CN116734990A - Box-type substation sound source characteristic test and sound source model building method and system - Google Patents
Box-type substation sound source characteristic test and sound source model building method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method and a system for testing sound source characteristics and establishing a sound source model of a box-type substation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: dividing the box-type transformer substation into different sound source surfaces according to the structure of the box-type transformer substation; carrying out sound pressure measurement on each sound source surface, and calculating to obtain the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point; according to the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point, establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source; and judging which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point position together, respectively calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position, and superposing the sound pressure level at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of noise control, in particular to a method and a system for testing sound source characteristics of a box-type substation and establishing a sound source model.
Background
Due to the continuous expansion of urban scale and the shortage of land resources, population living is more and more dense, electricity load is continuously increased, urban network area substations have to go deep into load centers such as urban centers and residential communities, and urban planning and land limitation are carried out, so that power supply distribution facilities are often arranged near residential buildings, low-frequency noise generated by operation of the power supply distribution facilities can be transmitted to residential rooms through air attenuation with short distance, particularly during the period of electricity consumption peak in summer, the noise generated by a transformer is very large under the conditions of heavy load and continuous high temperature, the continuous time is long, and the risk of overscaling at night is large. Along with the enhancement of people's environmental awareness and right-of-way awareness and the perfection of environmental regulations, people's requirements on living environment and quality of life are gradually improved, the problem of disputes and complaints of residents related to box-type transformer substation noise is increasingly highlighted, and the generated contradictions are also increasingly aggravated.
Noise of the box-type transformer substation mainly originates from a transformer, noise of the distribution transformer is mainly generated by vibration caused by magnetostriction of an iron core and electrodynamic force of a winding, fundamental frequency of the noise is 100Hz, low frequency below 500Hz is mainly used, attenuation is slow, propagation distance is long, and control difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the application, the application provides a method and a system for testing the sound source characteristics of a box-type transformer substation and establishing a sound source model, which are used for solving the technical problems that the noise of a distribution transformer is mainly generated by the magnetostriction of an iron core and the vibration caused by winding electrodynamic force, the fundamental frequency of the noise is 100Hz, the low frequency below 500Hz is mainly used, the attenuation is slow, the propagation distance is far, and the control difficulty is high.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for testing sound source characteristics and establishing a sound source model of a box-type substation, including:
dividing the box-type transformer substation into different sound source surfaces according to the structure of the box-type transformer substation;
carrying out sound pressure measurement on each sound source surface, and calculating to obtain the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point;
according to the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point, establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source;
and judging which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point position together, respectively calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position, and superposing the sound pressure level at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point.
Optionally, the box-type substation is divided into different sound source planes according to the structure of the box-type substation, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of dividing a box-type substation shell, wherein the side surfaces without ventilation openings are respectively used as a sound source surface, the side surfaces with ventilation openings are divided according to the positions of the ventilation openings, the ventilation openings are used as the independent sound source surfaces, and the other positions are divided according to symmetry.
Optionally, sound pressure measurement is performed on each sound source surface, so as to calculate and obtain a total weight A sound pressure level at each measuring point, including:
measuring each divided sound source surface, wherein measuring points are set to be positions which are at a preset distance from the surface of the box transformer substation, a preset number of measuring points are least arranged on each divided sound source surface, the intervals are not larger than a preset length, the positions of the measuring points are distributed evenly, the noise sound pressure level of a preset octave frequency band at each measuring point is measured, the measuring time of each measuring point is not less than a preset time, and the total A metering weight sound pressure level at each measuring point is calculated according to an acoustic energy superposition formula.
Optionally, establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source according to the total a weight sound pressure level at each measuring point includes:
the total A weight sound power level comprises a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point and an additional sound pressure level of the measured surface area;
and calculating a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point according to the following formula:
wherein L is IA For the noise sound pressure level composite value of each measuring point, L IAi The sound pressure level of the weight A of the ith measuring point is calculated, and M is the number of the measuring points;
calculating the total sound power level of each equivalent point sound source according to the following formula
The surface area is measured according to s= (h+d) ×l m Calculating h, l m Respectively the height and width of the divided sound source surface, d is the distance between the measuring point and the sound source surface, S 0 As a referenceReference area.
