CN116743333A

CN116743333A - Information indication method and communication device

Info

Publication number: CN116743333A
Application number: CN202310619825.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭宇宸; 淦明; 李云波
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-07
Filing date: 2021-04-30
Publication date: 2023-09-12
Also published as: CN116566568A; KR20230129269A; AU2022253085B2; MX2023010343A; CN115189854A; EP4262127A4; EP4262127A1; WO2022213859A1; TWI821973B; AU2024203900A1; BR112023017862A2; TW202406312A; CA3206086A1; CN116566568B; TW202249454A; US20240196439A1; AU2022253085A1; US11943811B2; JP2024506739A; US20230363001A1

Abstract

The application discloses an information indication method and a communication device. Generating a first frame by a non-AP MLD or a first STA in the non-AP MLD, wherein the first frame comprises indication information for indicating the duration occupied by filling bits in an initial control frame required for meeting channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bits is determined according to the duration of a control response frame; the first frame is transmitted by the non-AP MLD, a first STA or other STA in the non-AP MLD. The first frame is received by the AP MLD or a first AP or other APs in the AP MLD, and the AP MLD or the first AP determines, according to the indication information, a duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame. Based on the scheme, the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame can be accurately determined, so that the first STA can complete switching of a corresponding number of transmission channels before the arrival of the subsequent data frame.

Description

Information indication method and communication device

The present application is a divisional application, the application number of which is 202110485965.4, the application date of which is 2021, 04, 30, and the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to an information indication method and a communication device.

Background

As wireless technology evolves, more and more wireless devices support multi-link communications. Non-access point multi-link devices (non-access point multi-link devices, non-AP MLDs) can listen on multiple links. When a non-AP MLD or a non-AP station (non-access point station, non-AP STA) in the non-AP MLD receives an initial control frame sent to it on a link, a receive channel (receive chain) on the other link may be switched to the link so that after the initial control frame is received, data frames may be received at a higher rate.

As shown in the transmission channel switching process schematic diagram of fig. 1, when the number of reception channels of the non-AP MLD on a link is switched from a to B (where B > a, and in fig. 1, the number of reception channels is switched from 1 to 2), a certain time is required, and therefore, an access point multi-link device (access point multi-link device, AP MLD) or an Access Point (AP) in the AP MLD needs to add padding bits (padding bits) in a transmitted initial control frame to make the non-AP MLD have enough time to switch its reception channels after receiving the initial control frame. The non-AP MLD can start switching after receiving the content part in the initial control frame, and only needs to complete switching before the arrival of the following data frame. The longer the handover delay required by the non-AP MLD, the more padding bits that need to be added in the initial control frame.

However, when the AP MLD or the AP in the AP MLD transmits the initial control frame, how to determine the duration occupied by the padding bit, so that the non-AP MLD can complete switching of the number of transmission channels before the arrival of the subsequent data frame, and no corresponding solution exists at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an information indication method and a communication device, which are used for accurately determining the time length occupied by filling bits of an initial control frame so that non-AP MLD can finish switching of the number of transmission channels before a subsequent data frame arrives.

In a first aspect, there is provided an information indication method, the method comprising: generating a first frame by a non-AP MLD or a first STA in the non-AP MLD, wherein the first frame comprises indication information, the indication information is used for indicating the duration occupied by filling bits in an initial control frame required for meeting channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bits is determined according to the duration of a control response frame; and the first frame is transmitted by a first STA or other STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD. In this aspect, the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame may be accurately determined, so that the first STA can complete switching of a corresponding number of transmission channels before the arrival of the subsequent data frame.

In one possible implementation, the indication information is carried in an enhanced multi-link single radio delay field of the first frame and/or an enhanced multi-link multi-radio delay field of the first frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the first frame includes a plurality of the indication information, where each of the plurality of indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit of an initial control frame corresponding to a transmission rate of the initial control frame. In this implementation, the non-AP MLD or the non-AP STA may send a plurality of indication information to the AP MLD or the AP, where each indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit of an initial control frame corresponding to a sending rate of the initial control frame, and the AP MLD or the AP may determine, according to an actual sending rate of the initial control frame, a duration occupied by the padding bit in the corresponding initial control frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes: the first STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD determines the duration of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes: the non-AP MLD or a first STA in the non-AP MLD determines a minimum value of the duration of the control response frame. In this implementation, the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame is the shortest duration of the control response frame. The non-AP MLD or the first STA determines the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame, so that the maximum value of the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame can be determined, and thus the time delay required for the first STA to switch the corresponding number of transmission channels can be satisfied.

In yet another possible implementation, the determining the duration of the control response frame includes: a first STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD determining a rate of the control response frame; and determining the duration of the control response frame according to the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame by the first STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD. In this implementation, the length of the control response frame is associated with the format of the control response frame, where the duration of the control response frame = the length of the control response frame/the rate of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the determining the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame includes: a first STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD determining a maximum value of the rate of the control response frame; and determining a minimum value of the duration of the control response frame according to the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame by the first STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD. In this implementation, the length of the control response frame is associated with the format of the control response frame, where the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame = the maximum value of the length of the control response frame/the rate of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame is a maximum rate of less than or equal to the maximum rate of the initial control frame in a basic service set basic rate set. In this implementation, the basic rate set of the basic service set includes one or more basic rates that may be supported by the first STA, and the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame is the maximum rate less than or equal to the maximum rate of the initial control frame in the basic rate set of the basic service set, so that the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame may be obtained according to the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame, and further the minimum value of the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame may be determined. The maximum rate of the initial control frame is a variable.

In yet another possible implementation, the maximum rate of the initial control frame is 24Mbps, and then the maximum rate of the control response frame is a smaller value between 24Mbps and the maximum rate in the basic service set basic rate set. In this implementation, the maximum rate of the initial control frame may be a fixed 24Mbps. The basic rate set of the basic service set comprises one or more basic rates which can be supported by the first STA, and the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame is the maximum rate which is less than or equal to 24Mbps in the basic rate set of the basic service set, so that the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame can be obtained according to the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame, and the minimum value of the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame can be further determined.

In yet another possible implementation, the length of time occupied by the padding bits is associated with a handoff delay, a first inter-frame spacing between the initial control frame and the control response frame, a second inter-frame spacing between the control response frame and the data frame, and a length of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, a maximum value of the length of time occupied by the padding bits is associated with a handoff delay, a first inter-frame interval between the initial control frame and the control response frame, a second inter-frame interval between the control response frame and the data frame, and a minimum value of the length of time of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the length of the padding is the length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at the maximum rate, or the length of the padding is determined according to the maximum rate of the initial control frame, or the length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at 24Mbps, or the length of the padding is the length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at any rate, or the length of the padding is the maximum value of the length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at all rates.

In a second aspect, there is provided an information indication method, the method comprising: a first AP or other AP in the AP MLD receives a first frame, wherein the first frame comprises indication information, the indication information is used for indicating the duration occupied by filling bits in an initial control frame required for meeting channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bits is determined according to the duration of a control response frame; and determining the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame by the AP MLD or the first AP according to the indication information.

