CN116748286A - System and method for preparing active powder by activating coal gangue through tunnel kiln - Google Patents
System and method for preparing active powder by activating coal gangue through tunnel kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN116748286A CN116748286A CN202310711759.XA CN202310711759A CN116748286A CN 116748286 A CN116748286 A CN 116748286A CN 202310711759 A CN202310711759 A CN 202310711759A CN 116748286 A CN116748286 A CN 116748286A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052637 diopside Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004137 mechanical activation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
- F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for preparing active powder by using tunnel kiln activated coal gangue, wherein the system comprises a raw material processing unit, a homogenizing unit, a forming unit, a drying unit, a roasting unit, a pulverizing unit and an operating unit which are sequentially matched; the method comprises the following steps: 1. treating raw materials; 2. homogenizing; 3. shaping; 4. drying; 5. roasting; 6. and (5) pulverizing. According to the preparation system, the units are arranged, so that the activated admixture and the coal gangue are converted into powder, and the activity of the active powder is improved by using roasting activation and mechanical activation in the roasting unit and the pulverizing unit, so that the preparation of the active powder by activating the coal gangue is realized; the method of the invention takes the gangue as the raw material and adds the activating admixture, thereby effectively reducing the thermal activation temperature of the gangue, exciting the activity of the gangue, simultaneously combining with mechanical activation to further excite the activity of the gangue, and improving the activation rate of the gangue and the utilization amount of the gangue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid wastes, and particularly relates to a system and a method for preparing active powder by utilizing tunnel kiln activated coal gangue.
Background
The gangue is solid waste discharged in the coal mining process and the coal washing process, and is black gray rock which is associated with coal beds in the coal forming process, has lower carbon content and is harder than coal.
The gangue has low activity, so the utilization efficiency is not high. But the gangue contains a large amount of Al 2 O 3 、SiO 2 Can be used as a resource for activation and utilization, and realizes the recycling of solid wastes. Therefore, how to effectively improve the activity of the coal gangue is a key for determining the efficient utilization of the coal gangue.
The existing process method for thermally activating the coal gangue mainly comprises vertical kiln roasting and rotary kiln roasting, wherein the two kiln roasting has the defects of insufficient heat preservation time and higher roasting temperature, so that the surface layer of activated coal gangue particles is an over-fired layer, the inside is an under-fired layer, and the inside and the outside have no optimal activation degree, thereby leading to poor activation performance.
In the process for preparing the baked brick by the tunnel kiln, the heat preservation time of the green body in a high temperature area is generally 6-8 hours, the roasting temperature is 850-1050 ℃, the optimal activation temperature range of the medium temperature area of the coal gangue is met, and the materials can be fully activated even if the sufficient heat preservation time is provided.
At present, because of the tightening of national environmental protection policies and the development of 'sticking forbidden' actions in various places, many production lines for preparing sintered bricks by tunnel kiln face the 'no-material and burnable' state, the coal gangue activation process is introduced into the production line for sintering by tunnel kiln, and is win-win for the two processes. Meanwhile, the superposition of the process is accompanied by a plurality of technical difficulties, such as control of the activation temperature and the heat preservation time, sufficient mixing of materials, cooling of the activated sample, preparation of the activated powder, storage of the activated powder, production of two products on the same production line, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a system for preparing active powder by using tunnel kiln activated coal gangue, aiming at the defects in the prior art. The preparation system is characterized in that a raw material processing unit, a homogenizing unit, a forming unit, a drying unit, a roasting unit, a pulverizing unit and an operating unit are arranged, so that the activated admixture and the coal gangue are sequentially subjected to crushing and mixing, homogenizing, green forming, drying, green roasting and crushing to be converted into powder, and the activity of the active powder is improved by roasting activation and mechanical activation in the roasting unit and the pulverizing unit, so that the activated preparation of the active powder by the coal gangue is realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a system for preparing active powder by activating coal gangue through a tunnel kiln is characterized by comprising a raw material processing unit, a homogenizing unit, a forming unit, a drying unit, a roasting unit, a pulverizing unit and an operating unit which are matched in sequence.
The system for preparing the active powder by using the tunnel kiln activated coal gangue is characterized in that the raw material processing unit comprises a first feeding machine for supplying an activated admixture and a second feeding machine for supplying the coal gangue, wherein the outlet of the first feeding machine is sequentially connected with a first disc sieve type feeder, a roller crusher and a double-shaft stirrer, the outlet of the second feeding machine is sequentially connected with a first jaw crusher, a first hammer crusher and a rotary screen, and the outlet of the rotary screen is connected with the inlet of the first disc sieve type feeder;
the homogenizing unit comprises a reversible material distributor matched with the double-shaft stirrer in the raw material processing unit, a homogenizing bin is arranged at the outlet of the reversible material distributor, and a multi-bucket excavator is matched with the homogenizing bin;
the forming unit comprises a material buffer box type feeder matched with a homogenization bin in the homogenization unit, the material buffer box type feeder is sequentially connected with a second disc sieve type feeder and a vacuum extruder, and the vacuum extruder is matched with an automatic setting machine;
The drying unit comprises a pre-drying chamber and a drying chamber connected with the pre-drying chamber;
the roasting unit comprises a tunnel type roasting kiln;
the powder making unit comprises a second jaw crusher, a second hammer crusher and a temporary storage bin arranged between the second jaw crusher and the second hammer crusher, wherein an outlet of the second hammer crusher is connected with an ultrafine vertical mill, and the ultrafine vertical mill is matched with a finished product bin;
the operation unit comprises a kiln car track laid in the forming unit, the drying unit and the roasting unit and a kiln car matched with the kiln car track, wherein the kiln car is matched with a ferry car, a car jacking machine, an outlet tractor, a tractor and a truss car.
The system for preparing the active powder by using the tunnel kiln to activate the coal gangue is characterized in that a drying chamber in the drying unit is a tunnel type drying kiln, and the width of the tunnel type drying kiln is the same as that of a tunnel type roasting kiln in the roasting unit.
The system for preparing the active powder by using the tunnel kiln activated coal gangue is characterized in that a heating section, a high temperature section and a cooling section are sequentially arranged in the tunnel kiln in the roasting unit.
