of evaluating the planned burning in the combustible material management, and is helpful for forecasting the forest fire risk, forecasting the forest fire behavior and planning the burning of the surface combustible material.
Prior art for determining forest combustible loads include:
(1) Estimating the forest combustible load by using an SPSS statistical software system by using the forest stand characteristic factors; in the research of predicting the combustible material load of the forest land by using the stand factors, carrying out regression analysis on different combustible material loads and the stand factors, analyzing the stand factors such as tree species composition, gradient, slope breast diameter, tree height, forest age, canopy density and the like, and pushing out different combustible material loads by using the stand factors;
(2) Determining the combustible charge, comprising: direct estimation, standard mechanical point distribution, spline section, model estimation, photo estimation, disk ground investigation and remote sensing image method;
(3) A combustible material model is adopted to provide a mathematical model for measuring and calculating the combustible material load and the potential fire behavior of the forest;
(4) According to the law that the combustible material load changes along with the change of the age of the forest in the forest, a dynamic model of the combustible material of the shrubs in the California area is provided, and a dynamic model of the combustible material load is established, wherein the model analyzes the relation between hidden danger and weed load in the initial stage of fire, and the propagation speed, the growth speed and the relative continuity of the shrubs in 20 years after the fire;
(5) Estimating formula of ground cover material capacity: w=4431×e0.008ha, where HA is chest height cross-sectional area;
(6) Carrying out related research on a dynamic mathematical model of the loading capacity of the combustible and aiming at factors influencing the loading capacity of the combustible;
(7) And (3) measuring tree height by using advanced equipment of the laser radar, and establishing an estimation model of the combustible material load by combining forest resource checking data.
(8) The method establishes a model for estimating the combustible material load by the stand factor, and provides a better method for measuring the combustible material load.
However, the ground sample investigation amount required by the current investigation method is very large, and the investigation precision is low, so that how to take a small amount of ground sample investigation, and the prediction of the combustible material load of the shrubs is performed by using the prior art, and the investigation precision is maximally satisfied on the premise of reducing the ground investigation workload as much as possible. In addition, the loading of the combustible matters in the shrubs also determines the condition of forest fire behaviors, and the shrubs (clusters) have special morphological and appearance, special physicochemical properties and special distribution characteristics, so that the method has more specificity in the research of the combustible matter loading of the shrubs. Although the number of investigation and research on the combustible material load of the shrubs is small, the investigation and research on the combustible material load of the shrubs are not innovative, and have great practical significance in the protection and application of the shrubs (clusters). Therefore, the investigation method for mastering the combustible material amount of various shrubs plays a very important role in forecasting the occurrence of shrubs (clusters) fire, forecasting the fire behavior, putting out and protecting the economic benefit brought by shrubs resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for determining the combustible material load of a shrub forest, which are used for determining the combustible material load of the shrub forest and performing cross verification to obtain the combustible material load determining quantity of the shrub forest, wherein the first method is to adopt a layered typical sampling method for researching the combustible material load of a conventional shrub forest and estimate the combustible material load of a shrub standard forest; the second method is a mechanical distribution method for researching the combustible content of the reference experimental shrubs, and the combustible content estimation is carried out on the same standard shrubs.
In one aspect, the invention provides a method for determining the combustible material load of a shrub forest, comprising the following steps:
s1, sampling a standard shrub forest by adopting a layered typical sampling method aiming at the combustible material load of a conventional shrub forest, and estimating the combustible material load based on the sampling to obtain a first shrub forest combustible material load determination value;
s2, comparing the combustible material load of the reference experimental shrubs, and estimating the combustible material load of the same shrubs in the same standard shrubs based on a mechanical distribution method to obtain a determined value of the combustible material load of a second shrubs;
s3, obtaining a difference value between the first and second determined values of the combustible material load of the shrubs, and taking the determined value of the combustible material load of the first or second shrubs as the final combustible material load of the shrubs when the difference value is smaller than a preset threshold value; otherwise, repeating S1-S2 again.
Preferably, the shrub sample formula investigation content corresponding to the layering typical sampling method comprises average height, average crown width, average ground diameter, plant number cluster number, average coverage, fresh weight of shrubs in the sample formula, fresh weight of samples, dry weight of samples and combustible matter load in the sample formula.