In yet another possible implementation, the first frame includes a plurality of indication information, where each of the plurality of indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit of an initial control frame corresponding to a transmission rate of the initial control frame; the first AP determining, according to the first frame, a duration occupied by a padding bit in the initial control frame, including: and determining the duration occupied by filling bits in the initial control frame corresponding to the sending rate of the initial control frame according to the first frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the duration of the control response frame is determined based on the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame is determined from the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame is a maximum rate of less than or equal to the maximum rate of the initial control frame in a basic service set basic rate set.

In yet another possible implementation, the maximum rate of the initial control frame is 24Mbps, and then the maximum rate of the control response frame is a smaller value between 24Mbps and the maximum rate in the basic service set basic rate set.

In yet another possible implementation, the length of the padding is the length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at the maximum rate, or the length of the padding is determined according to the maximum rate of the initial control frame, or the length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at 24Mbps, or the length of the padding is the length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at any rate, or the length of the padding is the maximum length of the padding needed when the initial control frame is transmitted at all rates.

In a third aspect, there is provided an information indication method, the method comprising: generating a first frame by a first STA in a non-AP MLD or a non-AP MLD, wherein the first frame comprises indication information, and the indication information is used for indicating time delay required by switching the number of transmission channels of the first STA from a first value to a second value; and the first frame is transmitted by a first STA or other STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD. In this aspect, the non-AP MLD or a first STA in the non-AP MLD instructs the AP to switch the delay required for the corresponding number of transmission channels, such that the delay is satisfied when the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame is set by the AP, so that the first STA can complete the switching of the corresponding number of transmission channels before the arrival of the subsequent data frame.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided an information indicating method, the method including: a first AP or other AP in the AP MLD or the AP MLD receives a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the first STA from a first value to a second value; and the first AP determines the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame, wherein the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame is determined according to the time delay.

In one possible implementation, the length of time occupied by the padding bits is associated with the time delay, a first inter-frame spacing between the initial control frame and the control response frame, a second inter-frame spacing between the control response frame and the data frame, and the length of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the duration of the control response frame is associated with the rate of the control response frame.

In yet another possible implementation, the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame is a maximum rate in the basic service set basic rate set that is less than or equal to the rate of the initial control frame.

In yet another possible implementation, a sum of a duration occupied by the padding bits and the first inter-frame space is greater than a processing delay of the initial control frame.

In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which can implement the information indication method in the first aspect. The communication means may be, for example, a chip or a non-AP MLD or a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD. The above method may be implemented by software, hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.

In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit; wherein: the processing unit is used for generating a first frame, the first frame comprises indication information, the indication information is used for indicating the duration occupied by filling bits in an initial control frame required by meeting channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bits is determined according to the duration of a control response frame; and the transceiver unit is configured to transmit the first frame.

Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to determine a duration of the control response frame.

Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to determine a minimum value of a duration of the control response frame.

Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to determine a rate of the control response frame; and determining the duration of the control response frame according to the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

Optionally, the processing unit is further configured to determine a maximum value of the rate of the control response frame; and determining a minimum value of the duration of the control response frame according to the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

When the communication device is a non-AP MLD, the communication device comprises the receiving and transmitting unit and the processing unit; when the communication device is a non-AP MLD, the communication device comprises a non-AP STA and a processing unit, the receiving and transmitting unit is positioned in the non-AP STA, and a plurality of non-AP STAs can share one processing unit; when the communication device is a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD, the communication device comprises the receiving and transmitting unit and the processing unit.

In a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which can implement the information indication method in the second aspect. The communication means may be, for example, a chip or an AP MLD or an AP in an AP MLD, the above method being implemented by software, hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software.

In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit; wherein: the receiving and transmitting unit is used for receiving a first frame, the first frame comprises indication information, the indication information is used for indicating the duration occupied by filling bits in an initial control frame required by meeting channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bits is determined according to the duration of a control response frame; and the processing unit is used for determining the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame according to the indication information.

Optionally, the first frame includes a plurality of indication information, where each indication information in the plurality of indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit of an initial control frame corresponding to a sending rate of the initial control frame; the processing unit is further configured to determine, according to the first frame, a duration occupied by a padding bit in the initial control frame corresponding to the transmission rate of the initial control frame.

When the communication device is an AP MLD, the communication device comprises the receiving and transmitting unit and the processing unit; when the communication device is an AP MLDP, the communication device comprises an AP and a processing unit, the transceiver unit is positioned in the AP, and a plurality of APs can share one processing unit; when the communication device is an AP in the AP MLD, the communication device includes the transceiver unit and the processing unit.

A seventh aspect provides a communication apparatus capable of implementing the information indicating method in the third aspect. The communication means may be, for example, a chip or a non-AP MLD or a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD. The above method may be implemented by software, hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.

In one possible implementation, the communication device may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit; wherein: the processing unit is configured to generate a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a time delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the station from a first value to a second value; and the transceiver unit is configured to transmit the first frame.

An eighth aspect provides a communication apparatus capable of implementing the information indicating method in the fourth aspect. The communication means may be, for example, a chip or an AP MLD or an AP in an AP MLD. The above method may be implemented by software, hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.

In another possible implementation manner, the communication device may include: a transceiver unit and a processing unit; wherein: the receiving and transmitting unit is used for receiving a first frame, and the first frame comprises indication information, wherein the indication information is used for indicating time delay required by switching the number of transmission channels of a station from a first value to a second value; and the processing unit is used for determining the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame, wherein the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame is determined according to the time delay.

When the communication device is an AP MLD, the communication device comprises the receiving and transmitting unit and the processing unit; when the communication device is an AP MLD, the communication device comprises an AP and a processing unit, the transceiver unit is positioned in the AP, and a plurality of APs can share one processing unit; when the communication device is an AP in the AP MLD, the communication device includes the transceiver unit and the processing unit.

In a possible implementation manner, the communication apparatus in the fifth to eighth aspects above includes a processor coupled to a memory; the processor is configured to support the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions in the information indication method described above. The memory is used to couple with the processor, which holds the necessary programs (instructions) and/or data for the device. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a communication interface for supporting communication between the device and other network elements. Alternatively, the memory may be located inside the communication device or outside the communication device.

In a further possible implementation manner, the communication device in the fifth to eighth aspects includes a processor and a transceiver device, where the processor is coupled to the transceiver device, and the processor is configured to execute a computer program or instructions to control the transceiver device to receive and send information; the processor is also adapted to implement the above-described methods by logic circuits or executing code instructions when the processor executes the computer program or instructions. The transceiver device may be a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or an input-output interface, and is configured to receive signals from other communication devices other than the communication device and transmit the signals to the processor or send the signals from the processor to the other communication devices other than the communication device. When the communication device is a chip, the transceiver is a transceiver circuit or an input/output interface.

When the communication device in the fifth to eighth aspects described above is a chip, the transmission unit may be an output unit such as an output circuit or a communication interface; the receiving unit may be an input unit such as an input circuit or a communication interface. When the communication device is a terminal, the transmitting unit may be a transmitter or a transmitter; the receiving unit may be a receiver or a receiver.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program or instructions which, when executed, implement the method of the above aspects.