In addition, the invention also discloses a method for preparing active powder by using the system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one, raw material treatment: the main material gangue is fed into a first jaw crusher for coarse crushing by a second feeder, fed into a first hammer crusher for fine crushing, fed into a drum screen by a belt conveyor for screening to obtain gangue powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and fed into a first disc screen type feeder; feeding the activated admixture with the particle size smaller than 0.5mm into a first disc screen type feeder through a first feeder, carrying out primary mixing and stirring on the activated admixture and the fed gangue powder to obtain a first mixture, then feeding the first mixture into a roller crusher through a belt conveyor to carry out secondary mixing and stirring on the first mixture to obtain a second mixture, and then feeding the second mixture into a double-shaft stirrer to carry out tertiary mixing and stirring on the second mixture in water to obtain a third mixture;
the mass water content of the third mixture is 8% -10%;
step two, homogenization treatment: conveying the third mixture obtained in the first step into a reversible material distributor through a belt conveyor, uniformly throwing the third mixture into a homogenizing bin, standing and homogenizing for more than 48 hours to obtain a homogenized material, and then digging out by adopting a multi-bucket excavator and conveying the homogenized material onto the belt conveyor;
step three, molding treatment: delivering the homogenized material obtained in the second step into a material buffer box type feeder for buffer storage through a belt conveyor, delivering the homogenized material into a second disc screen type feeder for fourth mixing and stirring through the belt conveyor to obtain a fourth mixed material, delivering the fourth mixed material into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a molded blank body, storing a blank stacking area, and transferring the molded blank body into a kiln car through an automatic blank stacking machine;
Step four, drying treatment: driving the kiln car carrying the formed blank in the third step into a predrying chamber through a kiln car track by utilizing a transition car, a car jacking machine and a tractor to predry, then conveying the kiln car into a drying chamber to carry out drying, and driving the kiln car out of the drying chamber by utilizing the transition car, an outlet tractor and the tractor to obtain a dry blank; the mass water content of the dry green body is less than 5%;
step five, roasting treatment: the kiln car carrying the dry green body in the fourth step is driven into a tunnel type roasting kiln through a kiln car track by utilizing a ferry car, a car jacking machine and a tractor to carry out high-temperature activation, and then the kiln car is driven out of the tunnel type roasting kiln by utilizing the ferry car, an outlet tractor and the tractor and stored in a brick unloading area to carry out cooling, so that an active green body is obtained;
step six, pulverizing: the active green body obtained in the fifth step is sent into a second jaw crusher to be coarsely crushed by utilizing a truss, and stored in a temporary storage bin to be sealed and preserved, then sent into a second hammer crusher to be finely crushed by a belt conveyor, and then sent into a superfine vertical mill to be finely crushed into powder, so as to obtain active powder, and sent into a finished product bin to be stored; the fineness of the active powder is 400-600 meshes.
The active powder is obtained by adding the activating admixture and sequentially carrying out raw material treatment, homogenization treatment, molding treatment, drying treatment, roasting treatment and pulverizing treatment, the thermal activation temperature of the coal gangue is effectively reduced, the crystal structure of the coal gangue can be changed to generate activity, the activity of the coal gangue is greatly stimulated, mechanical activation is carried out by combining superfine powder grinding, the activity of the coal gangue is further stimulated, the problem of imperfect activation technology in the prior art is solved, and the activation rate of the coal gangue is improved.
The method is characterized in that in the first step, the dry basis weight content of the gangue is 85-90%, the dry basis weight content of the activating admixture is 10-15%, the mass content of quartz sand in the mineral component of the gangue is more than 40%, the mass content of clay mineral is more than 50%, and the mass content of SO in the chemical component of the gangue is as follows 3 The mass content of (2) is less than 1%, siO 2 The mass content of (2) is more than 50%, al 2 O 3 The mass content of (2) is more than 10%;
the activated admixture consists of a fluxing agent and a solid waste admixture according to the mass ratio of 30:70, wherein the fluxing agent consists of potassium feldspar, albite and diopside according to the mass ratio of 30:20:50, the solid waste admixture is domestic sludge, carbide slag or aluminum ash, and the chemical components of the domestic sludge are Al 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The mass content of (a) is all5% or more of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 More than 1.18, the mass content of CaO in the chemical components of the carbide slag is more than 40 percent, and the mass content of Al in the chemical components of the aluminum ash is more than 1.18 2 O 3 The mass content of AlN in the mineral component is more than 40% and less than 15%; the activated admixture has a dry basis weight content of domestic sludge below 5%, a dry basis weight content of carbide slag below 10% and a dry basis weight content of aluminum ash below 5%.
According to the invention, by controlling the phase composition and the composition proportion of the coal gangue, the active potential composition in the coal gangue is effectively controlled, and the active powder is ensured to be prepared; meanwhile, the content of alkaline oxide with solubility is controlled by activating the composition components and proportion of the admixture and the dry basis mass ratio of the solid waste admixture, thereby being beneficial to reducing the eutectic temperature and effectively exciting the activity of the coal gangue.
The method is characterized in that when the solid waste admixture in the activated admixture in the first step is domestic sludge, the temperature of the high-temperature section subjected to high-temperature activation in the fifth step is 850-900 ℃; when the solid waste admixture in the activating admixture in the first step is carbide slag, the temperature of the high-temperature section of the high-temperature activation in the fifth step is 850-1000 ℃; when the solid waste admixture in the activated admixture in the first step is aluminum ash, the temperature of the high-temperature section of the high-temperature activation in the fifth step is 800-900 ℃.
The method is characterized in that the high-temperature activation in the fifth step is divided into three stages: the temperature of the first stage, namely the temperature rising stage, is 50-800 ℃, the temperature of the second stage, namely the temperature of the high temperature stage, is 800-1000 ℃, and the temperature of the third stage, namely the temperature reducing stage, is 1000-50 ℃.
The method is characterized in that a cooling fan is arranged in the brick unloading area for cooling, and the cooling rate of cooling is more than 10 ℃/min. A group of cooling fans are arranged in the opposite side areas in the brick unloading area to realize rapid cooling, so that the crystal structure in the coal gangue is further promoted to be broken down, and the activity of the active powder is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the preparation system comprises a raw material processing unit, a homogenizing unit, a forming unit, a drying unit, a roasting unit, a pulverizing unit and an operating unit, so that the activated admixture and the coal gangue are sequentially crushed and uniformly mixed, homogenized, green-body formed, dried, baked and crushed into powder, and the activity of the active powder is improved by using the roasting activation and mechanical activation in the roasting unit and the pulverizing unit, and the activated preparation of the active powder by the coal gangue is realized.
