CN1167498A - 铁释放少的饮料罐 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及带有双折缝密封的由薄板特别是由铝皮或钢皮制成的饮料罐,其中在折缝区中有一密封材料(复合物),它的基本组分是无氯的,并含有减摩擦添加剂。
Description
本发明的技术领域是具有双层折缝密封的罐头,特别是折缝含有密封材料(复合物)的饮料罐和气雾罐。
饮料罐以特别大的数量进行生产,它们多半是有二部分制成的薄皮罐,主体是整体的,在此整体主体上再封上一个盖,形成一个环形的双层折缝密封。即使对于以其他方法制成的气雾罐,在罐壁材料和灌装物之间也有交换作用。
实际经验表明装饮料的罐,在一般的储存时间内,饮料罐的材料会转移到饮料中去。虽然罐装物--多半是含碳酸的饮料--中接受的转移量是很小的,但它显著地损害了灌装物的质量和/或口味。气雾罐罐壁材料也同样会释放,在其他食品罐头中也能发生这种情况。
因而本发明的目的是减少罐壁材料组份向罐装物中的转移。
此目的能惊喜地如下来解决,即一个有双层折缝密封的薄板饮料罐使其折缝区域内具有密封材料,而该密封材料含有减摩擦添加剂。
密封食品罐头的现有技术是采用塑料密封材料(复合物)。例如见德国专利DE2156238,它提出的热塑性和弹性体化合物是一种含氯的丁二烯聚合物和丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物以及一种含碳氢化合物的化石树脂。这些物质可以含有助剂,比如润滑剂如硬脂酸,以及增塑剂。具体实施例中不含对化合物本身的性质没有影响的助剂。重要的是要达到所要求的热塑性和粘滞性,所以按特别的比例混合适合于在消毒温度下密封食品罐头。这里用所提到的树脂,其用量要小心选择,因为太小的浓度会引起密封圈的脆性,而含太多量的树脂的密闭易造成断裂。
不仅是指上面提及的而且至今仍常用的密封圈具有这样的缺点,即至少在用于饮料罐和气雾剂罐头时,有数量不容忽略的金属从罐材料向罐装物中转移,这一点在今天才知道。不管是铁还是铝或是此类对健康来说是可疑的罐头材质,伴随此转移量而产生的品质下降是特别不希望有的。
在折缝密封复合物中添加减摩擦剂解决了所提出的目的是完全出人意料的,虽然向旋转密封盖复合物中添加润滑剂是已有的技术,但这里只是用来调整适宜的转矩值(见DE42299231)。如上面提及的润滑剂作为复合物本身之可加工性的助剂,也是已知的。
然而不曾料到,复合物的改变能减少金属释放,此外还令人惊奇的是根据权利要求1的叙述,把复合物改变为有低的摩擦值就能达到所要求的结果。
卷边边沿用的密封圈材料(复合物)是已知的。现在有一种密封圈材料是优选的,它的基本组成是无氯的和最好是无卤素的。这是所希望的,因为这种材料即使在极端条件下也不会释放出卤素,因而有利于包装日用品和化妆品。“基本组成”应说明材料中这一部分,它们基本上相应于一般性的,也就是粗的分类特性,也就是说确定其性质是否与热塑性、弹性、部分结晶材料或类似的材料有关。这里材料可以用水基分散液或乳液来制备。比如说这里可以是部分或全部交联的天然橡胶或合成橡胶如苯乙烯/双烯弹性体,腈橡胶,苯乙烯/双烯接枝共聚物,和类似物,这里双烯组份可以是比如:丁二烯或异戊二烯。此材料当然可以籍助于有机溶剂来制备(比如:通过悬浮聚合或溶液聚合)。这里的例子是热塑性弹性体,如由相关软弹性相(Wei chelastis chen Phase)和端部硬块(endstandigen harten Blocken)得到的三段共聚体(Dreiblock-Copolymere),其应起名为如:苯乙烯/双烯/苯乙烯三段共聚物,即S/B/S或S/I/S。
此基本组成中可以混入一系列添加物,它们能使制造过程变得容易,产品变得便宜或作用于产品改性或增加所需的性能。这里的例子是天然树脂或合成树脂,(按Rompps化学百科辞典定义这里并不指反应树脂(reactionHarze)),抗氧化剂和其他添加剂。复合物可以含有如:防老化剂,加工助剂或水基化合物的专用物质,它们使分散稳定,或改善可加工性,以及乳化剂,保护胶体,杀虫剂或增稠剂(如:丙烯酸酯增稠剂)。其他添加剂是填充物质。这些物质多半是无机的,并应能与已充填的罐装物没有作用。它们的加入可以比如降低复合物制造成本,也可以在罐头封闭时改善对抗封装头的挤压应力。实例是用白垩、滑石、矾土、如中国白土、高岭土、重晶石和无定形硅酸和火成硅酸或玻璃,其颗粒大小优选<50μm,较好是<20μm,最好是<10μm。对本发明最好是尽可能用圆形颗粒,特别接近圆形或真正的圆形。这里的例子是玻璃珠。优选的填充颗粒形状对减少磨擦有贡献,再加上其它的减摩擦添加剂有时可以出现协同效果。
在本发明的一种方案中,减摩擦添加剂可以从低分子蜡中选取,可以例举的有天然蜡如植物蜡(如巴西棕榈腊),动物蜡(如:羊毛脂)或矿物腊(如石蜡或石油石蜡),化学改性蜡:如通过氧化或加氢的蜡(如:从Jojobo油制蜡)以及合成蜡。此蜡也可以是长链羧酸酯或酰胺,如芥酰胺(Erucasaureamid),及含有从低分子烃类聚合物或共聚物或包括如聚乙烯蜡或低分子聚丙烯蜡或者是由一个或多个有1至6个碳原子的单体聚合得到的低分子聚合物。其他的例子是聚酰胺蜡,此蜡分子量多数为10,000以内。在本发明的其他方案中,选择中和高分子聚合物作为减摩擦添加剂,它们和复合物的组份是不相容的,并且不会转移到罐装物中去,而颗粒的形状优选为球形或接近球形,如上所述那样存在于密封圈物料中。此聚合物一般具有高于70℃的软化点。由于成本的原因,优选价廉物美的聚合物如:由一个或多个含1至8个碳原子不饱和烃的单体组成的聚合物,如聚乙烯、聚丙烯或这些主要基团的共聚物、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚乙烯酯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯。特别优选均聚或共聚含氟不饱和烃单体,如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。聚四氟乙烯所以被优选不仅是由于它降低了复合物摩擦系数(μD),而且它还具有极好的回弹力(R)。
