CN116752904B - Double-layer structured drill shank and rotary system - Google Patents
Double-layer structured drill shank and rotary system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116752904B CN116752904B CN202310763586.6A CN202310763586A CN116752904B CN 116752904 B CN116752904 B CN 116752904B CN 202310763586 A CN202310763586 A CN 202310763586A CN 116752904 B CN116752904 B CN 116752904B
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- shank
- drill
- drill shank
- gear
- double
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 12
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000151 anti-reflux effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/03—Couplings; joints between drilling rod or pipe and drill motor or surface drive, e.g. between drilling rod and hammer
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-layer structure drill shank and a rotary system. The shank is mainly used for receiving kinetic energy from the impact piston and transmitting the energy to the shank for rock breaking. The drill shank is of a double-layer composite structure formed by combining low-carbon high-alloy steel and copper alloy, and provides good lubrication and guiding effects for the drill shank. The drill shank not only ensures the integral strength and rigidity of the structure and has better reliability, but also provides better lubricating performance for the drill shank in dynamic performance due to the copper alloy structure of the outer layer, reduces friction between the structures, improves the heat dissipation performance of the structure and prolongs the service life of the structure. The gear is mainly used for transmitting the torque of the motor to the shank adapter. The gear structure adopts the structure of the special-shaped hole, the processing difficulty and the processing time can be well reduced, and the gear structure is tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic rock drills, and particularly relates to a double-layer-structure drill shank and a rotary system.
Background
The rock drill is the core of the rock drilling apparatus, which is operated according to the impact breaking principle. When in use, the piston makes high-frequency reciprocating motion to continuously impact the drill bit, and under the action of impact force, the drill bit which is in the shape of a sharp wedge crushes and drills rock into a certain depth to form an indent, and the drill bit is reciprocated to form a circular drilling hole with a certain depth.
The hydraulic rock drill needs the rotary system to continuously drive the drill shank to carry out rotary motion in the drilling process, the piston moves forwards after rotating a certain angle, and a new dent is formed when the drill shank is impacted again, so that the drilling efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, during specific operation, the shank adapter 8 can rapidly and repeatedly move in the inner hole of the rotary gear, and in the conventional design, the shank adapter is made of low-carbon high-alloy steel, so that a copper driving sleeve 18 needs to be arranged between the shank adapter and the rotary gear in the shell 12 during design to achieve a lubrication effect, the positioning pins 19 are added, the number of internal parts of the rock drill is increased, the reliability of the whole rock drill is reduced, and the copper driving sleeve 18 can cause great abrasion after long-term use, so that the structural movement is unstable, the structure is damaged, and the function of the whole rock drilling system is disabled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the drill shank and the rotary system with the double-layer structure, which not only ensure the overall strength and rigidity of the structure and have better reliability, but also provide better lubricating performance for the drill shank in dynamic performance, reduce friction among the structures, improve the heat dissipation performance of the structure and prolong the service life of the structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a double-layer composite structure drill shank, which is used for rock drilling equipment, wherein the drill shank is acted between an impact piston of a rock drill and a drill rod;
the drill shank comprises a first material layer and a second material layer; the first material layer is a drill body and is used for providing rigidity to the drill shank structure; the second material layer is arranged on the outer ring at the upper end of the first material layer so as to provide guiding and lubricating effects for the drill shank.
Further, the drill shank is of a double-layer composite structure formed by combining alloy steel and copper alloy;
alternatively, the first material layer is made of low carbon high alloy steel and the second material layer is made of copper alloy.
The effects set above: most of the drill shank structure is also made of alloy steel materials, and the alloy steel materials have higher strength and hardness, so that the rigidity of the structure can be ensured, the outer side of the structure is wrapped by a layer of copper alloy, and the copper alloy has better ductility, so that better lubricating performance can be provided.
Furthermore, the lower end of the drill shank is provided with annular threads which are wound outside the lower end of the drill shank, and the annular threads and the lower end of the drill shank are of an integrated structure.
The effects set above: the lower end of the drill shank is connected with the sleeve through annular threads, and the integrity is good.