Preferably, the hierarchical representative sampling method includes:
(1) Collecting combustible matters of shrubs and measuring fresh weight;
(2) A sample of shrubs in the shrub combustible is collected.
Preferably, the estimating the combustible load in S1 based on the sampling includes:
(1) Preparing an estimated site: the method comprises the steps that an estimated site is selected to be clean and tidy, independent rooms with good ventilation are arranged, and an air drying room, a drying room and a sample preparation room are arranged; the sample preparation tool is required to be provided with an electronic balance, a constant temperature oven and an aluminum box;
(2) Determination of shrub samples: the shrub samples collected after the standard land investigation are carried to an estimated site as soon as possible for drying measurement; placing the returned shrub combustible material sample in an air drying chamber of an estimation site for ventilation, so that the shrub combustible material sample is naturally air-dried to prevent decay;
the collected and returned estimation sites are subjected to dry-fresh ratio measurement, samples of each sample site number are respectively and independently stored, records on a sample bag are uniformly transcribed on a dry-fresh ratio measurement table, and the dry-fresh ratio calculation formula is as follows:
dry to fresh ratio = sample dry weight/sample fresh weight (1);
(3) Estimating the combustible load of the shrubs:
based on the number of shrubs (clusters) on the sample side, the fresh weight of the sample and the dry weight data of the sample, the total dry weight of shrubs is calculated according to the following formula:
standard total dry weight = dry fresh ratio x standard total fresh weight of shrubs (2);
total dry weight of sample shrubs = number of sample shrubs (clusters) x total dry weight of standard shrubs
(3)；
The bush is calculated by the following formula:
standard total dry weight = dry fresh ratio x standard total fresh weight of the brush (4);
total dry weight of samples Fang Guancong = number of square shrubs (clumps) of samples x total dry weight of standard shrubs
(5)；
The total dry weight (kg) of the shrubs of all the sample parties is calculated, and the combustible material load per unit area is calculated as a first shrub combustible material load determination value according to the following method:
combustible loading of shrubs (t/hm) 2 ) Total dry weight of all standard shrubs/(number of shrubs)
X sample area) X (10000/1000) (6)
Wherein the sample area unit is m 2 。
Preferably, the S2 includes:
s21, a mechanical point distribution method is adopted to survey and lay a reference experiment shrub standard land;
s22, adopting a mechanical point distribution method to lay and configure a shrub sample plot in a reference experiment shrub standard plot;
s23, sampling is conducted in comparison with a reference experiment, wherein the content of the sampling comprises average height, average crown width, average ground diameter, plant number cluster number, average coverage, fresh weight of sample shrubs, fresh weight of samples, dry weight of samples and combustible material load of sample places;
s24, estimating the combustible material load in the same standard bush forest based on a mechanical distribution method.
Preferably, the S23 includes:
(1) Collecting combustible matters of the reference experimental shrubs and measuring fresh weight;
(2) Control reference experimental shrub samples were collected.
Preferably, the S24 includes:
(1) A control reference laboratory was prepared: a clean and tidy independent room with good ventilation is selected by a reference laboratory, and three rooms of an air drying room, a drying room and a sample preparation room are arranged. The sample preparation tool is required to be provided with an electronic balance, a constant temperature oven and an aluminum box;
(2) Assay control reference experimental samples: and collecting a sample in the sample prescription, and carrying the sample to a laboratory for drying and measuring. Placing the returned shrub combustible sample in a laboratory air drying room for ventilation, so that the shrub combustible sample is naturally air-dried to prevent decay; the collected sample needs to be subjected to water content measurement, and the water content of the combustible matters in the shrubs is calculated; the calculation formula of the water content of the combustible matters in the shrubs is as follows:
relative water content = (fresh sample weight-dry sample weight)/dry sample weight x 100% (7)
(3) Calculation of control reference experimental shrub combustible load:
calculating the total fresh weight (kg) of the shrubs of all the sample sides in the standard, and calculating the combustible material load per unit area as a second shrub combustible material load determination value according to the following formula (8):
bush forest combustible load (t/hm 2) =sample total fresh weight× (1-relative water content)
(8)
A second aspect of the present invention provides a shrub combustible material load determination system comprising:
a first shrub combustible material load determining module (101) for sampling a shrub standard forest by adopting a layered typical sampling method aiming at the conventional shrub combustible material load, and estimating the combustible material load based on the sampling to obtain a first shrub combustible material load determining value;
a second shrub combustible material load determining module (102) for comparing the combustible material load of the reference experimental shrub forest, and estimating the combustible material load of the same shrub standard forest based on a mechanical distribution method to obtain a second shrub combustible material load determining value;
a comparison and determination module (103) for obtaining a difference between the first and second determined values of the combustible material amounts of the shrubs, and when the difference is smaller than a preset threshold, regarding the first or second determined value of the combustible material amount of the shrubs as the final combustible material amount of the shrubs.