最好添加剂与复合物不相容,这样至少有一部分添加剂跑到表面上去,由此减低了外部摩擦。在另一实施方案中,将减摩擦添加剂涂敷到复合物的表面上去,这样就不一定要将减摩擦添加剂加到复合体中间去,当然能加进去是最好。
加到复合物中的减摩擦添加剂至少能起到减少折缝中复合物的粘着。内摩擦的减少似乎也能改变粘着性能。加入的量还依赖于增加摩擦的颗粒如填料和类似物质的加入量。以复合物为基准,可加入的量的范围在0.1到10重量%。一般用0.2到5重量%就能取得好的效果。
在一特殊的实施例,中用聚四氟乙烯和/或石蜡涂覆直径优选为小于10μm的玻珠,最好优选为直径小于3μm。这种减摩擦添加剂的价格便宜并同时赋予复合物以好的特性。本发明另一个特殊的方案是和上面所说的中或高分子量聚合物一起加入一种由蜡或类似蜡的物质组成的添加剂。
与其化学组分无关,密封材料以下述方式引双折缝密封的折缝区中去,密封机器的密封头携带着盖以一定转速旋转,此转速与支撑台上的罐体转速相同,当二者转速差很小时,盖圈与罐圈才接触(机械的)。
实施例:
饮料罐用Rosselstein公司制造的白铁皮在工业装置上制得。一般用喷涂法涂敷ICI公司的46900型内漆,罐头在14℃装灌可乐(Coke)。盖子是市场上常用的直径为57mm的盖(206),密封圈平均重约50毫克(干重)。
密封材料用Grace有限公司和DS-Chmie公司的,比较例1用SLC 9291ES(Grace有限公司)比较例2用WDS2140(DS-Chemie公司)。实施例1:
方法与比较例1中所述相同,但是密封材料在加盖前加入0.3重量%的聚丙烯蜡。实施例2:
方法与比较例1中所述相同,但是密封圈在加盖前加入1.0重量%的聚酰胺蜡。实施例3:
方法与比较例1中所述相同,但是密封圈在加盖前加入1.0重量%的聚四氟乙烯。实施例4:
方法与比较例1中所述相同,但是密封圈在加盖前加入2.0重量%的聚四氟乙烯。比较试验
各种按比较例1以及实施例1到4制备的罐用HCM2000型封装机以1500罐/每分钟的速度在14℃下用1379型密封圈(Verschlie ssrollen)(圈1)和160058型密封圈(圈2)进行封闭,并在37℃下盖朝下站立储存。6个月后测得下例含铁量(ppm)。
表1
铁含量(ppm)比较例1 0.32
2 0.29实施例1 0.11
2 0.03
3 0.06
4 0.03
表1表明采用实施例1到4的复合物后与采用标准复合物时观察到的铁含量相比减少了约10到30%。
Claims (20)
1、带有双折缝密封的由薄板特别是由铝皮或钢皮制成的饮料罐,其中在折缝区中有一密封材料(复合物),它的基本组份是无氯的,并含有减摩擦添加剂。
2、按权利要求1的饮料罐,其中减摩擦添加剂选自低分子蜡和中、高分子聚合物,它们与复合物的基本组份不相容,并不能混匀。
3、按权利要求1或2的饮料罐,其中在折缝密封后,复合物至少能盖住罐体周边半径的区域。
4、按权利要求3的饮料罐,其中剩余的折缝区是由一般的密封材料组成。
5、按前述权利要求之一的饮料罐,其中减摩擦添加剂与复合物的其余组份不相容或仅仅是稍微相容。
6、按前述权利要求之一的饮料罐,其中复合物表面上涂敷有补加的减摩擦添加剂。
7、按前述权利要求之一的饮料罐,其中减摩擦添加剂是或含有聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺和/或聚四氟乙烯。
8、按前述权利要求之一的饮料罐,其中复合物至少含有无氯的不交联的或交联的天然或合成橡胶作为基本组份。
9、按权利要求8的饮料罐,其中复合物的基本组份是一种水基化合物或是一种溶剂基化合物。
10、按权利要求8或9的饮料罐,其中复合物至少另外含有一种天然树脂或合成树脂。
11、按权利要求10的饮料罐,其中树脂是一种碳氢化合物树脂。
12、按权利要求8到11之一的饮料罐,其中复合物含有一种苯乙烯/双烯弹性体作为基本组成。
13、按权利要求8到11之一的饮料罐,其中复合物是一种热塑性弹性体,特别是一种苯乙烯/双烯/苯乙烯三段共聚物。
14、按权利要求12或13的饮料罐,其中双烯是异戊二烯或丁二烯。
15、带有双折缝密封的由薄板特别是铝皮或钢皮制成的饮料罐,在折缝区有一个密封材料(复合物),该密封材料含有润滑剂。
16、罐头的密封材料(复合物),其中含有一种减摩擦添加剂。
17、按权利要求16的密封材料,其中含有至少一种无氯的不交联或交联的天然橡胶或合成橡胶作为基本组份。
18、按权利要求16或17的密封材料,其减摩擦添加剂是从(a)低分子蜡和(b)中和高分子聚合物中选取的,它与复合物的基本组份不相容也不能混匀。
19、按权利要求16到18之一的密封材料,其中减摩擦添加剂是或含有聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺和/或聚四氟乙烯。
20、由薄板制成的饮料罐的盖,有一个含有减摩擦添加剂的密封材料(复合物)。
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4442474.4 | 1994-11-29 | ||
DE4442474 | 1994-11-29 | ||
DE19526756A DE19526756A1 (de) | 1994-11-29 | 1995-07-21 | Getränkedose mit reduzierter Eisenabgabe |
DE19526756.7 | 1995-07-21 | ||
DE19541034A DE19541034A1 (de) | 1995-07-21 | 1995-11-03 | Getränkedose mit reduzierter Eisenabgabe |
DE19541034.3 | 1995-11-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1167498A true CN1167498A (zh) | 1997-12-10 |
CN1080753C CN1080753C (zh) | 2002-03-13 |
Family
ID=27207004