Optionally, determining which equivalent point sound sources generate noise at the predicted point position together, calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position, and superposing the sound pressure levels at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point, including:
determining the position of a predicted point, and judging which equivalent point sound sources jointly generate noise at the position of the predicted point according to the following judgment basis: assuming that the direction of outward radiation noise of each sound source is the positive direction of the plane, the equivalent point sound source only affects the noise value of the field point within 180 degrees of the positive direction of the original plane equivalent to the equivalent point sound source, and the predicted points in different position areas are calculated separately;
the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the position of the predicted point is calculated respectively, noise is overlapped according to an energy overlapping method, and the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point is obtained, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:L pi the sound wave is transmitted to the noise level at the measuring point for the ith point sound source.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a system for testing sound source characteristics and building a sound source model of a box-type substation, including:
the substation structure dividing module is used for dividing the substation structure into different sound source surfaces according to the box-type substation structure;
the total A weight calculating sound pressure level calculating module is used for measuring the sound pressure of each sound source surface and calculating to obtain the total A weight calculating sound pressure level at each measuring point;
the total A weight sound power level calculating module is used for establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source according to the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point;
and the total noise sound pressure level module is used for judging which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point position together, calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position respectively, and superposing the sound pressure levels at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point.
Optionally, dividing the substation structural module includes:
the substation structure dividing submodule is used for dividing a box-type substation shell, wherein the side surfaces without ventilation openings are respectively used as a sound source surface, the side surfaces with ventilation openings are divided according to the positions of the ventilation openings, the ventilation openings are used as independent sound source surfaces, and the other positions are divided according to symmetry.
Optionally, the calculating the total a weight sound pressure level module includes:
the total A weight sound pressure level calculating sub-module is used for measuring each divided sound source surface, measuring points are arranged at positions which are at a preset distance from the surface of the box transformer substation, a preset number of measuring points are least arranged on each divided sound source surface, the intervals are not larger than a preset length, the positions of the measuring points are evenly distributed, the noise sound pressure level of a preset octave band at each measuring point is measured, the measuring time of each measuring point is not smaller than a preset time, and the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point is calculated according to an acoustic energy superposition formula.
Optionally, calculating the total a-weighted sound power level module includes:
the total A weight sound power level comprises a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point and an additional sound pressure level of the measured surface area;
the sub-module for calculating the noise sound pressure level synthesis value is used for calculating the noise sound pressure level synthesis value of each measuring point according to the following formula:
wherein L is IA For the noise sound pressure level composite value of each measuring point, L IAi The sound pressure level of the weight A of the ith measuring point is calculated, and M is the number of the measuring points;
a sub-module for calculating the total sound power level of the equivalent point sound source, which is used for calculating the total sound power level of each equivalent point sound source according to the following formula,
the surface area is measured according to s= (h+d) ×l m Calculating h, l m Respectively the height and width of the divided sound source surface, d is the distance between the measuring point and the sound source surface, S 0 Is the baseline reference area.
Optionally, the obtaining the total noise sound pressure level size module includes:
the equivalent point sound source judging sub-module is used for determining the position of the predicted point, judging which equivalent point sound sources jointly generate noise at the position of the predicted point, and judging the basis is as follows: assuming that the direction of outward radiation noise of each sound source is the positive direction of the plane, the equivalent point sound source only affects the noise value of the field point within 180 degrees of the positive direction of the original plane equivalent to the equivalent point sound source, and the predicted points in different position areas are calculated separately;
the sub-module for obtaining the sound pressure level of the total noise is used for respectively calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the position of the predicted point, and the noise is superimposed according to an energy superposition method to obtain the sound pressure level of the total noise at the predicted point, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:L pi the sound wave is transmitted to the noise level at the measuring point for the ith point sound source.
Therefore, the method has the advantages that the required measurement data are few, the process is simple, noise at any point in the sound field emitted by the box-type transformer substation can be calculated, the size and the characteristics of the noise can be influenced by the ventilation opening in consideration of the asymmetry of the structure of the box-type transformer substation, different structures on each surface of the box-type transformer substation are respectively modeled, and the prediction precision is improved.
