CN116747996A - Automatic large coal floating and sinking device and method - Google Patents
Automatic large coal floating and sinking device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116747996A CN116747996A CN202310824626.3A CN202310824626A CN116747996A CN 116747996 A CN116747996 A CN 116747996A CN 202310824626 A CN202310824626 A CN 202310824626A CN 116747996 A CN116747996 A CN 116747996A
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- magnetic pole
- sink
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn] IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
- B03B5/40—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of trough type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/44—Application of particular media therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/005—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for coal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
- B03B2011/006—Scraper dischargers
Landscapes
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic large coal floating and sinking device and method, belongs to the technical field of coal sorting and processing, and solves the problems of long period, large labor force and poor safety caused by manual operation of a large coal floating and sinking test in the prior art. The invention comprises a floating and sinking tank and an excitation system, wherein the excitation system comprises a first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and a second wedge-shaped magnetic pole, the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole are symmetrically positioned at two sides of the floating and sinking tank, a plurality of movable baffles are arranged in the floating and sinking tank, the movable baffles divide the floating and sinking tank into a plurality of floating and sinking bins, and the distances between the floating and sinking bins and the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole are gradually reduced from one end of the floating and sinking tank to the other end of the floating and sinking tank. The invention reduces the harm degree of heavy medium suspension to personnel, improves the working safety, improves the efficiency in the automatic floating and sinking process, and reduces the labor intensity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal sorting and processing, in particular to an automatic large coal floating and sinking device and method.
Background
Coal separation plants are sites where useful minerals and gangue minerals in coal are separated, with the aim of improving the quality and utilization efficiency of coal. The density composition of raw coal and each product is known in time, which is the basis for guiding a sorting equipment driver to adjust operation, however, the existing large floating and sinking method has the problems of complex steps, corrosive chemical agents and the like, so that a large number of coal preparation plants cannot complete large floating and sinking tests, the number of products is reduced, and coal resources are lost in a large amount.
The existing large floating and sinking test (floating and sinking test for coal with granularity more than 0.5 mm) method comprises the following steps: preparing heavy liquid with different densities by using zinc chloride and water, placing materials with different granularity levels larger than 0.5mm into a net bottom barrel, placing the net bottom barrel into a heavy liquid barrel with the lowest density, slowly moving up and down, and then standing for layering. The floating objects are fished by a scooping spoon, the sinking objects enter the heavy liquid barrel with the next density, and the process is repeated until all densities are separated. Finally, the products of each density grade are washed by water to remove residual heavy liquid on the products, and then the products are put into an oven for drying and weighing. Because the existing floating and sinking test methods are all finished purely manually and the single test coal amount is about 300kg, on one hand, the steps are complex, the time is long, the labor amount is large, the floating and sinking environment is often changed due to manual operation, and on the other hand, zinc chloride has strong corrosiveness, and test personnel are easy to splash in the operation process to cause personal injury.
In order to reduce and avoid the problems, the coal preparation plant can know the density composition of raw coal and each product in time, and is used for guiding production, and development of an automatic large floating and sinking device with high automation degree, wide adaptability and no personal injury is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide an automatic large coal floating and sinking device and method, which are used for solving the problems of long period, large labor force and poor safety caused by manual operation of the existing large coal floating and sinking test.
In one aspect, the invention provides an automatic large coal floating and sinking device, which comprises a floating and sinking tank and an excitation system, wherein the excitation system comprises a first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and a second wedge-shaped magnetic pole, the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole are symmetrically positioned at two sides of the floating and sinking tank, a plurality of movable baffles are arranged in the floating and sinking tank, the movable baffles divide the floating and sinking tank into a plurality of floating and sinking bins, and the distance between the floating and sinking bins and the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole is gradually reduced from one end of the floating and sinking tank to the other end of the floating and sinking tank.
Further, a scraper structure is arranged on the upper portion of each floating and sinking bin and is used for scraping out coal blocks floating to the upper portion of the floating and sinking bin.
Further, the scraper structure is a rectangular scraper or a special-shaped scraper, and when the scraper structure is the special-shaped scraper, the special-shaped scraper comprises a first rectangular plate and a second rectangular plate.