In a tenth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a communications device, cause the communications device to perform the method of the above aspects.

In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a communication system including the communication apparatus of the fifth aspect and the communication apparatus of the sixth aspect.

In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a communication system comprising the communication apparatus of the seventh aspect and the communication apparatus of the eighth aspect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmission channel switching process according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-link device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a format of a MU-RTS frame;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a non-HT PPDU;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a format of a CTS frame;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a format of a QoS-Null frame;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a format of a first frame according to an example embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a flowchart of another information indication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the duration of the padding bits and the processing delay of the trigger frame;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

First, several concepts to which the present application relates will be described:

Multi-link device (MLD)

The multi-link equipment can communicate on frequency bands such as 2.4GHz, 5GHz and 6GHz at the same time or on different channels in the same frequency band at the same time, so that the communication rate between the equipment is improved.

A multi-link device typically comprises a plurality of Stations (STAs), each STA operating on a particular frequency band or channel. As shown in the schematic diagram of the multi-link device in fig. 2, the multi-link device may be an AP MLD100 or a non-AP MLD200. In the case of AP MLD, one or more APs (e.g., AP in the figure) are included in the device ₁ ～AP _n ) And each STA in the AP MLD is an AP; in the case of non-AP MLD, one or more non-AP STAs (e.g., STAs in the figure) are included in the device ₁ ～STA _n ) And each STA in the non-AP MLD is a non-AP STA. One or more non-AP STAs in the non-AP MLD may communicate after establishing an association with one or more APs in the AP MLD.

In one implementation, each non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD may include a processing unit/processor and a transceiver unit/transceiver, where the processing unit/processor may perform processing operations in the present application, such as generating, determining, etc.; the transceiver unit/transceiver is for communicating with the AP MLD or an AP of the AP MLD associated with the non-AP STA. Accordingly, the processing and transceiving operations in the present application can be performed by the non-AP STA in the non-AP MLD.

In yet another implementation, each non-AP STA in the non-AP MLD includes only a transceiver unit/processor that may be shared by the individual non-AP STAs in the non-AP MLD. Accordingly, the transceiving operation in the present application can be performed by the non-AP STA in the non-AP MLD, and the processing operation in the present application can be performed by the non-AP MLD.

In yet another implementation, the non-AP MLD may include a processing unit/processor and a transceiver unit/transceiver, where the processing unit/processor may perform processing operations in the present application, such as generating, determining, etc.; the transceiver unit/transceiver is used to communicate with the AP MLD. Thus, the processing and transceiving operations in the present application can be performed by the non-AP MLD.

For clarity and simplicity of description, the present application will be described with an example in which the processing and transceiving operations in the present application are performed by a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD.

In one implementation, each AP in the AP MLD may include a processing unit/processor and a transceiver unit/transceiver, the processing unit/processor may perform processing operations in the present application, such as determining, etc.; the transceiver unit/transceiver is for communicating with a non-AP MLD or a non-AP STA associated with the AP in the non-AP MLD. Accordingly, the processing and transceiving operations in the present application can be performed by the AP in the AP MLD.

In yet another implementation, each AP in the AP MLD includes only a transceiver unit/transceiver, the AP MLD includes a processing unit/processor that may be shared by the various APs in the AP MLD. Accordingly, the transceiving operation in the present application can be performed by the AP in the AP MLD, and the processing operation in the present application can be performed by the AP MLD.

In yet another implementation, the AP MLD may include a processing unit/processor and a transceiver unit/transceiver, where the processing unit/processor may perform processing operations, such as determining, etc., in the present application; the transceiver unit/transceiver is used for communication with the non-AP MLD. Accordingly, the processing and transceiving operations in the present application can be performed by the AP MLD.

For clarity and simplicity of description, the present application will be described by taking an example in which the processing and transceiving operations in the present application are performed by an AP in the AP MLD.

Enhanced multilink operation

In enhanced multi-link operation, the non-AP MLD may listen on multiple links. After receiving an initial control frame sent to it on one link, the receive channels on the other links may be switched to that link so that after receiving the initial control frame, data frames may be received at a higher rate.

Enhanced multilink single-radio operation (emlmsr) and enhanced multilink multi-radio operation (eMLMR). In eMLSR operation, non-AP MLD may listen on multiple links, but only data communication on one link; in the eMLMR operation, the non-AP MLD may listen on multiple links or may communicate data on multiple links. The common point is that the number of the receiving channels is A during monitoring; during data transmission, the number of receiving channels is B, wherein B is more than A.

The scheme of the application is mainly applied to the wireless local area network. Still referring to fig. 1, the communication system of the present application includes an AP MLD100 and a non-AP MLD200. One or more non-AP STAs in the non-AP MLD200 may communicate after establishing an association with one or more APs in the AP MLD.

It should be noted that the terms "system" and "network" in embodiments of the present application may be used interchangeably. "plurality" means two or more, and "plurality" may also be understood as "at least two" in this embodiment of the present application. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

Still referring to fig. 1, the times at which the non-AP MLD is able to perform transmission channel switching include: the filling bit of the initial control frame occupies a time length, a first inter-frame interval between the initial control frame and the control response frame, a time length occupied by the control response frame, and a second inter-frame interval between the control response frame and the data frame. However, the duration of the control response frame depends on the transmission rate of the initial control frame, so that the STA cannot determine the duration of the control response frame before receiving the initial control frame, and therefore cannot determine the duration of the padding bits in the initial control frame.

The embodiment of the application provides an information indication scheme, wherein a first STA in a non-AP MLD generates a first frame, the first frame comprises indication information used for indicating the duration occupied by a filling bit in an initial control frame required for meeting channel switching time delay, the duration occupied by the filling bit is determined according to the duration of a control response frame, or the indication information is used for indicating the time delay required for switching the number of transmission channels from the first channel number to the second channel number, or the indication information is used for indicating the time delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the first STA from a first value to a second value; the first frame is transmitted by the non-AP MLD or by a first STA or other STA in the non-AP MLD. The first frame is received by the AP MLD or a first AP or other AP in the AP MLD, and a duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame is determined according to the indication information. Based on the scheme, the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame can be accurately determined, so that the first STA can complete switching of the transmission channels with corresponding values before the arrival of the subsequent data frame.

As shown in fig. 3, a flow chart of an information indication method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the method includes the following steps:

s101, a first STA generates a first frame.

Still referring to fig. 1, taking an example of switching the number of transmission channels from 1 to 2, before switching, the non-AP STA1 in the link 1 and the non-AP STA2 in the link 2 each have a spatial stream receiving capability, or referred to as the non-AP STA1 and the non-AP STA2 each have one transmission channel. In the present application, a transmission channel may also be referred to as a transmission channel, a transmission module, a spatial stream, or the like. AP1 in link 1 transmits an initial control frame to non-AP STA 1. Wherein the initial control frame includes a content portion and a padding portion (i.e., padding bits). The non-AP STA1 may start switching after receiving the content portion of the initial control frame transmitted by the AP1, and may complete switching before the arrival of the subsequent data frame. The non-AP STA1 starts to switch, at this time, the non-AP STA2 switches the transmission module to the link 1, and the link 2 loses the transmission capability. Of course, this is for eMLSR. For eMLMR, the non-AP STA2 may have a plurality of transmission modules, and after switching one transmission module to the non-AP STA1, the non-AP STA2 may also perform data communication through other transmission modules.