2. The preparation system has the advantages that the structure of each unit is clear, the connection is orderly, the preparation of the active green body and the active powder is realized through improving the existing brick factory equipment, no additional production line is needed, and the preparation cost is effectively saved.
3. The preparation system designs crushing equipment for different raw materials in the raw material processing unit, and adopts the disc sieve type feeder to mix crushed gangue powder with the activated admixture and perform twice dry mixing and once wet mixing, so that the mixing degree is improved, segregation caused by local agglomeration in the mixture is avoided, the subsequent uniformity and forming effect are ensured, the dosage of the activated admixture is increased, and the forming effect of the high-doping-amount activated admixture is improved.
4. According to the invention, the coal gangue is used as a main body of the raw material, and the activation admixture is added, so that the thermal activation temperature of the coal gangue is effectively reduced, the activity of the coal gangue is excited, and meanwhile, the activity of the coal gangue is further excited by combining with mechanical activation, so that the activation rate of the coal gangue is improved.
5. The preparation process of the active powder takes the gangue and the activated admixture as raw materials, does not need to additionally add chemical reagents, improves the utilization amount of the gangue, has no pollution in the whole process, reduces the preparation cost and realizes the utilization of resources.
6. According to the invention, different roasting schemes are selected according to different compositions of the activated admixture, so that the optimal ratio among the green strength, the green strength and the plasticity is obtained, the influence of improper component ratio in the activated admixture on the strength of an activated green body is avoided, the heat activation efficiency is reduced, and the subsequent powder preparation energy consumption is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing active powder by using tunnel kiln activated coal gangue in the invention.
1-1, a first feeder; 1-2, a second feeding machine; 2-a first disc screen feeder; 3-roller crusher; 4-a first jaw crusher; 5-a first hammer crusher;
6-a drum screen; 7-a double-shaft stirrer; 8-a reversible spreader;
9, homogenizing the storehouse; 10-a multi-bucket excavator; 11-a material buffer box type feeder; 12-a second disc screen feeder; 13-a vacuum extruder;
14-a pre-drying chamber; 15-a drying chamber; 16-a tunnel kiln;
17-kiln car; 18-kiln car track; 19-an automatic setting machine;
20-a ferry vehicle; 21-a car lifter; 22-exit tractor;
23-a tractor; 24-truss; 25-a second jaw crusher;
26-temporary storage bin; 27-a second hammer crusher; 28-superfine vertical mill;
29-finished product bin.
Detailed Description
The system for preparing active powder by using tunnel kiln activated coal gangue is described in detail by the embodiment 1.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the system for preparing active powder by activating coal gangue through tunnel kiln of the embodiment comprises a raw material processing unit, a homogenizing unit, a forming unit, a drying unit, a roasting unit, a pulverizing unit and an operating unit;
the raw material treatment unit comprises a first feeding machine 1-1 for supplying an activated admixture and a second feeding machine 1-2 for supplying coal gangue, wherein a first disc screen type feeder 2, a roller crusher 3 and a double-shaft stirrer 7 are sequentially connected to the outlet of the first feeding machine 1-1, a first jaw crusher 4, a first hammer crusher 5 and a rotary screen 6 are sequentially connected to the outlet of the second feeding machine 1-2, and the outlet of the rotary screen 6 is connected with the inlet of the first disc screen type feeder 2;
The homogenizing unit comprises a reversible distributor 8 matched with a double-shaft stirrer 7 in the raw material processing unit, a homogenizing bin 9 is arranged at the outlet of the reversible distributor 8, and a multi-bucket excavator 10 is matched with the homogenizing bin 9;
the forming unit comprises a material buffer box type feeder 11 matched with a homogenization bin 9 in the homogenization unit, the material buffer box type feeder 11 is sequentially connected with a second disc sieve type feeder 12 and a vacuum extruder 13, and the vacuum extruder 13 is matched with an automatic setting machine 19;
the drying unit includes a pre-drying chamber 14 and a drying chamber 15 connected to the pre-drying chamber 14;
the firing unit includes a tunnel kiln 16;
the pulverizing unit comprises a second jaw crusher 25, a second hammer crusher 27 and a temporary storage bin 26 arranged between the second jaw crusher 25 and the second hammer crusher 27, wherein an outlet of the second hammer crusher 27 is connected with an ultrafine vertical mill 28, and the ultrafine vertical mill 28 is matched with a finished product bin 29;
the running unit comprises a kiln car track 18 paved in the forming unit, the drying unit and the roasting unit and a kiln car 17 matched with the kiln car track 18, wherein the kiln car 17 is matched with a ferry car 20, a car jacking machine 21, an outlet tractor 22, a tractor 23 and a truss car 24.
The embodiment introduces a gangue activation process into a tunnel kiln sintering system, and obtains a system for preparing active powder by improving the tunnel kiln sintering system, wherein the system comprises a raw material processing unit, a homogenizing unit, a forming unit, a drying unit, a roasting unit, a pulverizing unit and an operating unit.
In the raw material processing unit of the embodiment, a first feeder 1-1 for supplying an activated admixture and a second feeder 1-2 for supplying coal gangue are arranged, the activated admixture and the coal gangue are respectively used for conveying two raw materials for preparing active powder out of a raw material temporary storage area, continuous feeding is carried out on a subsequent crushing machine, the activated admixture with smaller particle size enters the first disc-type feeder 2 through the first feeder 1-1 smoothly, and simultaneously, a first jaw crusher 4, a first hammer crusher 5 and a drum screen 6 are sequentially connected through the outlet of the second feeder 1-2, and the outlet of the drum screen 6 is connected with the inlet of the first disc-type feeder 2, so that the coal gangue with larger particle size enters the first jaw crusher 4 through the second feeder 1-2 to be coarsely crushed, then enters the first hammer crusher 5 and is finely crushed through the first hammer crusher 6, and the particle size of the activated admixture is fully mixed with the coal gangue through the second hammer crusher 6; the coal gangue powder enters the first disc screen type feeder 2 and the activated admixture for primary dry mixing, the primary mixed coal gangue powder and the activated admixture are continuously fed into the roller crusher 3 for secondary dry mixing, and then the secondary dry mixing is carried out by adding water into the double-shaft mixer 7 for tertiary wet mixing, and through the secondary dry mixing and the primary wet mixing, the activated admixture and the coal gangue powder are fully mixed and then added with water to form wet materials, so that segregation caused by local agglomeration in the mixture due to water addition is avoided, and the subsequent uniform and molding effect is ensured.
