CN116752077A - Plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- -1 chromium-aluminum-carbon Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002441 CoNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating and a preparation method thereof. Weighing a proper amount of chromium, aluminum and graphite powder, packaging in a ball milling tank under an argon environment, ball milling and uniformly mixing, and placing the obtained mixed powder in a vacuum drying oven for drying; and then packaging the powder in a corundum crucible, performing vacuum sintering, crushing the obtained block by using a mortar, packaging the crushed block in a ball milling tank under an argon environment, performing ball milling, and depositing the obtained powder on the surface of a metal matrix by using an atmospheric plasma spraying process. The invention mainly adopts a vacuum sintering method to synthesize Cr with nano lamellar structure 2 AlC powder and simultaneously adopting plasma spraying process to deposit Cr on the matrix 2 AlC composite ceramic coating. The coating has good interface bonding performance with the matrix, uniform and compact structure, low porosity, high hardness and good wear resistance, and is expected to be used for preparing Cr on a low-melting-point matrix in future 2 Novel method for AlC phase composite coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermal spraying surface treatment, in particular to a plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The MAX phase material is more than 60 ternary carbide and/or nitride, and has a general formula of M n+1 AX n (M: early transition metal, a: group 12-16 element, X: carbon or nitrogen, n=1-3). As with metals, they have good electrical and thermal conductivity, high ductility, good machinability and excellent thermal shock resistance. As with ceramics, they have low density, high hardness, high melting point and good oxidation and corrosion resistance. thisparticularpropertyisduetothefactthattheMAXphasematerialhasalayeredhexagonalstructure(spacegroup:P63/mmc),andthattheMAXphasehasbothstrongcovalentionM-XbondsandweakmetalM-Abonds. Ternary carbide Cr 2 AlC belongs to a member of MAX phase, has a unique nano lamellar structure, combines the advantages of metal and ceramic, shows easy formability, good conductivity, high elastic modulus, bending strength and compressive strength, and is a very promising functional material.
Plasma spraying is widely used to produce thick coatings due to the fast deposition rate, simple process, and variety of raw materials. The Cr-Al-C composite coating is prepared by directly spraying Cr powder, al powder and graphite powder in domestic patent application No. CN201811107610.6, university of Hebei industry Zhang Fanyong and the like. However, the composite coating prepared by the method of directly spraying the powder is mainly composed of Cr due to short spraying time 7 C 3 、Cr 23 C 6 And a small amount of (Cr, al) C x Phase composition, it is difficult to form Cr having excellent properties 2 AlC phase. Furthermore, although Cr in the coating can be increased by annealing at 900 DEG C 2 AlC content, but for copper alloy matrix with lower melting point, adopting high-temperature annealing mode to synthesize Cr 2 The AlC phase coarsens the grain structure of the matrix and even changes phase, so that the material performance is deteriorated. Whereas for aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys with lower melting points, the matrix can be directly melted at 900 ℃. Thus, cr powder, al powder and graphite powder are directly sprayed and annealed at high temperaturePreparation of Cr on low melting point alloy substrate 2 The feasibility of AlC coatings is low. In addition, although the application number CN201911016070.5 discloses that the powder of the CoNiCrAlY alloy is sprayed by plasma, coNiCrAlY is used as an intermediate bonding layer in the patent document, and CoNiCrAlY is a common bonding layer material, and the bonding layer needs to be sprayed between the substrate and the coating layer in the conventional ceramic material, so that the cracking problem caused by thermal mismatch between the coating layer and the substrate is reduced.
It has been found that MAX phase powder at 1000 c for 5 hours results in complete decomposition, whereas plasma spraying time is only 10 -3 s. Accordingly, direct Cr spraying can be used 2 AlC powder replaces deposited Cr powder, al powder and graphite powder. However, there is no direct Cr spraying 2 Relevant reports of AlC powders.