The non-AP STA1 may start switching after receiving the content part of the initial control frame transmitted by the AP1, and thus, the time for which the non-AP STA1 can perform transmission channel switching includes: the AP1 transmits the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame, a first inter-frame interval between the initial control frame and the control response frame, a second inter-frame interval between the control response frame and the data frame, and the non-AP STA1 transmits the time length of the control response frame. Wherein the first inter-frame space and the second inter-frame space are short inter-frame spaces (SIFS). The short interframe spacing is typically 16 mus. Therefore, determining the duration of the pad bit in the initial control frame is critical to determining the duration of the control response frame.

Wherein determining the duration of the control response frame comprises: the rate of the control response frame is determined, and the duration of the control response frame is determined according to the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame. Thus, the length of the padding bits in the initial control frame = the switching delay-the first inter-frame space-the length of the control response frame-the second inter-frame space. The handoff delay may be factory set in the first STA. Optionally, the time during which the transmission channel switching is enabled further comprises a certain margin Δ, whereby the filler bits in the initial control frame occupy a time period = switching delay-first inter-frame space-time period of the control response frame-second inter-frame space- Δ, which margin Δ may be, for example, the preamble of the data frame.

Further, to maximally satisfy the handoff delay, a maximum value of a duration occupied by the padding bits may be determined. Wherein the maximum value of the time length occupied by the filling bit is determined according to the minimum value of the time length of the control response frame. The minimum value of the duration of the control response frame may also be referred to as the shortest duration of the control response frame.

Specifically, the first STA determines a minimum value of a duration of the control response frame, including: determining a maximum value of the rate of the control response frame; and determining the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame according to the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame. Thus, the maximum value of the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame = switching delay-first inter-frame space-minimum value of the duration of the control response frame-second inter-frame space. The maximum value of the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame, namely the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame when the first AP sends the initial control frame at the maximum speed. Optionally, the time during which the transmission channel switching is enabled further includes a certain margin Δ, so that the maximum value of the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame = switching delay-first inter-frame space-minimum value of the duration of the control response frame-second inter-frame space- Δ.

Regarding the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame, in one implementation, the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame is a maximum rate that is less than or equal to the maximum rate of the initial control frame in the basic service set basic rate set (bssbasiclateset). Wherein BSSBasicRateSet is a parameter broadcasted by AP MLD before link establishment. The AP MLD broadcasts a non-AP MLD informing that it wants to establish a link with, and if the non-AP MLD has the ability for the AP MLD to receive data when it is transmitting the data at any rate in bssbasiclateset, the non-AP MLD can establish a link with the AP MLD. The BSSBasicRateSet may include a rate, for example, of {6, 12, 24, 48}, and the maximum rate of the initial control frame may be a variable, the maximum rate of the initial control frame not exceeding the maximum rate in BSSBasicRateSet. For example, the maximum rate of the initial control frame is 24, and the maximum rate of the control response frame is 24. For another example, the maximum rate of the initial control frame is 12, and the maximum rate of the control response frame is 12.

In another implementation, in this implementation, the maximum rate of the initial control frame is a fixed value, e.g., 24Mbps, so the maximum rate of the control response frame = min {24Mbps, maximum rate in bssbasicrateset parameter }. For example, if the maximum rate in the BSSBasicRateSet parameter is 48, the maximum rate=min {24Mbps,48Mbps } of the control response frame, i.e., the maximum rate of the control response frame is 24Mbps.

In addition, the duration of the control response frame is also related to the format of the control response frame. Accordingly, the minimum value of the duration of the control response frame may be determined according to the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame, the format of the control response frame, and the length of the control response frame.

In one implementation, the initial control frame is a MU-RTS frame and the control response frame is a CTS frame. The MU-RTS frame is one of trigger frames (trigger frames), and when the value of the trigger type (trigger type) in the trigger frame is 3, the trigger frame is MU-RTS. The format of the MU-RTS is shown in fig. 4. The MU-RTS includes the following fields: frame control (frame control), duration (duration), receive address (receiving address, RA), transmit address (transmitting address, TA), public information (common information), user info list (user info list), padding (padding), frame Check Sequence (FCS). Wherein the common information field further comprises a plurality of fields; the user information list field includes one or more user information.

Wherein, in the public information field, the following fields are reserved fields (i.e. not used for MU-RTS): uplink length (UL length), guard interval and long training field type (GI and LTF type), multi-user multiple input multiple output long training field mode (MU-MIMO LTF mode), number of high efficiency long training field symbols and intermediate code period (number of HE-LTF symbols and midamble periodicity), uplink space time block code (UL STBC), extra symbol slices of low density parity check code (LDPC extra symbol segment), access point transmit power (AP TX power), padding factor before forward error correction (pre-FEC padding factor), packet extension disambiguation (PE), uplink spatial multiplexing (UL spatial reuse), doppler (Doppler), and uplink high efficiency signaling field A2 reservation (UL HE-SIG-A2 reserved).

Among the user information fields, the following fields are reserved fields: an uplink high efficiency modulation coding strategy (UL HE-MCS), an uplink FEC coding type (UL FEC coding type), uplink last carrier modulation (UL DCM), synchronization offset allocation/random access RU information (SS allocation/RA-RU information), and an uplink target received signal strength indication (UL target RSSI).

Wherein the initial control frame includes a content portion and padding bits. For a certain non-AP STA, after receiving its own user information in the initial control frame sent by the AP and the contents of the previous fields (including fields of frame control, duration, receiving address, sending address, and public information), it considers that the content part of the initial control frame is received. The padding bits of the initial control frame include other user information portions and padding fields in the initial control frame. In particular, the FCS field may be considered as the content part of the initial control frame, as well as the padding bits of the initial control frame.

The initial control frame is MU-RTS frame, and the control response frame is CTS frame. The format of the CTS frame may be a non-HT or non-HT duplicate format. The frame format of the non-HT PPDU is as shown in fig. 5, and the CTS frame includes the following fields: physical layer preamble (PHY preamble), signal (signal), and data (data). Wherein the physical layer preamble occupies 12 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) symbols, the signal occupies 1 OFDM symbol, and the OFDM symbol occupied by the data is variable. Wherein it takes 20 mus to transmit the physical layer preamble and the signal field. The data field includes a 16-bit service (service) field, a 112-bit (i.e., 14-byte) PSDU field, and a 6-bit tail field, which are 16+112+6=134 bits in total. The frame structure of the CTS frame is shown in fig. 6, and the physical layer service data unit (physical layer service data unit, PSDU) includes frame control (frame control), duration (duration), reception address (receiving address, RA), and FCS fields, which occupy 2 bytes, 6 bytes, and 4 bytes, respectively, for a total of 14 bytes. For example, when the rate of the control response frame is 24Mbps, the length of time required for transmitting 134 Bits is 134/24= 5.583us, and since the length of the data portion (i.e., the data field) is required to be an integer multiple of 4us, the length of the data field is actually 8us, and in particular, the length of the control response frame is 20+8=28 us because Bits are added to the Pad Bits field so as to reach 8us. As another example, when the rate of the control response frame is 6Mbps, the length of time required to transmit 134 bits is 134/6=22.33 us, which needs to be aligned to 24us, thus making a total of 20+24=44 us.

