CN116754166A - Combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device and method - Google Patents
Combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
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- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of human body impact protection performance test, and provides a combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device and method, which aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the head and neck model and the trunk model cannot be subjected to impact calibration, so that various impact data of the head and neck model and the trunk model cannot be obtained, and the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device and method comprise the following steps: the head and neck calibration module comprises a head and neck model, a circumference adjustment module, an inclination angle adjustment module, a left and right movement module, a base, a lifting module, a head and neck model frame and a head and neck calibration data processing module; the trunk calibration module comprises a chest model, a displacement sensor module, a position adjustment module, a trunk model frame and a trunk calibration data processing module. The invention can realize comprehensive impact calibration test of head and neck, trunk, helmet and protective vest, and can provide more convenient mode and sufficient reference for evaluating damage and protective performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of human body impact protection performance test, and particularly relates to a head, neck and trunk impact calibration test device and method.
Background
The conventional human body impact protection performance testing device generally comprises a head and neck model, a trunk model and an impact calibration mechanism, wherein the head and neck model comprises a head model and a neck model, and the impact calibration mechanism generally adopts a pendulum bob calibration mechanism. The head and neck model is used for detecting the impact resistance and the protection performance of the helmet, and the dynamic parameters of impact can be obtained through accurately measuring the data such as force load, transient acceleration, deflection angular speed of the head and neck model, and the dynamic impact damage assessment of the head and neck model is carried out, so that the protection performance of the helmet is reflected; the trunk model is a device for simulating human trunk to carry out blunt contusion test, is mainly used for detecting the performance of a trunk protecting device (such as a protecting vest), carries out blunt contusion evaluation on the trunk model through displacement, and confirms the protecting performance of the protecting device. In the test, the dynamic impact parameters of the pendulum bob can be obtained by setting parameters such as the weight of the pendulum bob, the initial angle and the like and accurately measuring the angular velocity, the acceleration sensor and the like, so that the impact performance of the head and neck model and the trunk model can be accurately calibrated. Therefore, establishing a corresponding head and neck model and torso model for impact protection performance testing of helmets and torso guards is a very important test.
In the prior art, various impact or strength tests are mainly carried out on the helmet and the trunk protection device in the test and experiment process of the helmet and the trunk protection device, but the helmet and the trunk protection device are used for protecting the head and the trunk of a human body, and the stress conditions of the head, the neck and the trunk of the helmet and the trunk protection device are synchronously tested, namely, the head neck model and the trunk model are subjected to impact calibration, so that impact data of the head, the neck and the trunk of the human body under the protection of the helmet can be obtained, and the protection performance of the helmet and the trunk protection device on the human body can be measured. And the trunk model belongs to consumable materials, fatigue deformation can be generated after multiple tests to influence the follow-up test precision, so that the displacement parameter obtained by testing the trunk model can also be used for evaluating the fatigue degree of the trunk model. However, in the prior art, a technical scheme for performing impact calibration on the head and neck model and the torso model is not disclosed, so that various impact data on the head and neck model and the torso model cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the impact calibration testing device integrating the head and neck model, the trunk model and the pendulum calibration mechanism, which can realize the functions of head and neck model pendulum impact calibration, trunk model pendulum impact calibration, helmet and protection vest blunt impact testing, protection vest high-speed impact testing and the like, and can obtain more testing data through multidirectional posture adjustment of the head and neck model and position movement of the trunk model so as to verify the relevant performance parameters of the head and neck model and the trunk model, and provide sufficient reference basis for better evaluating the protection performance of the human body injury and the protection device.
The invention provides a combined head, neck and trunk impact calibration testing device, which has the following specific technical scheme:
a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration testing device, comprising: a head and neck calibration module and a trunk calibration module; wherein the head and neck calibration module includes: the device comprises a head and neck model, a circumference adjusting module, an inclination angle adjusting module, a left and right moving module, a base, a lifting module, a head and neck model rack and a head and neck calibration data processing module; the trunk calibration module comprises: the device comprises a chest model, a displacement sensor module, a position adjustment module, a trunk model frame and a trunk calibration data processing module;
the head and neck model comprises a head model, a force measuring module, a head and neck sensor module and a neck model, wherein the force measuring module is arranged in a shell of the head model; the force measuring module is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module through a cable and is used for collecting impact force data received by the head model; the upper end of the neck model is fixedly connected with the head model through a head and neck sensor module, and the lower end of the neck model is connected with a circumference adjusting module; the head and neck sensor module is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module through a cable and is used for acquiring acceleration and inclination data between the head model and the neck model;
The lower end of the circumference adjusting module is connected with the inclination angle adjusting module, and the circumference adjusting module is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the neck model in the horizontal direction;
the lower end of the inclination angle adjusting module is connected with the left-right moving module and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the neck model in the front-back direction;
the lower end of the left-right moving module is connected with the base and used for adjusting the left-right position of the neck model;
the base is connected with the lifting module, and a wire passing through hole for passing through the connecting cable of the force measuring module and the head and neck sensor module is arranged at the upper end face of the base;
the lifting module is fixedly arranged on the head and neck model frame and used for adjusting the height of the head and neck calibration module;
the head and neck model frame adopts a frame structure, and the bottom of the head and neck model frame is provided with rollers and fixed foot seats for supporting and protecting the head and neck calibration module;
the head and neck calibration data processing module is fixedly arranged on the head and neck model frame and is used for processing the received impact force, acceleration and inclination angle data.
The chest mold model comprises a chest mold and a chest mold bracket; the chest mould is a hollow cylindrical part, a displacement sensor module is arranged in the chest mould, and the upper end and the lower end of the chest mould are respectively fixedly connected with the chest mould bracket; the chest model is used for simulating the trunk part of a human body in an impact calibration test;
The displacement sensor module is provided with a positioning bracket; the positioning bracket is fixedly provided with a laser displacement sensor and a reflective mirror; the displacement sensor module is used for collecting the impact deformation of the chest mold in the impact calibration test and transmitting the collected deformation signal to the trunk calibration data processing module through the cable;
the position adjusting module is arranged between the breast mould model and the trunk model frame and is used for adjusting the relative positions of the breast mould model and the trunk model frame up, down, left and right;
the trunk model frame adopts a frame structure, and the bottom of the trunk model frame is provided with movable casters and lifting foot seats; the lifting foot seat is provided with an adjusting hand wheel, and the height of the trunk calibration module can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting hand wheel; the trunk model frame is used for supporting and protecting the trunk calibration module;
the trunk calibration data processing module is fixedly arranged on the trunk model frame and is used for processing the received impact deformation signals of the chest model;
the head and neck calibration module and the trunk calibration module are connected and fixed with the head and neck model rack and the trunk model rack through the locking device to form a combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device, so that the head and neck, trunk, helmet and protection vest impact calibration comprehensive test can be carried out, and the head and neck or helmet impact calibration test and trunk or protection vest impact calibration test can be carried out independently by decomposing the head and neck and trunk calibration module and the trunk calibration module into two independent modules.
The combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test method comprises the following steps: head and neck model impact calibration test method, helmet impact protection performance test method, trunk model impact calibration test method and protection vest impact protection performance test method.
The head and neck model impact calibration test, the helmet impact protection performance test and the trunk model impact calibration test can be tested on a combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device.
