CN116733369A - Hole forming equipment for bored pile in narrow space of cavity and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Hole forming equipment for bored pile in narrow space of cavity and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116733369A CN116733369A CN202310684358.XA CN202310684358A CN116733369A CN 116733369 A CN116733369 A CN 116733369A CN 202310684358 A CN202310684358 A CN 202310684358A CN 116733369 A CN116733369 A CN 116733369A
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- lifting
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 277
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract 16
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- -1 wherein Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 208000010543 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
- E21B27/04—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits where the collecting or depositing means include helical conveying means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a hole forming device for a bored pile in a narrow space of a cavity and an operation method thereof. This small space bored concrete pile pore-forming equipment in hole room includes frame, hole end rig and arranges sediment section of thick bamboo, and hole end rig includes spiral and carries sediment mechanism, drill bit, ring bit actuating mechanism and direction feed mechanism, and the drill bit is including coaxial ring bit and the short spiral bit that sets up and the rotation opposite direction, and ring bit actuating mechanism and direction feed mechanism are gone up and the bottom is connected with the short spiral bit in order to drive its rotation to spiral carry sediment mechanism and ring bit fixed connection in order to drive its rotation, and spiral carries sediment mechanism and arranges sediment section of thick bamboo and all hangs in the frame below through the rope, and the slag notch that the spiral carried sediment mechanism is located arranges sediment section of thick bamboo top in order to arrange dregs in arranging sediment section of thick bamboo. The hole forming equipment for the bored pile in the narrow space of the grotto effectively solves the problem of mechanical hole forming construction of the bored pile in the narrow space environment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction, in particular to a hole forming device for a bored pile in a narrow space of a cavity and an operation method thereof.
Background
Bored piles are a foundation form widely adopted, and hole forming construction equipment is mature, but the existing pile foundation hole forming equipment is large in size, high in mast and heavy in equipment, and the existing pile foundation hole forming equipment is characterized in that the pile foundation hole forming equipment is co-existing. In the underground track traffic engineering, a PBA (column hole method) undermining method is adopted for construction, and a bored pile is required to be constructed in a space and a narrow pilot tunnel. In such narrow spaces, bored piles are constructed, and the existing large-size high-mast drilling equipment cannot operate in the hole. In order to solve the problem of pile forming in the holes, the existing solution is to abandon mechanical hole forming, and to use manual hole digging and other methods, so that the labor intensity is high, the construction efficiency is low, the pile forming quality is poor, the construction period is long, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a hole forming device for a bored pile in a small space of a cavity and an operation method thereof, and aims to facilitate construction and drilling in a small pilot tunnel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides a hole forming device for a bored pile in a small space of a cavity, which comprises a frame, a hole bottom drilling machine and a slag discharging barrel, wherein the hole bottom drilling machine comprises a spiral slag lifting mechanism, a drill bit, an annular drill bit driving mechanism and a guide feeding mechanism, the drill bit, the annular drill bit driving mechanism and the guide feeding mechanism are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the drill bit comprises an annular drill bit and a short spiral drill bit which are coaxially arranged and have opposite rotation directions, the spiral slag lifting mechanism is arranged on the annular drill bit driving mechanism and the guide feeding mechanism in a penetrating mode, the bottom end of the spiral slag lifting mechanism is connected with the short spiral drill bit to drive the short spiral drill bit to rotate, the annular drill bit driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the annular drill bit to drive the annular drill bit to rotate, the spiral slag lifting mechanism and the slag discharging barrel are hung below the frame through ropes, and a slag outlet of the spiral slag lifting mechanism is arranged above the slag discharging barrel to discharge slag into the slag discharging barrel.
Preferably, the spiral slag lifting mechanism comprises a slag lifting frame, a spiral slag lifting rod, a slag lifting driver connected with the top of the spiral slag lifting rod and a suspension shell for accommodating the slag lifting driver, wherein the spiral slag lifting rod is provided with spiral blades for transporting slag soil, the spiral slag lifting rod penetrates through the annular drill bit driving mechanism and the guide feeding mechanism and is accommodated in the slag lifting frame at the head part, the bottom end of the spiral slag lifting rod is fixedly connected with the short spiral drill bit for driving the short spiral drill bit to rotate, a slag hole is formed in the side wall of the slag lifting frame, the suspension shell is fixed above the slag lifting frame, and a lifting lug is further arranged above the suspension shell for being connected with a rope.
Preferably, the spiral slag lifting mechanism further comprises a suspension shell for accommodating a slag lifting driver, wherein the suspension shell is fixed above the slag lifting frame, and a lifting lug is further arranged above the suspension shell to be connected with the rope.
Preferably, the annular drill bit driving mechanism comprises a driving frame, a rotary table positioned at the bottom of the driving frame, a driving motor fixed above the driving frame and a rotary support for connecting an output shaft of the driving motor with the rotary table, wherein the bottom end of the rotary table is fixedly connected with the annular drill bit to drive the rotary table to rotate, and the driving frame is provided with a hollow channel for the spiral slag lifting mechanism to pass through.