Further, a discharging chute is arranged at the top of the floating and sinking bin, which is close to the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole, and the scraper structure is arranged close to the discharging chute.
Further, a first channel, a second channel and a third channel are arranged at the bottom of the discharging chute, and the second channel is located between the first channel and the third channel.
Further, the lower end of the first channel is communicated with the lower part of the floating and sinking bin through a circulating medium pipe.
Further, the lengths of the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole are not smaller than the length of the floating sink, and the heights of the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole are equal to the height of the liquid in the floating sink.
Further, a liftable sieve plate is arranged in the floating and sinking bin with the maximum average density of the heavy medium suspension.
Further, the lower ends of the floating and sinking bins are communicated.
On the other hand, the invention provides an automatic large coal floating and sinking method, which adopts the automatic large coal floating and sinking device to carry out automatic large coal floating and sinking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the first wedge-shaped magnetic poles and the second wedge-shaped magnetic poles are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the floating and sinking tank, the distances between the first wedge-shaped magnetic poles and the second wedge-shaped magnetic poles from one side of the floating and sinking tank to the other side of the floating and sinking tank are gradually reduced, a uniform magnetic field is generated in one direction in a horizontal plane by virtue of the wedge-shaped excitation system, and a non-uniform magnetic field is generated in the other direction, so that the heavy medium suspension filled with the magnetite powder is represented as a concentration gradient in one direction, the separation of a plurality of density levels in one floating and sinking tank is realized, the occupied area is effectively reduced, the harm to personnel is reduced, and the safety is improved; flexible density level adjustment can be achieved by means of a movable baffle, a variable suspension concentration and a variable magnetic field strength, improving the stability of the system.
(2) The rotatable sieve plate is arranged in the floating and sinking tank and swings back and forth in a certain range, so that coal blocks falling on the rotatable sieve plate can fall into a next density area to be sorted, automatic and continuous sorting of each density level is realized, and labor force is liberated.
(3) The first channel of the discharging chute is connected with the lower end of the floating and sinking tank through the circulating medium pipe, so that the heavy medium suspension scraped by the scraper structure can be circulated back into the floating and sinking tank, and the stability of the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking bin is ensured.
(4) The rotatable screen plate of the invention swings back and forth through the driving structure, when the first sector gear is meshed with the second gear, the second sector gear is not meshed with the second gear, when the first sector gear is disengaged from the second gear and idles for a certain angle, the second sector gear is meshed with the second gear, the first sector gear and the second sector gear are alternately meshed with the second gear, so that the second gear rotates back and forth, further the first gear is driven to rotate back and forth, the back and forth swing of the rotatable screen plate is realized, the coal blocks falling onto the rotatable screen plate can smoothly roll down to the next area for sorting, and the connection sorting of each density level is realized.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rectangular screed configuration of an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a special-shaped screed according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a screed configuration formed by a plurality of rectangular screeds according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a screed configuration formed by a plurality of profiled screeds according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a top view of an automated large coal sink-float device without excitation system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of a discharge chute of an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of coal stress for an embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a driving structure of an embodiment.
Reference numerals:
100-floating and sinking tank; 101-a movable baffle; 102-a floating and sinking bin; 103-a scraper structure; 104-a first rotating shaft; 105-a discharge chute; 106-a first rectangular plate; 107-a second rectangular plate; 108-spraying water device; 109-a first channel; 110-a second channel; 111-third channel; 112-discharging sieve plates; 113-a circulating medium pipe; 114-a discharge port; 115-a discharge valve; 116-rotatable screen panels; 117-a second spindle; 118-arc-shaped region; 119-liftable screen deck;
200-an excitation system; 201-a first wedge-shaped magnetic pole; 202-a second wedge pole; 300-feeding pipe;
400-driving structure; 401-a first gear; 402-a first combination gear; 403-a second combination gear; 404-a second gear; 405-a third gear; 406-a first sector gear; 407-fourth gear; 408-a second sector gear.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the invention, are used to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
An embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-10, discloses an automatic large coal floating and sinking device. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the automatic large coal floating and sinking device comprises a floating and sinking tank 100 and an excitation system 200, the excitation system 200 comprises a first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and a second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202, the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 are symmetrically located on two sides of the floating and sinking tank 100, a plurality of movable baffles 101 are arranged in the floating and sinking tank 100, the movable baffles 101 are clamped with the inner wall of the floating and sinking tank 100, the movable baffles 101 divide the floating and sinking tank 100 into a plurality of floating and sinking bins 102, the lower ends of the floating and sinking bins 102 are communicated, and the distance between the floating and sinking bins 102 and the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 is gradually reduced from one end of the floating and sinking tank 100 to the other end. The heights of the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 are consistent with the height of the liquid in the floating and sinking tank 100, and the lengths of the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 are not smaller than the length of the floating and sinking tank 100, namely, the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking tank 100 is in the range covered by the two wedge-shaped magnetic poles.