Further, a diversion hole is formed in the drill shank, and the diversion hole is communicated with the lower end face of the drill shank and is used for conveying compressed air or pressurized water;
the middle section of the drill shank is provided with a water inlet, one end of the water inlet is used for being connected with an external high-pressure water cavity, and the other end of the water inlet is connected with a diversion hole in the drill shank and used for diversion of high-pressure water flow into the drill shank.
The effects set above: when in use, the piston makes high-frequency reciprocating motion to continuously impact the drill shank, compressed air or pressurized water is continuously input from the water inlet hole and the diversion hole of the drill shank, and rock slag is discharged out of the hole to form a circular drilling hole with a certain depth.
Further, the lower end face of the drill shank is provided with a pressure relief groove, the pressure relief groove is formed by outwards and inwards protruding the lower end face of the drill shank, and the pressure relief groove is communicated with the periphery of the lower end face of the drill shank and a diversion hole in the drill shank.
The effects set above: in the working process, if the drill shank is closely attached to the sleeve, the pressure relief groove is used for leaking airtight pressure formed by gluing between the lower end face of the drill shank and the connecting sleeve or the drill rod, so that the drill shank is convenient to detach, and the convenience of later maintenance and replacement is improved.
Further, an anti-countercurrent structure is arranged at the outlet of the diversion hole of the drill shank;
the anti-countercurrent structure comprises a spring arranged at the outlet of the diversion hole and a frame connected to the tail end of the spring, and an outer convex sponge is connected to the frame; the section of the convex sponge at least can cover the outer section of the outlet of the diversion hole of the drill shank, but is not larger than the inner section of the sleeve;
a spring connection lug is arranged on the lower end face of the drill shank and surrounds the outlet of the guide hole and is used for being connected with the spring;
the number of the springs is at least three, and the springs are uniformly distributed around the frame;
the frame is provided with a bulge which is used for being detachably connected with the spring; at least three fixing clamps are arranged on the frame and used for clamping the convex sponge;
when the drill shank is in countercurrent, the convex sponge is influenced by water flow, and the frame compression spring is driven to be close to the diversion hole of the drill shank, so that the outlet of the diversion hole is covered; when the drill shank is normally filled with water, the convex sponge is influenced by water flow, and the frame extension spring is driven to be far away from the diversion hole of the drill shank, so that an outlet of the diversion hole is opened.
The effects set above:
the spring and the sponge are arranged at the outlet of the drill bit tail diversion hole to form an anti-countercurrent structure with the main body, so that hydrodynamic force is not influenced, and an anti-countercurrent effect can be achieved; the evagination shape sponge can permeate water and simultaneously block sediment entering, and simultaneously, the water pressure opening and closing structure formed by the spring can open the outlet of the diversion hole in forward flow, so that the water pressure is not influenced, and the diversion hole is closed in reverse flow to prevent sediment entering.
Meanwhile, the detachable structure is favorable for replacing the spring and the sponge, and the effect of preventing sediment from flowing reversely due to long service time of the sponge and the spring is prevented from being reduced.
Furthermore, the upper end of the drill shank is also provided with a striking end face, and the striking end face protrudes out of the upper end of the drill shank and is used for bearing the impact from the piston.
The effects set above: the piston continuously impacts the drill shank to form a circular drilling hole with a certain depth.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a rotary system comprising a housing and gears both disposed in the housing and a shank as described in the first aspect;
the gear is a cylinder, the inner wall of the gear is tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank, the outer wall of the gear is provided with outer gear teeth, and the outer gear teeth are meshed with the motor gear.
The effects set above: the external gear is meshed with the pinion driven by the motor, so that the gear is driven to drive the drill shank to rotate. The number of parts in the system is reduced, the design of a driving sleeve and a positioning pin in the traditional design is not used, and the reliability of the whole rock drilling system is ensured. When the double-layer composite drill shank is applied to the rotary system, the number of parts of the rotary system can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the whole machine is reduced, the reliability of the performance of the whole machine is improved, and meanwhile, the structure of the rock drill is more compact.
Further, a lubricating oil groove is formed in the outer surface of the gear, a special-shaped through hole is formed in the gear and used for being tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank, and rotating torque is provided for the drill shank;
the effects set above: the gear surface is provided with the lubrication groove for reduce the friction of gear and stiff end. The gear is internally provided with a special-shaped through hole which is used for being tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank to provide rotary torque for the drill shank.