Preferably, the guide feeding mechanism comprises a guide upright post, a supporting arm sleeved outside the guide upright post and capable of moving up and down relative to the guide upright post, and a plurality of supporting feet mounted on the supporting wall and capable of moving transversely relative to the supporting wall, wherein the supporting arm is supported and fixed on the hole wall by the cooperation of the supporting feet, and the guide upright post is provided with a hollow channel for the spiral slag lifting mechanism to pass through.
Preferably, the guiding feeding mechanism comprises a telescopic oil cylinder and a lifting oil cylinder, an output shaft of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the supporting legs to drive the supporting legs to transversely move, and two ends of the telescopic oil cylinder are respectively connected with the guiding upright posts and the supporting arms to drive the supporting walls to vertically move.
Preferably, the hole bottom drilling machine further comprises a hole bottom power station mechanism positioned above the guide feeding mechanism, wherein the hole bottom power station mechanism comprises a power frame for supporting the slag lifting frame and a hole bottom power driving control device accommodated in the power frame, and the hole bottom power driving control device is connected with the slag lifting driver, the telescopic oil cylinder and the lifting oil cylinder.
Preferably, the slag discharging cylinder comprises at least two split slag scooping cylinders and a connecting lock catch, wherein the at least two split slag scooping cylinders are spliced in sequence to form a circular slag scooping cylinder body, two adjacent split slag scooping cylinders are detachably connected through the connecting lock catch, and a slag filtering hole is formed in the bottom wall of the split slag scooping cylinder.
Preferably, the annular drill bit comprises an upper supporting ring, a lower supporting ring and a connecting rib column, wherein the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring are coaxially arranged, the connecting rib column is connected between the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring, a hollow muck cavity is formed inside the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring, and a plurality of rock breaking picks are arranged outside the connecting rib column, the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring.
The application further provides an operation method of the bored pile hole forming equipment based on the small-space cavity, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, placing a hole bottom drilling machine and a slag discharging barrel into a hole through a rope, and controlling a supporting arm to extend out to fix a guide feeding mechanism with a hole wall after the supporting arm is controlled to move to a bottom dead center;
s2, respectively controlling the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit to reversely rotate simultaneously through the annular drill bit driving mechanism and the spiral slag lifting rod so as to achieve dynamic balance, timely discharging slag soil in the tunneling process through the slag discharging barrel in the tunneling process, controlling the supporting arm to move upwards relative to the guide upright post in the tunneling process, and stopping the current tunneling process when the supporting arm moves to a top dead center;
and S3, controlling the supporting legs to retract, then adjusting the positioning position of the guiding feeding mechanism, repeating the step S2 until the depth of the designed hole is reached, and stopping tunneling operation.
Preferably, the step S2 specifically includes:
the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit are respectively controlled to reversely rotate through the annular drill bit driving mechanism and the spiral slag lifting rod, the rotating speeds of the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit are controlled through a dynamic balance adjustment technology so as to achieve zero external torque of the bottom hole drilling machine, the slag after cutting and crushing is concentrated in a slag cavity of the annular drill bit, and the slag is discharged into a slag discharging barrel through the spiral slag lifting mechanism;
when the slag in the slag discharging cylinder is full, the whole slag discharging cylinder at the bottom of the hole is lifted to the ground surface through the rope, the connecting lock catch is released, the slag is poured out after being split into split slag dragging cylinders, the slag discharging cylinder is assembled on the rope again, the slag discharging cylinder is placed at the bottom of the hole, and the slag discharging cylinder is automatically positioned below a slag outlet to finish single slag discharging;
and continuously controlling the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit to rotate so as to drive, controlling the supporting arm to move upwards relative to the guide upright post in the driving process, and stopping the current driving process when the supporting arm moves to the upper dead point.
The hole forming device for the bored pile in the narrow space of the cavity has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mechanical pore-forming construction of the bored pile in the small space of the cavity can be realized in a rope suspension hole bottom drilling machine mode, and the mechanical pore-forming construction problem of the bored pile in the small space environment is solved. The working height of the equipment can be controlled within three meters, so that the mechanical pore-forming requirement of the bored pile in the narrow space environment in a cavity such as a PBA (Poly-b-poly-b-a) undermining method is met, the manual labor intensity of the engineering is reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, the pile forming quality is high, the safety is strong, the construction period is short, the cost is low, and the blank of piling machinery in the low-clearance field is also made up;
2. according to the rock-soil tunneling method with the double drill bits, the external torque of the whole machine is zero by utilizing a dynamic balance technology with opposite rotation directions of the two drill bits, so that the problem that the rope suspension operation mode cannot provide drilling torque counter force can be effectively solved;
3. the slag discharging scheme of the hole bottom slag lifting and slag discharging cylinder is adopted, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by mud circulation slag discharging is avoided, and the mechanical hole forming construction difficulty in a narrow space of a cavity is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hole forming device for a bored pile in a small space of a cavity;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hole bottom drilling machine in hole forming equipment of a bored pile in a small space of a cavity;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a bottom drilling machine and a slag discharging cylinder in a hole forming device of a bored pile in a small space of a cavity;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hole bottom drilling machine and a slag discharging barrel in the hole forming equipment of the bored pile in the narrow space of the cavity;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the hole forming equipment for the bored pile in the narrow space of the cavity.