In the homogenization unit of the embodiment, through setting up the reversible cloth machine 8 that cooperates with biax agitator 7 in the raw materials processing unit, and the exit of reversible cloth machine 8 is provided with homogenization storehouse 9, and homogenization storehouse 9 is supporting to have many drawers of excavator 10, evenly throw into homogenization storehouse 9 through reversible cloth machine 8 with the wet material after adding water and keep stand homogenization, improved the homogenization effect that adds water, be favorable to giving play to the plasticity of raw materials, guaranteed the shaping ability, and utilize many drawers of excavator 10 to dig out the homogenization material and operate and send into next unit after the homogenization is accomplished.
In the forming unit of the embodiment, by arranging the material buffer box type feeder 11 matched with the homogenization bin 9 in the homogenization unit, the material buffer box type feeder 11 is used for accommodating the homogenization materials running by the buffer multi-bucket excavator 10, the second disc sieve type feeder 12 and the vacuum extruder 13 are sequentially connected to the material buffer box type feeder 11, and the vacuum extruder 13 is matched with the automatic setting machine 19, so that the homogenization materials firstly enter the second disc sieve type feeder 12 to be stirred and uniformly mixed, then are sent to the vacuum extruder 13 to be extruded and formed to obtain a formed blank, and the blank is set by the matched automatic setting machine 19 and conveyed to the next unit.
In the drying unit of this embodiment, through setting up the drying chamber 14 and the drying chamber 15 of being connected with the drying chamber 14 in advance, send into the shaping body in advance in the drying chamber 14 and carry out drying in advance in the drying chamber 15 again and get the dry body, on the one hand make the shaping body progressively heated and heat up the drying, avoid quick drying to lead to the blank to appear the phenomenon of dry crack even damage, guaranteed going on smoothly of follow-up calcination, on the other hand effectively controlled the water content of dry body, avoid the too big blank that leads to the moisture to burst because of rapid thermal expansion when roasting in follow-up thermal activation roasting unit, influence the thermal activation effect of calcination.
In the roasting unit of the embodiment, the active green body is obtained by roasting and thermally activating the blank by arranging the tunnel type roasting kiln 16, and the accuracy of the roasting and activating temperature and the heat preservation time is effectively controlled by utilizing the characteristic of stable thermal conditions of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16, so that the uniform change of the crystal structure of the gangue is promoted by the activating admixture in the active green body, the activity of the gangue is stimulated to the greatest extent, and the active powder is obtained; meanwhile, according to different types of the activated admixture, parameters of roasting and activation in the tunnel roasting kiln 16 are conveniently adjusted so as to meet the requirements of various activated admixtures and ensure that active powder is obtained.
In the pulverizing unit of this embodiment, through setting up second jaw breaker 25 and second hammer breaker 27 to and set up the temporary storage storehouse 26 between second jaw breaker 25 and second hammer breaker 27, utilize second jaw breaker 25 to carry out coarse crushing to the active green body, and transport to temporary storage storehouse 26 and store, utilize second hammer breaker 27 to carry out the fine crushing, through the export connection superfine vertical mill 28 at second hammer breaker 27, and superfine vertical mill 28 is supporting to have finished product storehouse 29, utilize superfine vertical mill 28 to carry out superfine crushing and mechanical activation to the powder after the fine crushing, in obtaining the packing of superfine active powder, utilize mechanical activation to further arouse gangue activity, activation effect has been improved.
In the operation unit of this embodiment, a kiln car rail 18 is laid in a forming unit, a drying unit and a roasting unit, and a kiln car 17 is arranged on the kiln car rail 18, so that formed blanks in the forming unit are sequentially sent into a pre-drying chamber and a drying chamber of the drying unit to be pre-dried and dried, the dried blanks in the drying unit are continuously sent into the roasting unit to be activated, the obtained active blanks are transported out for cooling, meanwhile, a ferry car 20, a roof car 21, an outlet tractor 22 and a tractor 23 are matched with the kiln car 17, the ferry car 20 is utilized to realize the transfer of materials on the kiln car 17 in different units, the roof car 21, the outlet tractor 22 and the tractor 23 are utilized as power mechanisms of the kiln car 17, so that the kiln car 17 can drive in and drive out in different units, and a truss car 24 matched with the kiln car 17 in the roasting unit is utilized to drive the active blanks into the powder making unit. The transferring unit of the embodiment realizes continuous transferring of materials in the forming unit, the drying unit and the roasting unit, and realizes continuous and automatic preparation process of the active powder.
Generally, the bottom of the kiln car 17 in the operation unit of the embodiment is generally provided with two or four rows of wheels, and the kiln car is matched with a kiln car rail 18 installed on the ground to carry out running motion; the transition car 20 is used for reciprocating motion of the kiln car 17 in the direction perpendicular to the driving direction, the car jack 21 is used for driving the kiln car 17 into the drying unit and the roasting unit, the exit tractor 22 is used for driving the kiln car 17 out of the drying unit and the roasting unit, the tractor 23 provides a power source for the kiln car 17 to travel in the stacking area and the brick unloading area, and the truss car 24 is used for unloading bricks from the kiln car 17. In general, kiln car 17 and corresponding kiln car track 18 are arranged in 1-2 groups in the stacking area and the brick unloading area, and 1 group is arranged in each of the pre-drying chamber 14 and the drying chamber 15 and in the tunnel-type roasting kiln 16.
The single arrow in fig. 1 represents the direction of travel of kiln car 17; the double key head represents the direction of reciprocation of the ferry vehicle 20.