In another implementation, the initial control frame is a BSRP frame and the control response frame is a QoS-Null frame. The frame structure of the BSRP frame is the same as that of the MU-RTS frame, and reference is made to fig. 4. When the value of the trigger type of the trigger frame is 4, the trigger frame is a BSRP frame. In addition, the reserved field in the MU-RTS frame is used in the BSRP frame and is no longer a reserved field. The format of the QoS-Null frame is shown in fig. 7, and includes the following fields: frame control (frame control), duration (duration), address 1, address 2, address 3, sequence control (sequence control), address 4, quality of service control (QoS control), high throughput control (HT control), and Frame Check Sequence (FCS). The QoS-Null frame needs to be transmitted using the HE TB PPDU format or the EHT TB PPDU format. The preamble of the two formats is longer, and the preamble part exceeds 50 mu s, so when the control response frame is a QoS-Null frame, the time length of the control response frame is longer than that of the control response frame which is a CTS frame, and the requirement on the time length occupied by the filling bit of the initial control frame is lower. Therefore, the present embodiment may take the control response frame as the CTS frame as an example to report the duration occupied by the padding bits of the initial control frame.

The first STA may generate the first frame after determining a duration occupied by the padding bits of the initial control frame.

In one implementation, the first frame includes indication information indicating a length of time occupied by padding bits in the initial control frame required to satisfy the channel switch delay. Optionally, the duration of the padding is the duration of the padding required when the initial control frame is transmitted at the maximum rate, or the duration of the padding is determined according to the maximum rate of the initial control frame, or the duration of the padding is the duration of the padding required when the initial control frame is transmitted at 24Mbps, or the duration of the padding is the duration of the padding required when the initial control frame is transmitted at any rate, or the duration of the padding is the maximum of the duration of the padding required when the initial control frame is transmitted at all rates.

Specifically, in one example, a relationship between the duration of the one or more padding bits and the indication information may be predefined or pre-negotiated by the first STA and the first AP. The relationship is shown in Table 1 below:

TABLE 1

Indication information	The time length occupied by the filling bit required by switching delay is satisfied
		First value (e.g. 0)	0us
Second value (e.g. 1)	32us
		Third value (e.g. 2)	64us
Fourth value (e.g. 3)	96us
		Fifth value (e.g. 4)	128us
Sixth value (e.g. 5)	160us
		Seventh value (e.g. 6)	192us
Eighth value (e.g. 7)	224us
		……	……

According to table 1, when the indication information is the first value, the duration occupied by the padding bit is 0us; when the indication information is a second value, the duration occupied by the filling bit is less than or equal to 32us; when the indication information is a third value, the duration occupied by the filling bit is less than or equal to 64us; and so on.

In yet another example, the relationship between the duration of the one or more padding bits and the indication information may be predefined or pre-negotiated by the first STA and the first AP. The relationship is shown in Table 2 below:

TABLE 2

Indication information	The time length occupied by the filling bit required by switching delay is satisfied
		First value (e.g. 0)	0us
Second value (e.g. 1)	32us
		Third value (e.g. 2)	64us
Fourth value (e.g. 3)	128us
		Fifth value (e.g. 4)	256us
……	……

In yet another implementation, the first frame includes a plurality of indication information, where each of the plurality of indication information is configured to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit of the initial control frame corresponding to a transmission rate of the initial control frame.

For example, the first STA transmits a first frame to the first AP, the first frame including a plurality of indication information. Wherein:

the first indication information is used for indicating the duration of the filling bit of the initial control frame corresponding to the transmission rate of the initial control frame of 6 Mbps;

The second indication information is used for indicating the duration of the filling bit of the initial control frame corresponding to the transmission rate of the initial control frame of 12 Mbps;

the third indication information is used for indicating the duration of the filling bit of the initial control frame corresponding to the transmission rate of the initial control frame being 24 Mbps.

The first STA may determine which indication information is used to indicate the length of time occupied by the padding bits of the different initial control frames based on table 1 above. For example, the transmission rate of the initial control frame is that the duration occupied by the filling bit of the initial control frame corresponding to 6Mbps is greater than 0us and less than or equal to 32us, and the first indication information is corresponding to the first indication information; the transmission rate of the initial control frame is that the time length occupied by the filling bit of the initial control frame corresponding to 12Mbps is more than 32us and less than or equal to 64us, and the filling bit corresponds to second indication information; the transmission rate of the initial control frame is that the time length occupied by the filling bit of the initial control frame corresponding to 24Mbps is more than 64us and less than or equal to 96us, and the third indication information is corresponding.

S102, the first STA transmits a first frame. Accordingly, the first AP associated with the first STA receives the first frame.

The first frame includes indication information. As shown in fig. 8, a schematic format of an exemplary first frame includes the following fields: frame control, duration, receive address, transmit address, frame body (frame body), and frame check sequence. The frame body further includes fields such as a multi-link element (multi-link element). Wherein the multilink element further comprises the following fields: element ID, length, element ID extension (element ID extension), multi-link control (multi-link control), public information (common information), and user information (user information). The common information further includes fields such as an enhanced multi-link single radio delay (EMLSR delay) and/or an enhanced multi-link multi-radio delay (EMLMR delay). The indication information may be carried in the EMLSR delay and/or EMLMR delay fields.

The plurality of indication information may also be carried in other fields than EMLSR delay and/or EMLMR delay if the first frame comprises the plurality of indication information.

S103, the first AP determines the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame according to the indication information.

The first AP receives the first frame and analyzes the indication information from the first frame. The length of time occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame may be determined according to the indication information.

In one implementation, the first frame includes indication information for indicating a duration occupied by a padding bit in the initial control frame required to satisfy the channel switching delay. The first AP may determine the duration of the padding bits indicated by the indication information according to a pre-stored relationship between the duration of one or more padding bits shown in table 1 and the indication information. For example, if the indication information is the second value, the first AP may determine, according to table 1, that the maximum value of the duration occupied by the padding bit indicated by the indication information is 32us.

In still another implementation of the foregoing, the first frame includes a plurality of indication information, where each of the plurality of indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit of the initial control frame corresponding to a transmission rate of the initial control frame. The first AP receives the plurality of indication information and may determine the duration of the padding bits according to a rate of the initial control frame to be transmitted. For example, assuming that the rate of the initial control frame actually adopted by the first AP is 12Mbps, it may be determined that the maximum value of the duration occupied by the padding bit corresponding to such rate is 64us.