Further, the rotary system also comprises a motor, a shaft sleeve, a spacer bush, a check ring and a pinion which are arranged in the shell;
the hydraulic motor drives the pinion, the pinion is meshed with the gear, and finally the gear drives the drill shank to provide driving force for the drill shank;
the shaft sleeve is positioned between the gear and the shell and is used for providing support and lubrication for the gear;
the spacer bush is used for fixing the axial position of the gear and simultaneously providing a supporting function for the gear;
the retainer ring is used for fixing the drill shank axially.
Further, the shaft sleeve is made of copper, and a lubricating oil groove is formed in the contact surface of the gear and the shaft sleeve, so that friction force born by the gear is reduced under the combined action.
The effects set above: the copper material is softer in texture, good in extensibility and capable of reducing friction force applied to the gear by the action of the lubricating oil groove.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention aims to realize the improved design of the drill bit tail structure and the gear structure, and compared with the traditional design, the drill bit tail is formed by integrating alloy steel and copper alloy, thereby ensuring the rigidity and the strength of the drill bit tail structure and ensuring the guiding and lubricating functions of the structure. Under the requirement of guaranteeing the rigidity of structure, the during operation can possess better lubricating property, and the direction is good, and quick detachable's function has cancelled the structure that the drive cover adds the locating pin in the traditional design simultaneously, has improved the integrated level of product design, has improved the reliability of product design, improves economic benefits.
The drill shank is formed by combining alloy steel and copper alloy, the main metal is made of steel materials, the strength and the rigidity are good, and the peripheral metal at the upper end is made of copper alloy materials, so that the drill shank has good guiding and lubricating functions. The gear surface is provided with the lubrication groove, has reduced the frictional force of gear and stiff end. The gear is internally provided with a special-shaped through hole which is used for being tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank to provide rotary torque for the drill shank, and the special-shaped through hole can well provide supporting, guiding and lubricating functions for the drill shank on the premise of guaranteeing the safety performance of the overall structural strength, so that the service life of the structure is prolonged. The rotary system with the drill shank and gear structure designed by the invention can reduce the number of parts in the system and ensure the reliability of the whole rock drilling system.
The double-layer composite structure drill shank and the special-shaped through hole gear adopted by the invention can well provide supporting, guiding and lubricating functions for the drill shank on the premise of ensuring the safety performance of the overall structural strength, prolong the service life of the structure, reduce the number of parts in the system and ensure the reliability of the whole rock drilling system.
The invention also provides an internal anti-backflow structure of the drill bit shank, in practice, because the internal water flow of the drill bit shank is turbulent, the internal water flow of the drill bit is easy to impact the drill bit shank, so that the sediment and the torrent flow in the drill bit shank work together, the internal surface of the drill bit shank is corroded, the internal water flow power is reduced, the service life and the engineering efficiency of the drill bit shank are further influenced, but if the anti-backflow structure is directly arranged at the position of the drill bit shank diversion hole, the water power is greatly lost, and therefore, the anti-backflow structure taking the spring and the sponge as main bodies is arranged at the position of the outlet of the drill bit shank diversion hole, the water power is not influenced, and the anti-backflow effect is also realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a double-layer composite structure of a bit shank;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a bit shank structure B of a double-layer composite structure;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a double-layer composite structure bit shank structure;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a bit shank structure A-A of a double-layer composite structure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conventional hydraulic rock drill swing system.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rotary system of a rock drill adopting the double-layer composite structure drill shank of the present patent.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram II of a rotary system of a rock drill with a double-layer composite structure bit shank of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a profile through hole gear;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a connection of a back flow prevention structure of a drill shank;
FIG. 10 is a spring attachment block diagram of an anti-reflux construction;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the shank, the sleeve, and the shank.
In the figure: 1. driving an outer ring; 2. a drill rod body; 3. a thread; 4. striking the end face; 5. a water hole; 6. a deflector aperture; 7. a pressure relief groove; 8. a drill shank, 9, a motor; 10. a pinion gear; 11. a gear; 12. a housing; 13. a special-shaped through hole; 14. an oil groove; 15. a shaft sleeve; 16. a spacer bush; 17. a retainer ring; 18. a drive sleeve; 19. a positioning pin;
20. a sleeve; 30. a drill rod; 40. a drill bit;
50. an anti-reflux structure; 51. a frame; 52. a spring; 53. a spring connection bump; 54. a protrusion; 55. a sponge; 56. a lower end surface.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that, if terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are presented, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present embodiment and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated apparatus or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present embodiment.