The impact calibration test method for the head and neck model comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting a head model type according to test requirements;
s12, presetting a helmet impact action point to be one of 4 positions of front, back, left or right;
s13, connecting a force measuring module, a cable between the head and neck sensor module and the head and neck calibration data processing module;
s14, adjusting the circumferential direction of the head and neck model by using a circumferential adjustment module to enable impact action points of the helmet to be opposite to the impact direction;
s15, adjusting the inclination angle of the head and neck model by using an inclination angle adjusting module to enable the normal line of an impact action point of the head model to be in the horizontal direction;
s16, adjusting the left and right positions of the head and neck model by using the left and right movement module, starting an impact calibration test after aligning with the impact direction, and collecting and processing test data.
The method for testing the impact protection performance of the helmet comprises the following steps:
s21, selecting a head model type according to test requirements;
s22, presetting a helmet impact action point to be one of 4 positions of front, back, left or right;
s23, connecting a force measuring module, a cable between the head and neck sensor module and the head and neck calibration data processing module;
s24, adjusting the circumferential direction of the head and neck model by using a circumferential adjustment module to enable impact action points of the helmet to be opposite to the impact direction;
s25, adjusting the inclination angle of the head and neck model by using an inclination angle adjusting module to enable the normal line of the impact action point of the head model to be in the horizontal direction;
s26, adjusting the left and right positions of the head and neck model by using the left and right movement module, and aligning with the impact direction;
s27, sleeving the helmet on the head model to start impact protection performance test, and collecting and processing test data.
The trunk model impact calibration test method comprises the following steps:
s31, adjusting the head and neck model to a position which does not interfere with the impact calibration test of the trunk model by utilizing a circumference adjusting module, an inclination angle adjusting module, a left and right moving module and a lifting module;
s32, connecting a cable between the displacement sensor module and the trunk calibration data processing module;
s33, adjusting an impact test point of the trunk model to a position which is in high consistency with the impact direction by using a position adjustment module;
S34, adjusting the impact test point of the trunk model to a position coincident with the impact direction by utilizing the left-right moving mechanism, starting an impact calibration test, and collecting and processing test data.
The method for testing the impact protection performance of the protective vest comprises the following steps:
s41, detaching the locking device, decomposing the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device into two parts, namely an independent head and neck calibration module and a trunk calibration module, and moving the trunk calibration module to a testing position;
s42, a cable for connecting the displacement sensor module and the trunk calibration data processing module;
s43, fixedly mounting the auxiliary positioning device at the lower end of the positioning bracket;
s44, opening the laser displacement sensor to enable the laser beam to pass through the cross slotted hole;
s45, adjusting the up-down and left-right positions of the chest mold support through the up-down moving mechanism and the left-right moving mechanism to align the laser beam passing through the cross slot hole with the launching port of the test bullet, and completing the positioning of the trunk calibration module;
s46, detaching the auxiliary positioning device, mounting the chest mold on the chest mold support, and keeping the position of the trunk calibration module unchanged;
s47, installing the protective back core on the outer surface of the chest mold to start an impact protection performance test, and collecting and processing test data.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme are: the head and neck sensor module is arranged between the head model and the neck model, so that the impact test can be performed on the head and neck model while the helmet test is performed; a circumference adjusting module, an inclination angle adjusting module and a left-right moving module are additionally arranged between the neck model and the base, so that the position and the direction of the head and neck model can be adjusted, and the multi-directional head and neck impacted data can be obtained; the lifting module is arranged to adjust the overall height of the head and neck model, so that interference of impact paths in the chest model calibration test is avoided.
A displacement sensor is arranged in the chest model, so that deformation data of a chest model impact calibration test can be obtained, and data support is provided for the test; the position adjusting module is arranged in the trunk calibrating module, so that the to-be-measured point and the test impact point of the chest mold can be accurately positioned.
The height of the trunk calibration module can be adjusted through the lifting foot seat, so that the head and neck calibration module and the trunk calibration module can be conveniently combined and butted; the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device formed after the head and neck calibration module and the trunk calibration module are connected can realize comprehensive impact calibration testing of the head and neck, the trunk, the helmet and the protective vest, and can provide a more convenient mode and a sufficient reference basis for evaluating damage and protective performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other embodiments may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the head and neck calibration module structure of the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a head and neck model structure of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the head and neck model structure of the combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a front-to-back head model of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a left and right head model of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a head model of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an exploded view of a neck model of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circumferential adjustment module and a tilt adjustment module of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a trunk calibration module of a combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a displacement sensor module of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device breast mold model structure;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a pendulum impact module structure of the combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device.
In the figure: A. a head and neck calibration module; B. a trunk calibration module; C. the direction of impact; D. a helmet; E. a laser beam; F. a protective vest; 1. a pendulum impact module; 101. a servo motor; 102. a return-to-zero sensor; 103. a potentiometer; 104. a pendulum bob rotating shaft; 105. a clutch; 106. a pendulum connecting rod; 107. a pendulum; 108. an acceleration sensor; 109. a drive gear set; 110. a proximity switch; 2. a head and neck model frame; 3. a head and neck model; 4. a head and neck calibration data processing module; 5. a roller; 6. lifting hand wheels; 7. fixing the foot stand; 8. a head model; 81. a soft cover plate; 82. a sensor top plate; 83. a load cell; 84. binding posts; 85. a movable connecting piece; 86. a transfer column; 87. a sensor base plate; 9. a neck model; 91. a head and neck sensor module; 92. an upper spring seat; 93. a fixing pin; 94. a neck model body; 95. a spring; 96. a lower spring seat; 97. a neck mounting plate; 10. a circumference adjustment module; 101. an adapter plate; 102. a slewing bearing; 103. a support block; 104. a support rod; 105. a support plate; 106. a positioning rod; 107. a locking screw; 11. an inclination angle adjusting module; 111. a tilt angle adjustment base; 112. an angle locking handle; 113. a shaft sleeve; 114. a holder main body; 115. an inclination angle rotating shaft; 116. a center locking handle; 12. a left-right movement module; 121. a handle; 122. a locking mechanism; 123. a screw rod; 124. a track; 13. a base; 131. a wire passing through hole; 132. waist-shaped through holes; 14. a chest mold model; 141. a chest mold bracket; 142. a hoop; 143. chest mould; 144. a circular ring; 145. a column; 15. a displacement sensor module; 151. a laser displacement sensor; 152. a reflective mirror; 153. a positioning bracket; 154. a cross bar; 155. a vertical rod; 156. a positioning plate; 16. a movable castor; 17. lifting foot seats; 18. an adjusting hand wheel; 19. a second motor; 20. a first motor; 21. a guide rail; 22. the trunk calibration data processing module; 23. a torso model frame; 24. a fixed pulley; 25. a wire rope.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device shown in fig. 1-12 comprises a head and neck calibration module A and a trunk calibration module B as shown in fig. 1; as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the head and neck calibration module a includes: the head and neck model comprises a head and neck model 3, a circumference adjusting module 10, an inclination angle adjusting module 11, a left and right moving module 12, a base 13, a lifting module, a head and neck model frame 2 and a head and neck calibration data processing module 4; as shown in fig. 10, the torso calibration module B includes: the chest model 14, the displacement sensor module 15, the position adjustment module, the trunk model frame 23 and the trunk calibration data processing module 22.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the head and neck model 3 includes a head model 8, a force measuring module, a head and neck sensor module 91, and a neck model 9. A force measuring module is arranged in the shell of the head model 8 and is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module 4 through a cable and used for collecting impact force data received by the head model 8; the shell of the head model 8 is provided with a first groove, the force measuring module is fixedly arranged in the first groove, and the first groove is covered with a soft cover plate 81 matched with the shape of the first groove.