Further, after determining the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame, the first AP may fill the corresponding bits in the initial control frame and send the initial control frame.

Further, after the first STA receives the initial control frame sent at the maximum rate and replies a second inter-frame interval after the control response frame, it has the capability of receiving the data frame at the second number of transmission channels; alternatively, the first STA must have the ability to communicate with the second number of transmission channels at the SIFS time after replying to the control response frame after receiving the initial control frame transmitted at an arbitrary rate.

Because the duration occupied by the filling bit is determined according to the duration of the control response frame, the first AP can switch the number of transmission channels before the arrival of the subsequent data frame no matter what rate is adopted when the first AP sends the initial control frame.

Further, the first STA, after receiving the data frame, transmits an acknowledgement frame (ACK)/block acknowledgement frame (block-ACK) to the first AP. After the first STA determines that the transmission opportunity (transmission opportunity, TXOP) on link 1 is over, the second STA may switch the transmission module back to resume transmission capabilities.

According to the information indication method provided by the embodiment of the application, the non-AP STA generates a first frame, wherein the first frame comprises indication information for indicating the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame required by meeting the channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bit is determined according to the duration of the control response frame and/or the maximum rate of the initial control frame; the non-AP STA transmits the first frame. The AP receives the first frame, and the first AP determines the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame according to the indication information. Therefore, the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame can be accurately determined, so that the first STA can complete switching of a corresponding number of transmission channels before the arrival of the subsequent data frame.

As shown in fig. 9, a flowchart of another information indication method according to an embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:

s201, a first STA generates a first frame.

Wherein the first frame includes first indication information.

In one implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate a first delay required for the number of transmission channels of the first STA to switch from the first value to the second value. For example, in fig. 1, the first channel number is 1, the second channel number is 2, and the first indication information is used to indicate the time delay required for switching the transmission channel number from 1 to 2. The first delay may be a value preset in the first STA when the first STA leaves the factory.

The correspondence of one or more handover delays to the first indication information may be predefined. The correspondence may be as shown in table 1 or table 2 above. For example, if the delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the first STA from the first value to the second value is 32us, the corresponding first indication information takes the second value; the delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the first STA from the first value to the second value is 64us, and the corresponding first indication information takes a third value, and so on.

The first STA generates a first frame including first indication information. Specifically, the format of the first frame may be as shown in fig. 8, and the first indication information may be carried in the EMLSR delay and/or EMLMR delay fields.

In another implementation, the first frame includes first indication information and second indication information. The first indication information is used for indicating a first time delay required by the number of transmission channels of the first STA to switch from the first value to the second value. The second indication information is used for indicating a second delay required by switching the number of transmission channels from the second number of channels to the first number of channels, that is, a delay required by switching back to the first number of channels after the first STA receives the data frame.

In yet another implementation, the first frame includes third indication information. The third indication information is used for indicating the larger value of the first delay and the second delay, namely max { the first delay, the second delay }.

S202, the first STA transmits a first frame. Accordingly, the first AP receives the first frame.

The first AP receives the first frame and parses the field in the first frame to obtain a first delay.

S203, the first AP determines the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame, wherein the time length occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame is determined according to the first time delay.

After the first AP obtains the first indication information, the first AP may determine the duration occupied by the padding bit according to the first delay.

Specifically, if the initial control frame is an MU-RTS frame, determining the duration occupied by the padding bits includes:

the length occupied by the padding bits = the length of the first delay-2 x sifs-control response frame.

Wherein the duration of the control response frame is determined based on the rate of the control response frame. The rate of the control response frame is determined based on the rate of the initial control frame and the BSSBasicRateSet parameter. Specifically, the rate of the control response frame is the maximum rate in bssbasiclateset that is less than or equal to the rate of the initial control frame. I.e., min { the rate of the initial control frame, the maximum rate in the BSSBasicRateSet parameter }.

After determining the rate of the control response frame, the duration of the control response frame is the duration required to transmit the control response frame at the rate of the control response frame.

As shown in the schematic diagram of the relationship between the duration of the padding bit and the processing delay of the trigger frame in fig. 10, if the initial control frame is a BSRP frame, the duration of the padding bit is determined, and the sum of the duration of the padding bit and the first frame interval should be greater than the processing delay of the trigger frame (here, the initial control frame). The duration occupied by the padding bit = max { the processing delay of the trigger frame, the switching delay-2 x sifs-the duration of the control response frame }.

Further, the first STA, after receiving the data frame, transmits an acknowledgement frame (ACK)/block acknowledgement frame (block-ACK) to the first AP. After the first STA determines that the transmission opportunity on the link 1 is ended, the second STA may switch the transmission module back to recover the transmission capability. After the second delay is over, the second AP sends a frame, e.g., an initial control frame, to the second STA over link 2 to initiate the next transmission. Or conversely, the second AP cannot transmit frames to the second STA over link 2 until the second delay has ended.

According to the information indication method provided by the embodiment of the application, the first STA generates the first frame, the first frame comprises indication information, the indication information is used for indicating the time delay required by switching the number of transmission channels of the first STA from the first value to the second value, and the first frame is sent; the first AP receives the first frame, and can accurately determine the duration occupied by the filling bit in the initial control frame, so that the first STA can complete switching of a corresponding number of transmission channels before the arrival of the subsequent data frame.

Returning to the problems set forth in the background art of the present application, the embodiment of the present application also provides another method and apparatus for determining the duration of the padding bits.

First, two types of initial control frames are introduced.

When the initial control frame transmitted by the AP in the AP MLD or the AP in the AP MLD is a second initial control frame, for example, MU-RTS, the STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD replies with a CTS frame, and transmits the CTS frame using the non-HT or non-HT duplex format, and the CTS frame using the two formats does not require the STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD to complete the switching of the channel number, i.e., the STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD can switch the channel number with the time of transmitting the control response frame (here, the CTS frame).

When the initial control frame is a first initial control frame, for example, a Trigger frame, the STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD replies to the HE TB PPDU or the EHT TB PPDU, and the transmitting of PPDUs in the two formats has a high requirement on capability, and the STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD needs to complete switching of the channel number before transmitting the control response frame (here, the HE TB PPDU or the EHT TB PPDU). It can be seen that when the initial control frames are different (or, in other words, when the frame formats of the control response frames are different), the required duration of the padding bits of the initial control frames are also different. In one implementation, the first initial control frame is a BSRP Trigger frame.

To this end, an embodiment of the present application proposes a method for determining a fill bit duration, including:

the method comprises the following steps:

s1001, the non-AP MLD, or the STA in the non-AP MLD reports a first duration, where the first duration is a filler bit duration that needs to be added in the first initial control frame (or the first duration is a larger value or a smaller value in the duration of the filler bit that needs to be added in the first initial control frame and the duration of the filler bit that needs to be added in the second initial control frame).

S1002, if the AP in the AP MLD or the AP MLD sends a first initial control frame to the non-AP MLD or the STA in the non-AP MLD, filling bits are added in the first initial control frame, and the duration of the filling bits is the first duration reported in S1001.