In practice, the heavy medium suspension is injected into the sink-float tank 100, the magnetic field generated by the excitation system 200 makes one direction in the horizontal plane be a uniform magnetic field, the other direction be a non-uniform magnetic field, the heavy medium suspension filled with the magnetite powder is made to be a concentration gradient in one direction, the sink-float tank 100 is divided into a plurality of sink-float bins 102 by using the movable baffle 101, the average density of the heavy medium suspension in each sink-float bin 102 is made to be the required sorting density, at this time, the density of the heavy medium suspension in the sink-float tank 100 is gradually increased from one side to the other, that is, the average density of the heavy medium suspension in the sink-float bins 102 is set in a gradient manner, the distance from the excitation system 200 to the sink-float tank 100 is inversely proportional to the distance from the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 are made to be close to the sink-float tank 100, and the average density of the heavy medium suspension in the area where the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 are far from the sink-float tank 100 is small.
The heavy medium of the heavy medium suspension is preferably magnetite powder, and the granularity is preferably below 200 meshes. The magnetite powder suspension is used for replacing zinc chloride as heavy liquid, so that on one hand, the harm to human bodies caused by strong corrosiveness of zinc chloride can be reduced, and on the other hand, the magnetite powder of a main washing system of a coal preparation plant can be directly utilized.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic large coal floating and sinking device provided by the embodiment is characterized in that the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floating and sinking tank 100, the distance between the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202 and the side wall of the floating and sinking tank 100 is gradually reduced from one side to the other side of the floating and sinking tank 100, a uniform magnetic field is generated in one direction in a horizontal plane by virtue of a wedge-shaped excitation system, and a non-uniform magnetic field is generated in the other direction, so that a heavy medium suspension filled with magnetite powder is represented as a concentration gradient in one direction, separation of a plurality of density stages in one floating and sinking tank 100 is realized, and the occupied area is effectively reduced; flexible density level adjustment can be achieved with the flapper 101, variable suspension concentration, and variable magnetic field strength, improving system stability.
The coal blocks are subjected to the action of gravity, buoyancy and magnetic levitation after entering the floating and sinking bin 102, when the gravity of the coal blocks is smaller than the buoyancy to which the coal blocks are subjected, the coal blocks float upwards, when the gravity of the coal blocks is larger than the buoyancy to which the coal blocks are subjected, the coal blocks sink, namely, when the density of the coal blocks is lower than the density of the coal blocks in the floating and sinking bin 102, the coal blocks float upwards, and when the density of the coal blocks is higher than the density of the coal blocks in the floating and sinking bin 102.
Because in the sink-float bin 102 with different average density of the heavy medium suspension, the coal blocks with the density greater than the average density of the heavy medium suspension can float up to the top of the sink-float bin 102, i.e. the coal blocks with high density can be gathered upwards to the liquid surface of the sink-float bin 102, in order to facilitate the discharge of the coal blocks, the scraper structure 103 is arranged in the sink-float tank 100.
The scraper structure 103 is arranged at the top of the floating and sinking tank 100, each floating and sinking bin 102 is internally provided with one scraper structure 103, the top of the floating and sinking tank 100 is provided with a first rotating shaft 104, the first rotating shaft 104 penetrates through the side wall of the floating and sinking tank 100 and penetrates through the movable baffle 101, and the joints of the first rotating shaft 104 and the side wall of the floating and sinking tank 100 and the movable baffle 101 are respectively provided with a bearing. Through holes are formed in the side wall of the floating and sinking tank 100 and the movable baffle 101, bearings are arranged in the through holes, and the first rotating shaft 104 is connected with the bearings.