Further, the drying chamber 15 in the drying unit in this embodiment is a tunnel drying kiln, and the width of the tunnel drying kiln is the same as that of the tunnel kiln 16 in the roasting unit. The common width is 4.6m, 4.8m, 6.9m, 7.2m or 9.6m, the baking mode after drying is one-time code baking, and the number of layers of the code blank is 12-14. By arranging the tunnel type drying kiln and the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 with the same width, the dried green body sent out by the drying chamber 15 is conveniently transported into the tunnel type roasting kiln 16, and roasting and activating are carried out under the similar placing condition in the drying chamber 15, so that the consistency of drying and roasting is improved, and the activation effect is improved.
The system for preparing the active powder by using the tunnel kiln activated coal gangue is characterized in that a heating section, a high temperature section and a cooling section are sequentially arranged in the tunnel kiln 16 in the roasting unit. In this embodiment, the heating section, the high temperature section and the cooling section are sequentially arranged in the tunnel kiln 16, so as to control the sequential heating, activating and cooling processes of the dry green body, and promote the gradual change of the crystal structure of the gangue in the dry green body, thereby greatly exciting the activity of the gangue.
Typically, the length of the drying unit is 27-30 parking spaces, wherein the length of the pre-drying chamber 14 is 9-11 parking spaces, the length of the drying chamber 15 is 17-19 parking spaces, the two parking spaces are separated by 1-2 parking spaces, and the drying heat source is from the waste heat of the cooling section of the roasting kiln. By controlling the length and interval of the pre-drying chamber 14 and the drying chamber 15 in the drying unit, the moisture on the surface of the formed blank body can be quickly transferred to the surface and quickly emitted in the pre-drying process of the formed blank body, so that the drying effect is improved, and the drying period is shortened.
The tunnel type roasting kiln 16 has a length of 27-30 parking spaces, wherein the heating section has a length of 10-12 parking spaces, the high-temperature section has a length of 7-10 parking spaces, and the cooling section has a length of 10-12 parking spaces. By controlling the length of the tunnel kiln 16 in the firing cell to match the processing time of the respective stages, a continuous progression of the firing process is achieved.
The method for preparing the active powder by using the tunnel kiln activated coal gangue is described in detail by examples 2 to 4.
The chemical compositions of the gangue, the domestic sludge, the carbide slag and the aluminum ash used in examples 2 to 4 of the present invention are shown in the following tables 1 to 4.
Table 1 chemical composition of gangue
| Composition of the components | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O | SO 3 | TiO 2 | Loss on ignition |
| Content (%) | 63.21 | 13.70 | 6.76 | 2.09 | 1.83 | 2.74 | 0.32 | 0.59 | 0.84 | 7.92 |
TABLE 2 chemical compositions of domestic sludge
| Composition of the components | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O | SO 3 | TiO 2 | Loss on ignition |
| Content (%) | 19.47 | 9.89 | 3.51 | 1.99 | 0.20 | 0.63 | 0.92 | 0.59 | 0.47 | 62.32 |
TABLE 3 chemical composition of carbide slag
| Composition of the components | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O | SO 3 | TiO 2 | Loss on ignition |
| Content (%) | 2.91 | 1.33 | 0.32 | 41.46 | 5.43 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 41.24 |
TABLE 4 chemical composition of aluminum ash
| Composition of the components | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O | SO 3 | TiO 2 | Loss on ignition |
| Content (%) | 4.21 | 41.11 | 0.93 | 1.00 | 0.26 | 6.75 | 6.23 | 13.28 | 0.26 | / |
The mass content of the coal gangue adopted in the embodiment 1 to the embodiment 4 of the invention is 95% relative to the dry basis, the mass water content is 5%, the main mineral phases comprise quartz, chlorite, illite and nitratine, wherein the mass content of the quartz is 53.7%, the mass content of the chlorite is 32.3%, the total mass of the chlorite and the chlorite is 86%, the mass content of the illite is 12.2%, and the mass content of the nitratine is 1.8%; the main mineral phase of the sludge in the adopted activated admixture is amorphous phase, the mass content is 54.1%, the crystalline mineral is mainly quartz, the mass content is 35.5%, in addition, the mass content of kaolinite is 1.9%, the mass content of chlorite is 4.8%, and the mass content of mica is 4.2%.
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material treatment: the main material gangue is fed into a first jaw crusher 4 for coarse crushing by a second feeder 1-2, fed into a first hammer crusher 5 for fine crushing, fed into a drum screen 6 by a belt conveyor for screening to obtain gangue powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and fed into a first disc screen type feeder 2; the activated admixture sludge with the particle size smaller than 0.5mm is sent into a first disc screen type feeder 2 through a first feeder 1-1, and is mixed and stirred with the sent gangue powder for the first time to obtain a first mixture, then the first mixture is sent into a roller crusher 3 through a belt conveyor to be mixed and stirred for the second time to obtain a second mixture, and then the second mixture is sent into a double-shaft stirrer 7 to be mixed and stirred for the third time in water to obtain a third mixture; the mass water content of the third mixture is 8%;
the dry basis mass content in the coal gangue is 90%, and the dry basis mass content in the activating admixture is 10%; the activated admixture consists of a fluxing agent and a solid waste admixture according to the mass ratio of 30:70, wherein the fluxing agent consists of potassium feldspar, albite and diopside according to the mass ratio of 30:20:50, the solid waste admixture is domestic sludge, and the dry basis mass content of the domestic sludge in the activated admixture is 2.8%;
Step two, homogenization treatment: the third mixture obtained in the first step is sent into a reversible material distributor 8 through a belt conveyor, evenly thrown into a homogenization bin 9, kept stand and homogenized for 48 hours to obtain a homogenized material, and then excavated by a multi-bucket excavator 10 and sent into the belt conveyor;
step three, molding treatment: delivering the homogenized material obtained in the second step into a material buffer box type feeder 11 for buffer storage through a belt conveyor, delivering the homogenized material into a second disc screen type feeder 12 for fourth mixing and stirring to obtain a fourth mixed material, delivering the fourth mixed material into a vacuum extruder 13 for extrusion molding to obtain a molded blank body, storing a blank stacking area, transferring the molded blank body into a kiln car 17 through an automatic blank stacking machine 19, and parking the kiln car in a car storage line for temporary storage after the kiln car is stacked; the molded green body is of a kp1 type, and the external dimension (length multiplied by width multiplied by height) is 240mm multiplied by 115mm multiplied by 90mm;
step four, drying treatment: transversely ferrying the kiln car 17 carrying the formed green body in the third step to the car inlet end of the pre-drying chamber 14 by utilizing a ferry car 20, driving the kiln car 17 into the pre-drying chamber 14 for pre-drying under the action of a car jacking machine 21 and a tractor 23 through a kiln car track 18, then conveying the kiln car 17 into a drying chamber 15 for drying, and driving the kiln car 17 out of the drying chamber 15 by utilizing an outlet tractor 22 and the tractor 23 to obtain a dried green body; the mass water content of the dry green body is 4.0%;