S1003, if the AP in the AP MLD or the AP MLD sends a second initial control frame to the non-AP MLD or the STA in the non-AP MLD, filling bits are added in the second initial control frame, the duration of the filling bits is a second duration, and the second duration is determined according to the first duration. For example, the second time period is the first time period minus (or plus) a fixed time period, for example, the fixed time period may be 60us, or the fixed time period may be another value specified by a standard, or the fixed time period may be a time period in which a STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD transmits to an AP in the AP MLD or the AP MLD.

In the method, or the first duration is the duration of a filling bit which is required to be added in an initial control frame when the STA in the non-AP MLD replies to the first frame format; the second duration is a length of padding bits that are required to be added in the initial control frame when the non-AP MLD or STAs in the non-AP MLD reply to the second frame format.

The second frame format may be a non-HT format or a non-HT duplicate format.

The first frame format may be an HE TB format or an EHT TB format.

The second method is as follows:

s2001, non-AP MLD or STA in non-AP MLD reports a first time length and a second time length, wherein the first time length is a filling bit time length required to be added by a first initial control frame, and the second time length is a filling bit time length required to be added by a second initial control frame.

S2002, if the AP in the AP MLD or the AP MLD sends a first initial control frame to the non-AP MLD or the STA in the non-AP MLD, filling bits are added in the first initial control frame, and the duration of the filling bits is the first duration reported in S2001.

And S2003, if the AP in the AP MLD or the AP MLD transmits a second initial control frame to the non-AP MLD or the STA in the non-AP MLD, filling bits are added in the second initial control frame, and the duration of the filling bits is the second duration reported in the S2001.

And a third method:

s3001, reporting switching time delay by the STA in the non-AP MLD or the non-AP MLD, wherein the switching time delay is required by the STA to switch from the first channel number to the second channel number.

S3002, AP MLD, or AP in AP MLD determines the length of the padding bits to be added in the initial control frame according to the type of the initial control frame.

S3003, the AP in the AP MLD or the AP MLD transmits an initial control frame to the non-AP MLD or the STA in the non-AP MLD, and the length of the padding bit added in the initial control frame is determined as in S3002.

One possible implementation of S3002 includes:

if the first initial control frame is the first initial control frame, the duration of the filling bit=switching delay-16 us;

if the second initial control frame is the second initial control frame, the duration of the filling bit = switching delay-76 us;

the first initial control frame may be a BSRP Trigger frame; the second initial control frame may be a MU-RTS frame.

Alternatively, S3002 may also be replaced with: the AP MLD or the AP in the AP MLD determines the length of the padding bits to be added in the initial control frame according to the frame format of the control response frame that the STA expects to reply. If the AP sends the first frame format to the STA, the duration of the padding bit = switching delay-76 us; if the AP sends the second frame format to the STA, the duration of the padding bit = handoff delay-16 us. The first frame format may be a non-HT format or a non-HT duplicate format; the second frame format may be an HE TB format or an EHT TB format.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the application also provides a device capable of realizing the method, and the device is used for realizing any one of the methods. The device may have a variety of product forms, and specific product forms may be referred to herein below in relation to the type of the application, and will not be described in detail.

While the foregoing describes a method provided by an embodiment of the present application, it will be understood that, in order to implement the method, a communication device (such as an AP, a non-AP STA, an AP MLD, or a non-AP MLD) includes a corresponding hardware structure and/or a software module for executing the method, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the present application can be implemented in hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

The communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application may perform the division of the functional modules according to the above method, for example, the functional modules corresponding to each step in the method may also be two or more steps may be integrated into one functional module. The functional modules can be realized by adopting hardware, software and combination of hardware. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the division of the functional modules is schematic, which is merely a logic function division, and other division manners may be adopted in actual implementation. The following description will take, as an example, a functional module corresponding to each step:

A schematic diagram of one possible configuration of a communication device is shown in fig. 11. The communication device 1000 comprises a processing unit 11 and a transceiver unit 12.

In one embodiment, the communication device may be a non-AP MLD or a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD. The processing unit 11 is configured to generate a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit in an initial control frame required to satisfy a channel switching delay, and the duration occupied by the padding bit is determined according to a duration of a control response frame; and the transceiver unit 12 is configured to transmit the first frame.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 is further configured to determine a duration of the control response frame.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 is further configured to determine a minimum value of a duration of the control response frame.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 is further configured to determine a rate of the control response frame; and determining the duration of the control response frame according to the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 is further configured to determine a maximum value of the rate of the control response frame; and determining a minimum value of the duration of the control response frame according to the maximum value of the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

In yet another embodiment, the communication device may be an AP MLD or an AP in an AP MLD. The transceiver unit 12 is configured to receive a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is configured to indicate a duration occupied by a filling bit in an initial control frame required to satisfy a channel switching delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bit is determined according to a duration of a control response frame; and the processing unit 11 is configured to determine, according to the indication information, a duration occupied by a padding bit in the initial control frame.

Optionally, the first frame includes a plurality of indication information, where each indication information in the plurality of indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit of an initial control frame corresponding to a sending rate of the initial control frame; the processing unit 11 is further configured to determine, according to the first frame, a duration occupied by a padding bit in the initial control frame corresponding to the transmission rate of the initial control frame.

In yet another embodiment, the communication device may be a non-AP MLD or a non-AP STA in a non-AP MLD. The processing unit 11 is configured to generate a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a time delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the station from the first value to the second value; and a transceiver unit 12 for transmitting the first frame.

In yet another embodiment, the communication device may be an AP MLD or an AP in an AP MLD. The transceiver unit 12 is configured to receive a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a time delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the station from a first value to a second value; and the processing unit 11 is configured to determine a duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame, where the duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame is determined according to the time delay.

A schematic diagram of one possible configuration of a communication device is shown in fig. 12. The communication device 2000 may be a non-AP MLD, the communication device 2000 comprising a first STA and a processing unit 22. The communication device 2000 may also include more non-AP STAs. Wherein the first STA comprises a transceiving unit 21.

In one embodiment, the processing unit 22 in the non-AP MLD is configured to generate a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit in an initial control frame required to satisfy a channel switching delay, where the duration occupied by the padding bit is determined according to a duration of a control response frame, and transmit the first frame to the transceiver unit 21 of the first STA; and the transceiver unit 21 is configured to transmit the first frame.

In yet another embodiment, the processing unit 22 in the non-AP MLD is configured to generate a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a delay required for the number of transmission channels of the station to switch from the first value to the second value, and transmit the first frame to the transceiver unit 21 of the first STA; and the transceiver unit 21 is configured to transmit the first frame.

A schematic diagram of one possible configuration of a communication device is shown in fig. 13. The communication device 3000 may be an AP MLD, the communication device 3000 comprising a first AP and a processing unit 32. Wherein the first AP comprises a transceiver unit 31. The communication device 3000 may also include more APs.

In one embodiment, the transceiver unit 31 is configured to receive a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a duration occupied by a padding bit in an initial control frame required to satisfy a channel switching delay, and the duration occupied by the padding bit is determined according to a duration of a control response frame; and the transceiver unit 31 is further configured to transmit the first frame to the AP MLD, so that the processing unit 32 in the AP MLD determines, according to the indication information, a duration occupied by the padding bits in the initial control frame.