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Exemplary embodiments of the present application may be more completely understood in consideration of the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing sound source characteristics and establishing a sound source model of a box-type substation according to the embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side sound source division of a shell of a box-type substation according to the embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for testing sound source characteristics and establishing a sound source model of a box-type substation according to the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present application may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the examples described herein, which are provided to fully and completely disclose the present application and fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the application. In the drawings, like elements/components are referred to by like reference numerals.
Unless otherwise indicated, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, it will be understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method 100 for testing sound source characteristics and building a sound source model of a box-type substation, referring to fig. 1, the method 100 includes:
s101, dividing the box-type substation into different sound source surfaces according to the structure of the box-type substation;
s102, measuring sound pressure of each sound source surface, and calculating to obtain a total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point;
s103, establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source according to the total A weighting sound pressure level at each measuring point;
and S104, judging which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point position together, respectively calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position, and superposing the sound pressure level at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point.
Specifically, the method for testing the sound source characteristics of the box-type substation and establishing the sound source model comprises the following steps:
step one, referring to FIG. 2, the box-type substation is divided into different sound source groups according to the structure of the box-type substation
Because the ventilation openings are arranged on the shell of the box-type transformer substation, the noise of the transformer in the box-type transformer substation can be directly transmitted outwards through the ventilation openings, and if the box-type transformer substation is regarded as a sound source, deviation exists when the transmission attenuation distribution of the noise is calculated. Therefore, the box-type substation shell is divided, the side surface without the vent is taken as a sound source independently, the side surface with the vent is divided according to the position of the vent, the vent is taken as an independent sound source, and other positions are divided according to symmetry, wherein the upper part of the vent is generally divided into a sound source, and the left side and the right side of the vent are respectively provided with a sound source.
Step two, testing sound source characteristics of box-type substation
The method for measuring the sound pressure around the box-type substation comprises the following steps: each divided sound source surface is measured, sound pressure measuring points are set to be 0.3m away from the box-type transformer surface, at least 3 measuring points are arranged near each divided sound source surface, the interval is not more than 1m, and the measuring point positions are evenly distributed. And measuring the sound pressure level of 1/3 times of the frequency band noise at each measuring point, wherein the measuring time of each measuring point is not less than 5s, and calculating the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point according to an acoustic energy superposition formula.
Step three, sound source model establishment
Establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source, superposing sound pressure measuring point data near the sound source surface at the center of each side surface to obtain a total A weight sound power level, wherein the sound power level comprises two aspects, one is a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point in each group, and the noise sound pressure level synthesized value is obtained byCalculated, L IAi For the A weight sound pressure level of the ith measuring point, M is the number of measuring points, the other part is the additional sound pressure level considering the measured surface area, the measured surface area is calculated according to S= (h+d) lm, h, l m The height and the width of the divided sound source surface are respectively, and d is the distance between the measuring point and the sound source surface. Each of whichThe total sound power level of the sound source with equivalent points is +.>S 0 Is the reference area (1 m 2 ). The total A weight sound power level is the sound power level of the point sound source.
Step four, noise distribution attenuation calculation is carried out
Determining the position of a predicted point, and then judging which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point, wherein the judgment basis is as follows: assuming that the direction of outward radiation noise of each sound source is the positive direction of the plane, the equivalent point sound source only affects the noise value of the field point within 180 degrees of the positive direction of the original plane equivalent to the equivalent point sound source, and the prediction points in different position areas (different directions) are calculated separately. The sound pressure level of each point sound source at the predicted point is calculated respectively, noise is overlapped according to an energy overlapping method, and finally the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point can be obtained, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:L pi the sound wave is transmitted to the noise level at the measuring point for the ith point sound source.
Therefore, the method has the advantages that the required measurement data are few, the process is simple, noise at any point in the sound field emitted by the box-type transformer substation can be calculated, the size and the characteristics of the noise can be influenced by the ventilation opening in consideration of the asymmetry of the structure of the box-type transformer substation, different structures on each surface of the box-type transformer substation are respectively modeled, and the prediction precision is improved.