As shown in fig. 3, the squeegee structure 103 is a rectangular squeegee, and in consideration of the connection of the squeegee structure 103 and the first rotation shaft 104, a through hole is provided in the middle in the thickness direction of the rectangular squeegee, the through hole is consistent with the length direction or the width direction of the rectangular squeegee, and the first rotation shaft 104 passes through the through hole of the rectangular squeegee and connects the first rotation shaft 104 and the rectangular squeegee by a key, so that the rectangular squeegee rotates synchronously with the first rotation shaft 104. The rectangular blade has a thickness smaller than the length and width.
The first rotating shaft 104 is connected with a first motor, the first motor is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the floating and sinking tank 100, the first motor drives the first rotating shaft 104 to rotate and further drives the rectangular scraping plate to rotate, and as the part, below the first rotating shaft 104, of the rectangular scraping plate in a vertical state is immersed into heavy medium suspension, in the rotating process of the rectangular scraping plate, coal blocks floating to the top of the floating and sinking bin 102 can be stirred to the side, close to the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 or the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202, of the floating and sinking bin 102, as shown in fig. 7, a discharging chute 105 is arranged on the side, close to the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201 or the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole 202, of the floating and sinking bin 102, and ores scraped in the rotating process of the rectangular scraping plate fall into the discharging chute 105.
It should be noted that, the upper portion of each floating and sinking bin 102 is provided with a scraping plate structure 103, the scraping plate structures 103 rotate along a horizontal axis, the scraping plate structures 103 in all the floating and sinking bins 102 can be connected to a horizontal axis and simultaneously rotated by a motor, or the scraping plate structures 103 in each floating and sinking bin 102 are controlled by a motor, and at this time, each scraping plate structure 103 is connected to an independent horizontal axis.
In order to increase the scraping efficiency of the scraper structure 103 on the coal blocks floating to the upper portion of the floating and sinking bin 102, as shown in fig. 4, the scraper structure 103 is a special-shaped scraper, namely, the scraper structure 103 is formed by connecting two rectangular plates, for convenience in description, the two rectangular plates are defined to be a first rectangular plate 106 and a second rectangular plate 107 respectively, the lengths of the first rectangular plate 106 and the second rectangular plate 107 are the same, the width of the second rectangular plate 107 is smaller than that of the first rectangular plate 106, the first rectangular plate 106 is connected with the first rotating shaft 104, the second rectangular plate 107 is connected with one end of the first rectangular plate 106, the included angle between the second rectangular plate 107 and the first rectangular plate 106 is not equal to 90 degrees, ores are prevented from being left on the second rectangular plate 107, and the faces of the included angles of the first rectangular plate 106 and the second rectangular plate 107 are smaller than 180 degrees are used for scraping ores.
To further increase the scraping efficiency of the ore, the scraper structure 103 comprises at least two rectangular scrapers, which are cross-connected, illustratively two rectangular scrapers cross when the scraper structure 103 is formed by two rectangular scrapers, three rectangular scrapers cross when the scraper structure 103 is formed by three rectangular scrapers, as shown in fig. 5, and so on. The multiple rectangular blades in blade arrangement 103 alternate into the dense media suspension to scrape out ore with greater efficiency than a single rectangular blade. As shown in fig. 6, the squeegee constituting the squeegee structure 103 may be a special-shaped squeegee formed of two rectangular plates.
Considering that the scraper structure 103 can bring out a part of the heavy medium suspension in the ore scraping process, in order to reduce the scraping of the heavy medium suspension, a water filtering hole is formed in the rectangular scraper or the second rectangular plate, when the scraper structure 103 scrapes out the ore, a part of the heavy medium suspension flows out of the water filtering hole, so that the resistance of the scraper structure 103 is reduced, the scraping amount of the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking bin 102 is reduced, and the stability of the heavy medium suspension is ensured.
In order to facilitate ore scraping that floats to the upper portion of the sink-float bin 102, the scraper structure 103 is disposed near the discharge chute 105, not at the middle position of the sink-float bin 102.
