CN116731019A - Epoxy resin curing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Epoxy resin curing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116731019A
CN116731019A CN202310767398.0A CN202310767398A CN116731019A CN 116731019 A CN116731019 A CN 116731019A CN 202310767398 A CN202310767398 A CN 202310767398A CN 116731019 A CN116731019 A CN 116731019A
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China
Prior art keywords
curing agent
epoxy resin
resin curing
reaction
hexamethylenetetramine
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CN202310767398.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杜彪
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Zhilun Ultrapure Epoxy Resin Xi'an Co ltd
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Zhilun Ultrapure Epoxy Resin Xi'an Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310767398.0A priority Critical patent/CN116731019A/en
Publication of CN116731019A publication Critical patent/CN116731019A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/40Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
    • C08G59/50Amines
    • C08G59/5046Amines heterocyclic
    • C08G59/5053Amines heterocyclic containing only nitrogen as a heteroatom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/12Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D471/18Bridged systems

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Epoxy Resins (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides an epoxy resin curing agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of curing agent preparation. The method comprises the following steps: s1, weighing acetoacetamide, hexamethylenetetramine and ammonium carbonate according to a proportion, heating for reaction, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product; s2, uniformly stirring the intermediate product, triethylamine and the solvent, adding maleic anhydride, stirring for reaction, rotary steaming, and freeze drying to obtain the epoxy resin curing agent. The epoxy resin curing agent prepared by the method has a stable annular structure, the curing agent can promote the hydrolysis of tertiary amine of the curing agent into secondary amine in an acidic environment with the pH less than or equal to 2 and the temperature greater than 120 ℃, the amino nitrogen of the secondary amine and active hydrogen react with epoxy resin to form a three-dimensional network structure, the curing agent has the dual triggering characteristics of high temperature and acidity, the storage time of the curing agent is prolonged, the heat resistance of the curing agent is enhanced, and the curing agent has better latency and stability.