Optionally, the box-type substation is divided into different sound source planes according to the structure of the box-type substation, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of dividing a box-type substation shell, wherein the side surfaces without ventilation openings are respectively used as a sound source surface, the side surfaces with ventilation openings are divided according to the positions of the ventilation openings, the ventilation openings are used as the independent sound source surfaces, and the other positions are divided according to symmetry.
Optionally, sound pressure measurement is performed on each sound source surface, so as to calculate and obtain a total weight A sound pressure level at each measuring point, including:
measuring each divided sound source surface, wherein measuring points are set to be positions which are at a preset distance from the surface of the box transformer substation, a preset number of measuring points are least arranged on each divided sound source surface, the intervals are not larger than a preset length, the positions of the measuring points are distributed evenly, the noise sound pressure level of a preset octave frequency band at each measuring point is measured, the measuring time of each measuring point is not less than a preset time, and the total A metering weight sound pressure level at each measuring point is calculated according to an acoustic energy superposition formula.
Optionally, establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source according to the total a weight sound pressure level at each measuring point includes:
the total A weight sound power level comprises a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point and an additional sound pressure level of the measured surface area;
and calculating a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point according to the following formula:
wherein L is IA For the noise sound pressure level composite value of each measuring point, L IAi The sound pressure level of the weight A of the ith measuring point is calculated, and M is the number of the measuring points;
calculating the total sound power level of each equivalent point sound source according to the following formula
The surface area is measured according to s= (h+d) ×l m Calculating h, l m Respectively the height and width of the divided sound source surface, d is the distance between the measuring point and the sound source surface, S 0 Is the baseline reference area.
Optionally, determining which equivalent point sound sources generate noise at the predicted point position together, calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position, and superposing the sound pressure levels at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point, including:
determining the position of a predicted point, and judging which equivalent point sound sources jointly generate noise at the position of the predicted point according to the following judgment basis: assuming that the direction of outward radiation noise of each sound source is the positive direction of the plane, the equivalent point sound source only affects the noise value of the field point within 180 degrees of the positive direction of the original plane equivalent to the equivalent point sound source, and the predicted points in different position areas are calculated separately;
the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the position of the predicted point is calculated respectively, noise is overlapped according to an energy overlapping method, and the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point is obtained, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:L pi the sound wave is transmitted to the noise level at the measuring point for the ith point sound source.
Therefore, the method has the advantages that the required measurement data are few, the process is simple, noise at any point in the sound field emitted by the box-type transformer substation can be calculated, the size and the characteristics of the noise can be influenced by the ventilation opening in consideration of the asymmetry of the structure of the box-type transformer substation, different structures on each surface of the box-type transformer substation are respectively modeled, and the prediction precision is improved.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a system 300 for testing sound source characteristics and building a sound source model of a box-type substation, referring to fig. 3, the system 300 includes:
the division substation structure module 310 is used for dividing the box-type substation structure into different sound source surfaces according to the box-type substation structure;
the total a weight calculating sound pressure level module 320 is configured to measure the sound pressure of each sound source surface, and calculate a total a weight calculating sound pressure level at each measuring point;
a total a weight sound power level calculating module 330, configured to establish each divided sound source surface as a point sound source according to the total a weight sound pressure level at each measuring point;
the total noise sound pressure level module 340 is configured to determine which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point, calculate the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point, and superimpose the sound pressure level at the predicted point according to the energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point.
Optionally, dividing the substation structural module includes:
the substation structure dividing submodule is used for dividing a box-type substation shell, wherein the side surfaces without ventilation openings are respectively used as a sound source surface, the side surfaces with ventilation openings are divided according to the positions of the ventilation openings, the ventilation openings are used as independent sound source surfaces, and the other positions are divided according to symmetry.
Optionally, the calculating the total a weight sound pressure level module includes:
the total A weight sound pressure level calculating sub-module is used for measuring each divided sound source surface, measuring points are arranged at positions which are at a preset distance from the surface of the box transformer substation, a preset number of measuring points are least arranged on each divided sound source surface, the intervals are not larger than a preset length, the positions of the measuring points are evenly distributed, the noise sound pressure level of a preset octave band at each measuring point is measured, the measuring time of each measuring point is not smaller than a preset time, and the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point is calculated according to an acoustic energy superposition formula.