A third aspect of the invention provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a plurality of instructions, the processor being for reading the instructions and performing the method according to the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions readable by a processor and for performing the method of the first aspect.
The method, the system, the electronic equipment and the computer readable storage medium provided by the invention have the following beneficial technical effects:
performing threshold value verification on the numerical value difference value obtained by the two methods of linear research, and performing cross verification to improve estimation accuracy, wherein the method is simple in a larger range and obtains the combustible material load of the shrubs based on a small sample; the method is simple, the tree species of the shrubs in the forest are single, the precision of the measured combustible material load of the shrubs is high, and the estimated value is close to the real value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of determining the combustible content of a shrub forest in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a shrub-like plot in a control reference experimental shrub standard plot shown in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for determining the combustible content of a shrub forest in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for determining the combustible material amount of a shrub forest, including:
s1, sampling a standard shrub forest by adopting a layered typical sampling method aiming at the combustible material load of a conventional shrub forest, and estimating the combustible material load based on the sampling to obtain a first shrub forest combustible material load determination value;
as a preferred embodiment, the shrub side investigation content corresponding to the hierarchical typical sampling method is shown in table 1.
Table 1 shrub sample side survey content
As a preferred embodiment, the hierarchical exemplary sampling method includes:
(1) Collecting combustible matters of shrubs and measuring fresh weight;
in this example, the dominant species, coverage, crown size, number of plants (number of clusters), average height, etc. of shrubs (clusters) were investigated. The dominant species of the shrubs in the standard are shrub willow (Salix saposhnikovii) and honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), shrubs with 3 shrubs with average crown width in the sample are selected, and the average shrub fresh weight and the sample weight are measured by a full harvest method.
(2) Collecting a shrub sample in the shrub combustible;
in this embodiment, the sample collection method includes: mixing 3 standard shrubs (1-2 clusters) selected from each sample, respectively taking 10% -20% of the same mass ratio of the trunk, branch and leaf of each cluster shrub (by weighing, ensuring that the sampling of the trunk, branch and leaf is the same as the total mass ratio of the trunk, branch and leaf of each standard shrub), respectively mixing and sampling 3 sample sides in the same standard according to shrub tree species, weighing fresh weight of each mixed shrub combustible sample by an electronic balance, weighing to be accurate to 10g, and measuring the water content (dry-fresh ratio) of shrubs of the sample side in a laboratory. After the samples are collected, the collected samples are respectively placed into sample bags (sample bags are marked with sample place numbers and sample names), labels (key contents such as the sample place numbers, the sample numbers, the collection places, the sample types and the collection dates are clearly marked on the labels) are marked with different numbers, and records are made on a sample record table. The details of the sample recording table are shown in table 2 below.
When filling the shrub standard wood sampling record list, attention should be paid to the mixed sampling of shrub standard wood tree species taken by all shrub sample sides of the standard, the details of the sample place number, sample number and sample shrub tree species name filling of the shrub sampling are recorded, the fresh weight of the sample is the fresh weight of the sample weighed by the mixed sampling in the field, the dry weight of the sample is the dry weight of the sample after being dried in a laboratory, and the unit is recorded in grams (g).