In yet another embodiment, the transceiver unit 31 is configured to receive a first frame, where the first frame includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a time delay required for switching the number of transmission channels of the station from the first value to the second value; and the transceiver unit 31 is further configured to transmit the first frame to the AP MLD, so that the processing unit 32 in the AP MLD determines a duration occupied by a padding bit in the initial control frame, where the duration occupied by the padding bit in the initial control frame is determined according to the time delay.

Illustratively, when the transmitting end is in the structure shown in fig. 12, the receiving end may be in the structure shown in fig. 11 or fig. 13, respectively; when the receiving end has the structure shown in fig. 13, the transmitting end may have the structure shown in fig. 11 or fig. 12, accordingly.

Fig. 14 is a block diagram of a possible product form of the communication device according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing the implementation of the communication apparatus shown in fig. 11.

As a possible product form, the communication means may be an information transmission device/information transmission board. The communication device includes a processor and a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a memory. The processor is adapted to perform the method steps performed by the processing unit 11 in fig. 11. The transceiver is configured to perform the method steps performed by the transceiver unit 12 of fig. 11.

As yet another possible product form, the communication device may be a chip. The communication device includes a processing circuit and a communication interface. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a storage medium. The processing circuitry is arranged to perform the method steps performed by the processing unit 11 of fig. 11. The communication interface is used to perform the method steps performed by the transceiver unit 12 in fig. 11.

Fig. 15 is a block diagram of a possible product form of the communication device according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the implementation of the communication device shown in fig. 12 or 13.

As a possible product form, the communication means may be an information transmission device/information transmission board. The communication device includes a processor and a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a memory. The processor is configured to perform the method steps performed by the processing unit 22 of fig. 12, and the transceiver is configured to perform the method steps performed by the transceiver unit 21 of fig. 12; or the processor is adapted to perform the method steps performed by the processing unit 32 in fig. 13, and the transceiver is adapted to perform the method steps performed by the transceiver unit 31 in fig. 13.

As yet another possible product form, the communication device may be a chip. The communication device includes a processing circuit and a communication interface. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a storage medium. The processing circuit is configured to perform the method steps performed by the processing unit 22 in fig. 12, and the communication interface is configured to perform the method steps performed by the transceiver unit 21 in fig. 12; or the processing circuitry is adapted to perform the method steps performed by the processing unit 32 in fig. 13, and the communication interface is adapted to perform the method steps performed by the transceiving unit 31 in fig. 13.

As yet another possible product form of the above embodiment, the communication device may also be implemented using the following: one or more field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate array, FPGA), programmable logic devices (programmble logic device, PLD), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuit or circuits capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.

The processor may be a central processing unit, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or perform the various exemplary logic blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with this disclosure. The processor may also be a combination that performs the function of a computation, e.g., a combination comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and so forth. The bus may be a peripheral component interconnect standard (peripheral component interconnect, PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (extended industry standard architecture, EISA) bus, or the like. The buses may be classified as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in fig. 14 or 15, but not only one bus or one type of bus.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions, where the program instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the program instructions, when executed, perform steps comprising the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.

In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where computer-executable instructions are stored, where a device (may be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, a controller, etc.) or a processor executes steps in the service indication method provided by the present application.

In one aspect, embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the at least one processor of the device may read the computer-executable instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, the at least one processor executing the computer-executable instructions causing the device to perform steps in the traffic indication method provided by the present application.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the division of the unit is merely a logic function division, and there may be another division manner when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. The coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the application, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted across a computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), or a random-access memory (random access memory, RAM), or a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, a magnetic disk, or an optical medium, such as a digital versatile disk (digital versatile disc, DVD), or a semiconductor medium, such as a Solid State Disk (SSD), or the like.

Claims

1. An information indicating method, the method comprising:

generating a first frame, wherein the first frame comprises indication information, the indication information is used for indicating the duration occupied by filling bits in an initial control frame required by meeting channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bits is determined according to the duration of a control response frame;

and sending the first frame.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication information is carried in an enhanced multi-link multi-radio delay field of the first frame.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and determining the duration of the control response frame.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the duration of the control response frame comprises:

determining a rate of the control response frame;

and determining the duration of the control response frame according to the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the maximum rate of the control response frame is a maximum rate in a basic service set basic rate set that is less than or equal to the maximum rate of the initial control frame.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the maximum rate of the initial control frame is 24Mbps, and the maximum rate of the control response frame is a smaller value between 24Mbps and the maximum rate in the basic service set basic rate set.

7. The method of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the length of the padding bits is associated with a handoff delay, a first inter-frame spacing between the initial control frame and the control response frame, a second inter-frame spacing between the control response frame and a data frame, and a length of the control response frame.

8. The method according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the length of the padding bits is based on the length of the padding bits required when the initial control frame is transmitted at a maximum rate.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the length of time occupied by the padding bits is determined according to a minimum value of the length of time of the control response frame.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first frame is a CTS frame, and wherein the CTS frame is in a non-HT format.

11. A communication device, the device comprising:

the processing unit is used for generating a first frame, the first frame comprises indication information, the indication information is used for indicating the duration occupied by filling bits in an initial control frame required by meeting channel switching time delay, and the duration occupied by the filling bits is determined according to the duration of a control response frame;

and the receiving and transmitting unit is used for transmitting the first frame.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the indication information is carried in an enhanced multi-link multi-radio delay field of the first frame.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the processing unit is further configured to determine a duration of the control response frame.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein:

the processing unit is further configured to determine a rate of the control response frame;

the processing unit is further configured to determine a duration of the control response frame according to the rate of the control response frame and the length of the control response frame.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the maximum rate of the control response frame is a maximum rate in a basic service set basic rate set that is less than or equal to the maximum rate of the initial control frame.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the maximum rate of the initial control frame is 24Mbps, and the maximum rate of the control response frame is a smaller value between 24Mbps and the maximum rate in the basic service set basic rate set.

17. The apparatus of any of claims 11 to 16, wherein the length of time occupied by the padding bits is associated with a handoff delay, a first inter-frame spacing between the initial control frame and the control response frame, a second inter-frame spacing between the control response frame and a data frame, and a length of time of the control response frame.

18. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 17, wherein the length of the padding bits is based on the length of the padding bits required when the initial control frame is transmitted at a maximum rate.

19. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 18, wherein the length of time occupied by the padding bits is determined according to a minimum value of the length of time of a control response frame.

20. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 19, wherein the first frame is a CTS frame, and wherein the CTS frame is in a non-HT format.

21. A communication device comprising means for performing the method of any of claims 1 to 10.

22. A communication apparatus, comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program or instructions;

a processor for executing the computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

23. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium has stored therein a computer program or instructions which, when executed by a communication device, implement the method of any of claims 1 to 10.

24. A chip system includes

A memory for storing a computer program or instructions;

a processor for executing the computer program or instructions to cause a communication device comprising the chip system to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.