In summary, there is a need to design a new Cr which is not limited by the matrix 2 An AlC composite coating and a preparation process thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problems existing in the background art, in particular to the preparation of Cr on a low-melting-point alloy substrate by the process 2 Problems with AlC coatings.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides a plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the steps of weighing a proper amount of Cr powder, al powder and graphite powder, packaging the Cr powder, the Al powder and the graphite powder in a ball milling tank under an argon environment, ball milling and uniformly mixing, and placing the obtained mixed powder in a vacuum drying oven for drying; packaging in corundum crucible, and vacuum sintering to obtain Cr 2 The AlC block is primarily crushed into small particles by a mortar, and is further packaged in a ball milling tank under the argon environment for ball milling, and the obtained Cr is obtained 2 AlC powder is deposited on the surface of the metal matrix through an atmospheric plasma spraying process to form a coating with the thickness of 100-300 mu m. The invention mainly adopts a vacuum sintering method to synthesize Cr with nano lamellar structure 2 AlC powder and simultaneously adopting plasma spraying process to deposit Cr on the matrix 2 AlC complexAnd (5) coating the ceramic. The coating has good interface bonding performance with the matrix, uniform and compact structure, low porosity, high hardness and good wear resistance, and is expected to be used for preparing Cr on a low-melting-point matrix in future 2 Novel method for AlC phase composite coating.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a plasma spray chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1, substrate pretreatment: cleaning the substrate impurities, finishing drying treatment, and then performing sand blasting roughening treatment to obtain a sand blasting roughened substrate;
s2, weighing chromium powder, aluminum powder and graphite powder, introducing the chromium powder, the aluminum powder and the graphite powder into a ball milling tank, performing ball milling treatment, and performing vacuum drying to obtain Cr/Al/graphite mixed powder;
s3, carrying out vacuum sintering treatment on the mixed powder to obtain Cr 2 An AlC block;
s4, the Cr is treated 2 AlC block is ball milled with high energy and vacuum dried to obtain Cr 2 AlC powder;
s5, the Cr is treated 2 And (3) depositing AlC powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate by adopting plasma spraying to obtain the chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating.
Preferably, the grain diameter of the chromium powder is 20-40 mu m, the grain diameter of the aluminum powder is 10-30 mu m, and the grain diameter of the graphite powder is 1-5 mu m; the molar ratio of chromium, aluminum and graphite in the mixed powder is 2:1.1-1.2:1.
Preferably, the substrate is a superalloy, stainless steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.
Preferably, in step S1, the cleaning process is specifically: ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the surface of the matrix through absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone; the surface roughness of the pretreated substrate subjected to sand blasting is Ra 7.0-9.0.
Preferably, in the step S2, the rotation speed of ball milling is 200r/min, and the ball milling time is 4-8 h; the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6-12 h.
Preferably, in the step S3, the vacuum degree is 0.1Pa, the sintering temperature is 1300-1400 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h.
Preferably, in the step S4, the rotating speed of the high-energy ball milling is 400-600 r/min, and the time of the high-energy ball milling is 8-12 h.
Preferably, in the step S5, the power of plasma spraying is 50-60 kW, the flow rate of argon is 180L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen is 20L/min, the feeding rate is 20mL/min, and the spraying distance is 50-150 mm.
Based on one general inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating obtained by the above-described preparation method, the chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating including Cr 2 AlC phase, cr 7 C 3 Phase, al 2 O 3 Phase and Cr 2 O 3 And (3) phase (C).
Preferably, the chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating has a thickness of 100-300 μm, a porosity of less than 10%, a hardness of 800-1600 HV, a friction coefficient of 0.3-0.45, and a body wear rate of (5.9-7.3) x 10 -5 mm -3 ·N -1 ·m -1 。
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention uses Cr 2 AlC powder is used as a raw material for plasma spraying to prepare Cr 2 The AlC composite coating provides a new method; the preparation process is not limited by the melting point of the matrix, and widens the preparation of Cr by plasma spraying 2 Application range of AlC composite coating.
(2) Cr of the invention 2 The interface bonding property of the AlC coating and the matrix is good; cr (Cr) 2 AlC differs from conventional ceramic materials in that it has a coefficient of thermal expansion close to that of metal and can maintain good bonding with the metal matrix without using a bonding material (CoNi-based material).
(3) From the microstructure, cr of the present invention 2 The AlC coating has uniform and compact structure, obviously reduced porosity and crack, high hardness and good wear resistance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of plasma spraying in a method of preparing a plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional SEM of a plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating and a preparation method thereof. Plasma spraying schematic diagram of the preparation method of the plasma spraying chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating, as shown in fig. 1; a cross-sectional SEM image of the chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating is shown in fig. 2.
The following is a description of specific examples.
Example 1
Plasma spraying Cr 2 The preparation method of the AlC composite coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing Cr powder, al powder and graphite powder with the molar ratio of 2:1.2:1, mixing the powder by adopting low-energy ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed is 200r/min, the ball milling time is 4 hours, and then drying the powder by adopting a vacuum drying oven, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the drying time is 6 hours.
(2) Pouring the mixed powder into a corundum crucible, and sintering the powder by adopting a vacuum furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 1350 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours.
(3) To sinter the Cr 2 Loading AlC blocks into a ball milling tank, crushing the blocks by high-energy ball milling at a ball milling rotation speed of 400r/min for 8h, and then drying Cr in a vacuum drying oven 2 The AlC powder was dried at 75deg.C for 6h.