The force measuring module comprises a force sensor 83, a sensor bottom plate 87, a sensor top plate 82, a transfer post 86, a binding post 84 and a movable connector 85. Preferably, the load cell 83 is composed of one or more elastomers capable of generating deformation amount after being stressed, a bridge circuit (preferably a Wheatstone bridge) composed of resistance strain gauges capable of sensing the deformation amount, an adhesive capable of fixedly adhering the resistance strain gauges to the elastomers and capable of conducting the strain amount, and a sealant for protecting an electronic circuit; in the testing process, after the force sensor 83 receives the action of external force, the strain gauge attached to the elastic body deforms along with the force sensor to cause resistance change, and the resistance change causes the formed Wheatstone bridge to lose balance, so that an electric quantity electric signal which is in linear direct proportion to the external force can be output. The number of the force transducers 83 is preferably 6-10, a binding post 84 is arranged on the side wall of each force transducer 83, the binding post 84 is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module 4 through a cable, and electric quantity electric signals generated after the force transducer 83 receives impact force are transmitted to the data processing module.
The sensor bottom plate 87 is preferably fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the groove of the head model 8 by using a screw, a threaded hole is arranged at one end, close to the first groove, of each force transducer 83, preferably fixedly connected to the sensor bottom plate 87 by using a screw, and a threaded hole is arranged at one end, close to the sensor top plate 82, of each force transducer 83; the sensor top plate 82 is composed of accommodating spaces with the same number as the load cells 83, an adapter column 86 is fixedly arranged in each accommodating space, and is preferably fixed in an adhesive mode, and the adapter column 86 is provided with an axial through hole; a movable connecting piece 85, preferably a movable screw, is preloaded in the accommodating space between each adapting post 86 and the sensor top plate 82; through holes are formed in each accommodating space of the sensor top plate 82, the through holes can be penetrated through by special tools, movable screws penetrate through the axial through holes of the switching columns 86 and are fixedly connected with the force transducers 83, and therefore the sensor top plate 82, the switching columns 86 and the force transducers 83 can be connected into a whole. A second groove matched with the shape of the sensor top plate 82 is arranged on one side of the soft cover plate 81 facing the head model 8, and the second groove is matched with the sensor top plate 82; when the soft cover plate 81 is covered in the first groove of the head model 8, the second groove of the soft cover plate can be matched with the sensor top plate 82 at the same time, so that the soft cover plate 81 is covered on the head model 8 to form a flat surface of the shell of the head model 8.
The upper end of the neck model 9 is fixedly connected with the head model 8 through a head and neck sensor module 91, and the lower end of the neck model 9 is connected with a circumference adjusting module 10; the head and neck sensor module 91 is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module 4 through a cable and is used for collecting acting force data between the head model 8 and the neck model 9.
The head and neck sensor module 91 includes an acceleration sensor 108, an angular velocity sensor, a torque sensor, and a load cell 83; the preferred acceleration sensor 108 is a piezoresistive sensor, and preferably 3 acceleration sensors 108 are used to collect acceleration data in the up-down, left-right, front-back directions in the impact test, respectively; preferably, 3 angular velocity sensors are arranged to respectively acquire angular velocity change data in the vertical, horizontal and longitudinal directions in the impact test; preferably, 3 torque sensors are arranged to respectively acquire torque data in the up-down, left-right and front-back directions between the head model 8 and the neck model 9 in the impact test; preferably, 3 force sensors 83 (the form and principle of the force sensors 83 are the same as those of the head model 8) are arranged to respectively acquire impact force data in the up-down, left-right and front-back directions in the impact test; the acceleration sensor 108, the angular velocity sensor, the torque sensor and the load cell 83 are respectively and electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module 4 through cables, and transmit the collected data to the head and neck calibration data processing module 4. The acceleration sensor 108 and the angular velocity sensor are fixedly mounted at the upper end of the head and neck sensor module 91 through screws; the torque sensor and load cell 83 is fixedly mounted inside the head and neck sensor module 91.
As shown in fig. 8, the neck model 9 includes a neck model body 94, a spring 95, an upper spring seat 92, a lower spring seat 96, a fixing pin 93 and a neck mounting plate 97, the spring 95 is sleeved on the outer wall of the neck model body 94, and the upper and lower ends of the spring 95 are respectively and fixedly mounted with the upper spring seat 92 and the lower spring seat 96, preferably in a welding manner. The top of the upper spring seat 92 and the lower end of the head and neck sensor module 91 are respectively provided with an ear hole with the same size, the fixed pin 93 penetrates through the two ear holes to fixedly connect the upper spring seat 92 with the head and neck sensor module 91, the upper end of the head and neck sensor module 91 is preferably connected with the head and neck mold 8 by adopting a screw, and the lower spring seat 96 is fixedly connected with the neck mounting plate 97 by adopting a screw.
As shown in fig. 9, the lower end of the circumference adjusting module 10 is connected with the upper end of the inclination adjusting module 11, and the circumference adjusting module 10 is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the neck model 9 in the horizontal direction. The circumference adjustment module 10 comprises an adapter plate 101, a slewing bearing 102, a supporting plate 105, a positioning rod 106 and a locking screw 107, wherein the upper end of the adapter plate 101 is fixedly connected with a mounting plate of the neck model 9, preferably in screw connection, and the lower end of the adapter plate 101 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the slewing bearing 102, particularly in screw connection with the inner ring of the slewing bearing 102. The lower end of the slewing bearing 102 is fixedly connected with the supporting plate 105, specifically, the outer ring of the slewing bearing 102 is connected with the supporting plate 105 through screws; the neck mold 9 can be rotated in the horizontal direction by the swivel bearing 102. The side wall of the neck mounting plate 97 is provided with fixing screw holes at intervals of 90 degrees, and the upper end of the positioning rod 106 is provided with a through hole and is connected with the fixing screw holes of the neck mounting plate 97 through locking screws 107; the lower end of the positioning rod 106 is provided with two through holes which are fixedly connected with the inclination angle adjusting module 11. The neck model 9 is rotated to a corresponding angle on the swivel bearing 102, and the positioning rod 106 fixes the neck model 9 at the corresponding angle by the locking screw 107. The horizontal angle of the head and neck model 3 can be adjusted by the circumference adjustment module 10 during the test process for impact tests at different positions.
As shown in fig. 9, the lower end of the reclining module 11 is connected to the left and right movement module 12 for adjusting the inclination angle of the neck model 9 in the front-rear direction. The reclining module 11 includes a bracket main body 114, a shaft housing 113, a reclining shaft 115, a center locking handle 116, and a reclining base 111. The neck bracket main body 114 is provided with a first through hole along the axial direction, and the upper end of the first through hole is fixedly connected with the neck model 9 supporting plate 105 preferably by using 3 screws. The second through hole is arranged in the axial direction of the inclination angle adjusting base 111 and is in a threaded hole mode, and a shaft sleeve 113 is fixedly arranged on one side, close to the neck bracket main body 114, of the second through hole, and is preferably fixed in an interference fit mode; the shaft sleeve 113 penetrates into the first through hole, and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve is sleeved and combined with the inclination angle rotating shaft 115; the neck rest main body 114 can be rotated at a certain angle on the tilt rotation shaft 115. A boss is disposed at an end of the tilt rotation shaft 115 remote from the tilt adjustment base 111, a third through hole is disposed in an axial direction thereof, a threaded connection shaft is disposed at an end of the center locking handle 116, and the connection shaft penetrates into the third through hole and is in threaded connection with the second through hole. A shoulder is arranged at the fixed position of the central locking handle 116 and the connecting shaft and is used for propping against the boss end surface of the dip angle rotating shaft 115 and generating friction force; after the center locking handle 116 is screwed with the inclination angle adjusting base 111, the boss of the inclination angle rotating shaft 115 can be pressed on the side wall of the neck support main body 114 on the side far away from the inclination angle adjusting base 111, and the neck support main body 114 is locked at a corresponding angle through friction force.
