CN116744239A - Intelligent Internet of things platform Bluetooth broadcasting network distribution method - Google Patents
Intelligent Internet of things platform Bluetooth broadcasting network distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The application provides an intelligent internet of things platform Bluetooth broadcasting network allocation method, when BLE A equipment needs to carry out Bluetooth network allocation operation to BLE B equipment, because the amount of data needed by network allocation is small, the A and B equipment can not carry out link establishment, but the A equipment only monitors by sending a broadcasting packet, and the B equipment transmits information of a WIFI hot spot to the B equipment; the broadcast packet is divided into two types, namely ADV DATA and SCAN RESP, each type can send 31 bytes, after addition, 62 bytes can be sent, effective transmission can be realized for transmission of small amount of DATA such as SSID and password of WIFI, and if the number of bytes of the DATA exceeds 62 bytes, only packetization processing is needed. When the A device needs to transmit the connection information of the WIFI to the B device, the connection information is transmitted only through broadcast data, a series of complex work is not needed later, the complexity of communication logic is greatly saved, the influence of environmental interference is correspondingly reduced, and multiple purposes are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of data transmission, in particular to a Bluetooth broadcasting network distribution method for an intelligent internet of things platform.
Background
In the prior art, the Bluetooth BLE protocol is a personal area network technology designed and sold by the Bluetooth technology alliance, and is intended for emerging applications in the fields of medical care, sports and fitness, beacons, security, home entertainment and the like. Compared with classical bluetooth, bluetooth with low energy aims at significantly reducing power consumption and cost while maintaining an equivalent communication range. Bluetooth BLE broadcast: the bluetooth devices indicate their presence by broadcasting and wait to be connected, and the two bluetooth devices want to establish a connection, the first step is that the slave (server) broadcasts outwards, and the host (client) searches for a request. The slave broadcast contains relevant information of the device, such as the name of the device, the service uuid of the device, and the like.
The technical scheme close to the application is that a BLE protocol communication distribution network flow is used: a and B two BLE devices, A sends the broadcast, B receives the broadcast through the scanning flow, and gets the MAC address, name and other relevant information of A, and initiate the connection request, A replies to accept the request after receiving the connection request, thus has finished the establishment of the link; and then the SSID and the password of the known WIFI hotspot are sent to the B device through the self-defined profile of the physical link and the ble, so that the B device obtains the information of the WIFI and performs subsequent connection operation.
At present, a conventional Bluetooth network distribution mode generally needs two devices to establish a physical link through Bluetooth firstly, then information transmission of WIFI can be carried out, the physical link needs to be established, and profile service interfaces of Bluetooth BLE need to be respectively established at two device ends, so that the flow and complexity of data interaction are increased, and the instability of data transmission is increased due to environmental interference.
Furthermore, the common terminology in the prior art is as follows:
1. internet of things platform: a low data volume communication transmission platform is mainly used for small data acquisition and command control.
Ble: bluetooth low energy (Bluetooth Low Energy, or Bluetooth LE, BLE, older trademark Bluetooth Smart) is also known as Bluetooth low energy.
3. Broadcast packet: one way to send this device information in the bluetooth BLE protocol is to inform the surrounding BLE devices about some critical information, such as its MAC address, its device name, etc.
Profile: the basic framework and the configuration description of the Bluetooth protocol can completely describe the flow, the equipment roles and the like of a certain Bluetooth function protocol.
Ssid: service Set Identifier, meaning: service set identification. The SSID technology can divide a wireless local area network into a plurality of sub-networks requiring different identity verification, each sub-network needs independent identity verification, and only users passing the identity verification can enter the corresponding sub-network to prevent unauthorized users from entering the network. The SSID is typically broadcast by the AP and can be viewed in the current area by the XP's own scanning function. In short, SSID is the name of a local area network, and only computers set to the same SSID value can communicate with each other.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present method aims at: aiming at the defects in the scheme, the method and the device make up and improve, when the A device needs to transmit the connection information of the WIFI to the B device, the connection information is transmitted only through broadcast data, and a series of subsequent works such as establishing links, communication, interfacing of profile service interfaces and the like are not needed.
