CN116718261A - Method for detecting and sensing vibration by using electromagnetic wave - Google Patents
Method for detecting and sensing vibration by using electromagnetic wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN116718261A CN116718261A CN202310631383.1A CN202310631383A CN116718261A CN 116718261 A CN116718261 A CN 116718261A CN 202310631383 A CN202310631383 A CN 202310631383A CN 116718261 A CN116718261 A CN 116718261A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/4802—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves. Comprising the following steps: setting a sampling frequency in an electromagnetic wave transceiver; the measured vibration object is in a continuous vibration state; controlling the electromagnetic wave transceiver to emit electromagnetic waves to the vibrating object; collecting electromagnetic wave echo signals through an electromagnetic wave transceiver; obtaining the characteristics of the vibrating object through time domain and frequency domain analysis on the reflected electromagnetic wave echo signals, and obtaining the vibration frequency of the vibrating object; and visually displaying the vibration frequency of the measured vibration object on the visual interface. According to the invention, a microphone array detection and an optical fiber detection method are not needed, electromagnetic waves are emitted to a vibrating object, echo data are acquired, and the vibration frequency of the object is acquired through Fourier transformation, so that accurate non-contact vibration detection and sensing can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of detection and sensing of vibrations using electromagnetic waves, and more particularly, to a method of vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves.
Background
Electromagnetic waves have many advantages in the detection field, such as high resolution, nondestructive detection, fast detection speed, good continuity, large detection range, etc. In recent years, electromagnetic wave detection is always a popular direction of academic research at home and abroad, and the application range covers various fields. The electromagnetic wave can measure the detailed vibration conditions of each position of the object in the vibration process, including the central vibration frequency, higher harmonics and frequency distortion conditions. In addition, no medium is required for propagation of electromagnetic waves. These advantages make electromagnetic waves more suitable for the field of vibration detection and sensing.
Vibration detection techniques mostly employ a point-type sensing method, for example, a microphone or an optical fiber is used for detecting and sensing vibration. However, the sensitivity of the microphone is low, so that a good detection effect can be achieved through an array mode. For example, the processing requirements for optical fibers are very high, resulting in high costs and inapplicability to electromagnetic wave detection. In summary, these vibration detection methods have drawbacks to varying degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical shortcomings, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and sensing vibration using electromagnetic waves. After the electromagnetic wave is reflected on the surface of the measured object, the time domain characteristics of the vibrating object are obtained by collecting the echo signals of the electromagnetic wave. And then the vibration frequency of the vibration object can be obtained through Fourier transformation, and the detection and the perception of the vibration object are completed.
A method for vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves, the method being implemented based on electromagnetic wave vibration detection and sensing means, by transmitting electromagnetic waves to a vibrating object, acquiring echo signals to identify a sensed object vibration frequency, comprising the steps of:
setting a sampling frequency in an electromagnetic wave transceiver;
the measured vibration object is in a continuous vibration state; controlling the electromagnetic wave transceiver to emit electromagnetic waves to the vibrating object;
collecting electromagnetic wave echo signals through an electromagnetic wave transceiver;
performing Fourier transform on the echo signals by the upper computer to obtain the vibration frequency of the vibration object; and visually displaying the vibration frequency of the measured vibration object on the visual interface.
The electromagnetic wave vibration detecting and sensing device comprises: an electromagnetic wave transceiver, a gain antenna, a vibrating object and an upper computer; the waveguide output port of the electromagnetic wave transceiver is connected with a gain antenna; the upper computer is connected with the electromagnetic wave transceiver.
The sampling frequency is not lower than a threshold value.
The threshold is twice the maximum vibration frequency in the vibrating object.
The setting the sampling frequency of the electromagnetic wave transceiver includes:
the method comprises the steps of initially setting sampling points n and intermediate frequency bandwidth m; calculating a sampling frequency;
if the sampling frequency f s If the shannon sampling theorem is satisfied, the parameter setting is finished, otherwise, the initial setting is returned to reset;
wherein the sampling frequencyThe scanning time t is calculated and obtained by the electromagnetic wave transceiver according to the sampling point number n and the intermediate frequency bandwidth m.
The complex number of the electromagnetic wave echo signal is in the form of z=a+bi.
The vibration frequency of the vibrating object is obtained by fourier transform.
The method is suitable for sensing unknown vibration frequencies.