Examples
The embodiment provides a double-layer composite structure of a drill shank 8, and fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the double-layer composite structure of the drill shank 8, and the double-layer composite structure is formed by combining alloy steel and copper alloy.
The double-layer composite structure of the drill bit tail 8 comprises a first material layer, wherein the first material layer is made of low-carbon high-alloy steel so as to provide better rigidity for the structure of the drill bit tail 8, and a second material layer is made of copper alloy and is positioned on the outer ring of the upper end of the drill bit tail 8 so as to provide guiding and lubrication for the drill bit tail 8. The double-layer composite structure of the drill shank 8 can provide supporting, guiding and lubricating functions for the drill shank 8 well on the premise of guaranteeing the safety performance of the overall structural strength, prolongs the service life of the structure, reduces the number of parts in the system, does not use the design of a driving sleeve and a positioning pin in the traditional design, and guarantees the reliability of the whole rock drilling system. When the double-layer composite drill shank 8 is applied to the rotary system, the number of parts of the rotary system can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the whole machine is reduced, the reliability of the performance of the whole machine is improved, and meanwhile, the rock drill is more compact in structure.
Fig. 2-4 are a technical scheme provided by the present invention: a double-layer composite structure drill bit 8 comprises a striking end face 4, a driving outer ring 1, a drill body 2, a water hole 5, a diversion hole 6, threads 3 and a pressure relief groove 7.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the upper end of the shank adapter 8 is provided with a striking end surface 4, and the striking end surface 4 protrudes from the upper end of the shank adapter 8. The upper end of the drill shank 8 is provided with a quadrangular prism, the driving outer ring 1 is made of copper alloy, the drill body 2 is made of alloy steel, and the four prisms are circumferentially distributed to provide torque and guiding function for the drill shank 8.
Referring to fig. 4, a water inlet 5 is provided at the middle section of the shank 8, and the water inlet 5 is connected to a diversion hole 6 inside the shank 8 for diversion of high-pressure water flow into the shank 30.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the lower end of the shank 8 is provided with an annular thread 3 wound around the outside of the thread end, the thread 3 is a left-handed thread 3, and the annular thread 3 and the thread end are in an integral structure. The pressure relief groove 7 is arranged on the lower end surface 56 of the drill shank 8 and is used for leaking airtight pressure formed by gluing the lower end surface 56 of the drill shank 8 and the connecting sleeve 20 or the drill rod 30, so that the drill shank 8 is convenient to detach, and the convenience of later maintenance and replacement is improved.
The upper end of the drill shank 8 is provided with a striking end face 4, and in order to bear the impact from the piston, the striking end face 4 protrudes out of the upper end of the drill shank 8.
The upper end of the drill shank 8 is provided with a quadrangular prism, the driving outer ring 1 (the second material layer) is made of copper alloy, the drill body 2 (the first material layer) is made of alloy steel, and the four prisms are circumferentially distributed to provide torque and guiding function for the drill shank 8. The periphery of the driving is cylindrical copper alloy wrapped at the upper end of the drill shank 8, and the driving outer ring 1 and the drill body 2 are connected together through a casting process.
Referring to fig. 4, a water inlet 5 is provided at the middle section of the shank 8, and the water inlet 5 is connected to a diversion hole 6 inside the shank 8 for diversion of high-pressure water flow into the shank 30.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the lower end of the shank 8 is provided with an annular thread 3 wound around the outside of the thread end, the thread 3 is a thread 3, the thread 3 may be a left-handed thread 3, and the annular thread 3 and the thread end are in an integral structure.
The pressure relief groove 7 is arranged on the lower end surface 56 of the drill shank 8 and is used for leaking airtight pressure formed by gluing the lower end surface 56 of the drill shank 8 and the connecting sleeve 20 or the drill rod 30, so that the drill shank 8 is convenient to detach, and the convenience of later maintenance and replacement is improved.