Specifically, the application provides a Bluetooth broadcasting network allocation method of an intelligent internet of things platform, which is characterized in that when a BLE A device needs to perform Bluetooth network allocation operation on a BLE B device, because the amount of data required by the network allocation is small, the A device and the B device can not establish a link, but the A device only monitors by sending a broadcasting packet, and the B device transmits information of a WIFI hot spot to the B device; the broadcast packet is divided into two types, namely ADV DATA and SCAN RESP, each type can send 31 bytes, after addition, 62 bytes can be sent, the transmission can be realized with less DATA quantity such as SSID and password of WIFI, and if the number of the DATA bytes exceeds 62 bytes, only the packetization processing is needed.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, when the A device of BLE needs to perform Bluetooth network allocation operation to the B device of BLE, the A device sends a broadcast packet,
s1.1, firstly, defining a flow and a framework of a communication protocol, wherein the flow and the framework comprise a data structure of a broadcast packet: the WIFI information processing method comprises the steps of including total packet number, packet sequence number, own packet length and WIFI information data, wherein the WIFI information data comprise SSID and password;
s1.2, when the A equipment needs to broadcast information data of WIFI, judging the total length of data of SSID and password to determine whether packetization is needed or not;
s1.3, if the broadcast packet can contain the broadcasted complete WIFI information, the total packet number is1, and the step S2 is directly carried out;
if the broadcast packet cannot contain the broadcasted complete WIFI information, splitting is needed, and N packets are determined to be split through calculation, wherein N is a positive integer;
s1.4, after the equipment A prepares the N packets, starting broadcasting, and carrying out polling transmission on the N packets;
s2, the broadcasting range of the equipment B is close to that of the equipment A, and a monitoring mode is started, S2.1, because the equipment B starts monitoring when the equipment A sends any packet, the equipment B needs to judge that the data packet is complete only by totally monitoring N packets according to the total packet number, and judges the number of the current packet according to the packet sequence number;
s2.2, obtaining N packets which are required to be received according to the total packet number to completely combine the data and combine the data; and S3, completing the WIFI distribution network.
In the step S1 of the above-mentioned process,
the broadcast packet protocol format:
1byte | 1byte | 1byte | 28bytes |
total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
Total number of packets: when the length of the WIFI information data exceeds 28 bytes, the packaging processing is needed, the meaning of the total package number is to inform a receiving end, and the WIFI information data can be completely obtained only when the data of a plurality of packages are received;
packet sequence number: after the packetizing process is performed, the current packet belongs to the number of packets of the total packet number, if the total packet number is added to be N, and the packet sequence number is N-1, then the current packet is the N-1 th packet, and 1,2, … … N-2 and N packets are also required to be received to complete the data combination, wherein N is a positive integer;
the length of the bag is as follows: specific data length of WIFI information data of a current package is described;
WIFI information data: the actual WIFI data, including SSID and password, is defined as follows:
1byte | m bytes | 1byte | n bytes |
SSID byte Length m | SSID actual data | Cipher byte length n | Cryptographic actual data |
The format definition of the WIFI information data can effectively separate the SSID and the password field data, and avoids repeated or conflict between the separator and the actual content of the field data, so that identification errors are avoided.
In the method, the total data length of information data of WIFI is assumed to be greater than the data length of a broadcast packet by 31 bytes, the SSID is 32 bytes, and the password is 32 bytes, so that the total length is 64 bytes, one broadcast packet cannot be contained, and the broadcast packet needs to be split into three packets to be transmitted.
The three packets are represented as follows:
bag 1
Total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
3 | 1 | 28 | Actual data |
Bag 2
Total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
3 | 2 | 28 | Actual data |
Bag 3
Total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
3 | 3 | 10 (8 actual data+2 Length bytes) | Actual data |
The method further comprises:
s1.4, after the three packets are prepared, the A device starts broadcasting and carries out polling transmission on the three packets, and each packet is transmitted for 100ms;
s2, the equipment B approaches to the broadcasting range of the equipment A and starts a monitoring mode, and all data are monitored within 300ms by the three packets, and information data of the WIFI are obtained.
If the information data of the WIFI are transmitted in the clear, no special processing and specification are carried out on the security; if the security requirement is met, the information data of the WIFI are encrypted, and the encryption processing comprises the addition and subtraction processing of an ASCII code, so that the plaintext can be changed into the ciphertext, and the transmission security is improved.