(4) Ultrasonically cleaning the copper alloy matrix in alcohol for 15min to remove impurities such as surface grease and the like, and drying the copper alloy matrix.
(5) The substrate was sandblasted with 24 mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bond strength between the coating and the substrate.
(6) Cr is added to 2 AlC powder is deposited on the surface of a substrate through an atmospheric plasma spraying process, wherein the spraying distance is 100mm, and the working gas is Ar-H 2 Ar flow rate 180L/min, H 2 The flow rate was 20L/min, the feed rate was 20mL/min, and the plasma torch power was 50kW, forming a 300 μm thick coating.
(7) And naturally cooling after the coating is prepared.
(8) XRD analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(9) The surface roughness analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(10) Microhardness analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(11) The prepared coating was subjected to abrasion resistance analysis.
The results show that the coating prepared in this example consists essentially of Cr 2 AlC、Cr 7 C 3 And Al 2 O 3 Phase composition, porosity 5.2%, cr 2 The AlC coating had no obvious cracks, a surface roughness ra=6.3 μm, a coating hardness of 1205HV and a coefficient of friction of 0.33.
Example 2
Plasma spraying Cr 2 The preparation method of the AlC composite coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing a proper amount of powder according to the molar ratio of Cr powder to Al powder to graphite powder of 2:1.2:1, mixing the powder by adopting low-energy ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed is 200r/min, the ball milling time is 4h, and then drying the powder by adopting a vacuum drying oven, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the drying time is 6h.
(2) Pouring the mixed powder into a corundum crucible, and sintering the powder by adopting a vacuum furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 1300 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours.
(3) To sinter the Cr 2 Loading AlC blocks into a ball milling tank, crushing the blocks by high-energy ball milling at a ball milling rotation speed of 400r/min for 8h, and then drying Cr in a vacuum drying oven 2 The AlC powder was dried at 75deg.C for 6h.
(4) And ultrasonically cleaning the aluminum alloy matrix in alcohol for 15min to remove impurities such as surface grease and the like, and drying the aluminum alloy matrix.
(5) The substrate was sandblasted with 24 mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bond strength between the coating and the substrate.
(6) Cr is added to 2 AlC powder is deposited on the surface of the substrate by a plasma spraying process, wherein the spraying distance is 100mm, and the working gas is Ar-H 2 Ar flow rate 180L/min, H 2 The flow rate was 20L/min, the feed rate was 20mL/min, and the plasma torch power was 60kW, forming a 200 μm thick coating.
(7) And naturally cooling after the coating is prepared.
(8) XRD analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(9) SEM analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(10) Statistical analysis of the porosity of the coating produced
The results show that the coating prepared in this example consists essentially of Cr 2 AlC、Cr 7 C 3 、Al 2 O 3 And Cr (V) 2 O 3 The phase composition, the coating has a lamellar structure, the porosity is 6.1%, no obvious cracks exist, the microhardness of the coating is 962HV, the friction coefficient of the coating is 0.41, and the body abrasion rate is 6.5X10 -5 mm -3 ·N -1 ·m -1 。
Example 3
Plasma bodySpraying Cr 2 The preparation method of the AlC composite coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing a proper amount of powder according to the molar ratio of Cr powder to Al powder to graphite powder of 2:1.2:1, mixing the powder by adopting low-energy ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed is 200r/min, the ball milling time is 4h, and then drying the powder by adopting a vacuum drying oven, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the drying time is 6h.
(2) Pouring the mixed powder into a corundum crucible, and sintering the powder by adopting a vacuum furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 1400 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours.
(3) To sinter the Cr 2 Loading AlC blocks into a ball milling tank, crushing the blocks by high-energy ball milling at a ball milling rotation speed of 400r/min for 8h, and then drying Cr in a vacuum drying oven 2 The AlC powder was dried at 75deg.C for 6h.
(4) Ultrasonically cleaning the copper alloy matrix in alcohol for 15min to remove impurities such as surface grease and the like, and drying the copper alloy matrix. Subsequently, the substrate was sandblasted with 24 mesh brown alumina to increase the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate.
(5) Cr is added to 2 AlC powder is deposited on the surface of the substrate by a plasma spraying process, wherein the spraying distance is 100mm, and the working gas is Ar-H 2 Ar flow rate 180L/min, H 2 The flow rate was 20L/min, the feed rate was 20mL/min, and the plasma torch power was 55kW, forming a 100 μm thick coating.
(6) And naturally cooling after the coating is prepared.