In addition, two screw holes are provided at one radial side end surface of the neck bracket main body 114, and are fixedly connected with two through holes at the lower end of the positioning rod 106 of the circumference adjustment module 10 by two screws.
As shown in fig. 3, the lower end of the left-right movement module 12 is connected to the base 13 for adjusting the position of the neck model 9 in the left-right direction. The left-right movement module 12 includes a rail 124, a screw nut mechanism, a handle 121, and a locking mechanism 122; the track 124 is in a double-track form and is fixed on the upper end surface of the base 13, and a connecting plate with a through hole is arranged at one end of the track 124; the reclining base 111 is mounted on the rail 124, and slides left and right on the rail 124; the nut of the screw-nut mechanism is fixed on the lower end surface of the inclination adjustment base 111 and meshed with the screw 123; one end of the screw rod 123 passes through the through hole of the connecting plate with the through hole and is connected with the handle 121; a rotating handle 121 for driving the screw nut mechanism to operate; the connection part of the handle 121 and the screw rod 123 is provided with a locking mechanism 122, and the locking mechanism 122 is used for locking the handle 121 so as to fix the head and neck model 3 at the corresponding position moving left and right.
The lower end face of the base 13 is provided with a waist-shaped through hole 132, and the head and neck model 3 can move in the range of the waist-shaped through hole 132 so as to adjust the front and back positions of the head and neck model 3 by penetrating through the waist-shaped through hole 132 through a screw to be connected with a lifting module. The upper end surface of the base 13 is also provided with a wire passing through hole 131 for arranging a connection cable of the sensor.
As shown in fig. 2, the lifting module comprises a nut, a screw, a guide post and a lifting hand wheel 6; the screw is vertically fixed on the head and neck model frame 2, and is preferably fixed in a welding mode; the two ends of the nut are movably connected with the lower end of the lifting module through bearings, namely the nut can rotate under the supporting action of the two bearings and is meshed with the screw rod through threads; a lifting hand wheel 6 is fixedly arranged at one end of the nut, which is far away from the lifting module, and the nut can move up and down along the screw rod by rotating the lifting hand wheel 6 so as to drive the head and neck calibration module A to move up and down; the upper end and the lower end of the guide column are respectively and fixedly arranged on the lifting module and the head and neck model frame 2, and a rod piece and a pipe fitting of a telescopic structure are preferably adopted to be matched, wherein the rod piece can be telescopic along the height direction, and the guide column plays a guide role when the head and neck calibration module A moves up and down.
As shown in fig. 2, the head and neck model frame 2 adopts a frame structure, and the bottom of the frame structure is provided with rollers 5 and fixed feet 7 for supporting and protecting the head and neck calibration module a. The fixed foot seat 7 adopts a spiral telescopic structure and is arranged at four corners of the bottom of the head and neck model frame 2, and when the head and neck calibration module A moves to a preset position, the fixed foot seat 7 is rotated to extend out and tightly prop against the ground, so that the head and neck calibration module A can play a supporting role.
The head and neck calibration data processing module 4 is fixedly arranged on the head and neck model frame 2 and is used for processing the received impact force, acceleration, angular velocity and torque change data. The head and neck calibration data processing module 4 comprises a signal amplifying unit, a signal conditioning unit, a data acquisition unit and a data output unit; the signal amplifying unit is electrically connected with the force transducer 83 and the torque transducer and is used for amplifying the received signals and transmitting the amplified signals to the data acquisition unit; the signal conditioning unit is electrically connected with the acceleration sensor 108 and the angular velocity sensor of the head and neck sensor module 91 and is used for conditioning received signals and transmitting the conditioned signals to the data acquisition unit; the data acquisition unit is electrically connected with the data output unit and is used for converting the analog signals transmitted by the signal amplification unit and the signal conditioning unit into digital signals; the data output unit is electrically connected with the computer and outputs the signals transmitted by the data acquisition unit to the computer.
According to the technical scheme, the force transducer 83 is added in the head model 8, the head and neck sensor module 91 is added between the head model 8 and the neck model 9, and the impact test can be carried out on the head and neck model 3 while the helmet D test is carried out; the circumference adjusting module 10, the inclination angle adjusting module 11 and the left and right moving module 12 are additionally arranged between the neck model 9 and the base 13, so that the position and the direction of the head and neck model 3 can be adjusted, and the multi-directional head and neck impact data can be obtained. By implementing the technical scheme of the invention, a sufficient reference basis can be better provided for evaluating damage and protection performance.
As shown in fig. 12, the chest mold 14 includes a chest mold 143, a chest mold holder 141, a hoop 142, and a fixing plate. The upper and lower ends of the breast mould support 141 are respectively provided with a circular ring 144, the circular rings 144 and the breast mould support 141 are welded and fixed, and a stand column 145 is fixed between the two circular rings 144. The breast mould 143 is made into a plate-shaped part by a mould opening pouring mode, is curled into a hollow cylindrical part around the upper ring 144 and the lower ring 144, the breast mould 143 is pressed on the upper ring 144 and the lower ring 144 by the upper hoop 142 and the lower hoop 142, and the joint parts of the two hoops 142 are connected by screws. The breast mould 143 is fixed with the fixing plate by vertically arranged screws at the seam of the breast mould 143 in the curling forming. The pleura is a consumable, and needs to be replaced according to actual calibration test conditions. The chest model 14 is used to simulate the torso of a human body during an impact calibration test.
As shown in fig. 11, the displacement sensor module 15 is installed inside the breast mold 143, and is provided with a positioning bracket 153; the positioning bracket 153 is fixedly provided with a laser displacement sensor 151 and a reflector 152; the displacement sensor module 15 is used for acquiring the impact deformation of the chest mold 143 in the impact calibration test, and transmitting the acquired deformation signal to the trunk calibration data processing module 22 through a cable. The laser displacement sensor 151 and the mirror 152 are fixed to the upper end of the positioning bracket 153 by two plate-like members, respectively, with screws. The laser displacement sensor 151 emits a laser beam E in a vertically downward direction; the reflector 152 is arranged below the laser displacement sensor 151 at an angle of 45 degrees to the vertical direction, and the mirror surface faces the laser displacement sensor 151; the laser beam E emitted from the laser displacement sensor 151 is reflected by the mirror 152 by 90 ° to be emitted in the horizontal direction, and is irradiated on the inner wall of the breast mold 143; the lower end of the positioning support 153 is fixedly connected with the chest mold support 141. The displacement sensor module 15 measures the moving distance of the measured object by the difference of the positions of the laser beam E reflected back after the laser beam E irradiates the surface of the measured object, and can be used for measuring the deformation amount of the breast mold 143 before and after the impact.