Table 2 shrub standard wood sampling record table
As a preferred embodiment, the estimating the combustible load in S1 based on the sampling includes:
(1) Site preparation for estimation
The estimated site is a clean and tidy independent room with good ventilation, and three rooms of an air drying room, a drying room and a sample preparation room are arranged. The sample preparation tool needs to be equipped with an electronic balance, a constant temperature oven, an aluminum box, etc.
(2) Determination of shrub samples
The shrub samples collected after the standard ground investigation are taken to an estimated site as soon as possible for drying measurement. And (3) placing the returned shrub combustible material sample in an air drying chamber of the estimation site for ventilation, so that the shrub combustible material sample is naturally air-dried to prevent decay.
And the collected and returned estimation sites are subjected to dry-fresh ratio measurement, samples of each sample site number are respectively and independently stored, records on a sample bag are uniformly transcribed on a dry-fresh ratio measurement table, and an aluminum box is uniformly used when the samples are dried, so that the experimental safety is ensured. The fresh weight and dry weight of the samples are weighed respectively, and are sequentially filled into the table, and the dry-fresh ratio of the combustible shrubs is calculated as shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 3 Dry/fresh ratio measurement recording Table
The calculation formula is as follows:
dry to fresh ratio = dry weight of sample ≡fresh weight of sample (1)
(3) Estimating combustible load of shrubs
The total dry weight of shrubs was calculated based on the number of shrubs (clumps) in the sample, the fresh weight of the sample, and the dry weight data of the sample according to the following formula.
Standard shrub total dry weight = dry fresh ratio x standard shrub total fresh weight (2)
Total dry weight of sample square shrubs = number of sample square shrubs (clusters) x total dry weight of standard shrubs (3)
The bush is calculated by the following formula:
standard brush total dry weight = dry fresh ratio x standard brush total fresh weight (4)
Sample Fang Guancong total dry weight = number of sample square shrubs (clumps) x standard shrubs total dry weight (5)
The total dry weight (kg) of the shrubs of all the sample parties is calculated, and the combustible material load per unit area is calculated as a first shrub combustible material load determination value according to the following method:
combustible loading of shrubs (t/hm) 2 ) Total dry weight of all standard shrubs/(number of shrubs)
X sample area) X (10000/1000) (6)
Wherein the sample area unit is m 2 。
S2, comparing the combustible material load of the reference experimental shrubs, and estimating the combustible material load of the same shrubs in the same standard shrubs based on a mechanical distribution method to obtain a determined value of the combustible material load of a second shrubs;
as a preferred embodiment, the S2 includes:
s21, investigating and laying a reference experimental shrub standard land;
in this embodiment, the control experiment adopts a mechanical dotting method to study a shrub (cluster) in the field to set a mu (25.82 m×25.82 m) of sample areas, wherein the number of sample areas is 5, 1m×1m of sample areas 1 block are set at the center of each sample area, 1m×1m of sample areas 1 block are set at four directions of southwest direction, northwest direction, northeast direction and southeast direction, the average height, density, terrain gradient and other elements of the surface combustible in each sample area are recorded, all the combustible objects in the range of the sample areas are collected, the fresh weight of the combustible objects is weighed by an electronic balance in the field, and the total fresh weight of the combustible objects is recorded. 100g of combustible material is weighed on site as a sample, filled into a sampling bag and brought back to a laboratory, the sample is dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ by setting an oven until the mass is not changed, the mass of the sample is weighed again by an electronic balance, and the mass of the dried sample is recorded.