Optionally, calculating the total a-weighted sound power level module includes:
the total A weight sound power level comprises a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point and an additional sound pressure level of the measured surface area;
the sub-module for calculating the noise sound pressure level synthesis value is used for calculating the noise sound pressure level synthesis value of each measuring point according to the following formula:
wherein L is IA For the noise sound pressure level composite value of each measuring point, L IAi The sound pressure level of the weight A of the ith measuring point is calculated, and M is the number of the measuring points;
a sub-module for calculating the total sound power level of the equivalent point sound source, which is used for calculating the total sound power level of each equivalent point sound source according to the following formula,
the surface area is measured according to s= (h+d) ×l m Calculating h, l m Respectively the height and width of the divided sound source surface, d is the distance between the measuring point and the sound source surface, S 0 Is the baseline reference area.
Optionally, the obtaining the total noise sound pressure level size module includes:
the equivalent point sound source judging sub-module is used for determining the position of the predicted point, judging which equivalent point sound sources jointly generate noise at the position of the predicted point, and judging the basis is as follows: assuming that the direction of outward radiation noise of each sound source is the positive direction of the plane, the equivalent point sound source only affects the noise value of the field point within 180 degrees of the positive direction of the original plane equivalent to the equivalent point sound source, and the predicted points in different position areas are calculated separately;
the sub-module for obtaining the sound pressure level of the total noise is used for respectively calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the position of the predicted point, and the noise is superimposed according to an energy superposition method to obtain the sound pressure level of the total noise at the predicted point, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:L pi the sound wave is transmitted to the noise level at the measuring point for the ith point sound source.
The system 300 for testing the sound source characteristics of the box-type substation and establishing the sound source model according to the embodiment of the present application corresponds to the method 100 for testing the sound source characteristics of the box-type substation and establishing the sound source model according to another embodiment of the present application, and will not be described herein.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The scheme in the embodiment of the application can be realized by adopting various computer languages, such as object-oriented programming language Java, an transliteration script language JavaScript and the like.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing sound source characteristics of a box-type substation and establishing a sound source model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing the box-type transformer substation into different sound source surfaces according to the structure of the box-type transformer substation;
carrying out sound pressure measurement on each sound source surface, and calculating to obtain the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point;
according to the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point, establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source;
and judging which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point position together, respectively calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position, and superposing the sound pressure level at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is divided into different sound source planes according to the box-type substation structure, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of dividing a box-type substation shell, wherein the side surfaces without ventilation openings are respectively used as a sound source surface, the side surfaces with ventilation openings are divided according to the positions of the ventilation openings, the ventilation openings are used as the independent sound source surfaces, and the other positions are divided according to symmetry.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing sound pressure measurements on each sound source surface, calculating a total a-meter weight sound pressure level at each measurement point, comprises:
measuring each divided sound source surface, wherein measuring points are set to be positions which are at a preset distance from the surface of the box transformer substation, a preset number of measuring points are least arranged on each divided sound source surface, the intervals are not larger than a preset length, the positions of the measuring points are distributed evenly, the noise sound pressure level of a preset octave frequency band at each measuring point is measured, the measuring time of each measuring point is not less than a preset time, and the total A metering weight sound pressure level at each measuring point is calculated according to an acoustic energy superposition formula.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein establishing each partitioned sound source face as a point sound source based on the total a-weighted sound pressure level at each measurement point comprises:
the total A weight sound power level comprises a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point and an additional sound pressure level of the measured surface area;
and calculating a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point according to the following formula:
wherein L is IA For the noise sound pressure level composite value of each measuring point, L IAi The sound pressure level of the weight A of the ith measuring point is calculated, and M is the number of the measuring points;
calculating the total sound power level of each equivalent point sound source according to the following formula
The surface area is measured according to s= (h+d) ×l m Calculating h, l m Respectively the height and width of the divided sound source surface, d is the distance between the measuring point and the sound source surface, S 0 Is the baseline reference area.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining which equivalent point sound sources together generate noise at the predicted point location, respectively calculating a sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point location, and superimposing the sound pressure levels at the predicted point location according to an energy superimposing method to obtain a total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point location, comprises:
determining the position of a predicted point, and judging which equivalent point sound sources jointly generate noise at the position of the predicted point according to the following judgment basis: assuming that the direction of outward radiation noise of each sound source is the positive direction of the plane, the equivalent point sound source only affects the noise value of the field point within 180 degrees of the positive direction of the original plane equivalent to the equivalent point sound source, and the predicted points in different position areas are calculated separately;
the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the position of the predicted point is calculated respectively, noise is overlapped according to an energy overlapping method, and the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point is obtained, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:L pi the sound wave is transmitted to the noise level at the measuring point for the ith point sound source.