The pressure relief groove 7 is an arc-shaped groove arranged on the lower end surface 56 of the drill shank 8, and the arc-shaped groove is respectively communicated with the inner hole and the outer end surface of the drill shank 8.
Referring to fig. 9-10, an anti-backflow structure 50 is arranged at the outlet of the diversion hole 6 of the drill shank 8;
the anti-backflow structure 50 comprises a spring 52 arranged at the outlet of the diversion hole 6 and a frame 51 connected to the tail end of the spring 52, wherein an outer convex sponge 55 is connected to the frame 51; the cross section of the convex sponge 55 can at least cover the outer cross section of the outlet of the diversion hole 6 of the drill shank 8, but is not larger than the inner cross section of the sleeve 20;
a spring connection lug 53 is arranged on the lower end surface 56 of the drill shank 8 around the outlet of the guide hole 6 and is used for being connected with the spring 52;
the number of the springs 52 is at least three, and the springs are uniformly distributed around the frame 51;
the frame 51 is provided with a protrusion 54 for detachably connecting with the spring 52; the frame 51 is further provided with at least three fixing clips (not shown in the figure, or a common fixing clip may be adopted, and is preferably fixedly installed on the frame 51) for clamping the convex sponge 55;
when the drill shank 8 is in countercurrent, the convex sponge 55 is influenced by water flow, and drives the frame 51 to compress the spring 52 to be close to the diversion hole 6 of the drill shank 8, so that the outlet of the diversion hole 6 is covered; when the drill shank 8 is normally filled with water, the convex sponge 55 is influenced by water flow, and drives the frame 51 to stretch the spring 52 away from the diversion hole 6 of the drill shank 8, so that an outlet of the diversion hole 6 is opened.
The spring 52 and the sponge 55 are arranged at the outlet of the diversion hole 6 of the drill shank 8 to form the anti-countercurrent structure 50 with the main body, so that the hydrodynamic force is not affected, and the anti-countercurrent effect is achieved; the convex sponge 55 can permeate water and block the entry of sediment, and meanwhile, the water pressure opening and closing structure formed by the spring 52 can open the outlet of the diversion hole 6 in forward flow, so that the water pressure is not affected, and the diversion hole 6 is closed in reverse flow to prevent the entry of sediment.
Meanwhile, the detachable structure is favorable for replacing the spring 52 and the sponge 55, and the effect of preventing sediment from flowing reversely due to long service time of the sponge 55 and the spring 52 is prevented from being reduced.
Note that the convex-shaped sponge 55 is preferably not too thick, and has a thickness of 3-10mm.
The frame 51 may be made of stainless steel, the springs 52 and the like are also required to be subjected to rust prevention, and the elasticity of the springs can be adaptively changed according to the outlet structure of the shank adapter 8 so as to be capable of supporting the frame 51 and moving according to the change of the water flow direction.
The frame 51 is sized to be freely movable in the sleeve 20 and the spring 52 does not affect the threaded connection 3 of the sleeve 20 and the shank 8, and the sleeve 20 and the shank 8 and the drill bit 40 are connected as shown in fig. 11.
The spring attachment tab 53 is preferably integrally formed with the shank adapter and the projection 54 is preferably integrally formed with the frame 51.
The shank adapter 8 is mainly intended to receive kinetic energy from the impact piston and to transfer energy to the shank 20 for rock breaking. The drill shank 8 is a double-layer composite structure formed by combining low-carbon high-alloy steel and copper alloy, the low-carbon high-alloy steel structure of the main body part of the drill shank 8 can provide higher strength and rigidity, and the copper alloy structure at the periphery of the upper end of the drill shank 8 has better toughness and corrosion resistance and provides better lubrication and guiding functions for the drill shank 8. The drill shank 8 not only ensures the overall strength and rigidity of the structure and has better reliability, but also provides better lubricating performance for the drill shank in dynamic performance due to the copper alloy structure of the outer layer, reduces friction between the structures, improves the heat dissipation performance of the structure and prolongs the service life of the structure. The gear 11 is mainly used for transmitting the torque of the motor 9 to the shank adapter 8. The inside of the gear 11 structure adopts a special-shaped hole structure, so that the processing difficulty and the processing time can be well reduced, and the inside of the gear 11 structure is tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank 8.