S22, laying and configuring shrub-like plots in a reference experimental shrub standard plot;
in this example, the combustible methods were investigated against a reference experimental sample. The method of mechanical distribution is adopted, the same shrub standard place as 3.1 experiment is selected, a mu (25.82 m multiplied by 25.82 m) of sample land is arranged in the shrub (cluster) in the research place, 5 pieces of 1m multiplied by 1m of sample land are arranged in the sample land, 1 piece of 1m multiplied by 1m of sample land is respectively arranged in four directions of the center, the southwest direction, the northwest direction, the northeast direction and the southeast direction of the sample land, and the specific situation of the sample land is shown in figure 2. The sample directions of the investigation center are numbered as sample direction 1, and the sample directions in the clockwise direction from the northwest direction, the northeast direction, the southeast direction and the southwest direction are respectively numbered as sample direction 2, sample direction 3, sample direction 4 and sample direction 5. Taking a picture of each sample party, taking a far view picture, a near view picture and a top view overall picture, and taking two groups of pictures such as the top view picture of the sample party, the top view picture of the sample party after the sample party is collected and the like before and after the combustible material is collected;
and 5, respectively inserting a wood rod into the southwest corners of the sample sides to determine positions, and enclosing the wood rod as a starting point along the north direction, the east direction, the south direction and the west direction to form a square with the side length of 1m multiplied by 1 m. And measuring angles by using a level meter, measuring the distance by using a tape, and recording factors such as slope direction, gradient, slope position, altitude and the like of the sample land, wherein the perimeter closure difference is smaller than 0.5%.
S23, sampling by contrast with a reference experiment;
sample methods were taken for investigating combustible load of shrubs, the standard dominant species of shrubs being shrub willow (Salix saposhnikovii) and honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), the details of the investigation being given in table 4 below, and the investigation data were recorded.
Table 4 shrub sample side survey content
As a preferred embodiment, the S23 includes:
(1) Collecting combustible matters of the reference experimental shrubs and measuring fresh weight;
in this example, the dominant species, coverage, crown size, number of plants (number of clusters), average height, etc. of shrubs (clusters) were investigated. Collecting all the shrubs combustible materials in the sample, weighing the sum of the fresh weight and the mass of the combustible materials on site, and recording the total fresh weight. The average bush fresh weight and sample weight were determined using a full harvest method.
(2) Control reference experiment shrub sample collection
The sample collection method comprises the following steps: the shrub combustible samples in 5 sample sides are respectively weighed to 200g, and the fresh weight is weighed by an electronic balance to be accurate to 10g, so that the shrub combustible samples are taken back to a laboratory to measure the water content (dry-fresh ratio) of the shrubs in the sample sides. After the samples are collected, the collected samples are respectively placed into sample bags (sample bags are marked with sample place numbers and sample names), labels (key contents such as the sample place numbers, the sample numbers, the collection places, the sample types and the collection dates are clearly marked on the labels) are marked with different numbers, and records are made on a sample record table. The details of the sample recording table are shown in table 5 below.
When filling the reference test shrub standard wood sampling record list, attention should be paid to the mixed sampling of the shrub standard wood tree species taken by all shrub sample sides of the standard, the details of the sample place number, sample number and sample shrub tree species name filling of the shrub sampling are recorded, the fresh weight of the sample is the fresh weight of the sample weighed by the mixed sampling in the field, the dry weight of the sample is the dry mass of the sample after being dried in a laboratory, and the unit is recorded in grams (g).
Table 5 reference experimental shrub standard wood sample record table
S24, carrying out combustible material load estimation on the same piece of shrub standard forest based on a mechanical distribution method, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Preparing a control reference laboratory;
in this example, a clean and tidy independent room with good ventilation was selected in comparison with the reference laboratory, and three rooms of an air drying room, a drying room and a sample preparation room were set. The sample preparation tool needs to be equipped with an electronic balance, a constant temperature oven, an aluminum box, etc.
(2) Determining a control reference experimental sample;
in this example, a sample in the sample block was collected and taken to the laboratory for dry measurement. And (3) placing the returned shrub combustible sample in a laboratory air drying room for ventilation, so that the shrub combustible sample is naturally air-dried to prevent decay.
The collected samples with the back need to be subjected to water content measurement, the samples of each sample area number are respectively and independently stored, the records on the sample bags are uniformly transcribed on a control reference experiment water content measurement table, and the aluminum boxes are uniformly used when the samples are dried, so that the experiment safety is ensured. The fresh weight and the dry weight of the samples are respectively weighed and sequentially filled into a control reference experiment water content measurement record table 6, and the water content of the combustible matters of the shrubs is calculated.