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN95196506.9A Expired - Fee Related CN1080753C (zh) | 1994-11-29 | 1995-11-27 | 铁释放少的饮料罐 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0794989B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1080753C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE183768T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU3923595A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2139248T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1004816A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1996017031A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4446393C1 (de) | 1994-12-23 | 1995-12-21 | Schmalbach Lubeca | Compound-Dip-Verfahren für Metalldosen |
AU2002215855A1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-27 | Ball Packaging Europe Gmbh | Long term stability of fillings in a two piece beverage container |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3986629A (en) * | 1973-07-16 | 1976-10-19 | The Southland Corporation | Thermoplastic can end sealant composition |
FR2276233A1 (fr) * | 1974-06-27 | 1976-01-23 | American Can Co | Recipient a double joint et son procede de fabrication |
US5128391A (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1992-07-07 | Borden, Inc. | Extensible and pasteurizable radiation curable coating for metal containing organofunctional silane adhesion promoter |
NZ228160A (en) * | 1988-03-18 | 1990-11-27 | Grace W R & Co | Hot melt gasket comprising an ethylene/olefinic carboxylic acid copolymer |
DE4229923A1 (de) * | 1992-09-08 | 1994-03-10 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verschlüssen von Verpackungsbehältern |
-
1995
- 1995-11-27 AU AU39235/95A patent/AU3923595A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-27 ES ES95936985T patent/ES2139248T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-27 WO PCT/DE1995/001671 patent/WO1996017031A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-11-27 EP EP95936985A patent/EP0794989B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-27 CN CN95196506.9A patent/CN1080753C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-27 AT AT95936985T patent/ATE183768T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-05-11 HK HK98104034A patent/HK1004816A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0794989A1 (de) | 1997-09-17 |
ATE183768T1 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
CN1080753C (zh) | 2002-03-13 |
WO1996017031A1 (de) | 1996-06-06 |
ES2139248T3 (es) | 2000-02-01 |
EP0794989B1 (de) | 1999-08-25 |
HK1004816A1 (en) | 1998-12-11 |
AU3923595A (en) | 1996-06-19 |
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