The implementation principle is as follows: the drill shank 8 is mainly made of alloy steel materials, and the alloy steel materials have higher strength and hardness, so that the rigidity of the structure can be ensured, a layer of copper alloy is wrapped on the outer side, and the copper alloy has better ductility, so that better lubricating performance can be provided.
Examples
Fig. 6-8 show a rotary system according to the invention, comprising a shank adapter 8 according to the first embodiment.
The rotary system further comprises a profiled through hole gear 11 for a rock drilling apparatus, said gear 11 acting between the rock drill motor gear 11 and the shank adapter 8; the outer surface of the gear 11 is provided with a lubrication groove 14 for reducing friction between the gear 11 and the fixed end. The gear 11 is internally provided with a special-shaped through hole 13 which is used for being tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank 8 to provide rotating torque for the drill shank 8.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rock drill rotation system adopting the double-layer composite structure of the present application, wherein the rock drill rotation system comprises a shell 12, and the rock drill rotation system comprises the rock drill rotation system, wherein the rock drill rotation system comprises the rock drill rotation system, the rock drill rotation system comprises a drill shank 8, a gear 11, a motor 9, a shaft sleeve 15, a spacer 16, a retainer ring 17 and a pinion 10, wherein the rock drill rotation system is arranged in the shell 12. In fig. 7, the parts of the rotary system are all arranged inside the housing 12, the shank adapter 8 is arranged inside the gear 11, and an impact piston (not shown) acts on the striking end face 4 of the shank adapter 8.
The axle sleeve 15 is located between gear 11 and casing 12, provides support and lubrication action for gear 11, and axle sleeve 15 adopts the copper material, and this material texture is softer, and the extensibility is better, is provided with lubrication groove 14 on the contact surface of gear 11 and axle sleeve 15 simultaneously, and the combined action reduces the frictional force that gear 11 receives. The spacer 16 serves to fix the axial position of the gear 11 while providing support for the gear 11. The retainer ring 17 serves as an axial fixation.
As shown in fig. 8, the gear with a special-shaped through hole 13 is schematically structured, the driving gear 11 is a cylinder, the inner wall of the driving gear is tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank 8, and the outer wall of the driving gear is provided with an external gear 11 meshed with the pinion 10
In a specific operation, the impact piston first strikes the end face 4 of the shank adapter 8, so that the shank adapter 8 moves forward briefly, then the piston bounces back after the striking is completed, and is separated from the shank adapter 8, and then the shank adapter 8 bounces back and contacts a thrust sleeve (not shown in the figure), so that the shank adapter 8 reciprocates rapidly in the axial direction inside the gear 11. The hydraulic motor 9 drives the pinion 10, the pinion 10 is meshed with the gear 11, a special-shaped through hole 13 is formed in the gear 11 and is used for being tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank 8, and finally the gear 11 drives the drill shank 8 to provide driving force for the drill shank 8 so as to drive the drill shank 8 to rotate.
Taking a rock drill as an example, a drill shank with a composite structure and a special-shaped through hole gear are adopted, a driving sleeve (made of copper) and a locating pin structure are not needed in a rotary system, the gear can directly drive the drill shank, the number of parts of the rock drill is reduced, the manufacturing cost of the whole machine is reduced, the reliability of the performance of the whole machine is improved, and meanwhile, the rock drill is more compact in structure.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the double-layer composite structure of the shank adapter 8, the special-shaped through hole 13 gear 11 and the rotary system in the present embodiment may be applied to other structures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature, and in the description of the invention, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The drill shank with the double-layer composite structure is characterized in that the drill shank acts between an impact piston and a drill rod of a rock drill;
the drill shank comprises a first material layer and a second material layer;
the first material layer is a drill body and is used for providing rigidity to the drill shank structure;
the second material layer is arranged on the outer ring at the upper end of the first material layer so as to provide guiding and lubricating effects for the drill shank;
the drill shank is internally provided with a diversion hole, and the diversion hole is communicated with the lower end surface of the drill shank and is used for conveying compressed air or pressurized water;
the middle section of the drill shank is provided with a water inlet hole, one end of the water inlet hole is used for connecting an external high-pressure water cavity, and the other end of the water inlet hole is connected with a diversion hole in the drill shank and used for diversion of high-pressure water flow into the drill shank;
an anti-backflow structure is arranged at the outlet of the diversion hole of the drill shank;
the anti-countercurrent structure comprises a spring arranged at the outlet of the diversion hole and a frame connected to the tail end of the spring, and an outer convex sponge is connected to the frame; the section of the convex sponge at least can cover the outer section of the outlet of the diversion hole of the drill shank and is not larger than the inner section of the sleeve;
a spring connection lug is arranged on the lower end face of the drill shank and surrounds the outlet of the guide hole and is used for being connected with the spring;
when the drill shank is in countercurrent, the convex sponge is influenced by water flow, and the frame compression spring is driven to be close to the diversion hole of the drill shank, so that the outlet of the diversion hole is covered; when the drill shank is normally filled with water, the convex sponge is influenced by water flow, and the frame extension spring is driven to be far away from the diversion hole of the drill shank, so that an outlet of the diversion hole is opened.