Thus, the present application has the advantages that: the method is simple and easy to operate, and the communication between BLE devices does not need to establish a physical link; the BLE equipment can carry out WIFI distribution network through the broadcast packet. The complexity of communication logic is greatly saved, and the influence of environmental interference is correspondingly reduced, so that the method has multiple purposes.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the technical content and advantages of the present application may be more clearly understood, a further detailed description of the present application will now be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the application relates to a bluetooth broadcast network distribution method for an intelligent internet of things platform, which comprises the following steps:
s1, when the A device of BLE needs to perform Bluetooth network allocation operation to the B device of BLE, the A device sends a broadcast packet,
s1.1, firstly, defining a flow and a framework of a communication protocol, wherein the flow and the framework comprise a data structure of a broadcast packet: the WIFI information processing method comprises the steps of including total packet number, packet sequence number, own packet length and WIFI information data, wherein the WIFI information data comprise SSID and password;
s1.2, when the A equipment needs to broadcast information data of WIFI, judging the total length of data of SSID and password to determine whether packetization is needed or not;
s1.3, if the broadcast packet can contain the broadcasted complete WIFI information, the total packet number is1, and the step S2 is directly carried out;
if the broadcast packet cannot contain the broadcasted complete WIFI information, splitting is needed, and N packets are determined to be split through calculation, wherein N is a positive integer;
s1.4, after the equipment A prepares the N packets, starting broadcasting, and carrying out polling transmission on the N packets;
s2, the B device approaches the broadcasting range of the A device and starts a monitoring mode,
s2.1, because the B device starts monitoring when the A device sends any packet, the B device needs to judge that the data packet totally needs to monitor N packets to be complete according to the total packet number, and judges the number of the current packet according to the packet sequence number;
s2.2, obtaining N packets which are required to be received according to the total packet number to completely combine the data and combine the data;
and S3, completing the WIFI distribution network.
In particular, the method may be further described as follows:
when the device A needs to perform Bluetooth network allocation operation to the device B, because the data volume required by the network allocation is small, the device A and the device B can not establish a link, but the device A monitors only by sending a broadcast packet, and the device B transmits the information of the WIFI hot spot to the device B. The broadcast packet is divided into two types, namely an ADV DATA type and a SCAN RESP type, each type can transmit 31 bytes, and after addition, 62 bytes can be transmitted, so that the broadcast packet is very effective for transmitting small amounts of DATA such as SSID and password of WIFI, and if the number of bytes of DATA exceeds 62 bytes, only simple packetization processing is needed. The method not only simplifies the steps and difficulty of data interaction, but also improves the anti-interference capability.
The following is a specific communication protocol flow and frame defined for the bluetooth broadcast distribution network flow, and the data structure including the broadcast packet is specifically planned and defined:
broadcast packet protocol format:
1byte | 1byte | 1byte | 28bytes |
total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
Total number of packets: when the length of the WIFI information data exceeds 28 bytes, the packaging processing is needed, the meaning of the total package number is to inform a receiving end, and the WIFI information data can be completely obtained only when the data of a plurality of packages are received.
Packet sequence number: after the packetizing process is performed, the current packet belongs to the packet of the total packet number, if the total packet number is 4 and the packet number is 3, it is indicated that the current packet is the third packet, and three packets 1,2 and 4 need to be received to complete the data combination.
The length of the bag is as follows: a specific data length of WIFI information data of the current packet is described.
WIFI information data: the actual WIFI data, including SSID and password, is defined in detail as follows:
1byte | m bytes | 1byte | n bytes |
SSID byte Length m | SSID actual data | Cipher byte length n | Cryptographic actual data |
The format definition of the WIFI information data can effectively separate the SSID and the password field data, and avoids repeated or conflict between the separator and the actual content of the field data, so that the identification error is caused.