As shown in fig. 10, a position adjustment module is provided between the chest model 14 and the torso model frame 23 for adjusting the relative positions of the chest model 14 and the torso model frame 23 up, down, left, and right. The position adjustment module comprises an up-and-down movement mechanism and a left-and-right movement mechanism. The up-and-down moving mechanism includes a wire rope 25, a guide rail 21, a fixed pulley 24, and a first motor 20. The shaft of the fixed pulley 24 is fixed to the trunk model frame 23 by a bracket, and is rotatable about the shaft. The wire rope 25 bypasses the wheel groove of the fixed pulley 24, one end of the wire rope is fixedly connected with the upper end of the chest mould bracket 141, preferably in screw connection, and the other end of the wire rope is connected with the output shaft of the first motor 20. The first motor 20 is fixedly mounted on the torso model frame 23. The guide rail 21 is installed between the trunk model frame 23 and the chest model bracket 141, and plays a guiding role. When the motor is started and the output shaft rotates to wind the steel wire rope 25 on the output shaft, the breast mould bracket 141 moves upwards. When the motor is reversed, the wire rope 25 wound on the output shaft is loosened, and the breast mould bracket 141 moves down. The left-right moving mechanism comprises a nut, a screw rod, a second motor 19 and left-right guide rails 21, the second motor 19 is fixed on the trunk model frame 23 along the horizontal direction, and the nut is connected with an output shaft of the second motor 19 and driven by the output shaft to rotate. The screw rod is fixed on the chest mould bracket 141 along the horizontal direction and meshed with the nut for transmission. The left and right guide rails 21 are installed between the trunk model frame 23 and the breast model frame 141 in the horizontal direction, and play a guiding role.
As shown in fig. 10, the trunk model stand 23 adopts a frame structure, preferably a steel rod is welded and formed, the bottom of the trunk model stand is provided with a movable castor 16 and a lifting foot seat 17, and the movable castor 16 preferably adopts a universal wheel structure, so that the trunk calibration module B can move conveniently. The lifting foot seats 17 are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the trunk model frame 23, the upper ends of the lifting foot seats are provided with adjusting handwheels 18, and the lifting foot seats 17 can be driven to move up and down by rotating the adjusting handwheels 18, so that the height of the trunk calibration module B can be adjusted. The torso model frame 23 is used to support and protect the torso calibration module B.
As shown in fig. 11, the auxiliary positioning device is an L-shaped component, and comprises a cross bar 154, a vertical bar 155 and a positioning plate 156, and the structure of the double cross bars 154 can be preferably adopted to be more stable. One end of the cross rod 154 is fixedly connected with the vertical rod 155, a welding mode can be adopted, the other end of the cross rod 154 is detachably connected with the lower end of the positioning support 153 of the laser displacement sensor 151, and the cross rod 154 is preferably fixed with the lower end of the positioning support 153 by adopting a connecting plate. The upper end of the vertical rod 155 is fixedly provided with a positioning plate 156, preferably by a screw structure. The upper end of the positioning plate 156 is provided with a cross slot, that is, the upper end of the positioning plate 156 is provided with a through cross slot, and the through hole at the intersection point of the horizontal slot and the vertical slot is the cross slot. The auxiliary positioning device is matched with the laser displacement sensor 151 and is used for coinciding and positioning the normal direction of the outer surface test point of the chest mold 14 with the ballistic direction in the test of the protective vest F.
The trunk calibration data processing module 22 is fixedly installed on the trunk model frame 23 and is used for processing the impact deformation signal data of the chest model 143 sent by the laser displacement sensor 151. The torso calibration data processing module 22 includes a signal amplifying unit, a data acquisition unit, and a data output unit. The signal amplifying unit is electrically connected to the laser displacement sensor 151, and is configured to amplify the received signal and transmit the amplified signal to the data acquisition unit. The data acquisition unit is electrically connected with the data output unit and is used for converting the analog signals transmitted by the signal amplification unit into digital signals. The data output unit is electrically connected with the computer and outputs the signals transmitted by the data acquisition unit to the computer.
The head and neck calibration module A and the trunk calibration module B are connected and fixed with the head and neck model rack 2 and the trunk model rack 23 through a locking device to form a combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device, and the locking device is preferably fixed in a manner of mutually matching a screw and a screw hole. The combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device can be used for performing impact calibration comprehensive tests of the head and neck, the trunk, the helmet D and the protective vest F, and can be decomposed into two independent modules for performing impact calibration tests of the head and neck or the helmet D and impact calibration tests of the trunk or the protective vest F. The combined mode organically combines the impact test of the head and neck, the trunk, the helmet D and the protective vest F, so that the test work is more convenient, and the test workload is greatly reduced.
The combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device further comprises a pendulum impact module 1 which is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the head and neck model frame 2 and is used for applying impact force to the head and neck model 3 and the chest model 14 in the testing process. The pendulum impact module 1 includes a servo motor 101, a drive gear set 109, a clutch 105, a return-to-zero sensor 102, a potentiometer 103, an acceleration sensor 108, a proximity switch 110, a pendulum shaft 104, a pendulum link 106, and a pendulum 107.
As shown in fig. 13, the servo motor 101 is fixedly connected with the head and neck model frame 2 through a fixing plate, the output shaft of the servo motor drives the transmission gear set 109 to rotate, and the transmission gear set 109 adopts a reduction gear mechanism to reduce the rotation speed output by the servo motor 101 and increase the output torque. The clutch 105 includes an input shaft, an output shaft, a driving portion, a driven portion, a disconnecting switch, and a disconnecting mechanism, an output gear of the transmission gear set 109 is connected with the input shaft of the clutch 105 and drives the input shaft to rotate, the input shaft drives the driving portion to rotate, the driving portion drives the driven portion to rotate through the disconnecting mechanism, the driven portion drives the output shaft to rotate, and the input shaft and the output shaft of the clutch 105 are supported through bearings. Wherein the disconnecting mechanism is switched between a disconnected state and a combined state by a disconnecting switch, when the disconnecting mechanism is connected, the main driven part of the clutch 105 can transmit power, and when the disconnecting mechanism is disconnected, the main driven part of the clutch 105 is disconnected and no longer transmits power. The separating mechanism and the separating switch are preferably of conventional mechanical construction. The output shaft of the clutch 105 is connected with one end of the pendulum rotating shaft 104 and drives the pendulum rotating shaft 104 to rotate, the other end of the pendulum rotating shaft 104 is connected with the potentiometer 103 through a coupler, and the potentiometer 103 is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module 4 through a cable and is used for recording the angle change of the pendulum 107. The pendulum shaft 104 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pendulum connecting rod 106 and drives the pendulum connecting rod 106 to swing. The lower end of the pendulum link 106 is fixed with a pendulum 107 in the tangential direction of the movement track thereof, and the installation directions of the pendulum 107 can be mirror-image exchanged. The lower end of the pendulum connecting rod 106 is also provided with an acceleration sensor 108, and the acceleration sensor 108 is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module 4 through a cable and is used for collecting the acceleration value of the pendulum 107. A return-to-zero sensor 102 and a proximity switch 110 are also mounted on the end of the pendulum impact module 1 near the pendulum shaft 104, the return-to-zero sensor 102 being mounted on a fixed plate for monitoring whether the pendulum link 106 returns to an initial vertical position. The proximity switch 110 is mounted on the fixed plate for turning off the power of the servo motor 101 when the pendulum link 106 moves to the horizontal position of both sides.