As shown in fig. 7, the number of the discharge chute 105 is the same as that of the sink bins 102, and one discharge chute 105 is arranged on one side of the upper end of each sink bin 102, in this embodiment, the discharge chute 105 is arranged near the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole 201, and ore (with a small amount of heavy medium suspension) scraped by the scraper structure 103 enters the discharge chute 105.
Considering that some of the heavy medium suspension adheres to the ore scraped off by the scraper structure 103, as shown in fig. 8, a shower water device 108 is provided in the discharge chute 105, and the shower water device 108 cleans the ore having the heavy medium suspension adhering thereto that has entered the discharge chute 105. In this embodiment, the shower water device 108 cleans the ore to which the heavy medium suspension is attached, so that cleaner ore can be obtained, and the attached heavy medium suspension is prevented from affecting the quality of the ore.
Considering the discharge of ore, shower wash water and heavy medium suspension, the discharge chute 105 has three channels, a first channel 109, a second channel 110 and a third channel 111, respectively, which are all located at the bottom of the discharge chute 105, the second channel 110 being located between the first channel 109 and the third channel 111, the first channel 109 being located directly below the feed opening of the discharge chute 105, i.e. the first channel 109 being provided just below the position where the ore scraped by the scraper structure 103 enters the discharge chute 105.
The discharge sieve plate 112 is arranged at the passage openings of the first passage 109 and the second passage 110, the discharge sieve plate 112 is obliquely arranged, the feed inlet of the first passage 109 is higher than the feed inlet of the second passage 110, the discharge sieve plate 112 gradually descends from the first passage 109 to the second passage 110, ore scraped by the scraper structure 103 enters the discharge chute 105, rolls downwards on the discharge sieve plate 112, heavy medium suspension scraped by the ore leaks from the discharge sieve plate 112 and is discharged through the first passage 109, the spray water device 108 in the discharge chute 105 sprays spray water to clean the ore rolled above the second passage 110, the spray water enters the second passage 110 together with the heavy medium suspension washed from the ore, and the lower end of the second passage 110 is connected with the recovery barrel. The ore washed by the shower device 108 rolls down to the third channel 111 and is discharged. As can be appreciated, the shower device 108 is located directly above the second channel 110, and the shower device 108 washes out the heavy medium suspension adhering to the ore surface, avoiding affecting the product quality.
Considering the stability of the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking bins 102, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, one circulating medium pipe 113 is provided on the side wall of each floating and sinking bin 102, the circulating medium pipe 113 and the discharge chute 105 are located on the same side of the floating and sinking bin 102, the upper end of the circulating medium pipe 113 is communicated with the lower end of the first channel 109, and the lower end of the circulating medium pipe 113 is communicated with the lower part of the floating and sinking bin 102 by a pump.
In this embodiment, the first channel 109 at the lower end of the discharge chute 105 is communicated with the circulating medium pipe 113, and the heavy medium suspension scraped from the sink-float bin 102 by the scraper structure 103 enters the discharge chute 105, passes through the first channel 109, enters the circulating medium pipe 113, and finally returns to the sink-float bin 102, so as to maintain the stability of the heavy medium suspension in the vertical direction. Meanwhile, when the filter liquor holes are formed in the scraper structure 103, the amount of the heavy medium suspension scraped out is reduced, and the stability of the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking bin 102 can be ensured.
In order to facilitate coal to be conveyed into the floating and sinking tank 100, the automatic large coal floating and sinking device further comprises a feeding pipe 300, wherein the feeding pipe 300 is communicated with the floating and sinking tank 100, the upper end of the feeding pipe 300 is higher than the liquid level in the floating and sinking tank 100, the lower end of the feeding pipe 300 is inserted into a floating and sinking bin 102 with the minimum average density of heavy medium suspension, and is close to a movable baffle plate 101, so that the feeding pressure is ensured not to influence coal sorting in the floating and sinking bin 102 (with the minimum average density of heavy medium suspension) and coal blocks enter the next sorting area (the floating and sinking bin 102) due to the feeding pressure.
When the amount of coal slime in the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking tank 100 is too large after multiple sorting, the density of the heavy medium suspension is reduced, and a new heavy medium suspension needs to be replaced, as shown in fig. 1, a discharge port 114 is arranged at the lower part of the floating and sinking tank 100, a discharge valve 115 is arranged on the discharge port 114, and the discharge valve 115 controls the opening and closing of the discharge port 114.