The following describes a simple communication flow based on the above broadcast format:
when the device A needs to broadcast the information data of WIFI, firstly judging the total length of the data of SSID and password, then packetizing, assuming that the information data of WIFI is longer, SSID has 32 bytes (assuming that MYWIFISSIDISABCDEFHIJKLMNOPLOPQRSTU), password has 32 bytes (assuming that MYWIFIPASSWDIS123456789 @ # $ # -. It needs to be split into three packets for transmission:
bag 1
Total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
3 | 1 | 28 | Actual data |
The actual data for packet 1 is: [0x20] MYWIFISSIDISABCDEFHIJKLMNOP, where [0x20] is a 16-ary representation of SSID length, accounting for only one byte of space in an actual packet;
bag 2
Total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
3 | 2 | 28 | Actual data |
The actual data for packet 2 is: QRSTU [0x20] mywifiasswdis12345678, where [0x20] is a 16-ary representation of the cipher length, taking up only one byte of space in the actual packet;
bag 3
Total number of packets | Packet sequence number | Length of the bag | WIFI information data |
3 | 3 | 8 | Actual data |
The actual data for packet 3 is: 90-! @ # $% and ≡.
After the device a prepares the above three packets, it starts broadcasting and polls and transmits the above three packets, each packet being transmitted for about 100 ms.
The B device approaches the broadcasting range of a and starts the listening mode, because B may start listening when a sends any packet, the B device needs to determine that the data packet needs to be listened to for several times to be complete through the total packet number, and determines what the current packet is through the packet sequence number. For the example, all data can be monitored within 300ms, and information data of the WIFI can be obtained.
The process of combining the data: and B, the device splices the WIFI information data according to the packet sequence numbers and the lengths of the respective packets to obtain integral data field information:
[0x20] MYWIFISSIDISABCDEFHIJKLMNOPQRSTU [0x20] MYWIFIPASSWDIS123456789 ]! @ # $ ≡ ≡, from the above information, the first byte is the length field of the SSID, so that 32 bytes can be calculated backward, thereby obtaining the SSID: mywifilisidsibacdichijklmnopoqrstu, one byte later is a field of the cipher length, so that 32 bytes are calculated back again to obtain the cipher information: MYWIFIPASSWDIS1234567890 123456789-! @ # $% and ≡.
In this example, the information data of WIFI is transmitted in plaintext, and no special processing and specification are performed for security. If the security requirement is met, the information data of the WIFI can be simply encrypted, for example, an ASCII code is added or subtracted, so that plaintext can be changed into ciphertext to a certain extent, and the security and reliability of transmission are improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The intelligent internet of things platform Bluetooth broadcasting network allocation method is characterized in that when BLE A equipment needs to perform Bluetooth network allocation operation to BLE B equipment, because the amount of data needed by network allocation is small, the A equipment and the B equipment can not establish a link, but the A equipment only monitors by sending a broadcasting packet, and the B equipment transmits information of a WIFI hot spot to the B equipment; the broadcast packet is divided into two types, namely ADV DATA and SCAN RESP, each type can send 31 bytes, after addition, 62 bytes can be sent, the transmission can be realized with less DATA quantity such as SSID and password of WIFI, and if the number of the DATA bytes exceeds 62 bytes, only the packetization processing is needed.
2. The intelligent internet of things platform bluetooth broadcast distribution network method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of:
s1, when the A device of BLE needs to perform Bluetooth network allocation operation to the B device of BLE, the A device sends a broadcast packet,
s1.1, firstly, defining a flow and a framework of a communication protocol, wherein the flow and the framework comprise a data structure of a broadcast packet: the WIFI information processing method comprises the steps of including total packet number, packet sequence number, own packet length and WIFI information data, wherein the WIFI information data comprise SSID and password;
s1.2, when the A equipment needs to broadcast information data of WIFI, judging the total length of data of SSID and password to determine whether packetization is needed or not;
s1.3, if the broadcast packet can contain the broadcasted complete WIFI information, the total packet number is1, and the step S2 is directly transmitted and carried out;
if the broadcast packet cannot contain the broadcasted complete WIFI information, splitting is needed, and N packets are determined to be split through calculation, wherein N is a positive integer;
s1.4, after the equipment A prepares the N packets, starting broadcasting, and carrying out polling transmission on the N packets;
s2, the B device approaches the broadcasting range of the A device and starts a monitoring mode,
s2.1, because the B device starts monitoring when the A device sends any packet, the B device needs to judge that the data packet totally needs to monitor N packets to be complete according to the total packet number, and judges the number of the current packet according to the packet sequence number;
s2.2, obtaining N packets which are required to be received according to the total packet number to completely combine the data and combine the data;
and S3, completing the WIFI distribution network.