Step five, roasting treatment: the kiln car 17 carrying the dry green body in the fourth step is transversely ferred to the car inlet end of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 by using a ferry car 20, and is driven into the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 through a kiln car track 18 under the action of a car jacking machine 21 and a tractor 23 to perform high-temperature activation, the activation period is 28h, the car inlet speed is 1 car/h, the length of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 is 28 parking spaces, the length of a heating area is 10 parking spaces, the length of the high-temperature area is 8 parking spaces, the length of a cooling area is 10 parking spaces, the temperature of a low-temperature section is 50-800 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature section is 850-900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6h, the temperature of the cooling section is 900-50 ℃, then the car 17 is driven out of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 by using an outlet tractor 22 and a tractor 23, and is transversely transferred into a brick unloading area under the action of the ferry car 20, the cooling fan arranged in the brick unloading area is used for cooling, and the cooling rate of the cooling is more than 10 ℃/min for cooling, so that the activity green body is obtained; the high-temperature activation heat value required by the active blank is 350-450 kilocalories/kg;
step six, pulverizing: the active green body obtained in the fifth step is sent into a second jaw crusher 25 to be coarsely crushed by utilizing a truss vehicle 24, and is stored in a temporary storage bin 26 to be hermetically stored, then is sent into a second hammer crusher 27 to be finely crushed by utilizing a belt conveyor, and is sent into an ultrafine vertical mill 28 to be finely ground into powder, so that active powder is obtained, and is sent into a finished product bin 29 to be stored, and is packaged by a packer to obtain a finished product; the fineness of the active powder is 400-600 meshes.
Example 3
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material treatment: the main material gangue is fed into a first jaw crusher 4 for coarse crushing by a second feeder 1-2, fed into a first hammer crusher 5 for fine crushing, fed into a drum screen 6 by a belt conveyor for screening to obtain gangue powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and fed into a first disc screen type feeder 2; the activated admixture sludge with the particle size smaller than 0.5mm is sent into a first disc screen type feeder 2 through a first feeder 1-1, and is mixed and stirred with the sent gangue powder for the first time to obtain a first mixture, then the first mixture is sent into a roller crusher 3 through a belt conveyor to be mixed and stirred for the second time to obtain a second mixture, and then the second mixture is sent into a double-shaft stirrer 7 to be mixed and stirred for the third time in water to obtain a third mixture; the mass water content of the third mixture is 9%;
the dry basis mass content in the coal gangue is 85%, and the dry basis mass content in the activating admixture is 15%; the activated admixture consists of a fluxing agent and a solid waste admixture according to the mass ratio of 30:70, wherein the fluxing agent consists of potassium feldspar, albite and diopside according to the mass ratio of 30:20:50, the solid waste admixture is carbide slag, and the dry basis mass content of the carbide slag in the activated admixture is 10%;
Step two, homogenization treatment: the third mixture obtained in the first step is sent into a reversible material distributor 8 through a belt conveyor, evenly thrown into a homogenization bin 9, kept stand and homogenized for 50 hours to obtain a homogenized material, and then excavated by a multi-bucket excavator 10 and sent into the belt conveyor;
step three, molding treatment: delivering the homogenized material obtained in the second step into a material buffer box type feeder 11 for buffer storage through a belt conveyor, delivering the homogenized material into a second disc screen type feeder 12 for fourth mixing and stirring to obtain a fourth mixed material, delivering the fourth mixed material into a vacuum extruder 13 for extrusion molding to obtain a molded blank body, storing a blank stacking area, transferring the molded blank body into a kiln car 17 through an automatic blank stacking machine 19, and parking the kiln car in a car storage line for temporary storage after the kiln car is stacked; the molded green body is of a kp1 type, and the external dimension (length multiplied by width multiplied by height) is 240mm multiplied by 115mm multiplied by 90mm;
step four, drying treatment: transversely ferrying the kiln car 17 carrying the formed green body in the third step to the car inlet end of the pre-drying chamber 14 by utilizing a ferry car 20, driving the kiln car 17 into the pre-drying chamber 14 for pre-drying under the action of a car jacking machine 21 and a tractor 23 through a kiln car track 18, then conveying the kiln car 17 into a drying chamber 15 for drying, and driving the kiln car 17 out of the drying chamber 15 by utilizing an outlet tractor 22 and the tractor 23 to obtain a dried green body; the mass water content of the dry green body is 4.2%;
Step five, roasting treatment: the kiln car 17 carrying the dry green body in the fourth step is transversely ferred to the car inlet end of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 by using a ferry car 20, and is driven into the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 through a kiln car track 18 under the action of a car jacking machine 21 and a tractor 23 to perform high-temperature activation, the activation period is 28h, the car inlet speed is 1 car/h, the length of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 is 28 parking spaces, the length of a heating area is 10 parking spaces, the length of the high-temperature area is 8 parking spaces, the length of a cooling area is 10 parking spaces, the temperature of the temperature section is 50-800 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature section is 850-1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8h, the temperature of the cooling section is 900-50 ℃, then the kiln car 17 is driven out of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 by using an outlet tractor 22 and a tractor 23, the kiln car is transversely transferred into a brick unloading area under the action of the ferry car 20, the brick unloading area is cooled by using a cooling fan arranged at the cooling speed of more than 10 ℃/min, and the activity is obtained; the high-temperature activation heat value required by the active blank is 350-450 kilocalories/kg;
step six, pulverizing: the active green body obtained in the fifth step is sent into a second jaw crusher 25 to be coarsely crushed by utilizing a truss vehicle 24, and is stored in a temporary storage bin 26 to be hermetically stored, then is sent into a second hammer crusher 27 to be finely crushed by utilizing a belt conveyor, and is sent into an ultrafine vertical mill 28 to be finely ground into powder, so that active powder is obtained, and is sent into a finished product bin 29 to be stored, and is packaged by a packer to obtain a finished product; the fineness of the active powder is 400-600 meshes.