(7) SEM analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(8) XRD analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(9) Microhardness analysis of the prepared coating.
(10) Statistical analysis of the porosity of the coating produced
(11) The surface roughness analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
The results show that the coating prepared in this example consists essentially of Cr 2 AlC、Cr 7 C 3 、Al 2 O 3 And Cr (V) 2 O 3 Phase composition, porosity 5.7%. The coating structure is lamellar, no obvious cracks exist in the coating, the surface roughness of the coating is Ra=7.5 mu m, the microhardness of the coating is 1376HV, the friction coefficient is 0.38, and the body abrasion rate is 7.1 multiplied by 10 -5 mm -3 ·N -1 ·m -1 。
Comparative example
Directly carrying out plasma spraying composite coating on the mixed powder without vacuum sintering, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing a proper amount of powder according to the molar ratio of Cr powder to Al powder to graphite powder of 2:1.2:1, mixing the powder by adopting low-energy ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed is 200r/min, the ball milling time is 4h, and then drying the powder by adopting a vacuum drying oven, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the drying time is 6h.
(2) Ultrasonic cleaning stainless steel matrix in alcohol for 15min to remove impurities such as surface oil and fat, and oven drying. Subsequently, the substrate was sandblasted with 24 mesh brown alumina to increase the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate.
(3) The mixed powder is directly deposited on the surface of a substrate by a plasma spraying process, wherein the spraying distance is 150mm, and the working gas is Ar-H 2 Ar flow rate 80L/min, H 2 The flow rate was 20L/min and the plasma torch power was 30kW, forming a 200 μm thick coating.
(4) And naturally cooling after the coating is prepared.
(5) SEM analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(6) XRD analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
(7) Microhardness analysis of the prepared coating.
(8) Statistical analysis of the porosity of the coating produced
(9) The surface roughness analysis was performed on the prepared coating.
The results show that the coating prepared in this comparative example is composed mainly of Cr 7 C 3 、Cr 23 C 6 Al and Cr 2 AlC phase composition, porosity 8.7%. The coating structure is lamellar, the microhardness of the coating is 674HV, the friction coefficient is 0.47, and the body abrasion rate is 12.1 multiplied by 10 - 5 mm -3 ·N -1 ·m -1 。
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the plasma spray chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, substrate pretreatment: cleaning and drying the surface of the matrix, and performing sand blasting roughening treatment;
s2, weighing chromium powder, aluminum powder and graphite powder, performing ball milling and drying to obtain mixed powder;
s3, carrying out vacuum sintering treatment on the mixed powder to obtain Cr 2 An AlC block;
s4, the Cr is treated 2 AlC block is ball milled with high energy to obtain Cr 2 AlC powder;
s5, the Cr is treated 2 And (3) depositing AlC powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate by adopting plasma spraying to obtain the chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating.
2. The method for preparing a plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a high-temperature alloy, stainless steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.
3. The method for preparing the plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 2, wherein the particle size of the chromium powder is 20-40 μm, the particle size of the aluminum powder is 10-30 μm, and the particle size of the graphite powder is 1-5 μm; the molar ratio of chromium, aluminum and graphite in the mixed powder is 2:1.1-1.2:1.
4. The method for preparing a plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the cleaning process is specifically as follows: ultrasonic cleaning is carried out on the surface of the matrix through absolute ethyl alcohol or acetone; the surface roughness of the pretreated substrate is Ra7.0-9.0.
5. The method for preparing the plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the rotation speed of ball milling is 200r/min, and the time of ball milling is 4-8 h; the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6-12 h.
6. The method for preparing a plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 5, wherein in the step S3, the vacuum degree is 0.1Pa, the sintering temperature is 1300-1400 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h.
7. The method for preparing the plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 6, wherein in the step S4, the rotating speed of the high-energy ball milling is 400-600 r/min, and the high-energy ball milling time is 8-12 h.
8. The method for preparing the plasma sprayed chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 7, wherein in the step S5, the power of plasma spraying is 50-60 kW, the argon flow is 180L/min, the hydrogen flow is 20L/min, the feeding rate is 20mL/min, and the spraying distance is 50-150 mm.
9. The chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating comprises Cr 2 AlC phase, cr 7 C 3 Phase, al 2 O 3 Phase and Cr 2 O 3 And (3) phase (C).
10. The chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating according to claim 9, wherein the chromium-aluminum-carbon composite coating has a thickness of 100 to 300 μm, a porosity of less than 10% and a hardness of 800 to 1600HV, friction coefficient of 0.3-0.45, body wear rate of (5.9-7.3). Times.10 -5 mm -3 ·N -1 ·m -1 。
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