In the figure, a 1-hole bottom drilling machine, a 11-drill bit, a 111-short spiral drill bit, a 112-ring drill bit, a 12-ring drill bit driving mechanism, a 121-driving frame, a 122-turntable, a 123-slewing bearing, a 124-driving motor, a 13-guiding feeding mechanism, a 131-guiding upright post, a 132-supporting arm, a 133-lifting cylinder, a 134-supporting leg, a 135-telescopic cylinder, a 14-hole bottom power station mechanism, a 141-power frame, a 142-hole bottom power controller, a 15-spiral slag lifting mechanism, a 151-slag lifting frame, a 152-slag outlet, a 153-spiral slag lifting rod, a 154-slag lifting driver, a 155-suspension shell and 156-lifting lugs; 2-a slag discharging cylinder, 21-a split slag dragging cylinder and 22-a connecting lock catch; 3-a frame; 31-hanging support frames, 32-host hanging devices, slag cylinder lifting devices, 33-host hanging ropes and 34-slag cylinder lifting ropes.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The application provides a hole forming device for a bored pile in a narrow space of a cavity.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the preferred embodiment, a hole forming device for a bored pile in a small space of a cavity comprises a frame 3, a hole bottom drilling machine 1 and a slag discharging barrel 2, wherein the hole bottom drilling machine 1 comprises a spiral slag lifting mechanism 15, a drill bit 11, an annular drill bit driving mechanism 12 and a guide feeding mechanism 13 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the drill bit 11 comprises an annular drill bit 112 and a short spiral drill bit 111 which are coaxially arranged and have opposite rotation directions, the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15 penetrates through the annular drill bit driving mechanism 12 and the guide feeding mechanism 13, the bottom end of the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15 is connected with the short spiral drill bit 111 to drive the short spiral drill bit to rotate, the annular drill bit driving mechanism 12 is fixedly connected with the annular drill bit 112 to drive the annular drill bit 112 to rotate, the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15 and the slag discharging barrel 2 are suspended below the frame 3 through ropes, and a slag outlet 152 of the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15 is positioned above the slag discharging barrel 2 to discharge slag into the slag discharging barrel 2.
The coaxial double-bit structure formed by the annular bit 112 and the short spiral bit 111 rotates in opposite directions to break rock and soil for operation, and the external torque of the hole bottom drilling machine 1 can be zero through a dynamic balance technology, so that the problem that a rope suspension operation mode in the prior art cannot provide drilling torque counter force is solved.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3 in combination, the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15 includes a slag lifting frame 151, a spiral slag lifting rod 153 and a slag lifting driver 154 connected to the top of the spiral slag lifting rod 153, where the spiral slag lifting rod 153 has spiral blades to transport slag, the spiral slag lifting rod 153 penetrates through the annular drill driving mechanism 12 and the guiding feeding mechanism 13 and the head is accommodated in the slag lifting frame 151, the bottom end of the spiral slag lifting rod 153 is fixedly connected (can be connected by threads) with the short spiral drill 111 to drive the short spiral drill to rotate, and a slag outlet 152 is formed on the sidewall of the slag lifting frame 151.
Specifically, the slag lifting frame 151 is a cylindrical member having a taper in the outer surface. The inner diameter of the slag lifting frame 151 is in a matched relationship with the outer diameter of the spiral slag lifting rod 153, and is a slag lifting channel. The upper end of the spiral slag lifting rod 153 can be connected with the slag lifting driver 154 through a rotary supporting structure, so that the slag lifting driver 154 drives the spiral slag lifting rod 153 to rotate, and further drives the short spiral drill bit 111 to rotate and transport slag.
Further, the screw slag lifting mechanism 15 further includes a suspension housing 155 for accommodating the slag lifting driver 154, the suspension housing 155 is fixed above the slag lifting frame 151, and a lifting lug 156 is provided above the suspension housing 155 to be connected with a rope (main machine suspension rope 33) to bear the weight of the whole machine. The suspension housing 155 is wrapped outside the slag lifting driver 154, and the lower end thereof is fixedly connected with the upper end flange of the slag lifting frame 151.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3 in combination, the ring bit driving mechanism 12 includes a driving frame 121, a turntable 122 located at the bottom of the driving frame 121, a driving motor 124 fixed above the driving frame 121, and a rotary support 123 connecting the output shaft of the driving motor 124 and the turntable 122, wherein the bottom end of the turntable 122 is fixedly connected with the ring bit 112 to drive the ring bit to rotate, and the driving frame 121 is provided with a hollow channel for the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15 to pass through.