When the pendulum impact module 1 is tested, the power supply of the servo motor 101 is switched on, the rotating speed of the servo motor 101 is reduced through the transmission gear set 109, power is transmitted to the clutch 105, at the moment, the clutch 105 is in a combined state, the output shaft of the clutch 105 drives the pendulum rotating shaft 104 to rotate so as to drive the pendulum connecting rod 106 and the pendulum 107 to swing upwards from the initial vertical position, when the pendulum impact module 1 swings to the horizontal position, the proximity switch 110 is triggered to cut off the power supply of the servo motor 101, and the pendulum connecting rod 106 and the pendulum 107 are stopped at the horizontal position. At this time, the release switch of the clutch 105 is triggered, the driving part and the driven part of the clutch 105 are disconnected, and the pendulum 107 begins to fall down to perform free-falling motion, so as to impact the neck model 3 or the torso model. Reversing the servo motor 101 and changing the installation direction of the pendulum 107 can achieve a reverse impact of the pendulum 107. Pendulum 107 has the function of forward and reverse impact, providing a basic guarantee for enabling combined testing of head and neck model 3 and torso model.
The method of the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device comprises a head and neck model impact calibration testing method, a helmet D impact protection performance testing method, a trunk model impact calibration testing method and a protection vest F impact protection performance testing method. The head and neck model impact calibration test, the helmet D impact protection performance test and the trunk model impact calibration test can be tested on a combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device. The head and neck model impact calibration test method comprises the following steps:
Before testing, the type of the head model 8 needs to be determined according to the testing content, if the performance of the front and rear parts of the head model 8 needs to be tested, the front and rear head model 8 needs to be selected, and if the performance of the left and right parts of the head model 8 needs to be tested, the left and right head model 8 needs to be selected. The selected head model 8 is mounted on the upper end of the neck model 9 at a position in one of the front, rear, left or right directions as required for the test, for example, the front and rear head models 8 should be selected when the rear end of the head model 8 is required to be tested, and the rear end of the head model 8 is directed in the test impact direction C.
Next, the sensors of the head and neck model 3 are connected with the data processing module by cables, i.e., the load cell 83, the acceleration sensor 108, the angular velocity sensor, and the torque sensor are connected with the signal amplifying unit and the signal conditioning unit of the data processing module, respectively.
The posture of the head and neck model 3 is calibrated by using a laser level, that is, by using the laser function of the laser level, through the adjustment of the circumference adjustment module 10 (horizontal circumferential direction), the inclination adjustment module 11 (vertical circumferential direction) and the left and right movement module 12 (left and right direction), the overall adjustment of the posture of the head and neck model 3 is realized, so that the laser center is aligned to the designated position (such as the center position of the soft cover plate 81) of the head and neck model 3, and the position of the laser level is kept unchanged, so that the laser center calibrates the impact test force point, that is, the impact point of the pendulum module in the test. After the above steps are completed, the impact test can be started.
The impact protection performance test method of the helmet D comprises the following steps:
before testing, the type of the head model 8 needs to be determined according to the testing content, if the performance of the front part and the rear part of the helmet D needs to be tested, the front part and the rear part of the head model 8 needs to be selected, and if the performance of the left part and the right part of the helmet D needs to be tested, the left part and the right part of the head model 8 needs to be selected. The selected head model 8 is mounted on the upper end of the neck model 9 in one of the front, rear, left or right directions according to the test requirement, for example, the front and rear head model 8 should be selected in the rear end of the helmet D to be tested, and the rear end of the head model 8 is directed to the test impact direction C.
Next, the sensors of the head and neck model 3 are connected with the data processing module by cables, i.e., the load cell 83, the acceleration sensor 108, the angular velocity sensor, and the torque sensor are connected with the signal amplifying unit and the signal conditioning unit of the data processing module, respectively.
The posture of the head and neck model 3 is calibrated by using a laser level, that is, by using the laser function of the laser level, through the adjustment of the circumference adjustment module 10 (horizontal circumferential direction), the inclination adjustment module 11 (vertical circumferential direction) and the left and right movement module 12 (left and right direction), the overall adjustment of the posture of the head and neck model 3 is realized, so that the laser center is aligned to the designated position (such as the center position of the soft cover plate 81) of the head and neck model 3, and the position of the laser level is kept unchanged, so that the laser center calibrates the impact test force point, that is, the impact point of the pendulum module in the test. Finally, the helmet D is sleeved on the head model 8. After the above steps are completed, the impact test can be started.
The trunk model impact calibration test method comprises the following steps:
the head and neck calibration module A and the trunk calibration module B are combined into a whole, namely, the two modules are fixed through a locking device. In order to prevent the head and neck model 3 from interfering with the pendulum 107 during the test, the position of the head and neck model 3 needs to be adjusted to be out of the motion track of the pendulum 107, namely, the head and neck model 3 is adjusted to a position which does not interfere with the impact calibration test of the trunk model by using the circumference adjusting module 10, the inclination adjusting module 11, the left and right moving module 12 and the lifting module. A cable connecting the displacement sensor module 15 and the torso calibration data processing module 22. And adjusting the impact test point of the trunk model to a position which is in high agreement with the impact direction C by using a position adjustment module. And adjusting the impact test point of the trunk model to a position coincident with the impact direction C by utilizing the left-right moving mechanism, starting an impact calibration test, and collecting and processing test data.
The method for testing the impact protection performance of the protection vest F comprises the following steps:
and disassembling the locking device, decomposing the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device into two parts, namely an independent head and neck calibration module A and a trunk calibration module B, and moving the trunk calibration module B to a testing position. A cable connecting the displacement sensor module 15 and the trunk calibration data processing module 22. The auxiliary positioning device is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the positioning bracket 153, and the laser displacement sensor 151 is opened to enable the laser beam E to pass through the cross slot. The up-down and left-right positions of the chest mold support 141 are adjusted by the up-down moving mechanism and the left-right moving mechanism, so that the laser beam E passing through the cross slot hole is aligned with the firing port of the test bullet, and the positioning of the trunk calibration module B is completed at this time. The position of the trunk calibrating module B is kept unchanged, the auxiliary positioning device is disassembled, and the chest mold 143 is mounted on the chest mold bracket 141. The impact protection performance test is started by installing the protective vest F on the outer surface of the chest mold 143, and test data is collected and processed.
As shown in fig. 5, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the first groove, the soft cover 81 and the force measuring module of the head model 8 are disposed on the front and rear sides of the head model 8 for testing the performance of the front and rear parts of the helmet D, and the head model 8 is the front and rear head model 8.
As shown in fig. 6, in a second embodiment of the present invention, a first groove, a soft cover 81 and force measuring modules of a head model 8 are disposed on the left and right sides of the head model 8 for performance testing of left and right parts of a helmet D, and the head model 8 is a left and right head model 8.
As shown in fig. 9, in the third embodiment of the present invention, two screw holes are provided at the other radial side end surface of the neck support main body 114, and fixedly connected to the lower end of the neck support rod 104 by screws; the upper end of the neck support rod 104 is provided with two through holes, the support block 103 is fixedly connected through a screw, and the support block 103 is abutted against the side end surface of the spring 95; the support bar 104 and the support block 103 are used for preventing the neck module from being damaged by equipment caused by overlarge deformation after being impacted in the test process.