Considering that coal enters the floating and sinking chambers 102 with the minimum average density of the heavy medium suspension through the feeding pipe 300, the average density of the heavy medium suspension of each floating and sinking chamber 102 is arranged in a gradient, and the floating and sinking tank 100 is divided into 5 floating and sinking chambers 102 by the movable baffle 101, wherein the density is 1.3g/cm respectively 3 、1.4g/cm 3 、1.5g/cm 3 、1.6g/cm 3 And 1.8g/cm 3 The coal was first fed to a dense medium suspension with an average density of 1.3g/cm 3 In the floating and sinking bin 102 with the density of 1.3g/cm 3 The density of the coal in the floating and sinking bin 102 is less than 1.3g/cm 3 And floats upwards, otherwise, the coal blocks sunk to the bottom of the floating and sinking bin 102 need to be conveyed to the floating and sinking bin 102 with the next density level for sorting, so as shown in fig. 1, except the floating and sinking bin 102 with the highest average density of the heavy medium suspension, other floating and sinking bins 102 are jointly provided with a rotatable sieve plate 116, the rotatable sieve plate 116 is obliquely arranged in the floating and sinking tank 100, and the trend that the floating and sinking bin 102 with the low average density of the heavy medium suspension is high and the floating and sinking bin 102 with the high average density of the heavy medium suspension is low is presented. By means of the gravity of the ore and the back and forth rotation of the rotatable screen plate 116, automatic and continuous separation of each density level is achieved, and labor force is liberated.
The rotatable screen plate 116 is a rectangular plate, and two sides of the lower end of the rotatable screen plate 116 in an inclined state are provided with second rotating shafts 117, and the second rotating shafts 117 penetrate through the side walls of the sink-float tank 100 and are rotationally sealed with the side walls of the sink-float tank 100. The rotatable screen plate 116 rotates up and down with the second rotation shaft 117 as a rotation shaft, as shown in fig. 9, an included angle θ between the rotatable screen plate 116 and a horizontal plane is θ, and θ satisfies the following formula:
θ>arc tan[(G-f1)/f2]
where G represents the gravity of the coal briquette, f1 represents the buoyancy force to which the coal briquette is subjected in the heavy medium suspension, and f2 represents the magnetic buoyancy force to which the coal briquette is subjected in the heavy medium suspension.
Considering that the track of the rectangular rotatable screen plate 116 is circular arc during rotation, in order to avoid that coal blocks leak below the rotatable screen plate 116 caused by gaps generated between the rotatable screen plate 116 and the side wall of the rotatable screen plate 102 during rotation of the rotatable screen plate 102 in which the average density of heavy medium suspension is lowest, as shown in fig. 1, a convex arc-shaped area 118 is arranged on the side wall (the wall parallel to the second rotating shaft 117) of the rotatable screen plate 102 in which the average density of heavy medium suspension is lowest, the convex arc-shaped area 118 is a part of the protrusion of the sink trough 100, and the free end (the end opposite to the end provided with the second rotating shaft 117) of the rotatable screen plate 116 is positioned in the convex arc-shaped area 118, so that gaps generated between the free end and the vertical side wall of the sink chamber 102 can be avoided during rotation of the rotatable screen plate 116, and the coal blocks leak below the rotatable screen plate 116.
As shown in fig. 10, the automatic large coal floating and sinking device further comprises a driving mechanism 400 for swinging the rotatable screen plate 116 back and forth, wherein the driving mechanism 400 comprises a first gear 401, a first combined gear 402, a second combined gear 403 and a second gear 404, the first gear 401 is connected with the second rotating shaft 117 and meshed with the second gear 404, the second gear 404 rotates to drive the first gear 401 to rotate, the rotation of the first gear 401 can drive the second rotating shaft 117 to rotate, and further the rotatable screen plate 116 swings back and forth, so that coal blocks deposited on the rotatable screen plate 116 can smoothly roll into the next floating and sinking bin 102 for sorting.