The turntable 122 is disposed at the lower end of the driving frame 121 through a rotation support 123, and the turntable 122 can rotate around a central shaft and can bear drilling pressure. A through hole is provided in the middle of the driving frame 121, and the diameter of the through hole is in a matching relationship with the outer diameter of the spiral slag lifting rod 153, so that the through hole is a slag lifting channel. The driving motor 124 is fixed on the driving frame 121, and can drive the turntable 122 to rotate through a gear transmission mechanism. The rotary table 122 is provided with a flange matched with the annular drill bit 112, the annular drill bit 112 is fixedly connected to the rotary table 122 through the flange, and the annular drill bit 112 is driven to rotationally cut and crush a rock-soil body under a certain drilling pressure.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3 in combination, the guiding and feeding mechanism 13 includes a guiding upright 131, a supporting arm 132 sleeved outside the guiding upright 131 and capable of moving up and down relative to the guiding upright 131, and a plurality of supporting legs 134 mounted on the supporting wall and capable of moving transversely relative to the supporting wall, the supporting arms 132 are supported and fixed on the hole wall by the supporting legs 134, and the guiding upright 131 is provided with a hollow channel for the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15 to pass through. The guide upright 131 is a cylindrical structure with a through hole in the middle, and the diameter of the through hole is matched with the outer diameter of the spiral slag lifting rod 153, so that the guide upright is a slag lifting channel. In this embodiment, the lower end of the guiding upright 131 is provided with a quick connection device and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the driving frame 121.
In this embodiment, the guide post 131 is slidably engaged with the support arm 132 by the following structure: the outside of the guide upright 131 is provided with a guide rail, and the inner hole in the center of the support arm 132 is provided with a guide rail groove to be matched with the guide rail, so that the sliding connection between the guide upright 131 and the support arm 132 is realized. The guide post 131 and the support arm 132 are stably slid by the cooperation of the guide rail groove and the guide rail.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the guide feeding mechanism 13 includes a telescopic cylinder 135 and a lifting cylinder 133, an output shaft of the telescopic cylinder 135 is connected with a support leg 134 to drive the lateral movement thereof, and both ends of the telescopic cylinder 135 are respectively connected with a guide column 131 and a support arm 132 to drive the vertical movement of the support wall. By providing the telescopic cylinder 135 and the lifting cylinder 133, automatic and accurate adjustment of the movement of the support foot 134 and the support arm 132 is achieved.
The two ends of the lifting cylinder 133 are respectively arranged on the lower end surface of the guide upright post 131 and the upper end surface of the supporting arm 132, and the supporting arm 132 can be controlled to move up and down along the axial direction of the guide upright post 131 but not rotate relatively through the lifting cylinder 133. The radial direction of support arm 132 is equipped with three horizontal landing leg at least in order to realize stable support direction stand 131, and every landing leg is equipped with the supporting legs 134 that only can radially stretch out and draw back, and flexible hydro-cylinder 135 sets up between landing leg arm and supporting legs 134, can control the supporting legs 134 radial through flexible hydro-cylinder 135 and carry out telescopic movement. The outer terminal surface of supporting legs 134 is equipped with the face, can make the support arm 132 effectively support through extension supporting legs 134 fix on the pore wall, simultaneously through the different flexible degree combination of a plurality of supporting legs 134, can adjust the support arm 132 at downthehole space gesture, and then through direction stand 131 with pore wall holding power transmission to the hole end rig 1 whole, realize boring pressurization and direction rectifying function.
Further, the hole bottom drilling machine 1 further comprises a hole bottom power station mechanism 14 located above the guide feeding mechanism 13, the hole bottom power station mechanism 14 comprising a power frame 141 for supporting the slag lifting frame 151 and a hole bottom power drive control device accommodated in the power frame 141. The downhole power drive control is coupled to the slag lifting drive 154, the telescoping cylinder 135 and the lift cylinder 133 to provide power and control.
Specifically, the hole bottom power driving control device comprises a hole bottom power controller 142 and a hydraulic motor, wherein the hole bottom power controller 142 is electrically connected with the slag lifting driver 154, the telescopic cylinder 135 and the lifting cylinder 133, and the hydraulic motor is connected with the slag lifting driver 154, the telescopic cylinder 135 and the lifting cylinder 133 through hydraulic pipelines so as to provide hydraulic power.
The power frame 141 is a sealed shell structure with a through hole in the middle, the diameter of the through hole is matched with the outer diameter of the spiral slag lifting rod 153, and the through hole is a slag lifting channel. The lower end of the power frame 141 is provided with a quick connecting device which is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the guide upright post 131. The hole bottom power controller 142 is arranged in the sealed inner cavity of the power frame 141 and provides power input and logic control functions for the annular drill bit driving mechanism 12, the guide feeding mechanism 13 and the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15.
Further, the drill 11, the ring bit driving mechanism 12, the guide feeding mechanism 13, and the downhole power station mechanism 14 are detachably connected. Through detachable connection between each mechanism, consequently, can assemble as required and function expansion, single mechanism light in weight, it is convenient to have enough to meet the need the transportation, is particularly suitable for narrow and small space or the complex operational environment of condition.