2. The dual layer composite structure bit shank according to claim 1, wherein the first material layer is made of low carbon high alloy steel and the second material layer is made of copper alloy.
3. The double-layer composite structure drill bit tail according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the drill bit tail is provided with annular threads which are wound outside the lower end of the drill bit tail, and the annular threads and the lower end of the drill bit tail are of an integrated structure.
4. The double-layer composite structure drill bit tail according to claim 1, wherein the lower end face of the drill bit tail is provided with a pressure relief groove, the pressure relief groove is formed by inwards sinking the lower end face of the drill bit tail, and the pressure relief groove is communicated with the periphery of the lower end face of the drill bit tail and a diversion hole in the drill bit tail.
5. A double-layer composite structure drill shank according to claim 1, wherein,
the number of the springs is at least three, and the springs are uniformly distributed around the frame;
the frame is provided with a bulge which is used for being detachably connected with the spring; and the frame is also provided with at least three fixing clamps used for clamping the convex sponge.
6. The double-layer composite structure drill shank according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the drill shank is further provided with a striking end surface protruding from the upper end of the drill shank for bearing the impact from the piston.
7. A rotary system comprising a housing and gears both disposed in the housing and a shank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6;
the gear is a cylinder, the inner wall of the gear is tightly matched with the upper end of the drill shank, the outer wall of the gear is provided with outer gear teeth, and the outer gear teeth are meshed with the motor gear.
8. The rotary system of claim 7, wherein the gear has a lubricant sump on an outer surface thereof and a profiled through hole in an inner portion thereof for mating with an upper end of the shank to provide rotational torque to the shank.
9. The swing system according to claim 7, further comprising a motor, a sleeve, a spacer, a collar and a pinion disposed in the housing;
the motor drives the pinion, the pinion is meshed with the gear, and the gear drives the drill shank to provide driving force for the drill shank;
the shaft sleeve is positioned between the gear and the shell and is used for supporting and lubricating the gear;
the spacer bush is used for fixing the axial position of the gear and simultaneously providing a supporting function for the gear;
the check ring is used for fixing the drill shank axially;
the shaft sleeve is made of copper, and a lubricating oil groove is formed in the contact surface of the gear and the shaft sleeve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310763586.6A CN116752904B (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Double-layer structured drill shank and rotary system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310763586.6A CN116752904B (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Double-layer structured drill shank and rotary system |
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| CN116752904B true CN116752904B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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| EP3152341B1 (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2021-08-11 | Materion Corporation | Coupling for rods |
| JP7214737B2 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2023-01-30 | マテリオン コーポレイション | sucker rod guide |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201605996U (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2010-10-13 | 桂林穿孔公司 | Friction sheet hydraulic jack drill rotating mechanism |
| CN102094582A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-06-15 | 煤炭科学研究总院西安研究院 | Bimetallic oil distributing sleeve for full-hydraulic drilling machine and processing method thereof |
| CN207393236U (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-05-22 | 中铁十七局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of long special bit shank from into anchor pole of pusher leg drill construction |
| CN214035522U (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-24 | 无锡市安曼工程机械有限公司 | Rotary mechanism |
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| CN116752904A (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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