Table 6 comparative reference test moisture content determination record table
The calculation formula of the water content of the combustible matters in the shrubs is as follows:
relative water content = (fresh sample weight-dry sample weight)/dry sample weight x 100% (7)
(3) Calculation of control reference experimental shrub combustible load:
calculating the total fresh weight (kg) of the shrubs of all the sample sides in the standard, and calculating the combustible material load per unit area as a second shrub combustible material load determination value according to the following formula (8):
bush forest combustible load (t/hm 2) =sample total fresh weight× (1-relative water content) (8)
S3, obtaining a difference value between the first and second determined values of the combustible material load of the shrubs, and taking the determined value of the combustible material load of the first or second shrubs as the final combustible material load of the shrubs when the difference value is smaller than a preset threshold value; otherwise, repeating S1-S2 again.
As a preferred embodiment, the preset threshold is obtained with reference to the experience of the forestry practitioner or to a related national specification, as long as it is within reasonable limits, both absolute threshold and relative threshold percentage (for example, relative error less than 10%) are conceivable to those skilled in the art, and are within the scope of the present invention.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a system for determining the combustible material amount of a shrub forest, comprising:
the first shrub combustible material load determining module 101 is configured to sample a shrub standard forest by adopting a hierarchical typical sampling method according to a conventional shrub combustible material load, and estimate the combustible material load based on the sampling to obtain a first shrub combustible material load determining value;
a second shrub combustible material load determining module 102, configured to compare the combustible material load of the reference experimental shrub, perform combustible material load estimation on the same shrub standard forest based on the mechanical distribution method, and obtain a second shrub combustible material load determining value;
the comparison and determination module 103 is configured to obtain a difference between the first and second determined values of the combustible material load of the shrubs, and when the difference is smaller than a preset threshold, take the first or second determined value of the combustible material load of the shrubs as the final combustible material load of the shrubs.
The invention also provides a memory storing a plurality of instructions for implementing the method according to embodiment one.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor 301 and a memory 302 connected to the processor 301, where the memory 302 stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions may be loaded and executed by the processor, so that the processor can perform the method according to the embodiment.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining the combustible load of a shrub, comprising:
s1, sampling a standard shrub forest by adopting a layered typical sampling method aiming at the combustible material load of a conventional shrub forest, and estimating the combustible material load based on the sampling to obtain a first shrub forest combustible material load determination value;
s2, comparing the combustible material load of the reference experimental shrubs, and estimating the combustible material load of the same shrubs in the same standard shrubs based on a mechanical distribution method to obtain a determined value of the combustible material load of a second shrubs;
s3, obtaining a difference value between the first and second determined values of the combustible material load of the shrubs, and taking the determined value of the combustible material load of the first or second shrubs as the final combustible material load of the shrubs when the difference value is smaller than a preset threshold value; otherwise, repeating S1-S2 again.
2. The method for determining the combustible load of shrubs according to claim 1, wherein the shrub sample investigation corresponding to the layered representative sampling method comprises average height, average crown width, average ground diameter, plant number cluster, average coverage, fresh weight of shrubs of the shrubs, fresh weight of the samples, dry weight of the samples and combustible load of the plot.
3. A method of determining the combustible charge of a shrub as claimed in claim 2 wherein the hierarchical representative sampling method comprises:
(1) Collecting combustible matters of shrubs and measuring fresh weight;
(2) A sample of shrubs in the shrub combustible is collected.