In this embodiment, the slag discharging cylinder 2 comprises at least two split slag scooping cylinders 21 and a connecting lock catch 22, wherein the at least two split slag scooping cylinders 21 are spliced in sequence to form a circular slag scooping cylinder body, two adjacent split slag scooping cylinders 21 are detachably connected through the connecting lock catch 22, and a slag filtering hole is formed in the bottom wall of the split slag scooping cylinder 21 so as to discharge water in slag soil. In this embodiment, two split slag scooping cylinders 21 are taken as an example to specifically describe, at this time, the two split slag scooping cylinders 21 are semi-ring U-shaped cylinders, and the two semi-ring U-shaped cylinders can be conveniently spliced and separated through a connecting lock catch 22.
Specifically, a connecting pin hole is formed in the side wall of the split slag dragging cylinder 21, the connecting lock catch 22 is a locking pin, and two pin shafts of the locking pin are respectively inserted into the connecting pin holes of the adjacent two split slag dragging cylinders 21 to fix the two split slag dragging cylinders. The split slag dragging cylinder 21 is also provided with a lifting lug to be connected with a slag cylinder lifting rope. The outer diameter of the slag dragging cylinder body is smaller than the diameter of the drilling hole, and the inner diameter of the slag dragging cylinder body is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer contour of a rope of equipment at the bottom of the hole or a barrier object in the middle of a drill rod.
The middle through hole wall of the slag discharging barrel body is in a cone shape consistent with the conicity of the outer surface of the slag lifting frame 151, and can be tightly sleeved with the root of the slag lifting frame 151, so that the slag discharging barrel body can be hung outside the slag lifting frame 151.
The frame 3 is used for suspending the hole bottom drilling machine 1 and the slag discharging barrel 2 and at least comprises a suspension support frame 31, a main machine suspension device and a slag discharging barrel lifting device. The suspension support frame 31 is arranged right above the pile hole, and is provided with a host suspension device and a slag discharge barrel lifting device, wherein the host suspension device suspends the hole bottom drilling machine 1 in the hole through a host suspension rope 33, and can control the hole bottom drilling machine 1 to lift up and down. The slag cylinder lifting device is respectively connected with two split slag dragging cylinders 21 through two slag cylinder lifting ropes 34, and lifts the slag cylinders 2 to and fro from the ground surface and the hole bottoms, so as to lift the slag soil to the ground surface cylinder by cylinder.
The drilling bored pile hole forming equipment in the narrow space of the grotto is different from the mode of adopting mud to circularly slag, using an auger to slag or using a rotary drill to circularly slag in the prior art, and firstly proposes to use a slag discharging barrel to be matched with a drilling machine for slag discharging (only manual excavation is performed at present to use the slag discharging barrel), and the slag discharging barrel is simple in structure, low in cost, high in efficiency, low in carbon and environment-friendly, good in effect, free of mud assistance, and fundamentally solves the problem that mud is inconvenient to circularly slag in the narrow space of the grotto and the like. The drilling and deslagging cylinder 2 convenient to open and close is adopted, so that a dry operation soil-discharging and deslagging process under the condition that a drill rod or a rope exists in the middle of a drilling hole is realized, broken rock tunneling at the bottom of the hole can be operated continuously, synchronous operation of tunneling and deslagging is realized, the traditional intermittent tunneling operation modes of lifting, drilling and deslagging of a rotary drilling bit are changed, and the drilling operation efficiency is greatly improved. The slag discharging cylinder 2 is beneficial to realizing automatic hole bottom slag loading and ground surface slag pouring, achieving the intelligent operation with little or no humanization and reducing the labor intensity.
Specifically, the ring bit 112 includes an upper support ring and a lower support ring that are coaxially disposed, and a connection rib post that connects between the upper support ring and the lower support ring, the inner portions of the upper support ring and the lower support ring form a hollow muck cavity, a plurality of rock-breaking picks are disposed outside the connection rib post, the upper support ring and the lower support ring, and the spiral slag lifting rod 153 is disposed inside the hollow channels of the upper support ring and the lower support ring in a penetrating manner.
In this embodiment, the ring bit 112 further includes a plurality of slag collecting plates disposed in the slag cavity and a support ring connected to the plurality of slag collecting plates, wherein an inner diameter of the support ring is larger than an outer diameter of the inner output shaft. By arranging the slag collecting plate, the crushed slag can be concentrated in the middle slag cavity. Thereby through setting up the structural stability that has improved album slag plate.
Further, a connecting flange is fixed on the top end face of the upper support ring so as to be fixedly connected with the outer output shaft.
Specifically, the short screw drill 111 includes a column for connecting with the screw slag lifting rod 153, a screw rib plate fixed on the outer side wall of the column, and a drill bit provided at the bottom of the column, and rock breaking picks are fixed on the outer side wall of the screw rib plate. The outer contour of the spiral rib plate is conical with big top and small bottom.
The drilling machine comprises the annular drill bit 112 and the short spiral drill bit 111 which are coaxially arranged, and the dynamic balance technology with the two drill bits 11 in opposite rotation directions is utilized to realize zero external torque of the whole machine, so that the problem that the rope suspension operation mode can not provide drilling torque counter force can be effectively solved.