6. A box-type substation sound source characteristic test and sound source model establishment system is characterized by comprising:
the substation structure dividing module is used for dividing the substation structure into different sound source surfaces according to the box-type substation structure;
the total A weight calculating sound pressure level calculating module is used for measuring the sound pressure of each sound source surface and calculating to obtain the total A weight calculating sound pressure level at each measuring point;
the total A weight sound power level calculating module is used for establishing each divided sound source surface as a point sound source according to the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point;
and the total noise sound pressure level module is used for judging which equivalent point sound sources generate the noise at the predicted point position together, calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the predicted point position respectively, and superposing the sound pressure levels at the predicted point position according to an energy superposition method to obtain the total noise sound pressure level at the predicted point.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein dividing the substation structural modules comprises:
the substation structure dividing submodule is used for dividing a box-type substation shell, wherein the side surfaces without ventilation openings are respectively used as a sound source surface, the side surfaces with ventilation openings are divided according to the positions of the ventilation openings, the ventilation openings are used as independent sound source surfaces, and the other positions are divided according to symmetry.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein calculating the total a weight sound pressure level module comprises:
the total A weight sound pressure level calculating sub-module is used for measuring each divided sound source surface, measuring points are arranged at positions which are at a preset distance from the surface of the box transformer substation, a preset number of measuring points are least arranged on each divided sound source surface, the intervals are not larger than a preset length, the positions of the measuring points are evenly distributed, the noise sound pressure level of a preset octave band at each measuring point is measured, the measuring time of each measuring point is not smaller than a preset time, and the total A weight sound pressure level at each measuring point is calculated according to an acoustic energy superposition formula.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein calculating the total a-weighted sound power level module comprises:
the total A weight sound power level comprises a noise sound pressure level synthesized value of each measuring point and an additional sound pressure level of the measured surface area;
the sub-module for calculating the noise sound pressure level synthesis value is used for calculating the noise sound pressure level synthesis value of each measuring point according to the following formula:
wherein L is IA For the noise sound pressure level composite value of each measuring point, L IAi The sound pressure level of the weight A of the ith measuring point is calculated, and M is the number of the measuring points;
a sub-module for calculating the total sound power level of the equivalent point sound source, which is used for calculating the total sound power level of each equivalent point sound source according to the following formula,
the surface area is measured according to s= (h+d) ×l m Calculating h, l m Respectively the height and width of the divided sound source surface, d is the distance between the measuring point and the sound source surface, S 0 Is the baseline reference area.
10. The system of claim 6, wherein the means for deriving the total noise sound pressure level comprises:
the equivalent point sound source judging sub-module is used for determining the position of the predicted point, judging which equivalent point sound sources jointly generate noise at the position of the predicted point, and judging the basis is as follows: assuming that the direction of outward radiation noise of each sound source is the positive direction of the plane, the equivalent point sound source only affects the noise value of the field point within 180 degrees of the positive direction of the original plane equivalent to the equivalent point sound source, and the predicted points in different position areas are calculated separately;
the sub-module for obtaining the sound pressure level of the total noise is used for respectively calculating the sound pressure level of each equivalent point sound source at the position of the predicted point, and the noise is superimposed according to an energy superposition method to obtain the sound pressure level of the total noise at the predicted point, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:L pi the sound wave is transmitted to the noise level at the measuring point for the ith point sound source.
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