The first combined gear 402 includes a third gear 405 and a first sector gear 406, the first sector gear 406 is provided at one side of the third gear 405 and the third gear 405 rotates synchronously, the first sector gear 406 can be meshed with the second gear 404, the second combined gear 403 includes a fourth gear 407 and a second sector gear 408, the second sector gear 408 is provided at one side of the fourth gear 407 and the fourth gear 407 rotates synchronously, and the second sector gear 408 can be meshed with the second gear 404. The motor drives the first combined gear 402 or the second combined gear 403 to rotate, and then drives the second gear 404 to rotate back and forth, and the back and forth rotation of the second gear 404 drives the back and forth rotation of the first gear 401, and then drives the rotatable screen plate 116 to swing back and forth.
It should be noted that when the first sector gear 406 is meshed with the second gear 404, the second sector gear 408 is not meshed with the second gear 404, and when the first sector gear 406 is disengaged from the second gear 404 and idles at a certain angle, the second sector gear 408 is meshed with the second gear 404, and the first sector gear 406 and the second sector gear 408 are alternately meshed with the second gear 404, so that the second gear 404 rotates back and forth, and further drives the first gear 401 to rotate back and forth, thereby realizing the back and forth swinging of the rotatable screen plate 116.
Because the large-density coal blocks after flotation can be gathered into the sink bin 102 with the largest average density of the heavy medium suspension, in order to discharge the coal blocks gathered into the sink bin 102, a liftable sieve plate 119 is arranged in the sink bin 102, the liftable sieve plate 119 is connected with a chain wheel arranged above the sink trough 100 through a chain, the lifting chain can lift the high-density coal blocks positioned on the liftable sieve plate 119 to the upper part of the sink bin 102, and then the ore can be scraped out of the sink bin 102 by matching with the rotation of the scraper structure 103.
Example 2
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, an automatic large coal floating and sinking method is disclosed, and the automatic large coal floating and sinking device of embodiment 1 is adopted, and the steps include:
step 1: the heavy medium suspension is injected into the floating and sinking tank 100, the concentration of the heavy medium suspension is arranged in a gradient way under the action of the excitation system 200, the movable baffle 101 is inserted, and the floating and sinking tank 100 is divided into a plurality of floating and sinking bins 102 with the average concentration of the heavy medium suspension arranged in a gradient way.
The magnetite powder suspension with certain density is injected into the floating and sinking tank 100 through the feeding pipe 300, under the action of the excitation system 200, the generated magnetic field enables one direction in the horizontal plane to be a uniform magnetic field, the other direction is a non-uniform magnetic field, the heavy medium suspension filled with the magnetite powder is enabled to be a concentration gradient in one direction, the floating and sinking tank 100 is partitioned by the movable baffle 101 to obtain a plurality of floating and sinking bins 102, and the average concentration of the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking bins 102 is in gradient arrangement.
Step 2: and feeding coal blocks into the floating and sinking bin 102 with the minimum average density of the heavy medium suspension, sorting, starting a circulating medium system, scraping the coal blocks floating up to the upper part of the floating and sinking bin 102 by a scraper structure 103, and rolling the coal blocks sinking onto a rotatable sieve plate 116 to the floating and sinking bin 102 with the average density of the heavy medium suspension of the next stage for sorting, so that the separation of all density-level coals can be realized by circulating and reciprocating.
Subsequently, the coal is pumped from the feed pipe 300 into the sink bin 102 with the lowest average density of the dense medium suspension, the feed pipe 300 extends into the sink bin 102, and keeps a relatively close distance from the movable baffle 101, so that the feed pressure can not influence the sorting of the sink bin 102 and the coal enters the next sink bin 102 due to the feed pressure. When the gravity of the coal blocks is smaller than the buoyancy, the coal blocks float upwards, and otherwise sink, namely, the coal blocks with the density lower than the average density of the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking bin 102 float upwards, and the coal blocks with the density higher than the average density of the heavy medium suspension in the floating and sinking bin 102 sink. The floating coal blocks reach the surface and are discharged through the scraper structure 103, and enter a discharge chute 105 with a discharge sieve plate 112 and a spray water device 108, so as to perform dense medium suspension recovery and product medium removal. The sunk coal blocks sink to the bottom rotatable screen plate 116 and roll to the next density area by gravity, and the separation of all density stages can be realized by circulating the above steps. The rotatable screen plate 116 is swung back and forth.