Referring to fig. 5, the working process of the bored pile hole forming device in the narrow space of the cavity is as follows:
step one: the frame 3 puts the hole bottom drilling machine 1 into the hole through the main machine suspension rope 33, the empty slag discharging barrel is spliced and locked, the main machine suspension rope 33 is placed in the middle through hole of the slag discharging barrel, and the automatic lowering is positioned below the slag outlet 152 of the hole bottom drilling machine 1. The support arm 132 is moved to a bottom dead center (the bottom dead center refers to the lowest part of the support arm 132 which can move relative to the guide upright 131), and all support legs 134 extend out, so that the tunnel face and the hole wall are effectively supported and fixed.
Step two: the annular drill bit 112 and the short spiral drill bit 111 rotate reversely according to the design, full-section crushed rock is tunneled, the cut and crushed muck is concentrated in a muck cavity of the drill bit 11, and the muck in the muck cavity is lifted and transported to the upper part of the hole bottom drilling machine 1 along a muck lifting channel under the action of the spiral slag lifting rod 153 and is discharged into the slag discharging barrel 2 from the slag outlet 152. Meanwhile, the lifting oil cylinder 133 of the guiding feeding mechanism 13 drives the hole bottom drilling machine 1 to descend, provides enough drilling machine pressure, and performs automatic guiding correction according to the pile hole perpendicularity detection condition until the supporting arm 132 runs to the upper dead point or the slag soil in the slag discharging barrel 2 is full, and suspends tunneling operation.
Step three: when the slag in the slag discharging barrel 2 is full and the tunneling is suspended (the ring bit 112 and the short spiral bit 111 stop rotating), the slag discharging barrel lifting device of the frame 3 lifts the slag discharging barrel 2 to the ground surface, the connecting lock catch 22 of the slag discharging barrel 2 is released to separate the two split slag dragging barrels 21, and the slag in the slag discharging barrel 2 is poured out to the ground surface respectively. And then the two split slag scooping cylinders 21 are spliced again, and the two split slag scooping cylinders are automatically placed below the slag hole 152 of the hole bottom drilling machine 1 to continue tunneling operation.
Step four: when the supporting arm 132 moves to the upper dead center (the upper dead center refers to the uppermost part of the supporting arm 132 which can move relative to the guide upright post 131) to suspend tunneling, the supporting leg 134 is retracted, the fixing of the supporting arm 132 and the hole wall is released, the supporting arm 132 moves to the lower dead center, and the supporting leg 134 is extended again to enable the face and the hole wall to be effectively supported and fixed, and tunneling operation is continued.
Step five: repeating the second step to the fourth step until the designed hole depth is reached, and stopping tunneling operation.
Step six: lifting the slag discharging cylinder 2 to the ground surface, retracting the supporting legs 134, releasing the fixing of the supporting arms 132 and the hole wall, and lifting the hole bottom drilling machine 1 to the ground surface by a host suspension device to finish the mechanical hole forming construction operation of the pile foundation.
The small space bored pile pore-forming equipment in hole room that this embodiment provided has following beneficial effect:
1. the mechanical pore-forming construction of the bored pile in the small space of the cavity can be realized in a mode of suspending the hole bottom drilling machine 1 by the rope, and the mechanical pore-forming construction problem of the bored pile in the small space environment is solved. The working height of the equipment can be controlled within three meters, so that the mechanical pore-forming requirement of the bored pile in the narrow space environment in a cavity such as a PBA (Poly-b-poly-b-a) undermining method is met, the manual labor intensity of the engineering is reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, the pile forming quality is high, the safety is strong, the construction period is short, the cost is low, and the blank of piling machinery in the low-clearance field is also made up;
2. the adopted rock-soil tunneling method of the double drill bits 11 utilizes the dynamic balance technology with opposite rotation directions of the two drill bits 11 to realize zero external torque of the whole machine, and can effectively solve the problem that the rope suspension operation mode can not provide drilling torque counter force;
3. the slag discharging scheme of the hole bottom slag lifting matched slag discharging barrel 2 is adopted, the problem of pollution of mud circulation slag discharging environment is avoided, and the mechanical hole forming construction difficulty in a narrow space of a cavity is reduced.
The application further provides an operation method of the bored pile hole forming equipment in the narrow space of the cavity.
In the preferred embodiment, the working method of the bored pile hole forming equipment based on the cavity narrow space comprises the following steps:
step S1, placing the hole bottom drilling machine 1 and the slag discharging barrel 2 into a hole through ropes, controlling the supporting arm 132 to move to a bottom dead center, and controlling the supporting leg 134 to extend out so as to fix the guide feeding mechanism 13 with the hole wall;
step S2, respectively controlling the annular drill bit 111 and the short spiral drill bit 112 to simultaneously reversely rotate through the annular drill bit driving mechanism 12 and the spiral slag lifting rod 153 so as to achieve dynamic balance, timely discharging slag soil in the tunneling process through a slag discharging barrel, controlling the supporting arm 132 to move upwards relative to the guide upright post 131 in the tunneling process, and stopping the current tunneling process when the supporting arm moves to a top dead center;
and S3, controlling the supporting legs 134 to retract and then adjusting the positioning position of the annular drill bit driving mechanism 12 (controlling the whole guide upright post 131 to move into the hole after the supporting legs 134 retract and then extending the supporting legs 134 again to support the hole wall so as to fix the guide upright post 131), repeating the step S2 until the designed hole depth is reached, and stopping tunneling operation.