As shown in fig. 9, which shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the reclining module 11 further includes an angle locking handle 112. One end of the angle locking handle 112 is provided with a threaded connecting rod, a gasket is sleeved on the connecting rod, and a boss is arranged at the connection of the connecting rod and the handle. The left lower part of the inclination angle adjusting base 111 is provided with an arc waist hole, and the left side of the neck bracket main body 114 is provided with a thread locking through hole; the locking through hole is overlapped with the circular arc waist hole in the circumferential direction. The connecting rod of the angle locking handle 112 passes through the circular-arc waist hole and then is in threaded connection with the locking through hole, and the boss of the angle locking handle 112 compresses the inclination angle adjusting base 111 and the neck bracket main body 114 and generates friction action between the inclination angle adjusting base 111 and the neck bracket main body 114, so that the neck bracket main body 114 is locked on the inclination angle adjusting base 111. This further locks the head and neck model 3, ensuring firmness.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a modular neck and truck impact calibration testing arrangement which characterized in that includes: a head and neck calibration module and a trunk calibration module; wherein the head and neck calibration module includes: the device comprises a head and neck model, a circumference adjusting module, an inclination angle adjusting module, a left and right moving module, a base, a lifting module, a head and neck model rack and a head and neck calibration data processing module; the trunk calibration module comprises: the device comprises a chest model, a displacement sensor module, a position adjustment module, a trunk model frame and a trunk calibration data processing module;
The head and neck model comprises a head model, a force measuring module, a head and neck sensor module and a neck model, wherein the force measuring module is arranged in a shell of the head model; the force measuring module is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module through a cable and is used for collecting impact force data received by the head model; the upper end of the neck model is fixedly connected with the head model through the head and neck sensor module, and the lower end of the neck model is connected with the circumference adjusting module; the head and neck sensor module is electrically connected with the head and neck calibration data processing module through a cable and is used for acquiring acceleration and inclination data between the head model and the neck model;
the lower end of the circumference adjusting module is connected with the inclination angle adjusting module, and the circumference adjusting module is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the neck model in the horizontal direction;
the lower end of the inclination angle adjusting module is connected with the left-right moving module and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the neck model in the front-back direction;
the lower end of the left-right moving module is connected with the base and used for adjusting the left-right direction position of the neck model;
the base is connected with the lifting module, and a wire passing through hole for passing through the force measuring module and the head and neck sensor module to connect the cable is arranged on the upper end surface of the base;
The lifting module is fixedly arranged on the head and neck model frame and is used for adjusting the height of the head and neck calibration module;
the head and neck model frame adopts a frame structure, and the bottom of the head and neck model frame is provided with rollers and fixed feet which are used for supporting and protecting the head and neck calibration module;
the head and neck calibration data processing module is fixedly arranged on the head and neck model frame and is used for processing the received impact force, acceleration and inclination angle data.
The chest mold model comprises a chest mold and a chest mold bracket; the chest die is a hollow cylindrical part, the displacement sensor module is arranged in the chest die, and the upper end and the lower end of the chest die are respectively fixedly connected with the chest die bracket; the chest model is used for simulating the trunk part of a human body in an impact calibration test;
the displacement sensor module is provided with a positioning bracket; the positioning bracket is fixedly provided with a laser displacement sensor and a reflector; the displacement sensor module is used for collecting the impact deformation of the chest mould in an impact calibration test and transmitting the collected deformation signal to the trunk calibration data processing module through a cable;
the position adjusting module is arranged between the chest model and the trunk model frame and is used for adjusting the relative positions of the chest model and the trunk model frame up, down, left and right;
The trunk model frame adopts a frame structure, and the bottom of the trunk model frame is provided with movable casters and lifting foot seats; an adjusting hand wheel is arranged on the lifting foot seat, and the adjusting hand wheel is rotated to adjust the height of the trunk calibration module; the trunk model frame is used for supporting and protecting the trunk calibration module;
the trunk calibration data processing module is fixedly arranged on the trunk model frame and is used for processing the received impact deformation quantity signals of the chest model;
the head and neck calibration module and the trunk calibration module are connected and fixed with the head and neck model frame and the trunk model frame through the locking device to form the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device, which is used for performing impact calibration comprehensive test of the head and neck, the trunk, the helmet and the protection vest, and can be decomposed into two independent modules for performing impact calibration test of the head and neck or the helmet and impact calibration test of the trunk or the protection vest.
2. The combined head, neck and trunk impact calibration test device according to claim 1, wherein the force measuring module comprises a force measuring sensor, a sensor bottom plate and a sensor top plate, wherein the force measuring sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor bottom plate, and the sensor top plate is fixedly connected with one end, far away from the sensor bottom plate, of the force measuring sensor; the head model shell is provided with a groove, and the force measuring module is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the groove; the force measuring modules are arranged on the front side and the rear side or the left side and the right side of the head model.
3. The combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device of claim 1, wherein the neck model comprises a neck model body and a spring; the spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the neck model main body, and the upper end and the lower end of the spring are fixedly connected with the head and neck sensor module and the circumference adjusting module respectively.
4. The combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device of claim 3, wherein the circumferential adjustment module comprises the neck mounting plate, a swivel bearing, a positioning rod, and a locking member; the upper end of the neck mounting plate is fixedly connected with the spring, and the lower end of the neck mounting plate is fixedly connected with the slewing bearing; positioning holes are formed in the side wall of the neck mounting plate at intervals of 90 degrees; the upper end of the positioning rod is provided with a through hole and is connected with the positioning hole of the neck model mounting plate through the locking component; the lower end of the positioning rod is provided with two through holes which are fixedly connected with the inclination angle adjusting module; the lower end of the slewing bearing is fixedly connected with the inclination angle adjusting module; the neck model rotates to a corresponding angle on the slewing bearing, and the positioning rod fixes the neck model at the corresponding angle through the locking part;
The inclination angle adjusting module comprises a bracket main body, an inclination angle rotating shaft, a center locking handle and an inclination angle adjusting base; the bracket main body is provided with a first through hole along the axis direction, and the upper end of the bracket main body is fixedly connected with the slewing bearing; the second through hole with threads is arranged in the axial direction of the inclination angle adjusting base and is movably connected with the bracket main body through the inclination angle rotating shaft; a third through hole is arranged in the axial direction of the inclination angle rotating shaft; a threaded connecting shaft is arranged at one end of the central locking handle, penetrates through the third through hole and is in threaded connection with the second through hole; the central locking handle is tightly screwed with the inclination angle adjusting base and used for locking the bracket main body;
the inclination angle adjusting module further comprises an angle locking handle, and a threaded connecting rod is arranged at one end of the angle locking handle; the inclination angle adjusting base is provided with an arc waist hole, the bracket main body is provided with a thread locking through hole, and the locking through hole is overlapped with the arc waist hole in the circumferential direction; the connecting rod penetrates through the circular-arc waist hole to be connected with the locking through hole, and the angle locking handle is screwed with the bracket main body and is used for locking the bracket main body on the inclination angle adjusting base;
The left-right moving module comprises a rail, a transmission mechanism, a handle and a locking mechanism; the track is fixed on the upper end face of the base; the inclination angle adjusting base is arranged on the track and slides left and right on the track; the transmission mechanism is used for driving the inclination angle adjusting base to move left and right; the handle is used for driving the transmission mechanism to operate; the locking mechanism is arranged at the joint of the handle and the transmission mechanism and used for locking the handle so that the head and neck model is fixed at a corresponding position moving left and right;
the neck module further comprises a neck supporting rod and a supporting block; the lower end of the neck support rod is fixedly connected with the support main body, and the upper end of the neck support rod is fixedly connected with the support block; the supporting block is abutted against the side end face of the spring; the lower end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected with the bracket main body;
the lower end surface of the base is provided with a waist-shaped through hole, the waist-shaped through hole is connected with the lifting module through a screw, and the head and neck model moves in the range of the waist-shaped through hole to adjust the front and back positions of the head and neck model;
the lifting module comprises a nut, a screw, a guide post and a lifting hand wheel; the screw is vertically fixed on the head and neck model frame; the two ends of the nut are movably connected with the lower end of the lifting module through bearings and meshed with the screw rod; the lifting hand wheel is arranged at one end of the nut, which is far away from the lifting module, and the head and neck calibration module is driven to move up and down by rotating the lifting hand wheel; the upper end and the lower end of the guide column are respectively fixedly arranged on the lifting module and the head and neck model frame, extend and retract along the height direction, and play a role in guiding when the head and neck calibration module moves up and down.