3. The method for intelligent internet of things platform bluetooth broadcast distribution network according to claim 2, wherein in step S1,
the broadcast packet protocol format:
Total number of packets: when the length of the WIFI information data exceeds 28 bytes, the packaging processing is needed, the meaning of the total package number is to inform a receiving end, and the WIFI information data can be completely obtained only when the data of a plurality of packages are received;
packet sequence number: after the packetizing process is performed, the current packet belongs to the number of packets of the total packet number, if the total packet number is added to be N, and the packet sequence number is N-1, then the current packet is the N-1 th packet, and 1,2, … … N-2 and N packets are also required to be received to complete the data combination, wherein N is a positive integer;
the length of the bag is as follows: specific data length of WIFI information data of a current package is described;
WIFI information data: the actual WIFI data, including SSID and password, is defined as follows:
The format definition of the WIFI information data can effectively separate the SSID and the password field data, and avoids repeated or conflict between the separator and the actual content of the field data, so that identification errors are avoided.
4. The method for intelligent internet of things platform bluetooth broadcast distribution network according to claim 3, wherein assuming that the total data length of information data of WIFI is greater than 31 bytes of the data length of a single packet of broadcast packets, SSID has 32 bytes, password has 32 bytes, so that the total length is 64 bytes, one broadcast packet must not be contained, and needs to be split into three packets to be transmitted.
5. The intelligent internet of things platform bluetooth broadcast distribution network method according to claim 4, wherein the three packets are represented as follows:
bag 1
Bag 2
Bag 3
。
6. The intelligent internet of things platform Bluetooth broadcasting network allocation method according to claim 5, wherein,
the SSID has 32 bytes, assuming:
MYWIFISSIDISABCDEFHIJKLMNOPQRSTU,
the password has 32 bytes, assuming:
MYWIFIPASSWDIS1234567890!@#$%^&*,
the total length of the SSID and the password is 64 bytes, and the total length of the data is 66 bytes, and the SSID and the password are divided into three packets to be transmitted:
bag 1
The actual data for packet 1 is: [0x20] MYWIFISSIDISABCDEFHIJKLMNOP, where [0x20] is a 16-ary representation of SSID length, accounting for only one byte of space in an actual packet;
bag 2
The actual data for packet 2 is: QRSTU [0x20] mywifiasswdis12345678, where [0x20] is a 16-ary representation of the cipher length, taking up only one byte of space in the actual packet;
bag 3
The actual data for packet 3 is: 90-! @ # $% and ≡.
7. The intelligent internet of things platform bluetooth broadcast distribution network method according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises:
s1.4, after the three packets are prepared, the A device starts broadcasting and carries out polling transmission on the three packets, and each packet is transmitted for 100ms;
s2, the equipment B approaches to the broadcasting range of the equipment A and starts a monitoring mode, and all data are monitored within 300ms by the three packets, and information data of the WIFI are obtained.
8. The method for intelligent internet of things platform bluetooth broadcast distribution network according to claim 7, wherein the process of combining data is as follows:
and B, the device splices the WIFI information data according to the packet sequence numbers and the lengths of the respective packets to obtain integral data field information:
[0x20] MYWIFISSIDISABCDEFHIJKLMNOPQRSTU [0x20] MYWIFIPASSWDIS123456789 ]! @ # $ ≡ ≡, from the above information, the first byte is the length field of the SSID, so that 32 bytes can be calculated backward, thereby obtaining the SSID: mywifilisidsibacdichijklmnopoqrstu, one byte later is a field of the cipher length, so that 32 bytes are calculated back again to obtain the cipher information: MYWIFIPASSWDIS1234567890 123456789-! @ # $% and ≡.
9. The method for intelligent internet of things platform bluetooth broadcast distribution network according to claim 1, wherein if information data of WIFI in the method are all transmitted through plaintext, no special processing and specification are performed for security; if the security requirement is met, the encryption processing is carried out on the information data of the WIFI, including the addition and subtraction processing of an ASCII code, namely, the plaintext can be changed into the ciphertext, so that the transmission security is improved.
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CN117880928A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-04-12 | 北京维普无限智能技术有限公司 | Networking method, device and system based on Bluetooth broadcast |
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