Description

Epoxy resin curing agent and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of preparation of curing agents, relates to an epoxy resin curing agent and a preparation method thereof, and in particular relates to an epoxy resin curing agent with high-temperature and acidic dual triggering characteristics.
Background
The epoxy resin is a high molecular compound with a thermoplastic linear structure, can undergo a crosslinking reaction under certain conditions, is crosslinked to form a three-dimensional network structure after being cured, has the advantages of good cohesiveness, chemical resistance, electrical insulation and mechanical properties, is easy to process and low in cost, and is widely applied to the fields of adhesives and coatings.
However, the epoxy resin cannot be directly cured due to the thermoplastic linear structure of the epoxy resin, and a curing agent is added for curing. Currently, many studies on latent curing agents in the field of epoxy resins are underway. The latent curing agent is a curing agent with low reactivity or blocked activity with epoxy groups, and the single-component epoxy resin composition obtained by mixing the latent curing agent with epoxy resin can be placed for a long time under the conventional storage condition, and can be rapidly crosslinked under the conditions of light, heat, humidity, pressure and the like to obtain the polymer. The single-component epoxy resin is obtained by mixing the latent curing agent with the epoxy resin, so that the use procedure can be simplified, the environmental pollution can be reduced, and the problem of unstable quality of the cured product caused by double-component ingredients can be avoided.
The amine curing agent has good compatibility with epoxy resin and high curing activity, but has a disadvantage of short latency as a conventional latent curing agent, so that it is necessary to provide a curing agent having long latency and good stability for improving storage stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a method for preparing epoxy resin; the second technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide the epoxy resin curing agent prepared by the method.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an epoxy resin curing agent has the structural formula:
the epoxy resin curing agent disclosed by the application has a stable annular structure.
In a second aspect, the method for preparing the epoxy resin curing agent comprises the following reactions:
as a preferable preparation method of the epoxy resin curing agent, the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing acetoacetamide, hexamethylenetetramine and ammonium carbonate according to a proportion, heating for reaction, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product II;
s2, uniformly stirring the intermediate product, triethylamine and the solvent, adding maleic anhydride, stirring for reaction, rotary steaming, and freeze drying to obtain the epoxy resin curing agent I.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, in step S1, the molar ratio of hexamethylenetetramine, acetoacetamide and ammonium carbonate is 1:2 to 2.5:0.6 to 0.8.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, in step S1, the molar ratio of hexamethylenetetramine, acetoacetamide and ammonium carbonate is 1:2:0.6.
in step S1, the heating reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature of 70 to 80℃for a period of 1 to 3 hours.
In step S1, the heating reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature of 70℃for a period of 1 hour.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, in step S1, acetoacetamide, hexamethylenetetramine and ammonium carbonate are dissolved in distilled water, and the ratio of the amount of hexamethylenetetramine to distilled water is 1g: 8-10 mL.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, in step S1, acetoacetamide, hexamethylenetetramine and ammonium carbonate are dissolved in distilled water, and the ratio of the amount of hexamethylenetetramine to distilled water is 1g:8mL.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in step S1, acetoacetamide and hexamethylenetetramine are reacted under an inert atmosphere.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in step S1, acetoacetamide and hexamethylenetetramine are reacted under nitrogen atmosphere.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, in step S2, the molar ratio of maleic anhydride, intermediate ii to triethylamine is 1:1 to 1.5:0.5 to 0.7.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, in step S2, the molar ratio of maleic anhydride, intermediate ii to triethylamine is 1:1:0.5.
as a preferred aspect of the present application, in step S2, the ratio of maleic anhydride to solvent is 1g: 7-9 mL.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, in step S2, the ratio of maleic anhydride to solvent is 1g:8mL.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in step S2, the solvent is one of dichloromethane, dichloroethane or dichloropropane.
In step S2, the stirring reaction is preferably performed at room temperature for a period of 2 to 5 hours.
As one preferable aspect of the present application, in the step S2, the curing agent for epoxy resin is prepared to undergo curing reaction with epoxy resin at a pH of not more than 2 and a temperature of more than 120 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1) The application takes urotropine as a raw material, reacts with methylacetylacetamide, and then further carries out ring-opening polymerization with maleic anhydride to form a relatively stable ring structure, thus preparing the latent high-temperature acidic epoxy resin curing agent.
2) The epoxy resin curing agent prepared by the method has a stable annular structure, the acidity and the high temperature can promote the hydrolysis of tertiary amine of the curing agent into secondary amine under the acidic environment with the pH less than or equal to 2 and the environment with the temperature greater than 120 ℃, the amino nitrogen of the secondary amine and active hydrogen react with the epoxy resin to form a three-dimensional network structure, the curing agent has the dual triggering characteristics of high temperature and acidity, the storage time of the curing agent is prolonged, the heat resistance of the curing agent is enhanced, and the curing agent has good latency and stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the epoxy resin curing agent prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the application.
Example 1
Adding 10.11g of acetoacetamide and 56.1mL of distilled water into a three-neck flask, uniformly stirring, adding 7.01g of hexamethylenetetramine and 2.88g of ammonium carbonate, introducing nitrogen, stirring at 70 ℃ for reaction for 1h, and then cooling, suction filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product;
10.05g of intermediate product, 2.53g of triethylamine and 34.3mL of dichloromethane are added into a three-necked flask, evenly stirred, 4.90g of maleic anhydride is added, stirred at room temperature for reaction for 2 hours, and the mixture is subjected to rotary evaporation and freeze drying, so that the latent high-temperature acid trigger epoxy resin curing agent is obtained.
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the epoxy resin curing agent prepared in example 1, as shown in the following:
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO): delta 8.67 (s, 2H), 7.86 (s, 4H), 3.23 (s, 12H), 3.07 (s, 4H), 2.26 (s, 12H) ppm. Delta 7.93 (s, 2H), 2.73 (s, 6H) ppm is the hydrogen spectrum of the intermediate product of the curative feed.
Example 2
Adding 10.62g of acetoacetamide and 56.1mL of distilled water into a three-neck flask, uniformly stirring, adding 7.01g of hexamethylenetetramine and 2.88g of ammonium carbonate, introducing nitrogen, stirring at 70 ℃ for reaction for 1h, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product;
11.06g of intermediate product, 2.53g of triethylamine and 34.3mL of dichloromethane are added into a three-necked flask, evenly stirred, 4.90g of maleic anhydride is added, stirred at room temperature for reaction for 2 hours, and the mixture is evaporated in a rotary way and freeze-dried to obtain the latent high-temperature acid-triggered epoxy resin curing agent.
Example 3
Adding 11.12g of acetoacetamide and 63.1mL of distilled water into a three-neck flask, uniformly stirring, adding 7.01g of hexamethylenetetramine and 3.36g of ammonium carbonate, introducing nitrogen, stirring at 75 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product;
12.06g of intermediate product, 3.04g of triethylamine and 39.2mL of dichloroethane are added into a three-necked flask, evenly stirred, 4.90g of maleic anhydride is added, stirred at room temperature for reaction for 4 hours, and the mixture is subjected to rotary evaporation and freeze drying to obtain the latent high-temperature acid-triggered epoxy resin curing agent.
Example 4
Adding 11.63g of acetoacetamide and 63.1mL of distilled water into a three-neck flask, uniformly stirring, adding 7.01g of hexamethylenetetramine and 3.36g of ammonium carbonate, introducing nitrogen, stirring at 75 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product;
13.07g of intermediate product, 3.04g of triethylamine and 39.2mL of dichloroethane are added into a three-necked flask, evenly stirred, 4.90g of maleic anhydride is added, stirred at room temperature for reaction for 4 hours, and the mixture is subjected to rotary evaporation and freeze drying to obtain the latent high-temperature acid-triggered epoxy resin curing agent.
Example 5
Adding 12.64g of acetoacetamide and 70.1mL of distilled water into a three-neck flask, uniformly stirring, adding 7.01g of hexamethylenetetramine and 3.84g of ammonium carbonate, introducing nitrogen, stirring at 80 ℃ for reaction for 3 hours, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product;
15.08g of intermediate product, 3.54g of triethylamine and 44.1mL of dichloropropane are added into a three-necked flask, evenly stirred, 4.90g of maleic anhydride is added, stirred at room temperature for reaction for 5 hours, and the mixture is evaporated in a rotary manner and freeze-dried to obtain the latent high-temperature acid trigger epoxy resin curing agent.
Comparative example
And (3) selecting an anhydride epoxy resin curing agent commonly used in the market as a control group for performance test.
To characterize the latency, cure time and heat resistance of the latent high temperature acid-triggered epoxy resin curative, the examples were tested for the time to flow at room temperature after mixing the latent high temperature acid-triggered epoxy resin curative with the epoxy resin, the time to cure after mixing the curative with the epoxy resin at ph=2 and at 120 ℃ and the heat distortion temperature.
TABLE 1 Properties of latent high temperature acidic epoxy curing Agents
Curing agent Time to loss of fluidity/d Curing time/min Heat distortion temperature/°c
Example 1 79 20 121.6
Example 2 74 23 119.8
Example 3 72 26 116.4
Example 4 69 28 114.4
Example 5 65 31 111.3
Comparative example 1 - 103.2
As shown in Table 1, the thermal deformation temperature of the epoxy resin after the latent high-temperature acid triggering epoxy resin curing agent is 111.3-121.6 ℃, and the thermal deformation temperature of the comparative example is 103.2 ℃, which shows that the heat resistance of the epoxy resin is enhanced by the application; the curing agent and the epoxy resin are mixed for 20-31 min at the pH of=2 and the temperature of 120 ℃, and curing does not occur only when the temperature is 120 ℃ or the pH of=2, which indicates that the latent high-temperature acidic epoxy resin curing agent prepared by the application has dual triggering properties of temperature and acidity. The curing agent loses fluidity at normal temperature for 79 days, which indicates that the latent high-temperature acid-triggered epoxy resin curing agent has better latency and stability.