4. A method of determining the combustible load of a shrub as claimed in claim 3 wherein said estimating the combustible load in S1 based on said sampling comprises:
(1) Preparing an estimated site: the method comprises the steps that an estimated site is selected to be clean and tidy, independent rooms with good ventilation are arranged, and an air drying room, a drying room and a sample preparation room are arranged; the sample preparation tool is required to be provided with an electronic balance, a constant temperature oven and an aluminum box;
(2) Determination of shrub samples: the shrub samples collected after the standard land investigation are carried to an estimated site as soon as possible for drying measurement; placing the returned shrub combustible material sample in an air drying chamber of an estimation site for ventilation, so that the shrub combustible material sample is naturally air-dried to prevent decay;
the collected and returned estimation sites are subjected to dry-fresh ratio measurement, samples of each sample site number are respectively and independently stored, records on a sample bag are uniformly transcribed on a dry-fresh ratio measurement table, and the dry-fresh ratio calculation formula is as follows:
dry to fresh ratio = sample dry weight/sample fresh weight (1);
(3) Estimating the combustible load of the shrubs:
based on the number of shrubs (clusters) on the sample side, the fresh weight of the sample and the dry weight data of the sample, the total dry weight of shrubs is calculated according to the following formula:
standard total dry weight = dry fresh ratio x standard total fresh weight of shrubs (2);
total dry weight of the sample bush = number of sample bush plants (clusters) x total dry weight of standard bush (3);
the bush is calculated by the following formula:
standard total dry weight = dry fresh ratio x standard total fresh weight of the brush (4);
sample Fang Guancong total dry weight = number of sample square shrubs (clumps) x standard shrubs total dry weight (5);
the total dry weight (kg) of the shrubs of all the sample parties is calculated, and the combustible material load per unit area is calculated as a first shrub combustible material load determination value according to the following method:
combustible loading of shrubs (t/hm) 2 ) Total dry weight of all shrubs in standard/(number of shrubs x area of samples) × (10000/1000) (6) where area of samples is in m 2 。
5. A method of determining the combustible charge of a shrub forest as claimed in claim 4 wherein S2 comprises:
s21, a mechanical point distribution method is adopted to survey and lay a reference experiment shrub standard land;
s22, adopting a mechanical point distribution method to lay and configure a shrub sample plot in a reference experiment shrub standard plot;
s23, sampling is conducted in comparison with a reference experiment, wherein the content of the sampling comprises average height, average crown width, average ground diameter, plant number cluster number, average coverage, fresh weight of sample shrubs, fresh weight of samples, dry weight of samples and combustible material load of sample places;
s24, estimating the combustible material load in the same standard bush forest based on a mechanical distribution method.
6. A method of determining the combustible charge of a shrub forest as claimed in claim 5 wherein S23 comprises:
(1) Collecting combustible matters of the reference experimental shrubs and measuring fresh weight;
(2) Control reference experimental shrub samples were collected.
7. The method for determining the combustible charge of a shrub forest according to claim 6, wherein S24 comprises:
(1) A control reference laboratory was prepared: selecting clean and tidy independent rooms with good ventilation by contrast with a reference laboratory, and setting three rooms of an air drying room, a drying room and a sample preparation room; the sample preparation tool is required to be provided with an electronic balance, a constant temperature oven and an aluminum box;
(2) Assay control reference experimental samples: collecting a sample in a sample prescription, and carrying out drying measurement in a laboratory; placing the returned shrub combustible sample in a laboratory air drying room for ventilation, so that the shrub combustible sample is naturally air-dried to prevent decay; the collected sample needs to be subjected to water content measurement, and the water content of the combustible matters in the shrubs is calculated; the calculation formula of the water content of the combustible matters in the shrubs is as follows:
relative water content = (fresh sample weight-dry sample weight)/dry sample weight x 100% (7)
(3) Calculation of control reference experimental shrub combustible load:
calculating the total fresh weight (kg) of the shrubs of all the sample sides in the standard, and calculating the combustible material load per unit area as a second shrub combustible material load determination value according to the following formula (8):
the combustible loading of shrubs (t/hm 2) =total fresh weight of the sample× (1-relative water content) (8).
8. A brushwood combustible load determination system for carrying out the method of any one of claims 1-7, comprising:
a first shrub combustible material load determining module (101) for sampling a shrub standard forest by adopting a layered typical sampling method aiming at the conventional shrub combustible material load, and estimating the combustible material load based on the sampling to obtain a first shrub combustible material load determining value;
a second shrub combustible material load determining module (102) for comparing the combustible material load of the reference experimental shrub forest, and estimating the combustible material load of the same shrub standard forest based on a mechanical distribution method to obtain a second shrub combustible material load determining value;
a comparison and determination module (103) for obtaining a difference between the first and second determined values of the combustible material amounts of the shrubs, and when the difference is smaller than a preset threshold, regarding the first or second determined value of the combustible material amount of the shrubs as the final combustible material amount of the shrubs.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a plurality of instructions, the processor to read the instructions and perform the method of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions readable by a processor and for performing the method of any one of claims 1-7.
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