Example 4
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material treatment: the main material gangue is fed into a first jaw crusher 4 for coarse crushing by a second feeder 1-2, fed into a first hammer crusher 5 for fine crushing, fed into a drum screen 6 by a belt conveyor for screening to obtain gangue powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and fed into a first disc screen type feeder 2; the activated admixture sludge with the particle size smaller than 0.5mm is sent into a first disc screen type feeder 2 through a first feeder 1-1, and is mixed and stirred with the sent gangue powder for the first time to obtain a first mixture, then the first mixture is sent into a roller crusher 3 through a belt conveyor to be mixed and stirred for the second time to obtain a second mixture, and then the second mixture is sent into a double-shaft stirrer 7 to be mixed and stirred for the third time in water to obtain a third mixture; the mass water content of the third mixture is 10%;
the dry basis mass content in the coal gangue is 90%, and the dry basis mass content in the activating admixture is 10%; the activated admixture consists of a fluxing agent and a solid waste admixture according to the mass ratio of 30:70, wherein the fluxing agent consists of potassium feldspar, albite and diopside according to the mass ratio of 30:20:50, the solid waste admixture is aluminum ash, and the mass content of the aluminum ash in the activated admixture is 4.1%;
Step two, homogenization treatment: the third mixture obtained in the first step is sent into a reversible material distributor 8 through a belt conveyor, evenly thrown into a homogenization bin 9, kept stand and homogenized for 52 hours to obtain homogenized materials, and then excavated by a multi-bucket excavator 10 and sent into the belt conveyor;
step three, molding treatment: delivering the homogenized material obtained in the second step into a material buffer box type feeder 11 for buffer storage through a belt conveyor, delivering the homogenized material into a second disc screen type feeder 12 for fourth mixing and stirring to obtain a fourth mixed material, delivering the fourth mixed material into a vacuum extruder 13 for extrusion molding to obtain a molded blank body, storing a blank stacking area, transferring the molded blank body into a kiln car 17 through an automatic blank stacking machine 19, and parking the kiln car in a car storage line for temporary storage after the kiln car is stacked; the molded green body is of a kp1 type, and the external dimension (length multiplied by width multiplied by height) is 240mm multiplied by 115mm multiplied by 90mm;
step four, drying treatment: transversely ferrying the kiln car 17 carrying the formed green body in the third step to the car inlet end of the pre-drying chamber 14 by utilizing a ferry car 20, driving the kiln car 17 into the pre-drying chamber 14 for pre-drying under the action of a car jacking machine 21 and a tractor 23 through a kiln car track 18, then conveying the kiln car 17 into a drying chamber 15 for drying, and driving the kiln car 17 out of the drying chamber 15 by utilizing an outlet tractor 22 and the tractor 23 to obtain a dried green body; the mass water content of the dry green body is 4.5%;
Step five, roasting treatment: the kiln car 17 carrying the dry green body in the fourth step is transversely ferred to the car inlet end of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 by using a ferry car 20, and is driven into the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 through a kiln car track 18 under the action of a car jacking machine 21 and a tractor 23 to perform high-temperature activation, the activation period is 28h, the car inlet speed is 1 car/h, the length of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 is 28 parking spaces, the length of a heating area is 10 parking spaces, the length of the high-temperature area is 8 parking spaces, the length of a cooling area is 10 parking spaces, the temperature of the temperature section is 50-800 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800-900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8h, the temperature of the cooling section is 900-50 ℃, then the kiln car 17 is driven out of the tunnel type roasting kiln 16 by using an outlet tractor 22 and a tractor 23, the kiln car is transversely transferred into a brick unloading area under the action of the ferry car 20, the brick unloading area is cooled by using a cooling fan arranged at the cooling speed of more than 10 ℃/min, and the activity is obtained; the high-temperature activation heat value required by the active blank is 350-450 kilocalories/kg;
step six, pulverizing: the active green body obtained in the fifth step is sent into a second jaw crusher 25 to be coarsely crushed by utilizing a truss vehicle 24, and is stored in a temporary storage bin 26 to be hermetically stored, then is sent into a second hammer crusher 27 to be finely crushed by utilizing a belt conveyor, and is sent into an ultrafine vertical mill 28 to be finely ground into powder, so that active powder is obtained, and is sent into a finished product bin 29 to be stored, and is packaged by a packer to obtain a finished product; the fineness of the active powder is 400-600 meshes.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modification, variation and equivalent variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system for preparing active powder by activating coal gangue through a tunnel kiln is characterized by comprising a raw material processing unit, a homogenizing unit, a forming unit, a drying unit, a roasting unit, a pulverizing unit and an operating unit which are matched in sequence.
2. The active powder preparation system by using the tunnel kiln activated coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw material treatment unit comprises a first feeder (1-1) for supplying the activated admixture and a second feeder (1-2) for supplying the coal gangue, wherein a first disc screen type feeder (2), a roller type crusher (3) and a double-shaft stirrer (7) are sequentially connected at the outlet of the first feeder (1-1), a first jaw crusher (4), a first hammer type crusher (5) and a rotary screen (6) are sequentially connected at the outlet of the second feeder (1-2), and the outlet of the rotary screen (6) is connected with the inlet of the first disc screen type feeder (2);
The homogenizing unit comprises a reversible distributor (8) matched with the double-shaft stirrer (7) in the raw material processing unit, a homogenizing bin (9) is arranged at the outlet of the reversible distributor (8), and a multi-bucket excavator (10) is matched with the homogenizing bin (9);
the forming unit comprises a material buffer box type feeder (11) matched with a homogenization bin (9) in the homogenization unit, the material buffer box type feeder (11) is sequentially connected with a second disc sieve type feeder (12) and a vacuum extruder (13), and the vacuum extruder (13) is matched with an automatic setting machine (19);
the drying unit comprises a pre-drying chamber (14) and a drying chamber (15) connected with the pre-drying chamber (14);
the firing unit comprises a tunnel kiln (16);
the pulverizing unit comprises a second jaw crusher (25) and a second hammer crusher (27), and a temporary storage bin (26) arranged between the second jaw crusher (25) and the second hammer crusher (27), wherein an outlet of the second hammer crusher (27) is connected with an ultrafine vertical mill (28), and the ultrafine vertical mill (28) is matched with a finished product bin (29);
the operation unit comprises a kiln car track (18) paved in the forming unit, the drying unit and the roasting unit and a kiln car (17) matched with the kiln car track (18), wherein the kiln car (17) is matched with a ferry car (20), a car jacking machine (21), an outlet tractor (22), a tractor (23) and a truss car (24).