Claims (10)

1. An epoxy resin curing agent is characterized by having the following structural formula:
2. a method of preparing the epoxy resin curing agent of claim 1, comprising the following reactions:
3. the method for preparing the epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 2, comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing acetoacetamide, hexamethylenetetramine and ammonium carbonate according to a proportion, heating for reaction, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an intermediate product II;
s2, uniformly stirring the intermediate product II, triethylamine and a solvent, adding maleic anhydride, stirring for reaction, steaming in a rotary way, and freeze-drying to obtain the epoxy resin curing agent I.
4. The method for producing an epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the molar ratio of hexamethylenetetramine, acetoacetamide and ammonium carbonate is 1:2 to 2.5:0.6 to 0.8.
5. The method for producing an epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the heating reaction is carried out at a temperature of 70 to 80℃for a period of 1 to 3 hours.
6. The method for producing an epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, acetoacetamide, hexamethylenetetramine and ammonium carbonate are dissolved in distilled water, and the ratio of the amount of hexamethylenetetramine to the amount of distilled water is 1g: 8-10 mL.
7. The method for producing an epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, the molar ratio of maleic anhydride, intermediate ii to triethylamine is 1:1 to 1.5:0.5 to 0.7; the dosage ratio of maleic anhydride to solvent is 1g: 7-9 mL.
8. The method for preparing an epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the solvent is one of dichloromethane, dichloroethane or dichloropropane.
9. The method for producing an epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of the stirring reaction is room temperature and the time of the stirring reaction is 2 to 5 hours.
10. The method for producing an epoxy resin curing agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the produced epoxy resin curing agent is cured with an epoxy resin at a pH of not more than 2 and a temperature of more than 120 ℃.
CN202310767398.0A 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Epoxy resin curing agent and preparation method thereof Pending CN116731019A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310767398.0A CN116731019A (en) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Epoxy resin curing agent and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310767398.0A CN116731019A (en) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Epoxy resin curing agent and preparation method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116731019A true CN116731019A (en) 2023-09-12

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Address after: 710000 Room 203, Linjian Market, Fengcheng 8th Road, Xi'an Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shaanxi Province

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