The frequency emitted by the electromagnetic wave transceiver is an electromagnetic wave band.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
1. the invention provides a novel vibration detection method which can realize detection and perception of a vibrating object and accurate measurement of the vibration frequency of the object.
2. The electromagnetic wave used in the invention can be microwave, millimeter wave, terahertz wave and the like.
3. The invention senses the vibrating object by collecting and analyzing the electromagnetic wave echo signals, is a non-contact detection method, is simple and efficient, and can be applied to various scenes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting and sensing vibrations using electromagnetic waves;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a time domain image obtained after experimental detection;
fig. 4 is frequency domain information of a vibration signal.
Wherein 1 is an electromagnetic wave transceiver, 2 is a gain antenna, 3 is a vibrating object, and 4 is an upper computer.
Detailed Description
To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent, a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The invention can be used for various non-contact vibration detection in the industrial field, including detection of the amplitude and vibration frequency of a detection target; the method can be also used for detecting living things in security inspection, monitoring vibration in security scenes and other fields or scenes.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the device structure of the present invention. The invention uses electromagnetic waves to detect and sense vibration. The system comprises: an electromagnetic wave transceiver (1), a gain antenna (2), a vibrating object (3) and an upper computer (4). The electromagnetic wave transceiver (1) comprises an electromagnetic wave transceiver, a spread spectrum module and a frequency expander which are connected in sequence; the waveguide output port of the frequency expander is connected with the gain antenna; the gain antenna (2) can enhance the directivity of electromagnetic wave transmission and reduce electromagnetic loss, and can be a standard gain horn antenna or other antennas with the function. The opening of the booster antenna (2) is directed towards the vibrating object (3). The electromagnetic wave transceiver is connected with the upper computer (4). Electromagnetic waves are emitted by an electromagnetic wave transceiver, and are converged through a gain antenna (2) and directly irradiated to the surface of a vibrating object (3). The electromagnetic wave transceiver receives the reflected electromagnetic wave, and the upper computer (4) detects and perceives the vibration signal through the time domain and frequency domain analysis principle.
The invention discloses a method for detecting and sensing vibration by using electromagnetic waves, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 is built, so that the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 can continuously and stably emit electromagnetic waves.
And 2, adding a gain antenna 2 to enable electromagnetic waves emitted by the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 to intensively irradiate on the vibrating object 3.
Step 3, setting parameters in the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 so that its sampling frequency is not lower than twice the maximum sound frequency in the measured sound.
And 4, starting a data acquisition program to acquire electromagnetic wave echoes.
Step 5, obtaining time domain information of the vibrating object through the echo signals; the frequency of the vibrating object is obtained by fourier transforming the echo signal.
Wherein, the detailed steps are as follows:
step 1, setting up an electromagnetic wave transceiver 1, so that the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 can continuously and stably emit electromagnetic waves, and the emitted electromagnetic waves can be microwaves, millimeter waves, terahertz waves and the like.
And 2, adding the gain antenna 2, so that electromagnetic waves emitted by the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 are intensively irradiated on the vibrating object 3, and observing the effect of the gain antenna 2 by adding the gain antenna 2 at a fixed position and measuring the electromagnetic wave power before and after the gain antenna 2 is added.
And 3, setting parameters in the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 so that the sampling frequency of the parameters is not lower than twice the maximum vibration frequency in the vibration signal of the measured object.
And step 3-1, calculating the sampling time of the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 under the parameter setting condition.
a. The setting parameters in the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 are determined, including the number of sampling points, the intermediate frequency bandwidth and the scanning time. These parameters may be derived at the operating interface of the electromagnetic wave transceiver.
b. Obtaining the sampling frequency of the electromagnetic wave transceiver according to the formula (1)
n is the number of scanning points set in the electromagnetic wave transceiver, and m is the intermediate frequency bandwidth of the electromagnetic wave transceiver. After the number n of scanning points and the intermediate frequency bandwidth m are determined, the scanning time t can be calculated.
c. The calculated sampling frequency needs to meet the shannon sampling theorem, and the formula is shown as follows
In the above formula, f s,min Is f s Is the lowest frequency of (c). B is the bandwidth of the measured vibration signal. M isThe fractional part of the result, N, is the integer part. f (f) max Is the maximum frequency in the measured vibration signal. For a single frequency vibration signal, it is itself a signal whose frequency spectrum is near the center vibration frequency. />An approximation of 0 may be considered negligible. The bandwidth B of the vibration signal relative to the highest frequency f in the signal max Very small, N very large and M<1. The lowest frequency of the sampling is thus considered to be no less than twice the highest frequency contained in the vibration signal.