3. The system for preparing active powder by using tunnel kiln activated coal gangue as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying chamber (15) in the drying unit is a tunnel type drying kiln, and the tunnel type drying kiln has the same width as the tunnel type roasting kiln (16) in the roasting unit.
4. The system for preparing active powder by using the tunnel kiln activated coal gangue as claimed in claim 2, wherein the tunnel kiln (16) in the roasting unit is internally provided with a heating section, a high temperature section and a cooling section in sequence.
5. A method for preparing active powder using the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step one, raw material treatment: feeding the main material coal gangue into a first jaw crusher (4) for coarse crushing by a second feeder (1-2), feeding the main material coal gangue into a first hammer crusher (5) for fine crushing, feeding the main material coal gangue into a rotary screen (6) by a belt conveyor for screening to obtain coal gangue powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, and feeding the coal gangue powder into a first disc screen type feeder (2); the method comprises the steps of feeding an activated admixture with the particle size smaller than 0.5mm into a first disc screen type feeder (2) through a first feeder (1-1), carrying out primary mixing and stirring on the activated admixture and the fed coal gangue powder to obtain a first mixture, then feeding the first mixture into a roller crusher (3) through a belt conveyor to carry out secondary mixing and stirring on the first mixture to obtain a second mixture, and then feeding the second mixture into a double-shaft stirrer (7) to carry out tertiary mixing and stirring on the second mixture in water to obtain a third mixture;
The mass water content of the third mixture is 8% -10%;
step two, homogenization treatment: the third mixture obtained in the step one is sent into a reversible material distributor (8) through a belt conveyor, evenly thrown into a homogenization bin (9), kept stand and homogenized for more than 48 hours to obtain homogenized materials, and then excavated by a multi-bucket excavator (10) and sent into the belt conveyor;
step three, molding treatment: delivering the homogenized material obtained in the second step into a material buffer box type feeder (11) for buffer storage through a belt conveyor, delivering the homogenized material into a second disc screen type feeder (12) through the belt conveyor for fourth mixing and stirring to obtain a fourth mixed material, delivering the fourth mixed material into a vacuum extruder (13) for extrusion molding to obtain a molded blank body, storing a blank stacking area, and transferring the molded blank body into a kiln car (17) through an automatic blank stacking machine (19);
step four, drying treatment: a kiln car (17) for carrying the formed blank in the third step is driven into a predrying chamber (14) through a kiln car track (18) by utilizing a ferry car (20), a car jack (21) and a tractor (23), then is sent into a drying chamber (15) for drying, and the kiln car (17) is driven out of the drying chamber (15) by utilizing the ferry car (20), an outlet tractor (22) and the tractor (23) to obtain a dry blank; the mass water content of the dry green body is less than 5%;
Step five, roasting treatment: a kiln car (17) carrying the dry green body in the fourth step is driven into a tunnel type roasting kiln (16) through a kiln car track (18) to perform high-temperature activation by utilizing a ferry car (20), a car jacking machine (21) and a tractor (23), and then the kiln car (17) is driven out of the tunnel type roasting kiln (16) by utilizing the ferry car (20), an outlet tractor (22) and the tractor (23) and is stored into a brick unloading area to be cooled, so that an active green body is obtained;
step six, pulverizing: the active blank obtained in the fifth step is sent into a second jaw crusher (25) to be coarsely crushed by utilizing a truss vehicle (24), stored in a temporary storage bin (26) to be sealed and stored, then sent into a second hammer crusher (27) to be finely crushed by a belt conveyor, and then sent into an ultrafine vertical mill (28) to be finely crushed into powder, so as to obtain active powder; the fineness of the active powder is 400-600 meshes.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step one, the dry basis weight content in the gangue is 85% -90%, the dry basis weight content in the activating admixture is 10% -15%, the mass content of quartz sand in the mineral component of the gangue is 40% or more, the mass content of clay mineral is 50% or more, and the mass content of SO in the chemical component of the gangue is the same as the dry basis weight content of the gangue 3 The mass content of (2) is less than 1%, siO 2 The mass content of (2) is more than 50%, al 2 O 3 The mass content of (2) is more than 10%;
the activated admixture consists of a fluxing agent and a solid waste admixture according to the mass ratio of 30:70, wherein the fluxing agent consists of potassium feldspar, albite and diopside according to the mass ratio of 30:20:50, the solid waste admixture is domestic sludge, carbide slag or aluminum ash, and the domestic sludgeAl in the chemical composition of (2) 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The mass content of the catalyst is more than 5 percent, and SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 More than 1.18, the mass content of CaO in the chemical components of the carbide slag is more than 40 percent, and the mass content of Al in the chemical components of the aluminum ash is more than 1.18 2 O 3 The mass content of AlN in the mineral component is more than 40% and less than 15%; the activated admixture has a dry basis weight content of domestic sludge below 5%, a dry basis weight content of carbide slag below 10% and a dry basis weight content of aluminum ash below 5%.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein when the solid waste admixture in the activated admixture of the first step is domestic sludge, the temperature of the high temperature section activated by the high temperature in the fifth step is 850 ℃ to 900 ℃; when the solid waste admixture in the activating admixture in the first step is carbide slag, the temperature of the high-temperature section of the high-temperature activation in the fifth step is 850-1000 ℃; when the solid waste admixture in the activated admixture in the first step is aluminum ash, the temperature of the high-temperature section of the high-temperature activation in the fifth step is 800-900 ℃.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the high temperature activation in step five is divided into three stages: the temperature of the first stage, namely the temperature rising stage, is 50-800 ℃, the temperature of the second stage, namely the temperature of the high temperature stage, is 800-1000 ℃, and the temperature of the third stage, namely the temperature reducing stage, is 1000-50 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the fifth step, a cooling fan is arranged in the brick unloading area for cooling, and the cooling rate of cooling is greater than 10 ℃/min.
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