Specifically, step S2 specifically includes:
step S21, respectively controlling the annular drill bit 111 and the short spiral drill bit 112 to simultaneously reversely rotate through the annular drill bit driving mechanism 12 and the spiral slag lifting rod 153, controlling the rotating speeds of the annular drill bit 111 and the short spiral drill bit 112 through a dynamic balance adjustment technology to achieve zero external torque of a hole bottom drilling machine, collecting the cut and crushed slag in a slag soil cavity of the annular drill bit 111, and discharging the slag soil into a slag discharge cylinder 2 through the spiral slag lifting mechanism 15;
s22, when the slag in the slag discharging barrel 2 is full, lifting the whole hole bottom slag discharging barrel 2 to the ground surface through a rope, releasing the connecting lock catch 22, respectively pouring out the slag after being split into the split slag dragging barrels 21, splicing the slag discharging barrel 2 on the rope again, placing the slag discharging barrel 2 down to the hole bottom, and automatically positioning the slag discharging barrel below a slag outlet to finish single slag discharging;
step S23, the ring bit 111 and the short auger bit 112 are continuously controlled to rotate for tunneling, the support arm 132 is controlled to move upwards relative to the guide post 131 during tunneling, and the current tunneling process is stopped when the support arm 132 moves to the top dead center.
That is, the step S2 is a large cycle process, in which there are a plurality of steps S22, and the drill bit can be controlled to stop rotating as long as the slag discharging cylinder is full, and the drill bit is not required to be extracted, and the slag discharging cylinder is lifted to discharge the slag.
In step S22, the process of splitting the slag discharging barrel 2 into the split slag dragging barrel 21 solves the slag discharging problem of the small annular slag discharging barrel, and is not the traditional lifting, slag pouring and lowering processes, so that the problem of intermittent tunneling of traditional lifting, drilling and slag discharging processes of the rotary drilling and the like is solved, and the drilling efficiency can be greatly improved.
The operation method provided by the application has the following advantages:
1. the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit are respectively controlled to reversely rotate through the guide feeding mechanism and the spiral slag lifting rod so as to achieve dynamic balance, so that the purpose of drilling by matching a rope with a drilling machine is achieved (torque is needed for rotating crushed rock, the drilling machine is required to provide torque counter force, but the counter force of the counter force cannot be provided by the rope for a rope-suspended circular drilling machine, the counter force fixed with the hole wall by a supporting arm is insufficient and unreliable, the self-coupling is realized through the two directional drill bits, and the external torque is greatly reduced), and therefore, the drilling operation in a narrow space can be facilitated;
2. the tunneling and the slag tapping are synchronously carried out. Because the existing slurry circulation mode belongs to the synchronous tunneling and deslagging, but for the dry operation (no slurry) drilling process, the existing spiral drilling and rotary drilling are required to lift the drilling and deslagging, and cannot be synchronous. In the deslagging process, the whole drill bit is not required to be lifted out of the hole (the time is particularly consumed in the process of lifting the drill bit for the deep hole), so that the working efficiency of drilling can be greatly improved by the working method.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but is intended to cover all equivalent structures modifications, direct or indirect application in other related arts, which are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a small space bored concrete pile pore-forming equipment in hole, a serial communication port, including the frame, hole end rig and sediment section of thick bamboo, wherein, hole end rig includes spiral carry sediment mechanism and from supreme drill bit that sets gradually down, annular bit actuating mechanism and direction feed mechanism, the drill bit is including coaxial setting and the opposite annular bit of rotation direction and short spiral bit, spiral carry sediment mechanism wears to locate annular bit actuating mechanism and direction feed mechanism on and the bottom is connected with short spiral bit in order to drive its rotation, annular bit actuating mechanism and annular bit fixed connection in order to drive its rotation, spiral carry sediment mechanism and sediment section of thick bamboo all hang in the frame below through the rope, the slag notch of spiral carry sediment mechanism is located sediment section of thick bamboo top in order to arrange dregs in sediment section of thick bamboo.
2. The hole forming device for the bored pile in the small space of the cavern according to claim 1, wherein the spiral slag lifting mechanism comprises a slag lifting frame, a spiral slag lifting rod, a slag lifting driver connected with the top of the spiral slag lifting rod and a suspension shell for accommodating the slag lifting driver, wherein the spiral slag lifting rod is provided with spiral blades for transporting slag, the spiral slag lifting rod penetrates through the annular drill driving mechanism and the guiding feeding mechanism and the head of the spiral slag lifting rod is accommodated in the slag lifting frame, the bottom end of the spiral slag lifting rod is fixedly connected with a short spiral drill for driving the short spiral drill to rotate, a slag outlet is formed in the side wall of the slag lifting frame, the suspension shell is fixed above the slag lifting frame, and a lifting lug is further arranged above the suspension shell for being connected with a rope.