Step 3-2, the sampling frequency calculated from the set parameters in the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 needs to be greater than twice the maximum value of the frequency in the vibration signal.
And 4, starting a data acquisition program to acquire electromagnetic wave echoes.
In step 4-1, when controlling the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 to collect data, the collection time in software needs to be longer than the scanning time of the electromagnetic wave transceiver determined in step 3 in consideration of communication delay and errors in equipment. The acquisition time in the software is generally set to 1.5 times the scanning time in the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1.
Step 5, obtaining time domain information of the vibrating object 3 through echo signals; the frequency of the vibrating object 3 is obtained by fourier transforming the echo signal.
Step 5-1, data storage is performed on the emitted electromagnetic wave echoes using the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1. The complex number of the electromagnetic wave echo signal is in the form of z=a+bi.
In step 5-2, the scanning time t is taken as the horizontal axis, the echo signal z is taken as the vertical axis, and the time domain information of the vibration signals of n scanning points can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, the experiment is to obtain a time domain image after detecting a certain vibration object by using the detection method described herein under the condition that the scanning point number n is 1601 and the intermediate frequency bandwidth m is 2000 hz. The time domain information of the vibration signal can comprise vibration values, vibration change conditions, vibration amplitude information and the like of the signal at different moments.
And 5-3, performing Fourier transform on the experiment in the step 5-2 to obtain the vibration frequency of the vibration object 3 in the experiment, as shown in fig. 4. The frequency domain information of the vibration signal may include component compositions of frequencies and magnitudes of respective frequency components.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves, characterized in that the method is implemented based on electromagnetic wave vibration detection and sensing means, by emitting electromagnetic waves to a vibrating object (3), acquiring echo signals to identify the sensed object vibration frequency, comprising the steps of:
setting a sampling frequency in the electromagnetic wave transceiver (1);
the measured vibration object (3) is in a continuous vibration state; controlling the electromagnetic wave transceiver (1) to emit electromagnetic waves to the vibrating object (3);
collecting electromagnetic wave echo signals through an electromagnetic wave transceiver (1);
performing Fourier transform on the echo signals by the upper computer (4) to obtain the vibration frequency of the vibration object (3); and visually displaying the vibration frequency of the measured vibration object (3) on the visual interface.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave vibration detecting and sensing device comprises: an electromagnetic wave transceiver (1), a gain antenna (2), a vibrating object (3) and an upper computer (4); the waveguide output port of the electromagnetic wave transceiver (1) is connected with the gain antenna (2); the upper computer (4) is connected with the electromagnetic wave transceiver (1).
3. A method for vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves as defined in claim 1, wherein the sampling frequency is not lower than a threshold value.
4. A method of vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves according to claim 3, characterized in that the threshold value is twice the maximum vibration frequency in the vibrating object (3).
5. A method of vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves according to claim 1, wherein said setting the sampling frequency of the electromagnetic wave transceiver (1) comprises:
the method comprises the steps of initially setting sampling points n and intermediate frequency bandwidth m; calculating a sampling frequency;
if the sampling frequency f s Meets the sampling theorem of shannon,if the parameter setting is finished, returning to the initial setting and resetting;
wherein the sampling frequencyThe scanning time t is calculated and obtained by the electromagnetic wave transceiver according to the sampling point number n and the intermediate frequency bandwidth m.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave echo signal complex number is z=a+bi.
7. A method of vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration frequency of the vibrating object (3) is obtained by fourier transformation.
8. A method for vibration detection and sensing using electromagnetic waves according to claim 1, wherein said method is adapted for sensing of unknown vibration frequencies.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave transceiver emits in the electromagnetic band.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310631383.1A CN116718261A (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Method for detecting and sensing vibration by using electromagnetic wave |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310631383.1A CN116718261A (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Method for detecting and sensing vibration by using electromagnetic wave |
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| CN202310631383.1A Pending CN116718261A (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Method for detecting and sensing vibration by using electromagnetic wave |
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- 2023-05-31 CN CN202310631383.1A patent/CN116718261A/en active Pending
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