5. The combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device according to claim 1, wherein the head and neck calibration data processing module comprises a signal amplifying unit, a signal conditioning unit, a data acquisition unit and a data output unit; the signal amplifying unit is electrically connected with the force transducer and is used for amplifying the received signals and then transmitting the amplified signals to the data acquisition unit; the signal conditioning unit is electrically connected with the head and neck sensor module and is used for conditioning the received signals and transmitting the conditioned signals to the data acquisition unit; the data acquisition unit is electrically connected with the data output unit and is used for converting the analog signals transmitted by the signal amplification unit and the signal conditioning unit into digital signals; the data output unit is electrically connected with the computer and outputs signals transmitted by the data acquisition unit to the computer.
6. The combined head, neck and trunk impact calibration test device according to claim 1, wherein the laser displacement sensor and the reflector are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the positioning bracket; the reflector is arranged below the laser displacement sensor at an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, and the mirror surface faces the laser displacement sensor; the laser beam emitted vertically downwards by the laser displacement sensor is reflected by the reflector for 90 degrees to be emitted along the horizontal direction and irradiates the inner wall of the breast mould; the lower end of the positioning bracket is fixedly connected with the chest die bracket.
7. The combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device of claim 6, further comprising an auxiliary positioning device; the auxiliary positioning device is an L-shaped part and comprises a cross rod, a vertical rod and a positioning plate; one end of the cross rod is fixedly connected with the vertical rod, the other end of the cross rod is detachably connected with the lower end of the positioning bracket, and the upper end of the vertical rod is fixedly provided with the positioning plate; the upper end of the positioning plate is provided with a cross slotted hole; the auxiliary positioning device is matched with the laser displacement sensor and used for positioning the normal direction of the test point of the outer surface of the chest model and the trajectory direction in a superposition manner in the test of the protective vest.
8. The combined head and neck and torso impact calibration test device of claim 1, wherein the position adjustment module comprises an up-down movement mechanism and a left-right movement mechanism; the up-and-down moving mechanism comprises a steel wire rope, a guide rail, a fixed pulley and a first motor; the steel wire rope bypasses the fixed pulley movably connected to the trunk model frame, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the upper end of the chest model bracket, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with a first motor output shaft; the first motor is fixedly arranged on the trunk model frame; the guide rail is arranged between the trunk model frame and the chest model bracket and plays a role in guiding; the left-right moving mechanism comprises a nut, a screw, a second motor and a guide rail; the second motor is fixed on the trunk model frame along the horizontal direction, and the nut is connected with the output shaft of the second motor and is driven to rotate by the output shaft; the screw rod is fixed on the chest mould bracket along the horizontal direction and meshed with the nut for transmission; the guide rail is arranged between the trunk model frame and the chest model bracket along the horizontal direction, and plays a role in guiding.
9. The combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device according to claim 1, wherein the trunk calibration data processing module comprises a signal amplifying unit, a data acquisition unit and a data output unit; the signal amplifying unit is electrically connected with the laser displacement sensor and is used for amplifying the received signals and then transmitting the amplified signals to the data acquisition unit; the data acquisition unit is electrically connected with the data output unit and is used for converting the analog signals transmitted by the signal amplification unit into digital signals; the data output unit is electrically connected with the computer and outputs signals transmitted by the data acquisition unit to the computer.
10. The combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test method is characterized by being applied to the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration test device according to any one of claims 1-9, and the method comprises the following steps:
a head and neck model impact calibration test method, a helmet impact protection performance test method, a trunk model impact calibration test method or a protection vest impact protection performance test method;
the head and neck model impact calibration test method comprises the following steps:
S11, selecting a head model type according to test requirements;
s12, presetting a helmet impact action point to be one of 4 positions of front, back, left or right;
s13, connecting cables between the force measuring module, the head and neck sensor module and the head and neck calibration data processing module;
s14, adjusting the circumferential direction of the head and neck model by using the circumferential adjustment module so that the impact action point of the helmet is opposite to the impact direction;
s15, adjusting the inclination angle of the head and neck model by using the inclination angle adjusting module to enable the normal line of the impact action point of the head model to be in the horizontal direction;
s16, adjusting the left and right positions of the head and neck model by using the left and right movement module, starting an impact calibration test after aligning with the impact direction, and collecting and processing test data;
the helmet impact protection performance testing method comprises the following steps:
s21, selecting a head model type according to test requirements;
s22, presetting a helmet impact action point to be one of 4 positions of front, back, left or right;
s23, connecting cables between the force measuring module, the head and neck sensor module and the head and neck calibration data processing module;
s24, adjusting the circumferential direction of the head and neck model by using the circumferential adjustment module so that the impact action point of the helmet is opposite to the impact direction;
S25, adjusting the inclination angle of the head and neck model by using the inclination angle adjusting module to enable the normal line of the impact action point of the head model to be in the horizontal direction;
s26, adjusting the left and right positions of the head and neck model by using the left and right movement module, and aligning with the impact direction;
s27, sleeving the helmet on the head model to start impact protection performance test, and collecting and processing test data;
the trunk model impact calibration test method comprises the following steps:
s31, adjusting the head and neck model to a position which does not interfere with the impact calibration test of the trunk model by utilizing the circumference adjusting module, the inclination angle adjusting module, the left and right moving module and the lifting module;
s32, connecting a cable between the displacement sensor module and the trunk calibration data processing module;
s33, adjusting an impact test point of the trunk model to a position which is in high consistency with the impact direction by utilizing the position adjustment module;
s34, adjusting an impact test point of the trunk model to a position coincident with the impact direction by utilizing the left-right moving mechanism, starting an impact calibration test, and collecting and processing test data;
the protection vest impact protection performance test method comprises the following steps:
S41, detaching the locking device, decomposing the combined head and neck and trunk impact calibration testing device into two parts, namely a head and neck calibration module and a trunk calibration module, which are independent, and moving the trunk calibration module to a testing position;
s42, connecting the displacement sensor module with the cable of the trunk calibration data processing module;
s43, fixedly mounting an auxiliary positioning device at the lower end of the positioning bracket;
s44, opening a laser displacement sensor to enable a laser beam to pass through the cross slotted hole;
s45, adjusting the up-down and left-right positions of the chest mold support through the up-down moving mechanism and the left-right moving mechanism, so that the laser beam passing through the cross slot hole is aligned with the launching port of the test bullet;
s46, detaching the auxiliary positioning device, and mounting the chest mold on the chest mold support to keep the position of the trunk calibration module unchanged;
s47, installing the protective vest on the outer surface of the chest mould to start an impact protection performance test, and collecting and processing test data.
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| US20040074283A1 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-04-22 | Withnall Christopher R.P. | Method and apparatus for testing football helmets |
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