3. The hole forming device for the bored pile in the small space of the cavern as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism of the ring bit comprises a driving frame, a rotary table arranged at the bottom of the driving frame, a driving motor fixed above the driving frame, and a rotary support connecting an output shaft of the driving motor with the rotary table, wherein the bottom end of the rotary table is fixedly connected with the ring bit to drive the ring bit to rotate, and the driving frame is provided with a hollow passage for the spiral slag lifting mechanism to pass through.
4. A hole forming device for bored piles in a small space of a cavern as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the guide feeding mechanism comprises a guide upright, a supporting arm sleeved outside the guide upright and capable of moving up and down relative to the guide upright, and a plurality of supporting feet mounted on the supporting wall and capable of moving transversely relative to the supporting wall, the supporting feet are matched with the supporting arm to fix the supporting arm on the hole wall, and the guide upright is provided with a hollow channel for the spiral slag lifting mechanism to pass through.
5. The hole forming device for the bored pile in the small space of the cavern according to claim 4, wherein the guiding feeding mechanism comprises a telescopic oil cylinder and a lifting oil cylinder, an output shaft of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the supporting feet to drive the telescopic oil cylinder to move transversely, and two ends of the telescopic oil cylinder are respectively connected with the guiding upright post and the supporting arm to drive the supporting walls to move vertically.
6. The hole forming apparatus for small-space bored piles in a cavity according to claim 5, wherein the hole bottom drilling machine further comprises a hole bottom power station mechanism positioned above the guiding feeding mechanism, the hole bottom power station mechanism comprises a power frame for supporting the slag lifting frame and a hole bottom power driving control device accommodated in the power frame, and the hole bottom power driving control device is connected with the slag lifting driver, the telescopic cylinder and the lifting cylinder.
7. The hole forming device for the bored pile in the small space of the cavity according to claim 5, wherein the slag discharging cylinder comprises at least two split slag scooping cylinders and a connecting lock catch, wherein the at least two split slag scooping cylinders are sequentially spliced to form a circular slag scooping cylinder body, two adjacent split slag scooping cylinders are detachably connected through the connecting lock catch, and a slag filtering hole is formed in the bottom wall of the split slag scooping cylinder.
8. The hole forming device for the small-space bored pile in the cavity according to claim 5, wherein the ring bit comprises an upper supporting ring, a lower supporting ring and a connecting rib post, wherein the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring are coaxially arranged, the connecting rib post is connected between the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring, a hollow muck cavity is formed inside the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring, and a plurality of rock breaking picks are arranged outside the connecting rib post, the upper supporting ring and the lower supporting ring.
9. A method of operation of a hole forming apparatus for a bored pile in a confined space in a cavity according to any one of claims 4 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step S1, placing a hole bottom drilling machine and a slag discharging barrel into a hole through a rope, and controlling a supporting arm to extend out to fix a guide feeding mechanism with a hole wall after the supporting arm is controlled to move to a bottom dead center;
s2, respectively controlling the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit to reversely rotate simultaneously through the annular drill bit driving mechanism and the spiral slag lifting rod so as to achieve dynamic balance, timely discharging slag soil in the tunneling process through the slag discharging barrel in the tunneling process, controlling the supporting arm to move upwards relative to the guide upright post in the tunneling process, and stopping the current tunneling process when the supporting arm moves to a top dead center;
and S3, controlling the supporting legs to retract, then adjusting the positioning position of the guiding feeding mechanism, repeating the step S2 until the depth of the designed hole is reached, and stopping tunneling operation.
10. The method for operating the hole forming equipment for the bored pile in the small space of the cavern as set forth in claim 9, wherein the step S2 specifically includes:
the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit are respectively controlled to reversely rotate through the annular drill bit driving mechanism and the spiral slag lifting rod, the rotating speeds of the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit are controlled through a dynamic balance adjustment technology so as to achieve zero external torque of the bottom hole drilling machine, the slag after cutting and crushing is concentrated in a slag cavity of the annular drill bit, and the slag is discharged into a slag discharging barrel through the spiral slag lifting mechanism;
when the slag in the slag discharging cylinder is full, the whole slag discharging cylinder at the bottom of the hole is lifted to the ground surface through the rope, the connecting lock catch is released, the slag is poured out after being split into split slag dragging cylinders, the slag discharging cylinder is assembled on the rope again, the slag discharging cylinder is placed at the bottom of the hole, and the slag discharging cylinder is automatically positioned below a slag outlet to finish single slag discharging;
and continuously controlling the annular drill bit and the short spiral drill bit to rotate so as to drive, controlling the supporting arm to move upwards relative to the guide upright post in the driving process, and stopping the current driving process when the supporting arm moves to the upper dead point.
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