The circulating medium system is started while the coal is fed in, the heavy medium suspension in each floating and sinking bin 102 and the heavy medium suspension (without spraying water) recovered by each discharging chute 105 are pumped into the lower part of the chute body by a pump, so as to keep the stability of the heavy medium suspension, the supplementing medium and the dispersion of the bed layer in the sorting system.
Step 3: after the separation is completed, the liftable screen plate 119 is started, and the sinkers in the sink-float bin 102 with the highest average density of the heavy medium suspension are lifted to the upper part of the sink-float bin 102 and discharged through the scraper structure 103, so that the sink-float process is completed.
The liftable screen plate 119 is started, and the sediment with the highest density is lifted and discharged through the scraper structure 103, so that the whole floating and sinking process is completed.
It should be noted that, in step 3, after multiple sorting, the amount of slime in the dense medium suspension is large, resulting in a decrease in suspension density, and the discharge valve 115 is opened to perform dense medium suspension discharge through the discharge port 114; in addition, the discharged heavy medium suspension can be subjected to medium purification by means of a magnetic separator.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic big sink device of coal, its characterized in that includes sink-and-float tank (100) and excitation system (200), excitation system (200) include first wedge magnetic pole (201) and second wedge magnetic pole (202), first wedge magnetic pole (201) with second wedge magnetic pole (202) symmetry are located the both sides of sink-and-float tank (100), be equipped with a plurality of movable baffles (101) in sink-and-float tank (100), movable baffles (101) will sink-and-float tank (100) separate into a plurality of sink-and-float storehouse (102), sink-and-float storehouse (102) are apart from first wedge magnetic pole (201) with the distance of second wedge magnetic pole (202) is by the one end of sink-and-float tank (100) reduces gradually to the other end.
2. The automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to claim 1, wherein a scraper structure (103) is arranged at the upper part of each floating and sinking bin (102), and the scraper structure (103) is used for scraping out coal blocks floating to the upper part of the floating and sinking bin (102).
3. The automatic large coal floating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the scraper structure (103) is a rectangular scraper or a profiled scraper, and when the scraper structure (103) is a profiled scraper, the profiled scraper comprises a first rectangular plate (106) and a second rectangular plate (107).
4. The automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to claim 2, wherein a discharging chute (105) is arranged at the top of the floating and sinking bin (102) close to the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole (201), and the scraper structure (103) is arranged close to the discharging chute (105).
5. The automatic large coal floating device according to claim 4, wherein a first channel (109), a second channel (110) and a third channel (111) are arranged at the bottom of the discharging chute (105), and the second channel (110) is located between the first channel (109) and the third channel (111).
6. The automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to claim 5, wherein the lower end of the first channel (109) is communicated with the lower part of the floating and sinking bin (102) through a circulating medium pipe (113).
7. The automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lengths of the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole (201) and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole (202) are not smaller than the length of the floating and sinking tank (100), and the heights of the first wedge-shaped magnetic pole (201) and the second wedge-shaped magnetic pole (202) are equal to the height of the liquid in the floating and sinking tank (100).
8. The automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that a liftable screen plate (119) is arranged in the floating and sinking bin (102) with the largest average density of heavy medium suspension.
9. The automatic large coal floating and sinking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lower ends of a plurality of floating and sinking bins (102) are communicated.
10. An automatic large coal floating and sinking method which is characterized in that the automatic large coal floating and sinking device in any one of claims 1-9 is adopted for automatic large coal floating and sinking.
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| CN202310824626.3A CN116747996A (en) | 2023-07-06 | 2023-07-06 | Automatic large coal floating and sinking device and method |
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| CN202310824626.3A CN116747996A (en) | 2023-07-06 | 2023-07-06 | Automatic large coal floating and sinking device and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117299739A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2023-12-29 | 徐州秦泰环保科技有限公司 | Compression device for metal waste processing |
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2023
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117299739A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2023-12-29 | 徐州秦泰环保科技有限公司 | Compression device for metal waste processing |
| CN117299739B (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-01-30 | 徐州秦泰环保科技有限公司 | Compression device for metal waste processing |
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